In 2023, 43.51 percent of the workforce in India were employed in agriculture, while the other half was almost evenly distributed among the two other sectors, industry and services. While the share of Indians working in agriculture is declining, it is still the main sector of employment. A BRIC powerhouseTogether with Brazil, Russia, and China, India makes up the four so-called BRIC countries. They are the four fastest-growing emerging countries dubbed BRIC, an acronym, by Jim O’Neill at Goldman Sachs. Being major economies themselves already, these four countries are said to be at a similar economic developmental stage -- on the verge of becoming industrialized countries -- and maybe even dominating the global economy. Together, they are already larger than the rest of the world when it comes to GDP and simple population figures. Among these four, India is ranked second across almost all key indicators, right behind China. Services on the riseWhile most of the Indian workforce is still employed in the agricultural sector, it is the services sector that generates most of the country’s GDP. In fact, when looking at GDP distribution across economic sectors, agriculture lags behind with a mere 15 percent contribution. Some of the leading services industries are telecommunications, software, textiles, and chemicals, and production only seems to increase – currently, the GDP in India is growing, as is employment.

In 2023, almost half of India’s GDP was generated by the services sector, a slight and steady increase over the last 10 years. Among the leading services industries in the country are telecommunications, IT, and software. The IT factorThe IT industry is a vital part of India’s economy, and in the fiscal year of 2016/2017, it generated about 8 percent of India’s GDP alone – a slight decrease from previous years, when it made up about 10 percent of the country’s economy. Nevertheless, the IT industry is growing, as is evident by its quickly increasing revenue and employment figures. IT includes software development, consulting, software management, and online services, and business process management (BPM). Employee migrationAlthough employment figures in IT, and thus in the services sector, are on the rise, most of the Indian workforce is still employed in agriculture, however, the figures show a trend pointing towards a reversal of this distribution. For now, the majority of Indians still do not live in cities – where IT jobs are generated – but urbanization is on the rise as well.

The dataset contains All India Employment Situation in India - Per 1000 Distribution of Usually Employed by Broad Groups of Industry for Various Rounds from Handbook of Statistics on Indian Economy.

Primary sector : Agriculture and allied activities Secondary sector : Mining, manufacture, electricity, gas,water, etc. and construction Tertiary sector : Trade, hotel and restuarant, Transport,storage and communication and Other services Note: 1. Data on NSS rounds 38, 43, 50, 55, 61, 66 and 68 relates to quinquennial rounds. 2: Data for July 2017-June 2018, pertain to the Periodic Labour Force Survey (PLFS), that accounts labour force estimates for both status (ps and ss).

Structural Change is the phenomenon witnessed by almost all the developing and the developed states in their journey towards a higher sustained economic growth. The rise in per capita income and the structural change are complementary to each other. A rise in per capita income reinforces structural change and structural change leads to the rise in the productive efficiency stimulating rise in the per capita income of the people. The paper analyses this phenomenon in the state of Bihar which has, of late, started ta witness a higher growth trajectory in its economy. Sourcing the data from the archival records of the various government agencies, the study found that the state of Bihar has mirrored the structural change being experienced by the economy of India. The share of the primary sector in the state's GSDP has drastically declined and is replaced by the services sector. This phenomenon is particularly ascribed to the rising share of trade, communications and the government led public spending in the construction sector. However, the state is not experiencing a balanced growth pattern in its economy; some districts have become more developed relative to the other districts. It has also been seen that due to the low economic base of the state, we cannot expect that the state's socio-economic indicators will converge sooner to the_ more developed states of India.

This dataset provides a comprehensive overview of the economic sectors and their contributions at the district level in India. It includes data on primary, secondary, and tertiary sectors, along with corresponding constant and current prices. The dataset covers various key indicators such as production values, sectoral shares, and per capita income.

The dataset encompasses information from multiple years, allowing for temporal analysis and tracking sectoral growth trends over time. It offers valuable insights into the economic landscape of different states and districts in India, enabling researchers, economists, and policymakers to study regional development, sectoral dynamics, and the overall economic performance of the country.

By exploring this dataset, users can gain a deeper understanding of the sectoral contributions, economic disparities, and socio-economic indicators across various districts in India. This dataset is a valuable resource for conducting data analysis, performing comparative studies, and visualizing the economic patterns and trends at the district level.

The gross value added from *********************************************** had the highest share in India in fiscal year 2025. The service sectors constituted a large chunk of GVA that year. Agriculture, the biggest employer in the country, stood at around ** percent that year.

Context

The overall goal of this EDA is to help the government focus on areas that will foster economic development for their respective states. Since the most common measure of economic development is the GDP, we will analyse the GDP of the various states of India and suggest ways to improve it. Analyse if there is any correlation of GDP per capita with dropout rates in education (primary, upper primary and secondary) for the year 2014-2015 for each state. Choose an appropriate plot to conduct this analysis.

Content

Gross domestic product (GDP) at current prices is the GDP at the market value of goods and services produced in a country during a year. Total GDP divided by the population gives the per capita GDP, which roughly measures the average value of goods and services produced per person.

Data

SGDP : The dataset consists of the GSDP (Gross State Domestic Product) data for the states and union territories.

NAD-* : This dataset contains the distribution of GSDP among three sectors: the primary sector (agriculture), the secondary sector (industry) and the tertiary sector (services) along with taxes and subsidies. There is separate dataset for each of the states

Dropout Rate : Dropout rates in education (primary, upper primary and secondary) for the year 2014-2015 for each state

The statistic shows the proportions of the economic sectors in the gross domestic product (GDP) in selected countries in 2024. In France, the agricultural sector accounted for 1.43 percent of the GDP in 2024.

This dataset contains** India**’s quarterly **Gross Domestic Product (GDP) **and Gross Value Added (GVA) from 2011–12 to 2022–23 (Q1), based on official releases from the Ministry of Statistics and Programme Implementation (MOSPI), Government of India. All values in this dataset are expressed in** Indian Rupees (₹) crore at constant 2011–12 prices**, ensuring that the figures are inflation-adjusted and comparable across years.

What the dataset includes

1. Sector-wise GVA

The dataset provides quarterly GVA values for major sectors of the Indian economy, including:

• Agriculture, forestry and fishing
• Mining and quarrying
• Manufacturing
• Electricity, gas, water supply and other utility services
• Construction
• Trade, hotels, transport, communication and services related to broadcasting
• Financial, real estate and professional services
• Public administration, defence and other services

These sectors represent the key components of India’s economic structure and their contribution to quarterly growth.

2. GDP Expenditure Components

The dataset also includes the primary expenditure-side components used to compute GDP:

• PFCE (Private Final Consumption Expenditure)
• GFCE (Government Final Consumption Expenditure)
• GFCF (Gross Fixed Capital Formation)
• CIS (Changes in Stocks)
• Valuables
• Exports of goods and services
• Imports of goods and services
• Discrepancies
• Aggregate GDP Each quarter provides a complete macroeconomic snapshot of the Indian economy.

CONTENT

The figures are based on GDP (Nominal) and sector composition ratios provided by the CIA World Fact Book. Agriculture includes farming, fishing, and forestry. Industry includes mining, manufacturing, energy production, and construction. Services cover government activities, communications, transportation, finance, and all other private economic activities that do not produce material goods.

CONTEXT

• Agriculture Sector : Agriculture Sector contributes 6.4 percent of total world's economic production. Total production of sector is $5,084,800 million. China is the largest contributer followed by India. China and India accounts for 19.49 and 7.39 percent of total global agricultural output. World's largest economy United States is at third place. Next in line come Brazil and Indonesia

• **Industry Sector : **With GDP of $23,835 billion, Industry Sector holds a share of 30% of total GDP nominal. China is the largest contributor followed by US. Japan is at 3rd and Germany is at 4th place. These four countries contributes 45.84 of total global industrial output.

• Services Sector : Services sector is the largest sector of the world as 63 percent of total global wealth comes from services sector. United States is the largest producer of services sector with around 15.53 trillion USD. Services sector is the leading sector in 201 countries/economies. 30 countries receive more than 80 percent of their GDP from services sector. Chad has lowest 27% contribution by services sector in its economy.

India IN: GDP: % of GDP: Gross Value Added: Agriculture, Forestry, and Fishing data was reported at 15.998 % in 2024. This records a decrease from the previous number of 16.639 % for 2023. India IN: GDP: % of GDP: Gross Value Added: Agriculture, Forestry, and Fishing data is updated yearly, averaging 27.320 % from Mar 1961 (Median) to 2024, with 64 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 42.752 % in 1968 and a record low of 15.998 % in 2024. India IN: GDP: % of GDP: Gross Value Added: Agriculture, Forestry, and Fishing data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s India – Table IN.World Bank.WDI: Gross Domestic Product: Share of GDP. Agriculture, forestry, and fishing corresponds to ISIC divisions 1-3 and includes forestry, hunting, and fishing, as well as cultivation of crops and livestock production. Value added is the net output of a sector after adding up all outputs and subtracting intermediate inputs. It is calculated without making deductions for depreciation of fabricated assets or depletion and degradation of natural resources. The origin of value added is determined by the International Standard Industrial Classification (ISIC), revision 4. Note: For VAB countries, gross value added at factor cost is used as the denominator.;World Bank national accounts data, and OECD National Accounts data files.;Weighted average;Note: Data for OECD countries are based on ISIC, revision 4.

IoT Circular Economy Platform Market Outlook

According to our latest research, the Global IoT Circular Economy Platform market size was valued at $3.2 billion in 2024 and is projected to reach $18.7 billion by 2033, expanding at a robust CAGR of 21.7% during the forecast period of 2025–2033. The primary factor fueling this impressive growth is the increasing integration of IoT technologies with circular economy principles, enabling organizations to enhance resource efficiency, reduce waste, and optimize asset utilization across various industries. As businesses and governments worldwide prioritize sustainability and resource conservation, demand for comprehensive IoT Circular Economy Platforms is accelerating, setting the stage for significant advancements and investments in this dynamic market.

Regional Outlook

North America currently holds the largest share of the global IoT Circular Economy Platform market, accounting for approximately 38% of total revenue in 2024. This region’s dominance is attributed to its mature technology landscape, robust digital infrastructure, and proactive regulatory policies that encourage sustainable business models. Leading economies such as the United States and Canada have been early adopters of IoT solutions, particularly in sectors like manufacturing, energy, and logistics, where circular economy initiatives can deliver substantial cost savings and environmental benefits. Moreover, the presence of major technology providers, strong venture capital ecosystems, and government incentives for green technology adoption further reinforce North America’s leadership. The region is also witnessing increasing collaboration between public and private sectors to drive innovation in circular economy platforms, ensuring continued market expansion over the coming years.

The Asia Pacific region is projected to be the fastest-growing market, with a remarkable CAGR exceeding 25% from 2025 to 2033. This growth is driven by rapid industrialization, urbanization, and rising environmental consciousness among both consumers and policymakers. Countries such as China, Japan, South Korea, and India are investing heavily in smart infrastructure and digital transformation, creating fertile ground for the adoption of IoT Circular Economy Platforms. Government-led sustainability initiatives, such as China’s push for green manufacturing and India’s Smart Cities Mission, are accelerating market penetration. Additionally, the region’s large manufacturing base and growing e-commerce sector are driving demand for advanced resource optimization, waste management, and supply chain solutions powered by IoT. The influx of foreign direct investment and strategic partnerships with global technology providers are further catalyzing market growth in Asia Pacific.

Emerging economies in Latin America and the Middle East & Africa are gradually recognizing the benefits of IoT-enabled circular economy solutions, but face unique adoption challenges. These include limited digital infrastructure, fragmented supply chains, and varying levels of regulatory support. However, localized demand is growing, particularly in sectors such as energy, agriculture, and urban development, where resource optimization is critical. Policy reforms and international development programs are beginning to support digital transformation and sustainability initiatives, but market growth remains somewhat constrained by skills shortages and capital limitations. Despite these hurdles, rising awareness of environmental issues and the increasing availability of affordable IoT solutions are expected to drive incremental growth in these regions over the forecast period.

Report Scope

Social Accounting Matrix for India 2017-18 accounts 112 sectors of Indian economy of which 39 sectors are accounted for agriculture and allied activities, 18 sectors are related to agriculture-based processing activities, 4 mining sectors, 24 manufacturing sectors other than agro-processing, 3 sectors related to utilities, 1 construction sector and 23 service sectors including transport and trade. The primary factor input has been classified into 8 types of labor, 4 types of capital, and one category of land. The categorization of labor is based on the level of education of the workers and geographical location i.e. rural and urban. The 4 types of capital are; crop, live animal, mining, and other financial capital. This SAM distinguishes households into three broad categories like rural farm households, rural non-farm households, and urban households. Households are further disaggregated into per capita expenditure quintiles. Therefore, this database is useful for scholars and policymakers who are interested to work on macroeconomic policy analysis for the Indian economy.

India's agriculture sector was the leading industry in terms of employment in the financial year 2023 with the number of employees tallying over *** million. Meanwhile, the mining industry recorded almost *** million employees. The services sector is the next big sector in India after agriculture. Challenges facing the agriculture sector Agriculture is the mainstay of India’s workforce. It employs over 42 percent of India’s population. However, it is the lowest contributor to the country’s GDP when compared to other major sectors. Despite being one of the largest producers of crops in the world, agricultural productivity remains low. Key issues impacting productivity include the decreasing size of landholdings, dependence on monsoons, inadequate access to irrigation, lack of access to credit and finance for marginal farmers, inadequate agricultural infrastructure, vulnerability to market volatility, and climate change, among others. Service sector: Key GDP contributor The service sector contributes a lion’s share to India’s GDP. Driven by investments and a skilled workforce, India has now positioned itself on the global stage for services. Information technology, financial services, and communications are the key performing subsectors within the service industry. However, the rising labor productivity in the sector has reduced the demand for labor. This gap in output and employment parallels the disproportionately larger share of the service sector in GDP than employment.

Description: Interviews with experts on women's economic empowerment and the blue economy in the Indian Ocean Rim were conducted. Although women have played an important economic role in the Indian Ocean for generations, they face a multitude of barriers to full economic inclusion in the Indian Ocean's Blue Economy. This qualitative dataset focuses on the Blue Economy as a vehicle for women’s economic empowerment. The initial target interviews were 10 but 8 interviews were conducted. The realisation rate is therefore 80%. Abstract: The Indian Ocean Rim Association (IORA) committed itself to a framework of gender equality through advancing women’s economic empowerment through the Blue Economy, and as such, Women’s Economic Empowerment and Blue Economy are cross-cutting issues across IORA’s Priority Areas (IORA, 2016, IORA 2018b). The vehicle through which to facilitate women’s economic empowerment in IORA is through the key sectors of the Blue Economy, as well as IORA’s key priority areas. To this effect, the notions of both the Blue Economy and Women’s Economic Empowerment are cross-cutting issues that inform IORA’s 2017 – 2021 Action Plan. The Foreign and Commonwealth Office has supported this research to provide IORA member states with technical assistance on the topic “Strengthening women’s economic empowerment in the Blue Economy, specifically in the Indian Ocean†. Specifically, the primary objective was to provide an outcome report that provides technical support on realising the cross-cutting themes of the Blue Economy and Women’s Economic Empowerment as per IORA’s Action Plan 2017 – 2021. This project required a three-pronged approach, drawing on policy analysis; qualitative key informant elite interviews; and quantitative analysis of existing databases, such as the World Bank’s Gender Data Portal to mine and analyse relevant data that speak to factors that impact on women’s economic empowerment within the space of the Blue Economy. Although women have played an important economic role in the Indian Ocean for generations, they face a multitude of barriers to full economic inclusion in the Indian Ocean’s Blue Economy. This qualitative dataset focuses on the Blue Economy as a vehicle for women’s economic empowerment. While the quantitative data will allow one to construct a baseline of women’s inclusion and participation in the Blue Economy, there is a need to engage with those “silent†or “invisible†challenges and opportunities that impact on women’s economic empowerment in the Indian Ocean’s Blue Economy. We used interviews to supplement the qualitative metasynthesis,policy analysis and quantitative analysis. isolate key themes that impact (whether positively or negatively) on women’s economic empowerment in the Indian Ocean’s Blue Economy.

Abstract

The Annual Survey of Industries (ASI) is the principal source of industrial statistics in India. It provides statistical information to assess changes in the growth, composition and structure of organised manufacturing sector comprising activities related to manufacturing processes, repair services, gas and water supply and cold storage. Industrial sector occupies an important position in the State economy and has a pivotal role to play in the rapid and balanced economic development. The Survey is conducted annually under the statutory provisions of the Collection of Statistics Act 1953, and the Rules framed there-under in 1959, except in the State of Jammu & Kashmir where it is conducted under the State Collection of Statistics Act, 1961 and the rules framed there-under in 1964.

Geographic coverage

Coverage of the Annual Survey of Industries extends to the entire Factory Sector, comprising industrial units (called factories) registered under section 2(m)(i) and 2(m)(ii) of the Factories Act.1948, wherein a "Factory", which is the primary statistical unit of enumeration for the ASI is defined as:- "Any premises" including the precincts thereof:- (i) wherein ten or more workers are working or were working on any day of the preceding twelve months, and in any part of which a manufacturing process is being carried on with the aid of power or is ordinarily so carried on, or (ii) wherein twenty or more workers are working or were working on any day of the preceding twelve months, and in any part of which a manufacturing process is being carried on without the aid of power. In addition to section 2(m)(i) & 2(m)(ii) of the Factories Act, 1948, electricity units registered with the Central Electricity Authority and Bidi & Cigar units, registered under the Bidi & Cigar Workers (Conditions of Employment) Act,1966 are also covered in ASI.

Analysis unit

The primary unit of enumeration in the survey is a factory in the case of manufacturing industries, a workshop in the case of repair services, an undertaking or a licensee in the case of electricity, gas & water supply undertakings and an establishment in the case of bidi & cigar industries. The owner of two or more establishments located in the same State and pertaining to the same industry group and belonging to same scheme (census or sample) is, however, permitted to furnish a single consolidated return. Such consolidated returns are common feature in the case of bidi and cigar establishments, electricity and certain public sector undertakings.

Universe

The survey cover factories registered under the Factory Act 1948. Establishments under the control of the Defence Ministry,oil storage and distribution units, restaurants and cafes and technical training institutions not producing anything for sale or exchange were kept outside the coverage of the ASI.

Kind of data

Sample survey data [ssd]

Sampling procedure

All the factories in the updated frame (universe) are divided into two sectors, viz., Census and Sample.

Census Sector: Census Sector is defined as follows:

a) All industrial units belonging to the 12 less industrially developed states/ UT's viz. Goa, Himachal Pradesh, J & K, Manipur, Meghalaya, Nagaland, Tripura, Andaman & Nicobar Islands, Chandigarh, Dadra & Nagar Haveli, Daman & diu and Pondicherry were completely enumerated every year along with census units.

b) For the rest of the states/ UT's., (i) units having 50 or more workers and using power or 100 or more workers without using power and all electricity undertakings. (ii) all the industry groups for which the total number of units did not exceed 50 at all-India level

c) Remaining units, excluding those of Census Sector, called the sample sector, was covered in two consecutive years (50% samples in alternate years). The sampling strategy was stratified uni-stage with State X NIC 3 digit as stratum. The strata were formed by grouping factories within each State/UT by the industry group at the ultimate digit level of NIC. Thus in each state, each indutry group constitutes a stratum. Within each stratum the districts were first arranged in ascending order of district codes and within each district the factories were then listed in descending order of their employment size. The factories within each stratum having been arranged in the above manner were allotted a running serial number. Factories with odd serial numbers were surveyd in the first year and those with even numbers in the second year of a cycle of two years.

Sampling deviation

There was no deviation from sample design in ASI 1980-81

Mode of data collection

Face-to-face [f2f]

Research instrument

Annual Survey of Industries 1981-82 Questionnaire is divided into different blocks : (However only Summarised data is available for processing and analysis). Therefore, there is only one merged data file for ASI Summary 1981-82. Record Layout of the merged file is provided.

Cleaning operations

Pre-data entry scrutiny was carried out on the schedules for inter and intra block consistency checks. Such editing was mostly manual, although some editing was automatic. But, for major inconsistencies, the schedules were referred back to NSSO (FOD) for clarifications/modifications.

Code list, State code list and NIC 70 code list may be refered in the External Resources which are used for editing and data processing as well..

Sampling error estimates

Relative Standard Error (RSE) is calculated in terms of worker, wages to worker and GVA using the formula. Programs developed in Visual Foxpro are used to compute the RSE of estimates.

Data appraisal

To check for consistency and reliability of data the same are compared with the NIC-2digit level growth rate at all India Index of Production (IIP) and the growth rates obtained from the National Accounts Statistics at current and constant prices for the registered manufacturing sector.

India Manufacturing Industries: NIC 2008: 2013: Manufacture of Plastics and Synthetic Rubber in Primary Forms: Workers data was reported at 35,919.000 Person in 2017. This records an increase from the previous number of 30,646.000 Person for 2016. India Manufacturing Industries: NIC 2008: 2013: Manufacture of Plastics and Synthetic Rubber in Primary Forms: Workers data is updated yearly, averaging 26,439.000 Person from Mar 2009 (Median) to 2017, with 9 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 35,919.000 Person in 2017 and a record low of 21,869.000 Person in 2009. India Manufacturing Industries: NIC 2008: 2013: Manufacture of Plastics and Synthetic Rubber in Primary Forms: Workers data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Central Statistics Office. The data is categorized under India Premium Database’s Mining and Manufacturing Sector – Table IN.BAE052: Manufacturing Industry: NIC 2008: 2013: Manufacture of Plastics and Synthetic Rubber in Primary Forms.

Agriculture is considered the backbone of the Indian economy. The existence of Indian agriculture is traced back to the Indus Valley culture. The importance of agriculture as a means of livelihood and trade in the pre-independence period is still alive today. Farming, once practiced in a traditional way, is now turning to modernity. If we look at this modernity from the Indian point of view, it is clear that the green revolution in the agricultural sector in the country after 1960 is a milestone. Going further, it can be seen that in 2007, the share of agriculture and allied sectors in the country's GDP was 16.6 percent. During the same period, 52% of the population in the country was engaged in agriculture. The share of agriculture in the country's 7 2.7 trillion economies in 2018-19 is about 15.9 percent and employment 49 percent. The dependence of the Indian people on agriculture and the contribution of the agricultural sector to the economic development of the country is declining day by day. The main objective of this research paper is to study the impact of the agricultural policies of this country so far and the plight of the farmers.

Over the last four years since the macroeconomic crisis in 1991, the Indian economy has undergone substantial changes. Almost all areas of the economy have been opened to domestic and foreign private investment. Import licensing restrictions on intermediates and capital goods have been virtually eliminated. Tariffs have been significantly reduced and full convertibility has been established for current account transactions. In the financial sector, prudential regulations that meet international standards have been introduced; banks now have significantly more discretion in their lending decisions; financial markets have been liberalized; and entry restrictions have been eliminated. The external accounts have strengthened considerably and, although still a major obstacle to higher growth, central fiscal imbalances are lower. This report highlights a large unfinished agenda. First, all reforms, which are part of the program articulated since 1991, need to be followed through to completion. In addition, agriculture, which historically has contributed extensively to poverty reduction, requires a more focused effort. Second, an urgent and appreciable improvement in public savings - embracing reduction of the fiscal deficits of the central and state governments, and improving substantially the efficiency of public enterprises - is necessary. It is critical for restoring the capacity of the public sector to invest and for accommodating higher levels of private investment. Such levels of total investment, particularly in infrastructure and social services such as primary education, are needed to achieve and sustain rates of growth and poverty reduction comparable to higher performing countries in Asia. Third, failure to correct fiscal imbalances would implicate and ultimately undermine external sector policies. Over the last two years, the challenge has been to prevent surpluses in the capital account from causing the nominal and real exchange rates to appreciate, and thereby, from reducing export growth. Careful and cautious management of these external accounts needs to continue in the foreseeable future, whether the challenge is large capital inflows or outflows. At the same time, international experience indicates that a strong fiscal position has a central role in managing effectively the capital and current accounts of the balance of payments. Fourth, in an economy which was driven for four decades by increases in public investment, maintaining dynamic growth requires a dramatic increase in private investment in infrastructure. Recent changes in the policy framework provide ample scope for this needed private sector involvement, and private investors have expressed interest in participating in the sector.

Agriculture is a backbone of Indian economy. As per the census, about 68.8 percent of population resides in rural area and depending directly or indirectly upon agriculture for their livelihood. The contribution of this sector to the gross domestic product (GDP) is however declining very rapidly and is presently about 14.5 percent (in 2010-11) and this sector is also showing deceleration in growth rates. Therefore, it is very important for this sector to achieve higher growth rates and also be an engine of growth, so that growth in other sectors and overall growth rate of the economy can be achieved. The primary agricultural credit co-operative societies are considered to be the pillars of the entire cooperative edifice. The PACSs continue to be the main source of agricultural credit to the farmers in rural areas.