100+ datasets found
  1. Prime loan rate of banks in the U.S. 1990-2025

    • statista.com
    Updated Jun 23, 2025
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    Statista (2025). Prime loan rate of banks in the U.S. 1990-2025 [Dataset]. https://www.statista.com/statistics/187623/charged-prime-rate-by-us-banks/
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    Dataset updated
    Jun 23, 2025
    Dataset authored and provided by
    Statistahttp://statista.com/
    Area covered
    United States
    Description

    The U.S. bank prime loan rate has undergone significant fluctuations over the past three decades, reflecting broader economic trends and monetary policy decisions. From a high of **** percent in 1990, the rate has seen periods of decline, stability, and recent increases. As of May 2025, the prime rate stood at *** percent, marking a notable rise from the historic lows seen in the early 2020s. Federal Reserve's impact on lending rates The prime rate's trajectory closely mirrors changes in the federal funds rate, which serves as a key benchmark for the U.S. financial system. In 2023, the Federal Reserve implemented a series of rate hikes, pushing the federal funds target range to 5.25-5.5 percent by year-end. This aggressive monetary tightening was aimed at combating rising inflation, and its effects rippled through various lending rates, including the prime rate. Long-term investment outlook While short-term rates have risen, long-term investment yields have also seen changes. The 10-year U.S. Treasury bond, a benchmark for long-term interest rates, showed an average market yield of **** percent in the second quarter of 2024, adjusted for constant maturity and inflation. This figure represents a recovery from negative real returns seen in 2021, reflecting shifting expectations for economic growth and inflation. The evolving yield environment has implications for both borrowers and investors, influencing decisions across the financial landscape.

  2. F

    Bank Prime Loan Rate Changes: Historical Dates of Changes and Rates

    • fred.stlouisfed.org
    json
    Updated Jan 8, 2025
    + more versions
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    (2025). Bank Prime Loan Rate Changes: Historical Dates of Changes and Rates [Dataset]. https://fred.stlouisfed.org/series/PRIME
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    jsonAvailable download formats
    Dataset updated
    Jan 8, 2025
    License

    https://fred.stlouisfed.org/legal/#copyright-public-domainhttps://fred.stlouisfed.org/legal/#copyright-public-domain

    Description

    Graph and download economic data for Bank Prime Loan Rate Changes: Historical Dates of Changes and Rates (PRIME) from 1955-08-04 to 2024-12-20 about prime, loans, interest rate, banks, interest, depository institutions, rate, and USA.

  3. T

    China Loan Prime Rate

    • tradingeconomics.com
    • de.tradingeconomics.com
    • +13more
    csv, excel, json, xml
    Updated Jun 20, 2025
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    TRADING ECONOMICS (2025). China Loan Prime Rate [Dataset]. https://tradingeconomics.com/china/interest-rate
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    xml, csv, excel, jsonAvailable download formats
    Dataset updated
    Jun 20, 2025
    Dataset authored and provided by
    TRADING ECONOMICS
    License

    Attribution 4.0 (CC BY 4.0)https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
    License information was derived automatically

    Time period covered
    Oct 25, 2013 - Jun 20, 2025
    Area covered
    China
    Description

    The benchmark interest rate in China was last recorded at 3 percent. This dataset provides the latest reported value for - China Interest Rate - plus previous releases, historical high and low, short-term forecast and long-term prediction, economic calendar, survey consensus and news.

  4. T

    United States Average Monthly Prime Lending Rate

    • tradingeconomics.com
    • zh.tradingeconomics.com
    • +13more
    csv, excel, json, xml
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    TRADING ECONOMICS, United States Average Monthly Prime Lending Rate [Dataset]. https://tradingeconomics.com/united-states/bank-lending-rate
    Explore at:
    json, xml, excel, csvAvailable download formats
    Dataset authored and provided by
    TRADING ECONOMICS
    License

    Attribution 4.0 (CC BY 4.0)https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
    License information was derived automatically

    Time period covered
    Jan 31, 1950 - Jun 30, 2025
    Area covered
    United States
    Description

    Bank Lending Rate in the United States remained unchanged at 7.50 percent in June. This dataset provides - United States Average Monthly Prime Lending Rate - actual values, historical data, forecast, chart, statistics, economic calendar and news.

  5. Central bank interest rates in the U.S. and Europe 2022-2023, with a...

    • statista.com
    • ai-chatbox.pro
    Updated Jun 20, 2025
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    Statista (2025). Central bank interest rates in the U.S. and Europe 2022-2023, with a forecast to 2027 [Dataset]. https://www.statista.com/statistics/1429525/policy-interest-rates-forecast-in-europe-and-us/
    Explore at:
    Dataset updated
    Jun 20, 2025
    Dataset authored and provided by
    Statistahttp://statista.com/
    Area covered
    Europe, Switzerland, EU, United Kingdom, United States
    Description

    Policy interest rates in the U.S. and Europe are forecasted to decrease gradually between 2024 and 2027, following exceptional increases triggered by soaring inflation between 2021 and 2023. The U.S. federal funds rate stood at **** percent at the end of 2023, the European Central Bank deposit rate at **** percent, and the Swiss National Bank policy rate at **** percent. With inflationary pressures stabilizing, policy interest rates are forecast to decrease in each observed region. The U.S. federal funds rate is expected to decrease to *** percent, the ECB refi rate to **** percent, the Bank of England bank rate to **** percent, and the Swiss National Bank policy rate to **** percent by 2025. An interesting aspect to note is the impact of these interest rate changes on various economic factors such as growth, employment, and inflation. The impact of central bank policy rates The U.S. federal funds effective rate, crucial in determining the interest rate paid by depository institutions, experienced drastic changes in response to the COVID-19 pandemic. The subsequent slight changes in the effective rate reflected the efforts to stimulate the economy and manage economic factors such as inflation. Such fluctuations in the federal funds rate have had a significant impact on the overall economy. The European Central Bank's decision to cut its fixed interest rate in June 2024 for the first time since 2016 marked a significant shift in attitude towards economic conditions. The reasons behind the fluctuations in the ECB's interest rate reflect its mandate to ensure price stability and manage inflation, shedding light on the complex interplay between interest rates and economic factors. Inflation and real interest rates The relationship between inflation and interest rates is critical in understanding the actions of central banks. Central banks' efforts to manage inflation through interest rate adjustments reveal the intricate balance between economic growth and inflation. Additionally, the concept of real interest rates, adjusted for inflation, provides valuable insights into the impact of inflation on the economy.

  6. T

    United States Fed Funds Interest Rate

    • tradingeconomics.com
    • ko.tradingeconomics.com
    • +13more
    csv, excel, json, xml
    Updated Jul 10, 2025
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    TRADING ECONOMICS (2025). United States Fed Funds Interest Rate [Dataset]. https://tradingeconomics.com/united-states/interest-rate
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    xml, excel, json, csvAvailable download formats
    Dataset updated
    Jul 10, 2025
    Dataset authored and provided by
    TRADING ECONOMICS
    License

    Attribution 4.0 (CC BY 4.0)https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
    License information was derived automatically

    Time period covered
    Aug 4, 1971 - Jun 18, 2025
    Area covered
    United States
    Description

    The benchmark interest rate in the United States was last recorded at 4.50 percent. This dataset provides the latest reported value for - United States Fed Funds Rate - plus previous releases, historical high and low, short-term forecast and long-term prediction, economic calendar, survey consensus and news.

  7. China CN: Loan Prime Rate: 1 Year

    • ceicdata.com
    Updated Mar 26, 2025
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    CEICdata.com (2025). China CN: Loan Prime Rate: 1 Year [Dataset]. https://www.ceicdata.com/en/china/rediscount-and-lending-rate/cn-loan-prime-rate-1-year
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    Dataset updated
    Mar 26, 2025
    Dataset provided by
    CEIC Data
    License

    Attribution 4.0 (CC BY 4.0)https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
    License information was derived automatically

    Time period covered
    Aug 1, 2019 - Aug 16, 2019
    Area covered
    China
    Variables measured
    Lending Rate
    Description

    China Loan Prime Rate: 1 Year data was reported at 4.310 % pa in 16 Aug 2019. This stayed constant from the previous number of 4.310 % pa for 15 Aug 2019. China Loan Prime Rate: 1 Year data is updated daily, averaging 4.310 % pa from Oct 2013 (Median) to 16 Aug 2019, with 1454 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 5.770 % pa in 16 Jun 2014 and a record low of 4.300 % pa in 04 Apr 2018. China Loan Prime Rate: 1 Year data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by National Interbank Funding Center. The data is categorized under China Premium Database’s Money Market, Interest Rate, Yield and Exchange Rate – Table CN.MA: Rediscount and Lending Rate.

  8. Panama Lending Rate: Prime Rate

    • ceicdata.com
    Updated Jul 7, 2018
    + more versions
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    CEICdata.com (2018). Panama Lending Rate: Prime Rate [Dataset]. https://www.ceicdata.com/en/panama/lending-rate/lending-rate-prime-rate
    Explore at:
    Dataset updated
    Jul 7, 2018
    Dataset provided by
    CEIC Data
    License

    Attribution 4.0 (CC BY 4.0)https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
    License information was derived automatically

    Time period covered
    Jun 1, 2017 - May 1, 2018
    Area covered
    Panama
    Variables measured
    Lending Rate
    Description

    Panama Lending Rate: Prime Rate data was reported at 4.750 % pa in Jun 2018. This stayed constant from the previous number of 4.750 % pa for May 2018. Panama Lending Rate: Prime Rate data is updated monthly, averaging 4.000 % pa from Dec 1999 (Median) to Jun 2018, with 223 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 9.500 % pa in Aug 2004 and a record low of 3.250 % pa in Dec 2015. Panama Lending Rate: Prime Rate data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Superintendency of Banks of Panama. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Panama – Table PA.M003: Lending Rate.

  9. F

    FOMC Summary of Economic Projections for the Fed Funds Rate, Median

    • fred.stlouisfed.org
    json
    Updated Jun 18, 2025
    + more versions
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    (2025). FOMC Summary of Economic Projections for the Fed Funds Rate, Median [Dataset]. https://fred.stlouisfed.org/series/FEDTARMD
    Explore at:
    jsonAvailable download formats
    Dataset updated
    Jun 18, 2025
    License

    https://fred.stlouisfed.org/legal/#copyright-public-domainhttps://fred.stlouisfed.org/legal/#copyright-public-domain

    Description

    Graph and download economic data for FOMC Summary of Economic Projections for the Fed Funds Rate, Median (FEDTARMD) from 2025 to 2027 about projection, federal, median, rate, and USA.

  10. T

    Mozambique - Lending Interest Rate

    • tradingeconomics.com
    csv, excel, json, xml
    Updated Jul 30, 2013
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    TRADING ECONOMICS (2013). Mozambique - Lending Interest Rate [Dataset]. https://tradingeconomics.com/mozambique/lending-interest-rate-percent-wb-data.html
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    xml, json, csv, excelAvailable download formats
    Dataset updated
    Jul 30, 2013
    Dataset authored and provided by
    TRADING ECONOMICS
    License

    Attribution 4.0 (CC BY 4.0)https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
    License information was derived automatically

    Time period covered
    Jan 1, 1976 - Dec 31, 2025
    Area covered
    Mozambique
    Description

    Lending interest rate (%) in Mozambique was reported at 21.72 % in 2024, according to the World Bank collection of development indicators, compiled from officially recognized sources. Mozambique - Lending interest rate - actual values, historical data, forecasts and projections were sourced from the World Bank on July of 2025.

  11. Forecast: Bank Lending Interest Rate in Canada 2022 - 2026

    • reportlinker.com
    Updated Apr 12, 2024
    + more versions
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    ReportLinker (2024). Forecast: Bank Lending Interest Rate in Canada 2022 - 2026 [Dataset]. https://www.reportlinker.com/dataset/dea2ffea60fdb9a255882b6749697b7c7cee4462
    Explore at:
    Dataset updated
    Apr 12, 2024
    Dataset authored and provided by
    ReportLinker
    License

    Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 (CC BY-NC 4.0)https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/
    License information was derived automatically

    Area covered
    Canada
    Description

    Forecast: Bank Lending Interest Rate in Canada 2022 - 2026 Discover more data with ReportLinker!

  12. T

    United States - Bank Prime Loan Rate

    • tradingeconomics.com
    csv, excel, json, xml
    Updated Jun 8, 2017
    + more versions
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    TRADING ECONOMICS (2017). United States - Bank Prime Loan Rate [Dataset]. https://tradingeconomics.com/united-states/bank-prime-loan-rate-percent-d-na-fed-data.html
    Explore at:
    csv, excel, xml, jsonAvailable download formats
    Dataset updated
    Jun 8, 2017
    Dataset authored and provided by
    TRADING ECONOMICS
    License

    Attribution 4.0 (CC BY 4.0)https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
    License information was derived automatically

    Time period covered
    Jan 1, 1976 - Dec 31, 2025
    Area covered
    United States
    Description

    United States - Bank Prime Loan Rate was 7.50% in June of 2025, according to the United States Federal Reserve. Historically, United States - Bank Prime Loan Rate reached a record high of 21.50 in December of 1980 and a record low of 3.25 in August of 1955. Trading Economics provides the current actual value, an historical data chart and related indicators for United States - Bank Prime Loan Rate - last updated from the United States Federal Reserve on July of 2025.

  13. B

    Botswana Nominal Interest Rate: Prime Lending Rate

    • ceicdata.com
    Updated Feb 15, 2025
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    CEICdata.com (2025). Botswana Nominal Interest Rate: Prime Lending Rate [Dataset]. https://www.ceicdata.com/en/botswana/real-and-nominal-interest-rate/nominal-interest-rate-prime-lending-rate
    Explore at:
    Dataset updated
    Feb 15, 2025
    Dataset provided by
    CEICdata.com
    License

    Attribution 4.0 (CC BY 4.0)https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
    License information was derived automatically

    Time period covered
    Jan 1, 2024 - Dec 1, 2024
    Area covered
    Botswana
    Variables measured
    Money Market Rate
    Description

    Botswana Nominal Interest Rate: Prime Lending Rate data was reported at 6.010 % pa in Feb 2025. This stayed constant from the previous number of 6.010 % pa for Jan 2025. Botswana Nominal Interest Rate: Prime Lending Rate data is updated monthly, averaging 9.000 % pa from Jan 2003 (Median) to Feb 2025, with 266 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 17.000 % pa in Nov 2008 and a record low of 5.250 % pa in Mar 2022. Botswana Nominal Interest Rate: Prime Lending Rate data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Bank of Botswana. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Botswana – Table BW.M002: Real and Nominal Interest Rate.

  14. Thailand Prime Rate: Minimum Retail Rate (MRR)

    • ceicdata.com
    Updated Feb 15, 2025
    + more versions
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    CEICdata.com (2025). Thailand Prime Rate: Minimum Retail Rate (MRR) [Dataset]. https://www.ceicdata.com/en/thailand/interest-rates-commerical-banks/prime-rate-minimum-retail-rate-mrr
    Explore at:
    Dataset updated
    Feb 15, 2025
    Dataset provided by
    CEIC Data
    License

    Attribution 4.0 (CC BY 4.0)https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
    License information was derived automatically

    Time period covered
    Jul 1, 2017 - Jun 1, 2018
    Area covered
    Thailand
    Variables measured
    Money Market Rate
    Description

    Thailand Prime Rate: Minimum Retail Rate (MRR) data was reported at 7.245 % pa in Nov 2018. This stayed constant from the previous number of 7.245 % pa for Oct 2018. Thailand Prime Rate: Minimum Retail Rate (MRR) data is updated monthly, averaging 8.000 % pa from Oct 1993 (Median) to Nov 2018, with 302 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 15.875 % pa in Jul 1998 and a record low of 6.000 % pa in Jun 2005. Thailand Prime Rate: Minimum Retail Rate (MRR) data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Bank of Thailand. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Thailand – Table TH.M001: Interest Rates: Commerical Banks.

  15. United States Bank Lending Rate

    • ceicdata.com
    Updated Nov 27, 2021
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    CEICdata.com (2021). United States Bank Lending Rate [Dataset]. https://www.ceicdata.com/en/indicator/united-states/bank-lending-rate
    Explore at:
    Dataset updated
    Nov 27, 2021
    Dataset provided by
    CEIC Data
    License

    Attribution 4.0 (CC BY 4.0)https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
    License information was derived automatically

    Time period covered
    Mar 13, 2025 - Mar 24, 2025
    Area covered
    United States
    Description

    Key information about United States Bank Lending Rate

    • United States Bank Lending Rate was reported at 7.500 % pa in Mar 2025.
    • This stayed constant from the previous number of 7.500 % pa for Mar 2025.
    • US Bank Lending Rate data is updated daily, averaging 4.250 % pa from Aug 1955 to 24 Mar 2025, with 25436 observations.
    • The data reached an all-time high of 8.500 % pa in 18 Sep 2024 and a record low of 3.250 % pa in 16 Mar 2022.
    • US Bank Lending Rate data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by CEIC Data.
    • The data is categorized under World Trend Plus’s Global Economic Monitor – Table: Bank Lending Rate: Daily.

    Federal Reserve Board provides daily Bank Lending Rate.

  16. Forecast: Bank Lending Interest Rate in South Korea 2024 - 2028

    • reportlinker.com
    Updated Apr 9, 2024
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    ReportLinker (2024). Forecast: Bank Lending Interest Rate in South Korea 2024 - 2028 [Dataset]. https://www.reportlinker.com/dataset/c9f7bfc0d2b1d56fb2d0e20149e2b9d836d6ed8e
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    Dataset updated
    Apr 9, 2024
    Dataset authored and provided by
    ReportLinker
    License

    Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 (CC BY-NC 4.0)https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/
    License information was derived automatically

    Area covered
    South Korea
    Description

    Forecast: Bank Lending Interest Rate in South Korea 2024 - 2028 Discover more data with ReportLinker!

  17. Forecast: Bank Lending Interest Rate in Egypt 2024 - 2028

    • reportlinker.com
    Updated Apr 9, 2024
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    ReportLinker (2024). Forecast: Bank Lending Interest Rate in Egypt 2024 - 2028 [Dataset]. https://www.reportlinker.com/dataset/a464f6022236f6bb02ad645299abb39e0a22418e
    Explore at:
    Dataset updated
    Apr 9, 2024
    Dataset authored and provided by
    ReportLinker
    License

    Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 (CC BY-NC 4.0)https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/
    License information was derived automatically

    Area covered
    Egypt
    Description

    Forecast: Bank Lending Interest Rate in Egypt 2024 - 2028 Discover more data with ReportLinker!

  18. Number of mortgages projected to face an interest rate increase in Canada by...

    • statista.com
    Updated Jul 11, 2025
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    Statista (2025). Number of mortgages projected to face an interest rate increase in Canada by 2025 [Dataset]. https://www.statista.com/statistics/1451790/mortgages-interest-rate-increase-canada/
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    Dataset updated
    Jul 11, 2025
    Dataset authored and provided by
    Statistahttp://statista.com/
    Time period covered
    2023
    Area covered
    Canada
    Description

    More than ************* mortgage loans are projected to be affected by the increasing mortgage interest rates in Canada by 2025. About *********** of these mortgages are projected to be up for renewal in 2024. These loans were taken out at a time when interest rates were much lower, meaning that homeowners will be affected by a notable increase in their monthly payments.

  19. T

    New Zealand - Risk Premium On Lending (prime Rate Minus Treasury Bill Rate,...

    • tradingeconomics.com
    csv, excel, json, xml
    Updated May 29, 2017
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    TRADING ECONOMICS (2017). New Zealand - Risk Premium On Lending (prime Rate Minus Treasury Bill Rate, %) [Dataset]. https://tradingeconomics.com/new-zealand/risk-premium-on-lending-prime-rate-minus-treasury-bill-rate-percent-wb-data.html
    Explore at:
    json, xml, excel, csvAvailable download formats
    Dataset updated
    May 29, 2017
    Dataset authored and provided by
    TRADING ECONOMICS
    License

    Attribution 4.0 (CC BY 4.0)https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
    License information was derived automatically

    Time period covered
    Jan 1, 1976 - Dec 31, 2025
    Area covered
    New Zealand
    Description

    Risk premium on lending (lending rate minus treasury bill rate, %) in New Zealand was reported at --1.7108 % in 2018, according to the World Bank collection of development indicators, compiled from officially recognized sources. New Zealand - Risk premium on lending (prime rate minus treasury bill rate, %) - actual values, historical data, forecasts and projections were sourced from the World Bank on July of 2025.

  20. Monthly bank rate in the UK 2012-2025

    • statista.com
    • ai-chatbox.pro
    Updated Jun 23, 2025
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    Statista (2025). Monthly bank rate in the UK 2012-2025 [Dataset]. https://www.statista.com/statistics/889792/united-kingdom-uk-bank-base-rate/
    Explore at:
    Dataset updated
    Jun 23, 2025
    Dataset authored and provided by
    Statistahttp://statista.com/
    Time period covered
    Jan 2012 - Apr 2025
    Area covered
    United Kingdom
    Description

    August 2024 marked a significant shift in the UK's monetary policy, as it saw the first reduction in the official bank base interest rate since August 2023. This change came after a period of consistent rate hikes that began in late 2021. In a bid to minimize the economic effects of the COVID-19 pandemic, the Bank of England cut the official bank base rate in March 2020 to a record low of *** percent. This historic low came just one week after the Bank of England cut rates from **** percent to **** percent in a bid to prevent mass job cuts in the United Kingdom. It remained at *** percent until December 2021 and was increased to one percent in May 2022 and to **** percent in October 2022. After that, the bank rate increased almost on a monthly basis, reaching **** percent in August 2023. It wasn't until August 2024 that the first rate decrease since the previous year occurred, signaling a potential shift in monetary policy. Why do central banks adjust interest rates? Central banks, including the Bank of England, adjust interest rates to manage economic stability and control inflation. Their strategies involve a delicate balance between two main approaches. When central banks raise interest rates, their goal is to cool down an overheated economy. Higher rates curb excessive spending and borrowing, which helps to prevent runaway inflation. This approach is typically used when the economy is growing too quickly or when inflation is rising above desired levels. Conversely, when central banks lower interest rates, they aim to encourage borrowing and investment. This strategy is employed to stimulate economic growth during periods of slowdown or recession. Lower rates make it cheaper for businesses and individuals to borrow money, which can lead to increased spending and investment. This dual approach allows central banks to maintain a balance between promoting growth and controlling inflation, ensuring long-term economic stability. Additionally, adjusting interest rates can influence currency values, impacting international trade and investment flows, further underscoring their critical role in a nation's economic health. Recent interest rate trends Between 2021 and 2024, most advanced and emerging economies experienced a period of regular interest rate hikes. This trend was driven by several factors, including persistent supply chain disruptions, high energy prices, and robust demand pressures. These elements combined to create significant inflationary trends, prompting central banks to raise rates in an effort to temper spending and borrowing. However, in 2024, a shift began to occur in global monetary policy. The European Central Bank (ECB) was among the first major central banks to reverse this trend by cutting interest rates. This move signaled a change in approach aimed at addressing growing economic slowdowns and supporting growth.

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Statista (2025). Prime loan rate of banks in the U.S. 1990-2025 [Dataset]. https://www.statista.com/statistics/187623/charged-prime-rate-by-us-banks/
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Prime loan rate of banks in the U.S. 1990-2025

Explore at:
Dataset updated
Jun 23, 2025
Dataset authored and provided by
Statistahttp://statista.com/
Area covered
United States
Description

The U.S. bank prime loan rate has undergone significant fluctuations over the past three decades, reflecting broader economic trends and monetary policy decisions. From a high of **** percent in 1990, the rate has seen periods of decline, stability, and recent increases. As of May 2025, the prime rate stood at *** percent, marking a notable rise from the historic lows seen in the early 2020s. Federal Reserve's impact on lending rates The prime rate's trajectory closely mirrors changes in the federal funds rate, which serves as a key benchmark for the U.S. financial system. In 2023, the Federal Reserve implemented a series of rate hikes, pushing the federal funds target range to 5.25-5.5 percent by year-end. This aggressive monetary tightening was aimed at combating rising inflation, and its effects rippled through various lending rates, including the prime rate. Long-term investment outlook While short-term rates have risen, long-term investment yields have also seen changes. The 10-year U.S. Treasury bond, a benchmark for long-term interest rates, showed an average market yield of **** percent in the second quarter of 2024, adjusted for constant maturity and inflation. This figure represents a recovery from negative real returns seen in 2021, reflecting shifting expectations for economic growth and inflation. The evolving yield environment has implications for both borrowers and investors, influencing decisions across the financial landscape.

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