In June 2023, the repo rate set by Reserve Bank of India stood at *** percent. In May 2022, the repo rate was *** percent, after which it spiked continuously. The repo rate is defined as the rate at which the central bank of a country, in this case the Reserve Bank of India (RBI), lends money to commercial banks in case of lack of funds.

The benchmark interest rate in India was last recorded at 5.50 percent. This dataset provides - India Interest Rate - actual values, historical data, forecast, chart, statistics, economic calendar and news.

Graph and download economic data for Interest Rates: Immediate Rates (< 24 Hours): Central Bank Rates: Total for India (IRSTCB01INQ156N) from Q1 1968 to Q4 2023 about overnight, India, interest rate, banks, interest, depository institutions, and rate.

Key information about India Policy Rate

• India cash rate (Policy Rate: Month End: Repo Rate) was set at 6.25 % pa in Feb 2025, compared with 6.50 % pa in the previous Jan 2025.
• India Policy Rate averaged 6.50 % pa and is updated monthly, available from Apr 2001 to Feb 2025.
• The data reached an all-time high of 9.00 % pa in Sep 2008 and a record low of 4.00 % pa in Apr 2022.

Related information about India Policy Rate

• In the latest reports, India Short Term Interest Rate: Month End: India: MIBOR: 3 Months was reported at 7.19 % pa in Jun 2023.
• Its Long Term Interest Rate (Government Securities Yield: 10 Years) was reported at 6.71 % pa in Jan 2025.
• India Exchange Rate against USD averaged 82.23 (USD/INR) in Jun 2023.
• Its Real Effective Exchange Rate was 115.21 in Jan 2025.

In May 2025, global inflation rates and central bank interest rates showed significant variation across major economies. Most economies initiated interest rate cuts from mid-2024 due to declining inflationary pressures. The U.S., UK, and EU central banks followed a consistent pattern of regular rate reductions throughout late 2024. In early 2025, Russia maintained the highest interest rate at 20 percent, while Japan retained the lowest at 0.5 percent. Varied inflation rates across major economies The inflation landscape varies considerably among major economies. China had the lowest inflation rate at -0.1 percent in May 2025. In contrast, Russia maintained a high inflation rate of 9.9 percent. These figures align with broader trends observed in early 2025, where China had the lowest inflation rate among major developed and emerging economies, while Russia's rate remained the highest. Central bank responses and economic indicators Central banks globally implemented aggressive rate hikes throughout 2022-23 to combat inflation. The European Central Bank exemplified this trend, raising rates from 0 percent in January 2022 to 4.5 percent by September 2023. A coordinated shift among major central banks began in mid-2024, with the ECB, Bank of England, and Federal Reserve initiating rate cuts, with forecasts suggesting further cuts through 2025 and 2026.

Key information about India Long Term Interest Rate

• India Government Securities Yield: 10 Years was reported at 6.71 % pa in Jan 2025, compared with 6.78 % pa in the previous month.
• India Long Term Interest Rate data is updated monthly, available from May 1996 to Jan 2025.
• The data reached an all-time high of 13.96 % pa in May 1996 and a record low of 5.11 % pa in Oct 2003.
• Long Term Interest Rate is reported by reported by Reserve Bank of India.

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Related information about India Long Term Interest Rate

• In the latest reports, India Short Term Interest Rate: Month End: India: MIBOR: 3 Months was reported at 7.19 % pa in Jun 2023.
• The cash rate (Policy Rate: Month End: Repo Rate) was set at 6.50 % pa in Jan 2025.
• India Exchange Rate against USD averaged 82.23 (USD/INR) in Jun 2023.

Real interest rate (%) in India was reported at 2.5213 % in 2022, according to the World Bank collection of development indicators, compiled from officially recognized sources. India - Real interest rate - actual values, historical data, forecasts and projections were sourced from the World Bank on July of 2025.

Bank Lending Rate in India remained unchanged at 9.77 percent in July. This dataset provides - India Prime Lending Rate - actual values, historical data, forecast, chart, statistics, economic calendar and news.

In financial year 2024, the financial inclusion index of India was ****, according to the Reserve Bank of India. It rose from **** in 2017 to its current state, indicating improved financial inclusion. The financial inclusion index measures the extent of access to and usage of formal financial services, including banking, insurance, investments, pensions, and postal sectors.

During the financial year 2023, the year-on-year growth rate of both banks and non-banking financial companies (NBFCs) in India increased to ** percent and ** percent, respectively. In the last ***** financial years, loan advances by NBFCs remained less than those by banks. Credit market in India The organized loan market in India has many players that can be categorized into banks or NBFCs. Traditionally, banks have been the main source of credit for various industries and sectors within the Indian economy. However, in recent years, NBFCs have emerged as a viable alternative to traditional banks, offering services such as loans, savings and investment plans, credit facilities, and insurance among others. While NBFCs are making significant strides, banks are also expanding their presence in the credit market. For example, to compete with NBFCs, banks have been increasing their disbursement of gold loans in recent years. NBFCs: driving financial inclusion NBFCs have emerged as a significant force in promoting financial inclusion in India by successfully catering to the underserved segments of society. As of September 2023, NBFCs in the country have disbursed loans and advances amounting to over *** billion U.S. dollars. The growing market share of NBFCs can be attributed to the lighter and more flexible regulations imposed by the Reserve Bank of India, as well as their focus on specific sectors and niche markets. The NBFC sector has been experiencing double-digit growth recently, and this trend is expected to continue in the near future.

The Indian home loan market exhibits robust growth potential, fueled by a burgeoning middle class, increasing urbanization, and government initiatives promoting affordable housing. The market, valued at approximately ₹XX million in 2025 (assuming a logical extrapolation based on the provided CAGR of 22.50% from a past period), is projected to experience significant expansion throughout the forecast period (2025-2033). Key drivers include favorable interest rates (although fluctuations in floating rates pose a risk), government schemes aimed at boosting homeownership, and a rising preference for owning property over renting, particularly among salaried professionals. The market is segmented by customer type (salaried and self-employed), lending source (banks and HFCs), interest rate type (fixed and floating), and loan tenure (categorized into various ranges). While the dominance of established players like HDFC, LIC Housing Finance, and Indiabulls Housing Finance is evident, the market also presents opportunities for smaller players and fintech companies leveraging technology to improve accessibility and efficiency. Constraints include fluctuating interest rates impacting affordability, stringent lending norms, and regional disparities in property prices and infrastructure development. The growth trajectory is expected to be influenced by economic conditions, regulatory changes, and the availability of credit. The segment analysis reveals a significant portion of the market is driven by salaried individuals seeking fixed-rate home loans with tenures between 11-24 years. However, the self-employed segment and floating-rate loans are also demonstrating significant growth, reflecting the diverse needs of the Indian homebuyer. The competitive landscape is dynamic, with both large established players and newer entrants vying for market share. The future will likely see increased competition, a focus on digitalization and customer experience, and the emergence of innovative financial products tailored to specific segments within the Indian home loan market. Recent developments include: June 2023: In a major development, HDFC (Housing Development Finance Corporation) and HDFC Bank came into a merger on July 1, paving the way for the country's largest corporate merger. Following this, HDFC shares were delisted on July 13 and amalgamated into HDFC Bank., May 2023: LIC Housing Finance (LIC HF) is expected to expand its branches in new geographies, increase focus on high-yielding loan against property (LAP), and intensify recovery efforts as it consolidates its position as the largest housing finance company after the merger of larger rival Housing Development Finance Corp with its banking arm.. Key drivers for this market are: Growing Urbanization, Low-Interest Rates. Potential restraints include: Growing Urbanization, Low-Interest Rates. Notable trends are: Lower Interest Rates is Expected to Drive the Market.

Key information about India Real Effective Exchange Rate

• India Real Effective Exchange Rate (REER: 2005=100: Month Avg: India) was 115.2 in Jan 2025, compared with the number of 117.7 in the previous month.
• India Real Effective Exchange Rate data is updated monthly and averaged 118.9 from Apr 2004 to Jan 2025.
• The data reached an all-time high of 118.9 in Nov 2024 and a record low of 94.8 in Apr 2009.

CEIC generates Real Effective Exchange Rate Index with base 2005=100. The Reserve Bank of India provides Real Effective Exchange Rate Index with base April 2015-March 2016=100. CPI is used as a deflator. An increase in REER indicates reduced competitiveness for the reporting economy.


Related information about India Real Effective Exchange Rate

• In the latest reports, India Short Term Interest Rate: Month End: India: MIBOR: 3 Months was reported at 7.2 % pa in Jun 2023.
• The cash rate (Policy Rate: Month End: Repo Rate) was set at 6.5 % pa in Jan 2025.
• India Exchange Rate against USD averaged 82.2 (USD/INR) in Jun 2023.

Interest payments (current LCU) in India was reported at 8327769400000 LCU in 2022, according to the World Bank collection of development indicators, compiled from officially recognized sources. India - Interest payments (current LCU) - actual values, historical data, forecasts and projections were sourced from the World Bank on July of 2025.

Inflation Rate in India decreased to 2.10 percent in June from 2.82 percent in May of 2025. This dataset provides - India Inflation Rate - actual values, historical data, forecast, chart, statistics, economic calendar and news.

Cash Reserve Ratio in India remained unchanged at 4 percent on Wednesday April 9. This dataset provides the latest reported value for - India Cash Reserve Ratio - plus previous releases, historical high and low, short-term forecast and long-term prediction, economic calendar, survey consensus and news.

******************* was the leading Indian public sector bank based on market capitalization, with over ************** Indian rupees as of May 2025. Bank of Baroda followed, with PNB ranking third that year. State Bank of India The Reserve Bank of India acquired the majority of shares from the Imperial Bank of India in 1955 which led to the formation of State Bank of India. Currently, the Indian multinational public sector bank is one of the most valuable brands in the country. However, despite its large customer base, higher deposits, and net profit, the market capitalization of the SBI was much lower than of the leading private sector banks that year. This could be because of a reduced consistency and predictability in the performance of the bank from an investor point of view. SBI’s green finance initiative State Bank of India seemed to have taken various initiatives in an effort to reduce its environmental impact on the planet. The bank supports the Indian government in recent years to provide funds to viable renewable energy projects. Through the introduction of the digital banking application, YONO, and digitization of registers, the use of paper was reduced by a large fraction. The bank’s decreased interest rate and a longer-term for Green Car loans give a boost to the clean mobility movement.

The global performance bank guarantee market, valued at $25.45 billion in 2025, is projected to experience robust growth, driven by a Compound Annual Growth Rate (CAGR) of 5.10% from 2025 to 2033. This expansion is fueled by several key factors. Increased cross-border trade necessitates robust financial instruments like performance guarantees, securing transactions and mitigating risk for both buyers and sellers. The growing adoption of online banking and digital payment platforms streamlines the process of obtaining and managing these guarantees, boosting market accessibility. Furthermore, the rising number of large-scale infrastructure projects globally creates significant demand for performance guarantees, particularly in developing economies experiencing rapid infrastructure development. The Small and Medium Enterprise (SME) sector also contributes significantly, as these businesses increasingly rely on guarantees to secure contracts and access funding. Government initiatives promoting ease of doing business further contribute to market growth. However, the market faces certain challenges. Stringent regulatory compliance and increasing scrutiny of financial institutions impact the cost and availability of guarantees. Economic fluctuations and geopolitical uncertainty can also dampen demand, particularly in sectors highly sensitive to global economic trends. Competition among established banks and the emergence of fintech companies offering alternative financing solutions present additional challenges to market players. Despite these headwinds, the long-term outlook for the performance bank guarantee market remains positive, driven by sustained economic growth and the enduring need for secure and reliable financial instruments in international commerce and infrastructure development. The market is segmented by type (tender, financial, advance payment, foreign bank guarantee, and others), application (SME, large enterprise, and others), bank type (government and private sector), and service deployment (online and offline). Key players include Citigroup, HSBC, Deutsche Bank, DBS Bank, Wells Fargo, and several major Indian and Asian banks, showcasing a globally competitive landscape. Recent developments include: Feb 2023: Public sector Indian Overseas Bank has launched the facility of issuance of e-BG (Electronic Bank Guarantee) scheme in association with the National e-Governance Services Ltd., Jan 2023: State Bank of India (SBI) has launched e-Bank Guarantee (e-BG) facility in association with national e-governance services ltd.. Key drivers for this market are: Growing Demand for Work and Financial Securities among the Business, Increasing Need to Safeguards the Companies From Financial Losses Due To Quality Issues. Potential restraints include: Growing Demand for Work and Financial Securities among the Business, Increasing Need to Safeguards the Companies From Financial Losses Due To Quality Issues. Notable trends are: Online Performance Bank Guarantees (PBGs) Witnessing Robust Growth Amidst Digitization of Financial Services and Trade Facilitation.

Key information about India Reserve Requirement Ratio

• Cash Reserve Ratio was set as 4.0 % in Feb 2025
• India Reserve Requirement Ratio data updated monthly, available from Sep 1962 to Feb 2025
• The data is reported by Reserve Bank of India
• In the latest reports, India Money Supply M2 increased to 765.5 USD bn YoY in Nov 2024
• Foreign Exchange Reserves in India was measured at 537.7 USD bn in Jan 2025.
• The Foreign Exchange Reserves equaled 9.2 Months of Import in May 2023
• India Domestic Credit reached 3,168.1 USD bn in Dec 2024, representing an increase of 11.1 % YoY
• The country's Non Performing Loans Ratio stood at 2.8 % in Mar 2024, compared with the ratio of 3.9 % in the previous year
• Household Debt of India reached 17.1 % in Mar 2024, accounting for 17.1 % of the country's Nominal GDP

As of September 2023, NBFCs dominated the gold loan market with a ** percent market share. Banks, on the other hand, held only ** percent of market share. Indian population has traditionally relied on gold as a means of investment. The country is the second-largest importer of gold in the world. Banks and non-banking financial companies are currently the major players in offering secured loans with gold as collateral. Process of taking a gold loan To apply for a gold loan, a borrower usually approaches these institutions, which is followed by a purity check of gold to evaluate its market value. A borrower usually keeps their gold ranging from 18 to 24 carats with the lender for getting credit. The interest rates on gold loans can range between 7.35 percent to 29 percent per annum, depending on the bank. Gold’s present market value called the loan-to-value (LTV) ratio, usually fixed by the Reserve bank of India determines the amount a consumer is eligible to get against gold. New digital players Online gold loan options are increasingly being offered; however, a customer is still required to visit the bank or NBFC branch for depositing the gold and its purity check. But a large part of the gold loan market is still unorganized, leaving customers exposed to high-interest rates. Certain fintech startups are now entering the market space offering services with lower interest, flexible EMIs, and door-to-door delivery and pickup. The entry of new players in this traditional marketplace is expected to increase the penetration rate of the gold loan market.

The online banking penetration rate in India was forecast to continuously increase between 2024 and 2029 by in total 19.3 percentage points. After the fifteenth consecutive increasing year, the online banking penetration is estimated to reach 64.34 percent and therefore a new peak in 2029. Notably, the online banking penetration rate of was continuously increasing over the past years.Shown is the estimated percentage of the total population in a given region or country, which makes use of online banking.The shown data are an excerpt of Statista's Key Market Indicators (KMI). The KMI are a collection of primary and secondary indicators on the macro-economic, demographic and technological environment in up to 150 countries and regions worldwide. All indicators are sourced from international and national statistical offices, trade associations and the trade press and they are processed to generate comparable data sets (see supplementary notes under details for more information).Find more key insights for the online banking penetration rate in countries like Pakistan and Bangladesh.