The FAO Food Price Index (FFPI) averaged 124.9 points in January 2025, down 2.1 points from December 2024. The highest value for the index in the past 23 years was reached in March 2022. However, the rate of food price increases has been decreasing since.

Food prices worldwide The annual FAO Food Price Index (FFPI) by category shows that the price of vegetable oils grew by a particularly large margin. One of the factors that influenced the spike in oil prices worldwide during 2020 and 2021 were the supply-chain disruptions during the COVID-19 pandemic. Moreover, after the war in Ukraine, shipping costs and grain prices also had a noticeable impact on global food prices. Global food prices are calculated to have increased by 3.68 percent, due to changes in shipping costs and grain prices. The European Union (EU) has experienced a particularly high increase in the annual consumer prices for food and non-alcoholic beverages, as compared to other selected countries worldwide. Inflation in Europe

The inflation rate for food in the EU grew from 0.2 percent in May 2021 to 19.2 percent in March 2023, as compared to the same month in the previous year. In the following months, the food inflation started decreasing again, reaching 1.86 percent in April 2024. The overall inflation rate in the Euro area reached its peak in December 2022 at 9.2 percent. The rate has since fallen to 2.4 percent in December 2024. As measured by the Harmonized Index of Consumer Prices (HICP), inflation rates in Europe were highest in Turkey, North Macedonia, and Romania as of December 2024.

In April 2025, food prices in Italy rose by 3.2 percent compared to the same month the previous year. Late 2022 and early 2023 experienced the highest growth in food inflation, with November 2022 showing prices 13.6 percent higher than in November 2021.

In January 2025, prices had increased by three percent compared to January 2024 according to the 12-month percentage change in the consumer price index — the monthly inflation rate for goods and services in the United States. The data represents U.S. city averages. In economics, the inflation rate is a measure of the change in price level over time. The rate of decrease in the purchasing power of money is approximately equal. A projection of the annual U.S. inflation rate can be accessed here and the actual annual inflation rate since 1990 can be accessed here. InflationOne of the most important economic indicators is the development of the Consumer Price Index in a country. The change in this price level of goods and services is defined as the rate of inflation. The inflationary situation in the United States had been relatively severe in 2022 due to global events relating to COVID-19, supply chain restrains, and the Russian invasion of Ukraine. More information on U.S. inflation may be found on our dedicated topic page. The annual inflation rate in the United States has increased from 3.2 percent in 2011 to 8.3 percent in 2022. This means that the purchasing power of the U.S. dollar has weakened in recent years. The purchasing power is the extent to which a person has available funds to make purchases. According to the data published by the International Monetary Fund, the U.S. Consumer Price Index (CPI) was about 258.84 in 2020 and is forecasted to grow up to 325.6 by 2027, compared to the base period from 1982 to 1984. The monthly percentage change in the Consumer Price Index (CPI) for urban consumers in the United States was 0.1 percent in March 2023 compared to the previous month. In 2022, countries all around the world are experienced high levels of inflation. Although Brazil already had an inflation rate of 8.3 percent in 2021, compared to the previous year, while the inflation rate in China stood at 0.85 percent.

The FAO Meat Price Index* started to increase in October of 2020. For the first few months of the pandemic, prices had declined. In 2021, prices further increased and the index reached an all time high of 125.4 index points in June of 2022, a few months after the start of the Russian invasion of Ukraine. Since then, the index has fluctuated and came to 117.7 in January 2025. For further information about the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic, please visit our dedicated facts and figures page. For further information about the Russian invasion of Ukraine, please visit our dedicated page on the topic.

The consumer price index (CPI) for all items in Portugal was measured at ****** points in May 2025, marking an increase from the previous month. Over the period considered, the consumer price index in the country has noticeably increased, with the highest value being also the most recent. This escalation in prices occurs against a backdrop of increasing household disposable income, which rose from ***** billion euros in 2000 to ****** billion euros in 2024. Consumer confidence in Portugal Despite the overall increase in disposable income, consumer confidence in Portugal has experienced fluctuations. The confidence indicator hit its lowest point in April 2020 at ***** percent, gradually improving thereafter with some variation. By April 2025, it stood at ***** percent, the lowest since March 2024. This cautious consumer sentiment may impact purchases and overall spending behavior in the country. Income disparities in Portugal Disposable income varies significantly between Portuguese families according to the gender of the head of the household. In 2024, the average monthly disposable income per household was ***** euros, with male-led households having ***** euros compared to ***** euros for female-led households. The almost ***-euro difference between the disposable income of the two reveals the great gender gap that still exists in Portugal.

In the first quarter of 2025, the producers price index (PPI) for inputs in New Zealand had increased by *** percent in comparison to the first quarter of 2024. Between the second quarter of 2021 and 2022, the PPI in the country increased by almost ten percent.

U.S. gasoline prices decreased across all fuel grades in July 2025 when compared to the month before. Regular gasoline prices fell to an average of 3.13 U.S. dollars per gallon. In the period of consideration, gasoline prices reached their highest level in June 2022. Differences in fuel grades Fuel grades at U.S. gas stations are differentiated by octane level. Higher grade fuels have higher octane levels, meaning that the fuel can be compressed more in the engine. This enables high-performance engines to create more power. Fuel may also vary from state to state and pump to pump. Some cities also have regulations on gasoline in order to improve air quality. Bioethanol is added to gasoline in some cases to meet the renewable fuel standard. Gasoline-run engines are able to run on blends with a bioethanol percentage of up to 25 percent. Gasoline prices reach historic high Primarily a result of the Russia-Ukraine war and inflation, the annual retail price of gasoline reached a new historic high in 2022, climbing to nearly four U.S. dollars per gallon. By 2024, annual prices had decreased again slightly, reaching 2014 levels.

In March 2025, the inflation rate for food prices in the United Kingdom was measured at three percent. A period of continuous deflation between March 2015 and January 2017 preceded a return to a sustained rise in the cost of food from February 2017 onwards. While food prices were deflating between September 2020 and July 2021, they started increasing rapidly from August 2021 to March 2023. The inflation rate started to decline from April 2023. Inflation rate and consumer price indexInflation is commonly measured via the consumer price index, which illustrates changes to prices paid by consumers for a representative basket of goods and services. An annualized percentage change in the price index constitutes a measure of inflation. In order to maintain an inflation rate at a stable level, to enable the general public and businesses to plan their spending, the Government set a two percent inflation target for the Bank of England. The discounter boom The increase in food prices in the United Kingdom has shifted shopping behaviours amongst consumers. Value is now key and shoppers are changing their retailer loyalties. Aldi, the German discount supermarket retailer, overtook Morrisons as Great Britain's fourth largest supermarket in September of 2022. Aldi's market share reached double digits for the first time in April 2023. It is yet to be seen if Lidl, Aldi's discounter competitor, can also continue to rise up in the ranks and eventually take over Morrisons as the fifth leading food retailer.

Global media inflation rates are projected to vary significantly across different mediums in 2025, with online video leading at *** percent and radio at just *** percent. This reflects the ongoing shift in media consumption patterns and advertising spend. The data highlights the resilience of digital platforms and the challenges faced by traditional print media in an increasingly digital landscape. Digital dominance and traditional media's struggle The disparity in inflation rates across media types underscores the growing divide between digital and traditional platforms. In 2023, online media worldwide experienced an inflation rate of *** percent, more than double that of offline media at *** percent. This trend is expected to continue in 2024, with online video and display maintaining higher inflation rates compared to newspapers and magazines. The shift is further evidenced by global media consumption patterns, with users spending an average of ***** hours and ** minutes daily on mobile devices in 2024. Industry leaders and market dynamics The changing media landscape is reflected in the revenue rankings of top media companies. In 2023, tech giants Alphabet Inc. and Meta Platforms Inc. led the pack, followed by traditional media conglomerates like Comcast Corporation and Walt Disney. This hierarchy illustrates the growing influence of digital platforms in the media industry. The United States remains a crucial market for these companies, with American consumers spending an average of over ** hours daily consuming major media. As the global entertainment and media market continues to expand, and projections suggest it could reach a value of *** trillion U.S. dollars by 2027, driven largely by the continued growth of digital platforms.

This statistic shows the stock price development of selected companies in the technology industry from January 6, 2020 to February 3, 2025. During this period, stock prices of most of the tech companies have increased. Out of all companies shown here, stock values of **** saw the most substantial increase between January and October 2020. In February 3, 2025, ***** stock prices increased more than others with over an increase of *** index points.

This statistic shows the stock price development of selected companies in the tourism industry from January 2, 2020 to February 5, 2025. Although all companies shown here have been negatively affected by the pandemic, *************** and *** saw the largest drop in March 2020. Since then, stock prices have recovered, albeit with fluctuations. In 2022, stock values of ****** and ******** even surpassed their pre-pandemic values.

How is the office real estate market in Milan going to change over the next five years? This question is even more pressing in light of the economic impact that measures taken to prevent the spread of COVID-19 is going to have on Italy. According to a study conducted in April 2020, prices for prime offices in Milan are expected to decrease in 2020 and 2021, respectively by *** and *** percent. Starting from 2022, however, the study predicted a new increase in price of around *** percent. This positive trend was supposed to continue, until reaching a peak of *** percent price increase in 2025.

This statistic shows the stock price development of selected companies in the pharmaceuticals industry from January 2, 2020 to February 5, 2025. After developing and distributing effective vaccines against COVID-19, the stock values of BioNTech and Moderna increased substantially during this period. *******'s stock value increased by close to ***** percent between January 2020 and October 2021. Similarly, ******** saw its highest valuation in August 2021. In comparison, the stock prices of ****** and ***** remained rather stable throughout the period considered.

In June 2025, the prices of consumer goods and services in Poland increased compared to last year. Housing, water, electricity, gas, and other fuels increased the most, by nearly **** percent year over year.

In March 2025, the Harmonized Index of Consumer Prices (HICP) for food and non-alcoholic beverages in Romania stood at 169.83 points. That marked an increase of over eight index points compared to the corresponding period of the previous year.

In February 2025, the Consumer Price Index (CPI) for food in Algeria stood at 285 points, with 2001 as the base year (=100). This represented a slight decrease compared to the previous month, when the food CPI was 285.3 points. From January 2020 onwards, consumer prices of food products in Algeria generally increased.

Estimates for worldwide market of alcoholic drinks indicated that online prices of alcoholic beverages would increase by nearly *** percent in 2023, compared to the previous year. A significant year-over-year online price deflation marked 2020 and hit North American countries more than European ones.

By 2025, worldwide online prices of alcoholic beverages are estimated to maintain a positive inflation rate of **** percent.

In March 2025, inflation amounted to 2.4 percent, while wages grew by 4.3 percent. The inflation rate has not exceeded the rate of wage growth since January 2023. Inflation in 2022 The high rates of inflation in 2022 meant that the real terms value of American wages took a hit. Many Americans report feelings of concern over the economy and a worsening of their financial situation. The inflation situation in the United States is one that was experienced globally in 2022, mainly due to COVID-19 related supply chain constraints and disruption due to the Russian invasion of Ukraine. The monthly inflation rate for the U.S. reached a 40-year high in June 2022 at 9.1 percent, and annual inflation for 2022 reached eight percent. Without appropriate wage increases, Americans will continue to see a decline in their purchasing power. Wages in the U.S. Despite the level of wage growth reaching 6.7 percent in the summer of 2022, it has not been enough to curb the impact of even higher inflation rates. The federally mandated minimum wage in the United States has not increased since 2009, meaning that individuals working minimum wage jobs have taken a real terms pay cut for the last twelve years. There are discrepancies between states - the minimum wage in California can be as high as 15.50 U.S. dollars per hour, while a business in Oklahoma may be as low as two U.S. dollars per hour. However, even the higher wage rates in states like California and Washington may be lacking - one analysis found that if minimum wage had kept up with productivity, the minimum hourly wage in the U.S. should have been 22.88 dollars per hour in 2021. Additionally, the impact of decreased purchasing power due to inflation will impact different parts of society in different ways with stark contrast in average wages due to both gender and race.

On August 4, 2025, the Brent crude oil price stood at 68.59 U.S. dollars per barrel, compared to 66.29 U.S. dollars for WTI oil and 71.58 U.S. dollars for the OPEC basket. OPEC prices rose slightly that week, while Brent and WTI prices fell.Europe's Brent crude oil, the U.S. WTI crude oil, and OPEC's basket are three of the most important benchmarks used by traders as reference for oil and gasoline prices. Lowest ever oil prices during coronavirus pandemic In 2020, the coronavirus pandemic resulted in crude oil prices hitting a major slump as oil demand drastically declined following lockdowns and travel restrictions. Initial outlooks and uncertainty surrounding the course of the pandemic brought about a disagreement between two of the largest oil producers, Russia and Saudi Arabia, in early March. Bilateral talks between global oil producers ended in agreement on April 13th, with promises to cut petroleum output and hopes rising that these might help stabilize the oil price in the coming weeks. However, with storage facilities and oil tankers quickly filling up, fears grew over where to store excess oil, leading to benchmark prices seeing record negative prices between April 20 and April 22, 2020. How crude oil prices are determined As with most commodities, crude oil prices are impacted by supply and demand, as well as inventories and market sentiment. However, as oil is most often traded in future contracts (where a contract is agreed upon while product delivery will follow in the next two to three months), market speculation is one of the principal determinants for oil prices. Traders make conclusions on how production output and consumer demand will likely develop over the coming months, leaving room for uncertainty. Spot prices differ from futures in so far as they reflect the current market price of a commodity.

The consumer price index (CPI) of shampoo in Sweden fluctuated from January 2020 to May 2025. In May 2025, the CPI of shampoo in Sweden was measured at ****** points, where the year 1980 equals 100. This index measures changes in average costs of most consumer goods and services. It reports inflation and deflation (rising and falling prices).