Immigration was seen as the most important issue facing Germany in November 2025, selected by 24 percent of people as a problem that month. The Economy was seen by 22 percent of people in Germany as a major issue, and was the second most-common response in the most recent survey. Pensions emerged as the third-most important issues in the most recent poll, ahead of a potentially close vote on pension reform in the Bundestag in December. Germany's economic struggles Once the economic powerhouse of Europe, the Germany economy has been struggling for several years, and even shrank in 2023 and 2024. In part, this is due to external factors, such as the War in Ukraine putting an end to Germany's supply of cheap Russian gas, and a more protectionist global trade environment harming Germany's export-driven businesses. On the other hand, there has been a chronic lack of investment in the country, in part due to fiscal restraints built into the German constitution. Collapse of the traffic light coalition The issue of removing these fiscal restraints, in particular the "debt-brake", was the eventual reason that brought down the government of Olaf Scholz in late 2024. In power since the 2021 election, Scholz's government consisted of three political parties, Scholz's own SPD, the German Greens, and the pro-businesses FDP. The contradictions inherent in a three-party coalition eventually rose to the surface in late 2024, when the FDP leadership split with the government over economic policy, causing the collapse of the government. All three parties saw their vote share decline considerably, in the subsequent election in February 2025, with the FDP unable to clear the five percent threshold required to win seats in parliament.

In a 2024 survey on the most pressing issues in German politics, around 26 percent of respondents named immigration and dealing with refugees as one of the most relevant issues, that German society and politics were facing at the moment. Around 21 percent of people said it was the war in Ukraine and relations with Russia, making it the second most pressing issue, followed by the economy in third place.

Background: Since the onset of the 2015 European refugee crisis, ~4. 46 million people have sought asylum in the European Union, with Germany logging the largest share of all asylum applications. In addition to the severe adversities before and during flight, the process of settling into a new environment involves stressors that affect psychological well-being and mental health. The aim of this systematic review was to examine contextual factors during post-migration that influence the mental health and well-being of asylum seekers and refugees (ASRs) in Germany.Methods: Following PRISMA guidelines, a systematic review was conducted across multiple databases for English and German studies published between 2015 and 2020 with index keywords.Results: From a total of 303 articles, 156 duplicates were removed and, after title review, another 87 were excluded for not meeting the inclusion criteria. After assessing the abstracts of the remaining 60 articles, 39 were excluded. Full texts of 21 articles were assessed for eligibility and after excluding 8 articles, 13 articles were included in the review. The results demonstrate high rates of psychological distress among ASRs in Germany and the significant influence of contextual factors on their mental health and psychological well-being. The risk factors for poor mental health include an uncertain asylum status, living in shared asylum accommodations, separation from the nuclear family, lack of German language skills, integration issues and discrimination, while employment is a protective factor.Conclusion: Asylum seekers and refugees have high prevalence rates of psychological distress directly influenced by contextual factors in Germany. Based on these findings, policy makers are strongly recommended to apply preventive strategies to reduce mental health problems of ASRs in Germany.

Germany DE: Refugee Population: by Country or Territory of Origin data was reported at 209.000 Person in 2023. This records an increase from the previous number of 162.000 Person for 2022. Germany DE: Refugee Population: by Country or Territory of Origin data is updated yearly, averaging 162.000 Person from Dec 1991 (Median) to 2023, with 33 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 1,297.000 Person in 1999 and a record low of 5.000 Person in 1992. Germany DE: Refugee Population: by Country or Territory of Origin data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Germany – Table DE.World Bank.WDI: Population and Urbanization Statistics. Refugees are people who are recognized as refugees under the 1951 Convention Relating to the Status of Refugees or its 1967 Protocol, the 1969 Organization of African Unity Convention Governing the Specific Aspects of Refugee Problems in Africa, people recognized as refugees in accordance with the UNHCR statute, people granted refugee-like humanitarian status, and people provided temporary protection. Asylum seekers--people who have applied for asylum or refugee status and who have not yet received a decision or who are registered as asylum seekers--are excluded. Palestinian refugees are people (and their descendants) whose residence was Palestine between June 1946 and May 1948 and who lost their homes and means of livelihood as a result of the 1948 Arab-Israeli conflict. Country of origin generally refers to the nationality or country of citizenship of a claimant.;United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR), Refugee Data Finder at https://www.unhcr.org/refugee-statistics/.;Sum;

Germany DE: Refugee Population: by Country or Territory of Asylum data was reported at 2,593,007.000 Person in 2023. This records an increase from the previous number of 2,075,445.000 Person for 2022. Germany DE: Refugee Population: by Country or Territory of Asylum data is updated yearly, averaging 580,792.500 Person from Dec 1960 (Median) to 2023, with 64 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 2,593,007.000 Person in 2023 and a record low of 83,500.000 Person in 1978. Germany DE: Refugee Population: by Country or Territory of Asylum data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Germany – Table DE.World Bank.WDI: Population and Urbanization Statistics. Refugees are people who are recognized as refugees under the 1951 Convention Relating to the Status of Refugees or its 1967 Protocol, the 1969 Organization of African Unity Convention Governing the Specific Aspects of Refugee Problems in Africa, people recognized as refugees in accordance with the UNHCR statute, people granted refugee-like humanitarian status, and people provided temporary protection. Asylum seekers--people who have applied for asylum or refugee status and who have not yet received a decision or who are registered as asylum seekers--are excluded. Palestinian refugees are people (and their descendants) whose residence was Palestine between June 1946 and May 1948 and who lost their homes and means of livelihood as a result of the 1948 Arab-Israeli conflict. Country of asylum is the country where an asylum claim was filed and granted.;United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR) and UNRWA through UNHCR's Refugee Data Finder at https://www.unhcr.org/refugee-statistics/.;Sum;

Avoiding moral hazard is a recurrent argument of those seeking to limit the development of European financial support mechanisms. Germany has been the traditional leader of this coalition of actors in the European Union (EU). However, in reaction to the Covid-19 pandemic, Germany supported an EU response which included grants and massive debt issuance. What was previously presented as unacceptable – because of moral hazard – became appropriate. This contribution seeks to explain why the German government ceased to emphasise the moral hazard problem in EU economic governance. We argue that the answer is not because of a challenge to the relevance of moral hazard per se, or because the Germans lost interest in the moral hazard problem, but rather because German policymakers were discursively constrained by one of the dominant meanings of moral hazard they had previously imposed – which lost its relevance in the context of a symmetric exogenous shock.

Attitudes towards reunification. Attitudes towards democracy. Personal experiences and contacts between West and East. Perception of living conditions and economic situation. Comparison of characteristics, prejudices, accusations. Life in the GDR: comparison with the personal situation today.

Topics: Most important problem in Germany; associations with the fall of the Wall; evaluation of the reunification as successful; rapprochement or distance between East and West Germans; Berlin as a symbol of German unity; predominance of differences or similarities between East and West Germany or the north and south of Germany; satisfaction with democracy; democracy as the best form of government; national pride as much as other nations; inner-German migration: moving from East Germany to West Germany; moving before or after the opening of the Wall in 1989; moving from West Germany to East Germany; frequency of visits to East Germany/ West Germany since reunification; East Germans/West Germans in the family or East Germans/West Germans in family or circle of friends; assessment of one´s own economic situation; national or regional identity; profiteers of the reunification (rather East Germans/ West Germans); attitude towards the term ´Ossi´ or ´Wessi´; assessment of the living situation of East Germans compared to that of West Germans; time perspective for the alignment of the living conditions of East Germans with those of West Germans; opinion on the amount of financial support for the reconstruction of the East; perceived injustices between East Germans and West Germans; comparison of characteristics between East and West Germans (arrogant, helpful, selfish, optimistic, self-confident, tolerant); who is more strongly behind democracy (East Germans/ West Germans); greater spread of xenophobia in the East or West; agreement on statements about East and West Germans; life in the GDR: Comparison with the personal situation today (life in general and political conditions); own expectations of reunification have been fulfilled; assessment of the current personal situation with regard to the economic situation, social security and personal freedoms in comparison with the time in the GDR before reunification; party sympathy.

Demography: age (categorised); sex; highest level of education or desired school-leaving qualification; university degree; occupation; job security; occupational status; characteristics of employees and civil servants; household size; number of persons in the household aged 18 and over.

Additionally coded: Respondent ID; federal state; Berlin West/East; city size; reached via mobile or fixed telephone line; weighting factors; mobile only: reached at home or elsewhere; reached via an additional fixed telephone number (homezone or home option) on the mobile phone; fixed telephone line in the household; number of fixed telephone numbers; additional mobile telephone number; or number of mobile telephone numbers via which one can be reached; fixed line only: mobile phone ownership.

In 2025, the leading problems clothing retailers in Germany were confronted with were increasing bureaucracy hurdles and high cost increases, e.g. for energy. Both problems scored highly on the scale of * to ** used in the survey, with * equaling "not a problem" and ** equaling "very big problem".

Sources: Scientific Publications; official Statistics:

Max Broesike (1904), Rückblick auf die Entwicklung der preußischen Bevölkerung von 1875 bis 1900, Preußische Statistik 188, S. 12-14.

Elsner/Lehmann (1988): Ausländische Arbeiter unter dem deutschen Imperialismus, 1900 bis 1985. Berlin: Dietz Verlag.

Hubert, Michel (1998): Deutschland im Wandel. Geschichte der deutschen Bevölkerung seit 1815. Stuttgart: Steiner.

Köbler, Gerhard (2007): Historisches Lexikon der deutschen Länder. Die deutschen Territorien vom Mittelalter bis zur Gegenwart. München: Beck.

Königlich Preußisches Statistisches Landesamt: Statistisches Jahrbuch für den Preußischen Staat, 13. Jahrgang, Berlin 1916 und 16. Jahrgang, Berlin 1920.

Königlich Statistisches Bureau in Berlin: Preußische Statistik (Amtliches Quellenwerk), Heft 139. Die Sterblichkeit nach Todesursachen und Altersklassen der Gestorbenen sowie die Selbstmorde und die tödlichen Verunglückungen im preußischen Staate während des Jahres 1894. Berlin, 1896.

Königlich Statistisches Bureau in Berlin: Preußische Statistik, Heft 188: Rückblick auf die Entwicklung der preußischen Bevölkerung von 1875 bis 1900. Berlin, 1904, S. 105.

Oltmer, Jochen (2005): Migration und Politik in der Weimarer Republik. Göttingen: Vandenhoeck&Ruprecht.

Preußisches Statistisches Landesamt: Statistisches Jahrbuch für den Freistaat Preußen, Statistisches Jahrbuch für den Freistaat Preußen, 17. Band, 1921 und 29. Band, 1933.

Stat. Bundesamt (Hrsg.): Bevölkerung und Erwerbstätigkeit. Fachserie 1, Reihe 2. Ausländische Bevölkerung. Ausgabe 2013, S. 26, Tabelle 1.

Stat. Reichsamt (Hrsg.): Statistisches Jahrbuch für das Deutsche Reich, verschiedene Jahrgänge: Jg. 1880 bis Jg. 1941/42.

Stat. Reichsamt (Hrsg.): Statistik des Deutschen Reichs: Band 360, Band 393, Band 441.

Trevisiol, O.: Die Einbürgerungspraxis im Deutschen Reich 1871-1945. Diss. 2004. Tab. 1, S. 20 und Tab. 4, S. 24. KOPS – Das institutionelle Repositorium der Universität Konstanz, Suche im Bestand ‘Geschichte und Soziologie‘, WEB: http://d-nb.info/974206237/34

Further literature

Bade, Klaus J. (2002): Europa in Bewegung. Migration vom späten 18. Jahrhundert bis zur Gegenwart. München: Beck.

Gosewinkel, Dieter (2001): Einbürgern und Ausschließen. Göttingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht.

Oltmer, Jochen (2012): Globale Migration. Geschichte und Gegenwart. München: Beck.

Oltmer, Jochen (2013): Migration im 19. Und 20. Jahrhundert. München: Oldenbourg.

wikipedia.org

Graph and download economic data for Net Issues of International Debt Securities for Issuers in General Government Sector, All Maturities, Nationality of Issuer in Germany (DISCONTINUED) (IDSGGGAMNINIDE) from Q1 1994 to Q2 2015 about issues, Germany, maturity, sector, debt, Net, securities, and government.

Introduction: Forcibly displaced people are at particular risk of mental health problems and also face specific integration challenges upon resettlement. Existing literature suggests that there may be a bidirectional relationship between mental health and integration. The present study seeks to understand the relationship between integration processes and mental health problems or significant negative emotional experiences among adult refugees in Germany.Method: Applying a qualitative approach, we conducted 54 semi-structured interviews with refugees and asylum seekers who arrived in Germany between 2013 and 2018 currently residing in Berlin, Leipzig, or the Duisburg area in North Rhine-Westphalia. Data was collected between December 2018 and September 2019. We analyzed transcripts inductively using thematic analysis.Results: Five themes covering the various links between integration and mental health problems or significant negative emotional experiences were identified. First, we found that the mental health consequences of past adverse experiences, as well as ongoing worries about those left behind in the homeland, can seriously impede refugees' ability to pursue activities key to integration. Second, the process of applying for and securing asylum can result in uncertainty and fear, which, in turn, burden the individual and may impact motivation for integration. Third, many of our participants described mental health ramifications related to feeling stuck and thwarted in the pursuit of building a life, especially in securing employment. Fourth, some participants described feeling so overwhelmed by fundamental tasks throughout the integration process, namely, language learning and bureaucratic processes, that these take a psychological toll. Fifth, we identified several forms of social disconnection between refugees and members of the host community due to xenophobia, social and cultural differences, physical and emotional isolation in refugee camps, as well as with co-nationals and fellow refugees. Negative emotions, mistrust, and socio-cultural differences that emerge throughout the integration processes seem to erode social cohesion among refugee communities, potentially further threatening mental health.Conclusion: Mental health problems and integration processes appear to be closely related across different areas of integration. Innovative solutions to challenges identified by members of the refugee community in Germany stand to benefit mental health and integration outcomes simultaneously.

General political attitudes and opinions on current political issues. Political tasks.

Topics: the most important problem in Germany; party sympathy; political interest; tackling long-term problems in Germany: assessing the intensity of the activities of the federal government from CDU/CSU and SPD in relation to long-term problems; preference for high taxes and comprehensive social benefits vs. low taxes and low social benefits; desired development of social benefits in Germany under the federal government (expansion or reduction of social benefits).

Political tasks: importance of improvements in selected policy areas (e.g. integration of the long-term unemployed, reconciliation of family and career, climate protection, etc.) and assessment of the progress made by the Federal Government in these areas.

Refugees: refugees or asylum seekers in the residential area; rather positive or rather negative experiences with refugees or asylum seekers in the residential area and in Germany; attitude towards refugees in Germany (increase in crime by refugees, need for better qualified labour, cultural enrichment, expected return of most refugees to their home country, Germany cannot afford the refugees financially, good accommodation and care, help against the ageing of the population in the country).

Demography: age; sex; marital status; cohabitation with a partner; education: highest education degree; desired education degree; university degree; vocational education; occupational activity; job security; occupational status; grouping of employees or civil servants; household size; number of persons in the household aged 18 and over; trade union member in the household; denomination; frequency of church attendance; number of telephone numbers in the household.

Additionally coded was: respondent ID; federal state of eligibility to vote; district Berlin formerly west/east; size of location; weighting factor.

In 2024, around ** percent of respondents agreed with the statement that foreigners only came to Germany to take advantage of the welfare state. This graph shows the results of a survey on agreement with xenophobic statements in Germany. Xenophobic statements This is a still sensitive topic for Germans, framed both by historic events and current ones, such as the influx of migrants and refugees arriving in Germany during recent years, following the overall refugee crisis in Europe. The survey shows skeptical or even negative views about Germany’s future in connection with immigrants. Numbers have fluctuated in the last decade, though since 2014, they have been generally on the rise. Bigger issues Concerns about xenophobia among the German population are closely linked to subsequent concerns about the spread of right-wing populism and nationalism, or acts of politically motivated crime. These issues worry not only Germany, both in terms of the population and the government, but other European countries as well.

Attitudes towards the foreign policy situation. Germany´s international and European role. Aims and instruments of German foreign policy. International Relations. Foreign Relations of the EU. Defence and Armaments Policy.

Topics: 1. Foreign policy situation: most important problem worldwide (open); urgent problems worldwide; foreign policy interest: uncertain times in view of the global economic and political situation; expected secure future for Germany; areas of urgent need for solutions worldwide (refugees and causes of flight, climate change, the global economy and free trade, combating terrorism, peacekeeping and avoiding military conflicts); expected increase in violent conflicts worldwide; expected increase in larger waves of refugees; greater risk of terrorist attacks because of refugees in Germany; Islam as a threat to Western democracies; assessment of various conflicts and regions with regard to the potential threat to world peace.

1. Germany´s international role: opinion on Germany´s participation in conflict resolution (general and military); opinion on the participation of the Bundeswehr in international anti-terrorism operations; opinion on Germany´s influence in the world; opinion on Germany´s reputation in the world; opinion on the assertion of German interests towards other states; advocacy of permanent membership of Germany in the UN Security Council.

2. Objectives of German foreign policy: opinion on Germany´s commitment to the economic interests of German companies; Germany´s resolute commitment to democracy versus rather restraint; Germany´s resolute commitment to human rights versus rather restraint.

3. Instruments of German foreign policy: preferred instruments of human rights policy; opinion on the scope of development aid; opinion on the conditionalisation of development aid; combating the causes of flight in Africa: significantly fewer refugees through other EU development and economic policies; Germany can make a substantial contribution to combating the causes of refugee flight in Africa.

4. international relations: role of the UN in international peacekeeping; assessment of Germany´s relations with France, the USA and Russia; concerns regarding the policy of US President Trump; USA under Trump as a reliable partner of Europe; call for greater cohesion in Europe because of the policy of Donald Trump; concerns regarding the policy of Russian President Putin; too much dependence on Russian gas; assessment of Western policy towards Russia as too hostile.

5. EU external relations: importance of EU unity in foreign policy issues; expected greater EU unity in foreign policy issues; advocacy of a leading role for Germany in Europe; future world order: world power against which Europe must defend itself most strongly (China, Russia or the USA); opinion on the future involvement of the EU in the resolution of international conflicts; European security policy: preference for the establishment of a separate military organisation versus Europeans should use NATO for this purpose; advocacy of joint European armed forces under European supreme command

6. Defence policy and arms exports: opinion on increasing German defence spending to 2%; opinion on the future of NATO; opinion on the level of future spending on the Bundeswehr and defence or on military missions abroad (split half); conditions for German arms exports.

Demography: sex; age; school-leaving qualification or desired school-leaving qualification; university degree; occupation; occupational status; job security; household size; number of persons in the household aged 18 and over; party affiliation; federal state.

Additionally coded: Respondent ID; Berlin East/West; city size; reached via mobile or fixed network; weighting factor; mobile only: reached at home or elsewhere; reached via an additional fixed network number (homezone or home option) on the mobile phone; fixed network connection in the household; additional mobile phone number; fixed network: number of fixed network numbers and mobile phone numbers via which one can be reached; mobile phone ownership.

International debt issues to GDP (%) in Germany was reported at 50.84 % in 2020, according to the World Bank collection of development indicators, compiled from officially recognized sources. Germany - International debt issues to GDP - actual values, historical data, forecasts and projections were sourced from the World Bank on November of 2025.

Graph and download economic data for Cash Capital Raised Through Issues of Stocks by Corporations for Germany (M1024BDEM421NNBR) from Jan 1907 to Sep 1935 about cash, issues, stocks, Germany, capital, and corporate.

Graph and download economic data for Net Issues of International Debt Securities for All Issuers, All Maturities, Nationality of Issuer in Germany (IDSGAMNINIDE) from Q1 1968 to Q2 2025 about issues, Germany, maturity, debt, Net, and securities.

Techsalerator's News Events Data for Germany: A Comprehensive Overview

Techsalerator's News Events Data for Germany offers a robust resource for businesses, researchers, and media organizations. This dataset compiles information on significant news events across Germany, drawing from a broad array of media sources, including news outlets, online publications, and social platforms. It provides valuable insights for tracking trends, analyzing public sentiment, or monitoring industry-specific developments in Germany.

Key Data Fields
Event Date: Captures the exact date of the news event. This is crucial for analysts monitoring trends over time or for businesses responding to market shifts.

Event Title: A brief headline describing the event. This allows users to quickly categorize and assess news content based on relevance to their interests.

Source: Identifies the news outlet or platform where the event was reported. This helps users track credible sources and assess the reach and influence of the event.

Location: Provides geographic information, indicating where the event took place within Germany. This is especially valuable for regional analysis or localized marketing efforts.

Event Description: A detailed summary of the event, outlining key developments, participants, and potential impact. Researchers and businesses use this to understand the context and implications of the event.

Top 5 News Categories in Germany
Politics: Major news coverage on government decisions, political movements, elections, and policy changes affecting the national landscape.

Economy: Focuses on Germany’s economic indicators, international trade, and corporate activities influencing the business and finance sectors.

Social Issues: News events covering public health, education, immigration, and other societal concerns that shape public discourse.

Sports: Highlights events in football, basketball, and other sports that attract widespread attention and engagement across Germany.

Technology and Innovation: Reports on tech developments, startups, and innovations in Germany’s thriving tech ecosystem, featuring companies like SAP and Siemens.

Top 5 News Sources in Germany
Der Spiegel: A leading news magazine offering in-depth coverage of politics, economy, and international affairs.

Die Zeit: A well-respected publication known for its investigative journalism and analysis of national and global issues.

Bild: A popular tabloid that provides real-time updates on breaking news, entertainment, and sports.

Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung (FAZ): A highly-regarded daily newspaper with comprehensive reporting on politics, business, and cultural events.

Süddeutsche Zeitung: A major German newspaper covering a wide range of topics, from politics and economy to social issues and sports.

Accessing Techsalerator’s News Events Data for Germany
To access Techsalerator’s News Events Data for Germany, please contact info@techsalerator.com with your specific needs. We will provide a customized quote based on the data fields and records you require, with delivery available within 24 hours. Ongoing access options can also be discussed.

Included Data Fields
Event Date
Event Title
Source
Location
Event Description
Event Category (Politics, Economy, Sports, etc.)
Participants (if applicable)
Event Impact (Social, Economic, etc.)

Techsalerator’s dataset is an invaluable tool for keeping track of significant events in Germany. It aids in making informed decisions, whether for business strategy, market analysis, or academic research, providing a clear picture of the country’s news landscape.

It contains 5 interviews with Greek immigrants and immigrant women in Germany (2 women and 3 men), recording the post-war difficulties that led them to migration, the transition from rural life to industrial work, and the problems of returning to Greece. The purpose of the research was also to compare the post-war Greek migration to Germany with the experience of Albanian immigrants in Greece (Collection No 2). On the basis of this comparison, the students produced a radio show entitled "Journey to Infinity", which was broadcast on the then Municipal Radio.

This round of Eurobarometer surveys queried respondents on standard Eurobarometer measures such as public awareness of and attitudes toward the European Union (EU), and also focused on Germany's image, consumer issues, electronic information services, and the purchase of fair trade products. Respondents were asked about their interest in Germany, the sources used to obtain information about Germany, and their opinion of German Chancellor Helmut Kohl with respect to his ability to further European integration. Respondents were also asked a series of questions relating to consumerism, with an emphasis on the quality of products sold, product safety, consumer protection, consumer legislation, consumer education, and product information. Also covered were prices, financial services, and the transition to the single European currency, the euro. Opinions were elicited on the quality of public services that have been or may be opened to competition, including water, gas, electricity, telephones, rubbish collection, hospitals, courts, mail, motorways, buses, railways, trams, subways, and air travel. A few questions probed for views on environmental issues such as the leading causes of environmental damage and proposed solutions. Other questions focused on respondent knowledge of and purchase of fair trade products. Respondents were asked how many bananas they bought, where and from whom they bought them, and whether they would pay more for bananas if they were produced according to fair trade conditions. Questions about electronic information concerned access to and interest in technologies such as satellite dishes, television decoders, teletext, minitel or videotext, video recorders, computers, CD-ROMs, fax, portable telephones, the Internet, pagers, and cable television. Demographic and other background information provided includes respondent's age, sex, marital status, and left-right political self-placement, as well as household income, number of people residing in the home, and region of residence.