In December 2024, the average house price in England was pricier than in any other country. This considerable disparity in average house prices is in no small part down to the country's capital city, where the average asking price was more than double that of the UK’s average. Even in London, for those who can afford a mortgage, the savings made through buying over renting can be beneficial. What drives house prices? Average house prices are affected by several factors, including economic growth, unemployment, and interest rates. Housing supply also plays a considerable role, with a shortage of supply leading to increased competition and an upward push in prices. Conversely, an excess of housing means prices fall to stimulate buyers. House prices still set to grow The housing market in the UK is expected to continue to grow in the next years. By 2029,.the annual number of housing transactions is set to reach *** million. With transactions on the rise, the average house price is also set to rise.

Summary of UK House Price Index (HPI) price statistics covering England, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland. Full UK HPI data are available on GOV.UK.

Terraced houses were the most affordable type of housing in England and Wales in 2024. Buying a terraced house cost approximately 291,000 British pounds—almost half of the average price of a detached house. House prices have risen steadily since 1986, with growth accelerating between 2019 and 2024. In just 10 years, home prices have more than doubled. Overall, newly built housing was more affordable than existing housing in the UK in 2024.

House prices in England have increased notably in the last 10 years, despite a slight decline in 2023. In December 2024, London retained its position as the most expensive regional market, with the average house price at ******* British pounds. According to the UK regional house price index, Northern Ireland saw the highest increase in house prices since 2023.

In 2022, house price growth in the UK slowed, after a period of decade-long increase. Nevertheless, in June 2025, prices reached a new peak, with the average home costing ******* British pounds. This figure refers to all property types, including detached, semi-detached, terraced houses, and flats and maisonettes. Compared to other European countries, the UK had some of the highest house prices. How have UK house prices increased over the last 10 years? Property prices have risen dramatically over the past decade. According to the UK house price index, the average house price has grown by over ** percent since 2015. This price development has led to the gap between the cost of buying and renting a property to close. In 2023, buying a three-bedroom house in the UK was no longer more affordable than renting one. Consequently, Brits have become more likely to rent longer and push off making a house purchase until they have saved up enough for a down payment and achieved the financial stability required to make the step. What caused the recent fluctuations in house prices? House prices are affected by multiple factors, such as mortgage rates, supply, and demand on the market. For nearly a decade, the UK experienced uninterrupted house price growth as a result of strong demand and a chronic undersupply. Homebuyers who purchased a property at the peak of the housing boom in July 2022 paid ** percent more compared to what they would have paid a year before. Additionally, 2022 saw the most dramatic increase in mortgage rates in recent history. Between December 2021 and December 2022, the **-year fixed mortgage rate doubled, adding further strain to prospective homebuyers. As a result, the market cooled, leading to a correction in pricing.

In 2024, detached houses were the most expensive type of dwelling in the United Kingdom, at an average price of 487,000 British pounds. Flats or maisonettes in converted houses, on the other hand, cost on average 282,000 British pounds, making them 215,000 British pounds less expensive than detached houses or 62,000 British pounds less than the average for all dwelling types. Prices also varied for new and existing housing, with existing properties fetching higher prices, on average.

UK house prices since 1953 as monthly time-series. Data comes from the Nationwide.

Data can be found in the data/data.csv file. See datapackage.json for source info.

Source: http://www.nationwide....

Median price paid for residential property in England and Wales, by property type and administrative geographies. Annual data.

Last updated on 22 Feb 2025

Introduction

This dataset provides comprehensive information on property sales in England and Wales, sourced from the UK government's HM Land Registry. Although the government site claims to update on the same day each month, actual updates can vary. To bridge this update variation gap, our fully automated ETL pipeline retrieves the official government data on a daily basis. This ensures that the dataset always reflects the most current transaction data available.

ETL Process

Our ETL (Extract, Transform, Load) process is designed to automate the data update and publishing workflow: 1. Extract:
The pipeline uses web scraping to retrieve the latest data from the official government website. This step is necessary as the site does not offer an API. 2. Transform:
Before loading the data, the ETL pipeline processes the dataset to ensure consistency and usability. As part of the transformation stage, the first column (Transaction_unique_identifier) is removed. This column is dropped during staging to focus on the most relevant transactional information. The column removal successfully reduces the data file size from almost 6GB to 3.1GB, and therefore will greatly increase the data analysis efficiency, and reduces the chance of kernal error/restart. 3. Load:
Finally, the transformed data is loaded into the dataset.

The transformed data is loaded into the dataset in two parts: - Complete Data (pp-complete.csv): This file encompasses all records from January 1995 to the present. The complete data file is replaced during each update to reflect any corrections or additional historical data. The first column is price. - Monthly Data: A separate monthly file is amended each month. This monthly archive ensures a complete record of updates over time, allowing users to track changes and trends more granularly.

Summary of Results

The dataset (pp-complete.csv) contains records of property sales dating back to January 1995, up to the most recent monthly data. It covers various types of transactions—from residential to commercial properties—providing a holistic view of the real estate market in England and Wales.

Column Descriptions

The original data includes the following columns: - Transaction_unique_identifier
- price
- Date_of_Transfer
- postcode
- Property_Type
- Old/New
- Duration
- PAON
- SAON
- Street
- Locality
- Town/City
- District
- County
- PPDCategory_Type
- Record_Status - monthly_file_only

Note: As part of the transformation process, the Transaction_unique_identifier column is removed from the final published pp-complete.csv data file. Therefore the first column of the pp-complete.csv file is price.

Address data Explanation - Postcode: The postal code where the property is located. - PAON (Primary Addressable Object Name): Typically the house number or name. - SAON (Secondary Addressable Object Name): Additional information if the building is divided into flats or sub-buildings. - Street: The street name where the property is located. - Locality: Additional locality information. - Town/City: The town or city where the property is located. - District: The district in which the property resides. - County: The county where the property is located. - Price Paid: The price for which the property was sold.

Legal and Ethical Considerations

Ownership and Attribution This dataset is the property of HM Land Registry and is released under the Open Government Licence (OGL). If you use or publish this dataset, you are required to include the following attribution statement:

>"Contains HM Land Registry data © Crown copyright and database right 2021. This data is licensed under the Open Government Licence v3.0."

Usage Guidelines

The data can be used for both commercial and non-commercial purposes.

The OGL does not cover third-party rights, which HM Land Registry is not authorized to license. For any other use of the Address Data, you must contact Royal Mail.

Suggested Usages

Market Trend Analysis: Understand the ups and downs of the property market over time. Investment Research: Identify potential areas for property investment. Academic Studies: Use the data for economic research and studies related to the housing market. Policy Making: Assist government agencies in making informed decisions regarding housing policies. Real Estate Apps: Integrate the data into apps that provide property price information services.

By using this dataset, you agree to abide by the terms and conditions as specified by HM Land Registry. Failure to do so may result in legal consequences.

This repository is the fourth updated version of the attribute-linked residential property price dataset in the UK Data Service ReShare (854240) (https://reshare.ukdataservice.ac.uk/854240/). This dataset contains individual property transactions and associated variables from both Land Registry Price Paid Dataset (LR PPD) and the Department for Levelling Up, Housing and Communities (DLUHC, formerly MHCLG) Domestic Energy Performance Certificate (EPC) data. It is a linked dataset produced by address matching between LR PPD data (1/1/1995–31/10/2024) and Domestic EPC data (up to 31/10/2024). It is the full version of the 2024 update of the dataset published in the Greater London Authority (GLA) London Datastore (https://data.london.gov.uk/dataset/house-price-per-square-metre-in-england-and-wales).

The linked dataset (tranall_link_26122024) provided here is the initial, uncleaned version, intended to offer maximum flexibility for users to clean the data according to their research purposes. This linked dataset records over 22 million transactions with 106 variables across England and Wales, covering the period from 01/01/1995 to 31/10/2024. We have provided technical validation and data cleaning code in UKDA ReShare 854240 to help users evaluate the data structure and perform their own cleaning. There is no single way to clean this raw linked dataset, so we encourage users to develop their own cleaning process based on their research needs. This repository also includes the original Land Registry Price Paid Data (LR PPD) and Domestic EPCs used to create the linked dataset (house price per square metre dataset). Unlike previous versions, this updated dataset no longer includes the id variable (created by the authors). Instead, for the first time, both the Domestic EPCs and the linked dataset retain the LMK_KEY variable, which originates from the Domestic EPCs dataset. This change was made because LMK_KEY serves as a unique identifier, with no duplicate records since 2024. Five address-related variables from the original Domestic EPCs dataset(ADDRESS1, ADDRESS2, ADDRESS3, POSTCODE, and ADDRESS) have been removed from the EPC data in this repository. The priceper and classt variables were created by the authors and can be found in the linked dataset (tranall_link_26122024.zip). A detailed explanation of these fields is available on the GLA London Datastore (https://data.london.gov.uk/dataset/house-price-per-square-metre-in-england-and-wales). The lad23cd field originates from the NSPL dataset. Since November 2021, DLUHC has published Domestic EPCs with the Unique Property Reference Number (UPRN). As a result, both the EPC and the full linked dataset in this repository include UPRN information from the Domestic EPCs

Annual house price data based on a sub-sample of the Regulated Mortgage Survey.

This dataset contains a cleaned and enhanced version of publicly available UK housing transaction data, sourced from HM Land Registry. It covers housing sales across England, Wales, Scotland, and Northern Ireland from 2000 to 2023.

The dataset is preprocessed for immediate use in machine learning, statistical analysis, and data storytelling tasks. Here’s your UK Housing Dataset Column Descriptor, followed by where and how to apply it in Hugging Face or Kaggle:

Column Descriptions (for cleaned_uk_housing_prices.csv)

| price_per_sqm | Float | Estimated price per square meter (if available) | | log_price | Float | Log-transformed sale price (useful for ML models) |

This is the unadjusted median house priced for residential property sales (transactions) in the area for a 12 month period with April in the middle (year-ending September). These figures have been produced by the ONS (Office for National Statistics) using the Land Registry (LR) Price Paid data on residential dwelling transactions.

The LR Price Paid data are comprehensive in that they capture changes of ownership for individual residential properties which have sold for full market value and covers both cash sales and those involving a mortgage.

The median is the value determined by putting all the house sales for a given year, area and type in order of price and then selecting the price of the house sale which falls in the middle. The median is less susceptible to distortion by the presence of extreme values than is the mean. It is the most appropriate average to use because it best takes account of the skewed distribution of house prices.

Note that a transaction occurs when a change of freeholder or leaseholder takes place regardless of the amount of money involved and a property can transact more than once in the time period.

The LR records the actual price for which the property changed hands. This will usually be an accurate reflection of the market value for the individual property, but it is not always the case. In order to generate statistics that more accurately reflect market values, the LR has excluded records of houses that were not sold at market value from the dataset. The remaining data are considered a good reflection of market values at the time of the transaction. For full details of exclusions and more information on the methodology used to produce these statistics please see http://www.ons.gov.uk/peoplepopulationandcommunity/housing/qmis/housepricestatisticsforsmallareasqmi

The LR Price Paid data are not adjusted to reflect the mix of houses in a given area. Fluctuations in the types of house that are sold in that area can cause differences between the median transactional value of houses and the overall market value of houses. Therefore these statistics differ to the new UK House Price Index (HPI) which reports mix-adjusted average house prices and house price indices.

If, for a given year, for house type and area there were fewer than 5 sales records in the LR Price Paid data, the house price statistics are not reported. Data is Powered by LG Inform Plus and automatically checked for new data on the 3rd of each month.

The monthly house price index in London has increased since 2015, albeit with fluctuation. In August 2025, the index reached 99.1, which is a slight decrease from the same month in 2024. Nevertheless, prices widely varied in different London boroughs, with Kensington and Chelsea being the priciest boroughs for an apartment purchase.

this dataset shows the average price of houses and their year % change for April2011 to April2012. Data is displayed at the Euro region for England and Wales. Dat was sourced from the land registry (http://www.landregistry.gov.uk/public/house-prices-and-sales) and combined with data released under the OS Open data agreement. GIS vector data. This dataset was first accessioned in the EDINA ShareGeo Open repository on 2012-06-29 and migrated to Edinburgh DataShare on 2017-02-21.

The UK house price index (UK HPI) represents changes in the value of UK residential properties (i.e., detached houses, semi-detached houses, terraced houses, flats and maisonettes) and indicates trends in the UK housing market. The UK HPI applies a hedonic regression model that utilises the various sources of data on property price (e.g., HM Land Registry's Price Paid dataset) to allow for a true comparison of UK property prices in each period. The data is sourced from the Office for National Statistics (ONS) and HM Land Registry, using house sales data from HM Land Registry, Registers of Scotland, and Land and Property Services Northern Ireland. Forecast data is estimated by IBISWorld, with reference to Office for Budget Responsibility (OBR) forecasts submitted in its 'Economic and fiscal outlook – March 2022' publication. The figures are presented with a base month in 2015 (i.e., January 2015 = 100) and are averages of the UK HPI over each financial year (i.e., April-March).

The Nationwide average UK house price increased during the period under observation, reaching a value of over 272,751 British pounds as of the second quarter of 2025. During the same quarter in 2015, the average house price stood at 194,258 British pounds.

This dataset contains the ratio of lower quartile/median house price to lower quartile/median earnings in England