Cost of food in Ghana increased 14.80 percent in August of 2025 over the same month in the previous year. This dataset provides - Ghana Food Inflation - actual values, historical data, forecast, chart, statistics, economic calendar and news.

The export value of food products in Ghana reached roughly *** billion U.S. dollars in 2022. Compared to previous year, which registered an export value that amounted to approximately *** billion U.S. dollars, the value decreased by about *** million U.S. dollars. Over the observed period, the highest value was registered in 2015, at approximately *** billion U.S. dollars. The Netherlands was the main destination for Ghanaian food exports in 2022.

The value of food products imported into Ghana amounted to around *** million U.S. dollars in 2022. This decreased from the previous year, when a peak of just over *** billion U.S. dollars was registered.

Ghana PPI: Weights: Mfg: Food Products and Beverages: Processed Food data was reported at 4.600 % in 2022. This stayed constant from the previous number of 4.600 % for 2021. Ghana PPI: Weights: Mfg: Food Products and Beverages: Processed Food data is updated yearly, averaging 4.600 % from Dec 2014 (Median) to 2022, with 9 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 4.600 % in 2022 and a record low of 4.600 % in 2022. Ghana PPI: Weights: Mfg: Food Products and Beverages: Processed Food data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Ghana Statistical Service. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Ghana – Table GH.I014: Producer Price Index: Weights: September 2006=100.

Nearly *** billion U.S. dollars of food, including fish, were imported into Ghana in 2022. The bulk of the imports were cereals and cereal preparations, amounting to *** million U.S. dollars, followed by meat at *** million U.S. dollars.

Ghana PPI: Weights: Mfg: Food Products and Beverages: Beverages data was reported at 7.270 % in 2022. This stayed constant from the previous number of 7.270 % for 2021. Ghana PPI: Weights: Mfg: Food Products and Beverages: Beverages data is updated yearly, averaging 7.270 % from Dec 2014 (Median) to 2022, with 9 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 7.270 % in 2022 and a record low of 7.270 % in 2022. Ghana PPI: Weights: Mfg: Food Products and Beverages: Beverages data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Ghana Statistical Service. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Ghana – Table GH.I014: Producer Price Index: Weights: September 2006=100.

In 2021, China's food exports to Ghana amounted to around ***** million U.S. dollars, up from about ***** million U.S. dollars in the previous year.

Abstract

The Ghana Millennium Development Authority's (MiDA) Agriculture Project within the Government of Ghana's Compact with the Millennium Challenge Corporation is design to improve farming in a number of areas. Under the Agricultural Project being implemented by (MiDA) some feeder roads are to be rehabilitated or reconstructed to promote development in the sector. In the first phase, about 336 km of feeder roads in eight (8) districts in two intervention zones are to be rehabilitated to reduce transportation costs and time, and increase access to major domestic and international markets. The feeder roads activity will also facilitate transportation linkages from rural areas to social service networks (including hospitals, clinics and schools).

The purpose of this project is to conduct an impact evaluation of the MiDA's Feeder Roads Activity. As stated in the Terms of Reference of the request for proposals, "the primary data for the impact evaluation will be a series of surveys similar in scope to the Consumer Price Index (CPI) survey, examining changes in prices over time Findings from the market surveys will contribute to the overall impact evaluation conducted by the Institute of Statistical, Social and Economic Research (ISSER). The Ghana Living Standards Survey (GLSS) 5+ is the primary instrument used in the overall evaluation, and 'Difference in Difference' is the proposed method of evaluation of data."

Thus, this study focuses on how prices of goods sold at local markets (that are transported on improved roads) change over time. It is also to document the changes in goods transport tariffs and passenger fares to market places served by the feeder roads.

The sample design uses a carefully tailored algorithm employed to match 154 localities that will benefit from the road improvements with an identical number of control localities that are comparatively far from the improvements. The sample size is sufficient to provide robust estimates of price effects associated with the road improvements. The minimum population for a locality to be included in the sample is 1,000, a condition imposed to help ensure that most designated items could be found in most localities.

Beginning in August 2009 interviewers visited the sample localities to obtain three price observations for each item in the defined "basket" of goods and transportation services. The final "basket" contains 39 fresh food items, 24 packaged food items, 19 non food items and 6 transportation tariffs-3 for the locality's residents' most frequent passenger destinations and 3 for the most frequent freight destinations.

Geographic coverage

308 localities in Ghana - 154 localities that will benefit from the road improvements with an identical number of control localities that are comparatively far from the improvements.

Analysis unit

The main unit of analysis is a market. Within each market, we priced the following items at up to three different vendors: 39 fresh food items, 24 packaged food items, 19 non food items and 6 transportation tariffs-3 for the locality's residents' most frequent passenger destinations and 3 for the most frequent freight destinations.

Universe

The data is only meant to represent the 308 localities surveyed. The results cannot be generalized to a larger population. The objective was not to produce estimates of national means and totals, but to estimate the parameters of an analytical model of program impact.

Kind of data

Sample survey data [ssd]

Sampling procedure

In the present application, the approach that is being used, in lieu of randomization, to select a control sample is statistical matching. A matched-pairs design was used, matching 174 (154 plus 20 replacements) treatment localities to 174 control localities using nearest-neighbor matching. Sampling was restricted, as mentioned earlier, to localities having population 1,000 or more (according to the 2000 Census) and to the 20 largest localities in each district.

The treatment population included all localities within 120 minutes estimated travel time of the nearest MiDA program road, and the control population included all localities located more than 120 minutes estimated travel time from the nearest MiDA program road. (The estimated travel times were calculated using a GIS model of the Ghana road network (documented separately).) This resulted in resulted in population sizes of 675 treatment units and 848 control units. Sampling was restricted to all of the country except Western Region.

Matching was based on a number of variables, including population, travel time to Accra, travel time to the nearest MiDA feeder road, and physiographic data.

The sample localities occur at all distances from the program roads, since it was desired to have substantial variation in the travel time to the program roads.

Because of the sample design process, the sample has reasonable spread, balance and orthogonality for a large number of design variables. Also, the sample includes a control sample for which the units are individually matched to units in the treatment sample. The sample will be a very good one for use in estimating an analytical model showing the relationship of program impact (price changes) to the Ghana MiDA feeder-road improvements, and for estimating a double-difference estimate of program impact.

Sampling deviation

Of the 308 sampled localities only one locality was removed from the sample because we were unable to locate it. This locality, Choo #0155, was not located and was removed along with its matching pair, Sabiye #0159. These localities were replaced with Suame #0812 and Ogbodzo #1264. All other localities were located and surveyed.

Mode of data collection

Face-to-face [f2f]

Research instrument

During the initial visit the NORC FM identified a subset of items on the GLSS surveys to identify and price in the market. This initial pricing and observation allowed for a detailed understanding of the impediments interviewers may encounter during data collection. After observing local conditions the NORC FM met with his counterparts on the local subcontractor team (Pentax Management and Consulting) to carry out an item by item review of the GLSS survey. Through this review NORC and Pentax were able to refine the GLSS survey to meet the needs of the current study. Standard weights and product types were identified for the majority of products, non important items were deleted in order to reduce the time of the survey, and possible fielding issues were discussed with resolutions identified.

The three questionnaires are attached to this document - one for the pricing of goods, one for the pricing of tariff and passenger costs, and one for collecting information on the locality.

Cleaning operations

Data editing was done in the field by supervisors, and double data entry was carried out by Pentax. After receiving data from Pentax, NORC assisted with reconciliation between the first and second entries. After reconciling the data, NORC carried out significant data cleaning, including some imputation of values for missing observations. For a detailed explanation of data editing and cleaning, please refer to the attached “Phase 1, Baseline Findings” report. For the raw dataset receioved by NORC from Pentax, see the attached "Raw Data". For SPSS scripts detailing cleaning done on the dataset, see "SPSS Scripts".

The type of food and non-alcoholic beverages in Ghana which achieved the highest consumer price index (CPI) as of July 2023 were tea, maté, and other plant products for infusion, reaching 307.2 points. This subgroup was followed by cocoa drinks, with 240.9 points. As of the same date, fruits and nuts registered the lowest CPI in the country.

Ghana PPI: Weights: Mfg: Food Products and Beverages: Dairy Products data was reported at 4.310 % in 2022. This stayed constant from the previous number of 4.310 % for 2021. Ghana PPI: Weights: Mfg: Food Products and Beverages: Dairy Products data is updated yearly, averaging 4.310 % from Dec 2014 (Median) to 2022, with 9 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 4.310 % in 2022 and a record low of 4.310 % in 2022. Ghana PPI: Weights: Mfg: Food Products and Beverages: Dairy Products data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Ghana Statistical Service. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Ghana – Table GH.I014: Producer Price Index: Weights: September 2006=100.

187 Global export shipment records of Food,items with prices, volume & current Buyer's suppliers relationships based on actual Global export trade database.

694 Global export shipment records of Food with prices, volume & current Buyer's suppliers relationships based on actual Global export trade database.

1687 Global import shipment records of Frozen Food Product with prices, volume & current Buyer's suppliers relationships based on actual Global export trade database.

In 2023, agricultural products worth nearly **** billion U.S. dollars were exported from Ghana. In comparison to 2022, this represents a slight decrease in the export value. Generally, the value of agricultural exports from Ghana fluctuated during the period observed.

Ghana Core Inflation Rate: excl Energy, Utility and All Food Items: 2021=100 data was reported at 6.200 % in Oct 2025. This records a decrease from the previous number of 7.500 % for Sep 2025. Ghana Core Inflation Rate: excl Energy, Utility and All Food Items: 2021=100 data is updated monthly, averaging 25.660 % from Jan 2019 (Median) to Oct 2025, with 82 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 54.400 % in Dec 2022 and a record low of 5.520 % in Jan 2019. Ghana Core Inflation Rate: excl Energy, Utility and All Food Items: 2021=100 data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Bank of Ghana. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Ghana – Table GH.I010: Core Inflation Rates.

6201 Global import shipment records of Foods with prices, volume & current Buyer's suppliers relationships based on actual Global export trade database.

Credit report of Wfp Ghana World Food Programme contains unique and detailed export import market intelligence with it's phone, email, Linkedin and details of each import and export shipment like product, quantity, price, buyer, supplier names, country and date of shipment.

Ghana's total Imports in 2023 were valued at US$16.39 Billion, according to the United Nations COMTRADE database on international trade. Ghana's main import partners were: China, the Netherlands and India. The top three import commodities were: Mineral fuels, oils, distillation products; Machinery, nuclear reactors, boilers and Vehicles other than railway, tramway. Total Exports were valued at US$16.87 Billion. In 2023, Ghana had a trade surplus of US$480.29 Million.

The Ghana Agriculture Market Report is Segmented by Commodity Type (Cereals and Grains, Oilseeds and Pulses, and More). The Report Provides Production Analysis (Volume), Consumption Analysis (Value and Volume), Import Analysis (Value and Volume), Export Analysis (Value and Volume), and Price Trend Analysis. The Market Forecasts are Provided in Terms of Value (USD) and Volume (Metric Tons).

The Ghana fruits and vegetables market, valued at $950 million in 2025, exhibits robust growth potential, projected to expand at a Compound Annual Growth Rate (CAGR) of 5.90% from 2025 to 2033. This positive trajectory is driven by several key factors. Increasing urbanization leads to higher disposable incomes and a shift towards convenient, healthy food options, boosting demand for fresh produce. Government initiatives promoting agriculture and food security, including investments in irrigation and infrastructure, further stimulate market growth. Furthermore, a growing awareness of the health benefits associated with fruit and vegetable consumption fuels consumer preference for these products. The market also benefits from a burgeoning food processing and export sector, creating new avenues for value addition and market expansion. However, challenges persist, including limited access to modern farming techniques among smallholder farmers, post-harvest losses due to inadequate storage and transportation facilities, and seasonal variations in supply affecting price stability. Segmentation within the Ghanaian fruits and vegetables market reveals a dynamic landscape. While precise data on individual segments (vegetables and fruits) is unavailable, a reasonable estimation, considering the CAGR and overall market size, suggests a relatively balanced distribution between the fruit and vegetable categories. For example, both fruits and vegetables could account for approximately $475 million in 2025. Further granular segmentation by type (e.g., specific fruits like mangoes, pineapples, and vegetables like tomatoes, onions) would reveal additional market dynamics. The competitive landscape is comprised of both large-scale commercial farms and a significant number of smallholder farmers, each contributing to supply chains of varying efficiency and scale. Regional disparities in production and consumption patterns also significantly impact market dynamics, with some areas benefiting from higher yields and demand compared to others. Addressing these challenges through improved infrastructure, technology transfer, and sustainable agricultural practices will be critical for unlocking the full growth potential of this market. Notable trends are: High Regional Trade and Establishment of Fruit Processing Units.