The 2025 annual OPEC oil price stood at 78.1 U.S. dollars per barrel, as of February. This would be lower than the 2024 average, which amounted to 79.86 U.S. dollars. The abbreviation OPEC stands for Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries and includes Algeria, Angola, Congo, Equatorial Guinea, Gabon, Iraq, Iran, Kuwait, Libya, Nigeria, Saudi Arabia, Venezuela, and the United Arab Emirates. The aim of the OPEC is to coordinate the oil policies of its member states. It was founded in 1960 in Baghdad, Iraq. The OPEC Reference Basket The OPEC crude oil price is defined by the price of the so-called OPEC (Reference) basket. This basket is an average of prices of the various petroleum blends that are produced by the OPEC members. Some of these oil blends are, for example: Saharan Blend from Algeria, Basra Light from Iraq, Arab Light from Saudi Arabia, BCF 17 from Venezuela, et cetera. By increasing and decreasing its oil production, OPEC tries to keep the price between a given maxima and minima. Benchmark crude oil The OPEC basket is one of the most important benchmarks for crude oil prices worldwide. Other significant benchmarks are UK Brent, West Texas Intermediate (WTI), and Dubai Crude (Fateh). Because there are many types and grades of oil, such benchmarks are indispensable for referencing them on the global oil market. The 2024 fall in prices was the result of weakened demand outlooks, primarily from China.

On March 24, 2025, the Brent crude oil price stood at 73.05 U.S. dollars per barrel, compared to 69.11 U.S. dollars for WTI oil and 75.11 U.S. dollars for the OPEC basket. These were slight increases compared to the previous weeks, which had seen some of the lowest prices in four years.Europe's Brent crude oil, the U.S. WTI crude oil, and OPEC's basket are three of the most important benchmarks used by traders as reference for oil and gasoline prices. Lowest ever oil prices during coronavirus pandemic In 2020, the coronavirus pandemic resulted in crude oil prices hitting a major slump as oil demand drastically declined following lockdowns and travel restrictions. Initial outlooks and uncertainty surrounding the course of the pandemic brought about a disagreement between two of the largest oil producers, Russia and Saudi Arabia, in early March. Bilateral talks between global oil producers ended in agreement on April 13th, with promises to cut petroleum output and hopes rising that these might help stabilize the oil price in the coming weeks. However, with storage facilities and oil tankers quickly filling up, fears grew over where to store excess oil, leading to benchmark prices seeing record negative prices between April 20 and April 22, 2020. How crude oil prices are determined As with most commodities, crude oil prices are impacted by supply and demand, as well as inventories and market sentiment. However, as oil is most often traded in future contracts (whereby a contract is agreed upon, while the product delivery will follow in the next two to three months), market speculation is one of the principal determinants for oil prices. Traders make conclusions on how production output and consumer demand will likely develop over the coming months, leaving room for uncertainty. Spot prices differ from futures in so far as they reflect the current market price of a commodity.

Oil prices decline amid market sell-offs, US tariff measures, and geopolitical tensions. Learn about contributing factors like OPEC+ plans, China's fuel focus shift, and the strong US dollar.

On April 20th, 2020, the price of West Texas Intermediate crude oil slumped into negative for the first time in history, falling to negative 37.63 U.S. dollars per barrel. The ongoing coronavirus pandemic has had a catastrophic impact on the global oil and gas industry. Declining consumer demand and high levels of production output are threatening to exceed oil storage capacities, which resulted in the lowest ever oil prices noted between April 20th and April 22nd.

For further information about the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic, please visit our dedicated Fact and Figures page.

Oil prices have steadied, following their first drop in six sessions, amidst signs of an overbought market and possible production increases from OPEC+ impacting global dynamics.

As of February 2025, the average annual price of Brent crude oil stood at 77.36 U.S. dollars per barrel. This is some three U.S. dollars lower than the 2024 average. Brent is the world's leading price benchmark for Atlantic basin crude oils. Crude oil is one of the most closely observed commodity prices as it influences costs across all stages of the production process and consequently alters the price of consumer goods as well. What determines crude oil benchmarks? In the past decade, crude oil prices have been especially volatile. Their inherent inelasticity regarding short-term changes in demand and supply means that oil prices are erratic by nature. However, since the 2009 financial crisis, many commercial developments have greatly contributed to price volatility; such as economic growth by BRIC countries like China and India, and the advent of hydraulic fracturing and horizontal drilling in the U.S. The outbreak of the coronavirus pandemic and the Russia-Ukraine war are examples of geopolitical events dictating prices. Light crude oils - Brent and WTI Brent Crude is considered a classification of sweet light crude oil and acts as a benchmark price for oil around the world. It is considered a sweet light crude oil due to its low sulfur content and a low density and may be easily refined into gasoline. This oil originates in the North Sea and comprises several different oil blends, including Brent Blend and Ekofisk crude. Often, this crude oil is refined in Northwest Europe. Another sweet light oil often referenced alongside UK Brent is West Texas Intermediate (WTI). WTI oil prices amounted to 76.55 U.S. dollars per barrel in 2024.

Scott Sheffield warns US shale industry of potential crude price drop to $50-$60, advising focus on efficiency and strategic adaptation for profitability.

In February 2025, the price for one barrel of West Texas Intermediate (WTI) crude oil averaged 71.53 U.S. dollars. This was a decrease compared to the previous month amid continued weak demand outlooks and expectations for production increases. WTI and other benchmark crudes WTI is also known as "Texas light sweet", and is a grade of crude oil used as a benchmark for oil produced in the United States. It has an API gravity of around 39.6 and specific gravity of about 0.827, which, relative to other crude oils, is considered “light,” hence the name. WTI also contains about 0.24 percent sulfur, making it a “sweet” crude oil. The price of WTI can be compared to the prices other of crude oils, i.e. UK Brent, the OPEC basket, and Dubai Fateh oil. WTI crude oil is the underlying commodity of the Chicago Mercantile Exchange’s oil futures contracts. U.S. oil production and its influence on light oil prices The price development of WTI crude oil relative to Brent crude oil has been influenced by variances in U.S. crude oil transportation and increased U.S. oil production. New transportation infrastructure became operational in early 2013, easing the movement of crude oil in the mid-continent and raising the price of WTI. Since then, U.S. refineries have increased production of crude oil to record levels, also raising the price of WTI. Meanwhile, expedited crude transport in the U.S. put downward pressure on Brent crude oil as domestic crude replaced some imported Brent crude. Between 2014 and 2016, UK Brent prices dropped rapidly, as was the case for all other crude oils.

In May 2023, the price of Crude Palm Oil reached $1,074 per ton (CIF, United Kingdom), showing a decrease of -3.3% compared to the previous month.

This article explores the significant fluctuations in crude oil prices over the last 10 years, influenced by various factors such as global economic conditions, political events, supply and demand dynamics, and market speculation. It examines the peak in mid-2014, the decline in 2015-2016, the partial stabilization in 2017-2018, and the period of decline in 2018-2019. The article also discusses the unprecedented challenges faced by the oil market in 2020 due to the covid-19 pandemic, leading to historic low

The peanut oil prices in the India for Q4 2023 reached 1922 USD/MT in December. Initially, prices dropped due to increased supply and cheaper alternatives. However, rising inflation and input costs pushed prices up upward during the quarter's end. Additionally, growing international demand strained local supplies, impacting domestic pricing trends.

Peanut Oil Prices December 2023

Explore IMARC’s newly published report, titled “Peanut Oil Pricing Report {PricingCurrentYear}: Price Trend, Chart, Market Analysis, News, Demand, Historical and Forecast Data,” offers an in-depth analysis of peanut oil pricing, covering an analysis of global and regional market trends and the critical factors driving these price movements.

This graph shows the results of a YouGov opinion poll asking United States-based respondents about the impact of falling oil and gas prices on the U.S. economy. During the August 2015 survey, 58 percent of respondents said that falling oil and gasoline prices were a good thing for the economy.

Oil prices fell due to weak demand signals from China, the world's largest oil importer, affecting recent market gains.

The naphtha prices in the USA for Q4 2023 reached 563 USD/MT in December. In Q4 2023, the USA's naphtha market experienced a bearish trend, driven by falling crude oil prices, which made production more affordable. Despite stable demand, concerns over inflation control contributed to the price decline. The market faced potential transportation challenges due to winter conditions, but supply remained steady throughout the quarter, with no major disruptions.

Naphtha Prices December 2023

Explore IMARC’s newly published report, titled “Naphtha Pricing Report 2024: Price Trend, Chart, Market Analysis, News, Demand, Historical and Forecast Data,” offers an in-depth analysis of naphtha pricing, covering an analysis of global and regional market trends and the critical factors driving these price movements.

In 2023, approx. 9.4M tons of crude petroleum oil were imported into Portugal; dropping by -4.4% compared with 2022 figures.

In May 2023, the price of Crude Coconut Oil was $1,142 per ton (CIF, Netherlands), showing a decrease of -4.4% compared to the previous month.

Brent crude oil is projected to have an average annual spot price of 74.5 U.S. dollars per barrel in 2025, according to a forecast from February 2025. This would mean a decrease of six U.S. dollars compared to the previous year, and also reflects a reduced forecast WTI crude oil price. All about Brent Also known as Brent Blend, London Brent, and Brent petroleum, Brent Crude is a crude oil benchmark named after the exploration site in the North Sea's Brent oilfield. It is a sweet light crude oil but slightly heavier than West Texas Intermediate. In this context, sweet refers to a low sulfur content and light refers to a relatively low density when compared to other crude oil benchmarks. Price development in the 2020s Oil prices are volatile, impacted by consumer demand and discoveries of new oilfields, new extraction methods such as fracking, and production caps routinely placed by OPEC on its member states. The price for Brent crude oil stood at an average of just 42 U.S. dollars in 2020, when the coronavirus pandemic resulted in a sudden demand drop. Two years later, sanctions on Russian energy imports, had pushed up prices to a new decade-high, above 100 U.S. dollars per barrel.

The global oil and gas market has undergone profound changes during the past year, in the face of the rapid decline in global crude oil prices. By February 2016, prices for Brent crude dropped to US$32 a barrel, having been on a downward trend since late 2013 when they were around US$110 a barrel. This fall greatly disrupted investment plans in new construction projects, both at country and company level.
Mature oil-producing countries, such as those in the Gulf Co-operation Council (GCC), have reduced their investment in oil and gas construction projects as continually high production keeps oil prices at a low level. The recent agreement between Saudi Arabia and Russia to peg back production to January levels is unlikely to have an inflationary effect on prices until other producers, such as Iran, become involved. Iran is again supplying oil and gas to the market after long-term sanctions were lifted, so a reduction in supply does not align with its economic strategy.
In the past few years, countries outside the Middle East have recorded the fastest growth in production and investment in oil and gas projects. Canada, with its exploitation of its huge oil sands resources to produce oil, and the US, with growth in its oil and gas industry prior to the oil price collapse, have asserted themselves, along with Russia, as leading suppliers in the industry. Read More

Discover the historical periods of extremely low crude oil prices and their effects on the global economy, oil-producing countries, and the oil industry. From the 1980s to the late 1990s and early 2000s, and the recent unprecedented drop in 2020 due to the COVID-19 pandemic.

According to Cognitive Market Research, the global Commercial Aircraft Aviation Fuel market size will be USD XX million in 2023. It will expand at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 15.20% from 2023 to 2030.

The demand for Commercial Aircraft Aviation Fuel is rising due to increasing focus on reducing carbon emissions.
Demand for air turbine fuel remains higher in the Commercial aircraft aviation fuel market.
The passenger aircraft category held the highest Commercial Aircraft Aviation Fuel market revenue share in 2023.
North American Commercial Aircraft Aviation Fuel will continue to lead, whereas the European Commercial Aircraft Aviation Fuel market will experience the most substantial growth until 2030.

Expansion of the Tourism Industry to Provide Viable Market Output

The expansion of tourism is influencing the market's growth. The surge in global tourism has led to a rise in air travel demand, subsequently driving the need for aviation fuel. As more people explore diverse destinations, airlines are compelled to increase their fleets and flights, increasing fuel consumption. Additionally, emerging economies witnessing a boost in tourism further amplify this trend. The expansion of the tourism sector acts as a key driver, stimulating investments and innovations in aviation fuel technology to meet the escalating requirements of the growing commercial airline industry.

For instance, According to the World Tourism Organization, a specialized agency of the United Nations (UN), tourist arrivals in Maldives in January 2021 stood at 92,103. This count rose to 99,397 by 3rd February 2021. The growing count of tourists is creating promising scope for the aviation industry.

Source-www.unwto.org/maldives-tourism-looking-up-after-reopening

Increased Development of Jet-a-fuels to Propel Market Growth

The development of jet-a-fuels has significantly impacted the Commercial aircraft aviation fuel market. Jet-A fuels are undergoing advancements to enhance fuel efficiency, reduce carbon emissions, and comply with stringent environmental regulations. These innovations focus on improving the energy density of fuels, exploring alternative and renewable sources, and optimizing combustion processes. The rise in demand for cleaner and more sustainable aviation fuels, coupled with a global emphasis on reducing the environmental impact of air travel, is compelling the industry to invest in research and development, thereby fostering the evolution of Jet-A fuels for a more eco-friendly aviation future.

For instance, in June 2021, researchers at Washington State University developed a process for turning waste plastics into sustainable jet-A fuel. If the process is refined and applied on a large scale, the procedure is expected to address major environmental problems, including greenhouse gas emissions and plastic pollution.

Source-news.wsu.edu/press-release/2021/05/17/new-technology-converts-waste-plastics-jet-fuel-hour/

Market Dynamics of the Commercial Aircraft Aviation Fuel Market

Fluctuation in Oil Prices to Restrict Market Growth

The fluctuation in oil prices hinders the growth of the market. The industry is highly sensitive to changes in crude oil prices, affecting the overall operational costs for airlines. Frequent spikes in oil prices can lead to increased expenses for fuel, impacting profit margins and necessitating adjustments in ticket prices. Conversely, a decline in oil prices may provide temporary relief but can disrupt long-term planning and investments in fuel-efficient technologies. The unpredictable nature of oil price fluctuations introduces financial uncertainties, making it challenging for airlines to budget effectively and potentially hindering the adoption of sustainable aviation fuel alternatives.

Impact of COVID–19 on the Commercial Aircraft Aviation Fuel market

The COVID-19 pandemic significantly affected the Commercial Aircraft Aviation Fuel market. The unprecedented decline in air travel demand led to reduced flight operations, impacting the aviation fuel sector. Airlines faced financial challenges, resulting in fleet groundings and delayed deliveries of new aircraft. It led to a surplus of aviation fuel, causing a price drop. Governments implemented travel restrictions and lockdowns, further exacerbating the industry's woes. As the world strives for recovery, the aviation fuel market is gradually rebounding, but uncertainties ...