description:

This data layer depicts North Dakota Game and Fish Department Pronghorn Antelope Range Map.

The purpose of the data is to provide a comprehensive list and spatial location of North Dakota Pronghorn Antelope Range Map. This dataset is primarily used as a framework data layer for use in GIS and other mapping applications and does not represent a land survey of the range.

Constraints:
Not to be used for navigation, for informational purposes only. See Game and Fish disclaimer for more information.

This data layer depicts North Dakota Game and Fish Department Pronghorn Antelope Range Map.

The purpose of the data is to provide a comprehensive list and spatial location of North Dakota Pronghorn Antelope Range Map. This dataset is primarily used as a framework data layer for use in GIS and other mapping applications and does not represent a land survey of the range.

Constraints:
Not to be used for navigation, for informational purposes only. See Game and Fish disclaimer for more information.

This data layer depicts North Dakota Game and Fish Department Pronghorn Antelope Fawning\foraging Areas Map.

Map of pronghorn distribution developed from a probability of occurrence map created using multi-scale vegetation, abiotic, and anthropogenic features.

A list of available Hunting District Maps for each big game species along with landcover and land ownership calculations. Each Map has associated legal districts printed on the second page.

This analysis uses location data collected on pronghorn antelope that were fitted with GPS collars in Idaho for 2003 – 2020. Individuals using a winter range (as defined as a winter herd), were used for the analysis if their location data was available at the time of the analysis. Each individual’s location dataset is used to estimate winter and summer ranges, and seasonal spring and fall migration using net-squared displacement techniques (Bunnefeld et al. 2011). For pronghorn antelope, the anchor point used to measure distances from occurred near June1 since pronghorn antelope have a higher spatial fidelity to this time of year relative to more transient winter range locations. Fall and spring migration locations are used for the migration route analysis. After individual pronghorn antelope’s spring and fall migration locations are determined, a Brownian Bridge Movement Model (BBMM, Horne et al. 2007) is used to estimate the individuals Utilized Distribution (UD) during the seasonal migrations. Single seasonal migrations are then rescaled to use only the upper 99 percent volume contour. In this process the 99 percent value contour is subtracted from the UD and resulting values less than 0 are rescaled to zero. When an individual had several seasonal migrations, the resulting UDs distributions are combined and averaged to create a single UD of all the seasonal migrations conducted by that individual. Individual UDs are combined for all individuals in the winter herd with available UD information. For migration routes, the following classes were delineated based on the area’s use across the winter herd, used by 1 individual, used by two individuals to 10% of the winter herd, 10 to 20% use of the winter herd, and greater than 20% use by the winter herd. The population level UDs is used to estimate seasonal migration stopover locations. From the combined winter herd UD, the top 10% of recorded values are selected to represent population level stopovers. Gooding Pronghorn Antelope Seasonal Migration StatisticsAnalyzed/Prepared by: Scott BergenJanuary 2021Spatial MetricsAverage length of Migration: 43.8 milesMaximum Migration Length: 101.7 milesMinimum Migration Length: 18.8 milesTotal Migrations Analyzed: 67Total Number of Individuals: 32Total Number Spring Migrations: 24Total Number Fall Migrations: 45Of 67 individual seasonal migrations, 67 used Brownian bridge movement models.Temporal DataExtent of Study: March 14, 2019 – November 28, 2020Spring MigrationFall MigrationStart Date AverageMarch 27October 30 Minimum March 4October 5 MaximumApril 19November 28End Date AverageApril 13November 12 MinimumMarch 22October 20 MaximumJuly 5December 31Duration Average17.8 days13.2 days Minimum1.5 days1.2 days Maximum100.5 days48.5 daysMigration Use Class StatisticsUse ClassAcres 1 individual550,201 Low(>2 individuals – 10%)372,683 Medium (10-20%)188,615 High (>20%)85,863 Stopover55,073

Vector datasets of CWHR range maps are one component of California Wildlife Habitat Relationships (CWHR), a comprehensive information system and predictive model for Californias wildlife. The CWHR System was developed to support habitat conservation and management, land use planning, impact assessment, education, and research involving terrestrial vertebrates in California. CWHR contains information on life history, management status, geographic distribution, and habitat relationships for wildlife species known to occur regularly in California. Range maps represent the maximum, current geographic extent of each species within California. They were originally delineated at a scale of 1:5,000,000 by species-level experts and have gradually been revised at a scale of 1:1,000,000. For more information about CWHR, visit the CWHR webpage (https://www.wildlife.ca.gov/Data/CWHR). The webpage provides links to download CWHR data and user documents such as a look up table of available range maps including species code, species name, and range map revision history; a full set of CWHR GIS data; .pdf files of each range map or species life history accounts; and a User Guide.

This map feeds into a web app that allows a user to examine the known status of structures damaged by the wildfire. If a structure point does not appear on the map it may still have been impacted by the fire. Specific addresses can be searched for in the search bar. Use the imagery and topographic basemaps and photos to positively identify a structure. Photos may only be available for damaged and destroyed structures.

The Baggs pronghorn herd inhabits south-central Wyoming, to the southwest of Rawlins, Wyoming, bounded by Interstate 80 to the north and the Wyoming–Colorado border to the south (fig. 32). This herd unit includes the Atlantic Rim and the eastern part of the Red Desert Basin, which is an arid to semiarid Wyoming big sagebrush-steppe habitat marked by severe winters. Although the landscape is generally remote, human development, including oil and natural gas infrastructure and cattle and sheep ranching, affects the habitat the herd uses. Therefore, a GPS-collaring study (2013–16) was initiated to evaluate the effects of human-caused and environmental change on pronghorn in the Red Desert Basin (Reinking and others, 2018, 2019). Pronghorn in this herd are semimigratory to nomadic and migrate around the Sierra Madre. In general, pronghorn winter to the west of the Sierra Madre range and near Wyoming Highway 789, and spring migrations expand to the southeast, the east, or the north. However, migration routes are not always consistent, and pronghorn can backtrack across their migration route or remain on winter range year round. Some individuals in this herd seasonally overlap with the Elk Mountain herd (refer to the “Elk Mountain Pronghorn” section in this report). Property boundary or legacy livestock ranching fences remain prevalent in the area, restrict pronghorn movement, and pose a direct mortality risk. Interstate 80, the biggest barrier that Baggs pronghorn encounter, is rarely crossed by pronghorn because the interstate has a high traffic volume, net-wired right-of-way fencing, and part of the Union Pacific Railroad parallels the interstate. Wyoming Highway 789, which runs to the north and to the south and divides this herd, is another barrier. However, pronghorn can cross Wyoming Highway 789 more easily than Interstate 80 (Robb and others, 2022). Beginning in 2009, a series of underpasses were constructed on Wyoming Highway 789, to the north of Baggs, Wyoming, but they are used mostly by mule deer. Baggs pronghorn also share habitat and compete for resources with feral horses in the Adobe Town HMA and potentially the Salt Wells Creek HMA, to the west of Wyoming Highway 789 in the southern Red Desert Basin (Hennig, 2021; Hennig and others, 2021, 2022, 2024). Furthermore, feral horses, pronghorn, and cattle have a high degree of overlap at water sources in the Red Desert Basin (Hennig and others, 2021). These mapping layers show the location of the migration routes for pronghorn (Antilocapra americana) in the Baggs population in Wyoming. They were developed from 90 migration sequences collected from a sample size of 32 animals comprising GPS locations collected every ~2 hours.

The project lead for the collection of this data was and Richard Shinn. Pronghorn (28 adult females) were captured and equipped with GPS collars (Sirtrack, Havelock North, NZ) transmitting data from 2015-2020. The Clear Lake herd contains migrants, but this herd does not migrate between traditional summer and winter seasonal ranges. Instead, much of the herd displays a somewhat nomadic migratory tendency, slowly migrating north, east, or south for the summer using various high use areas as they move. Therefore, annual home ranges were modeled using year-round data to demarcate high use areas in lieu of modeling the specific winter ranges commonly seen in other ungulate analyses in California. The areas adjacent to both east and west of Clear Lake Reservoir are highly used during winter by many of the collared animals. Additionally, a few individuals persist west of Highway 139 year-round, seemingly separated from the rest of the herd due to this highway barrier. However, other pronghorn cross this road near Cornell and join this subgroup. Summer ranges are spread out, with many individuals moving southeast through Modoc National Forest or as far north as Fremont National Forest in Oregon. A few outliers in the herd moved long distances south, crossing Rt 139 to Oak Ridge, or east into Likely Tables pronghorn herd areas. GPS locations were fixed between 1-6 hour intervals in the dataset. To improve the quality of the data set as per Bjørneraas et al. (2010), the GPS data were filtered prior to analysis to remove locations which were: i) further from either the previous point or subsequent point than an individual pronghorn is able to travel in the elapsed time, ii) forming spikes in the movement trajectory based on outgoing and incoming speeds and turning angles sharper than a predefined threshold , or iii) fixed in 2D space and visually assessed as a bad fix by the analyst. The methodology used for this migration analysis allowed for the mapping of the herd''s home range and the identification and prioritization of migration corridors. Brownian Bridge Movement Models (BBMMs; Sawyer et al. 2009) were constructed with GPS collar data from 23 migrating pronghorn, including 72 migration sequences, location, date, time, and average location error as inputs in Migration Mapper. The average migration time and average migration distance for pronghorn was 12.11 days and 34.18 km, respectively. Corridors and stopovers were prioritized based on the number of animals moving through a particular area. BBMMs were produced at a spatial resolution of 50 m using a sequential fix interval of less than 27 hours. Due to varying fix rates in the data, separate models using Brownian bridge movement models (BMMM), with an adaptable variance rate, and fixed motion variances of 1000 were produced per migration sequence and visually compared for the entire dataset, with best models being combined prior to population-level analyses (68% of sequences selected with BBMM). In general, fixed motion variances were used when BBMM variances exceeded 8000. Home range analyses were based on data from 24 pronghorn and 47 year-round sequences using a fixed motion variance of 1000. Home range designations for this herd may expand with a larger sample, filling in some of the gaps between home range polygons in the map. Large water bodies were clipped from the final outputs.Corridors are visualized based on pronghorn use per cell, with greater than or equal to 1 pronghorn, greater than or equal to 3 pronghorn (10% of the sample), and greater than or equal to 5 pronghorn (20% of the sample) representing migration corridors, medium use corridors, and high use corridors, respectively. Stopovers were calculated as the top 10 percent of the population level utilization distribution during migrations and can be interpreted as high use areas. Stopover polygon areas less than 20,000 m2 were removed, but remaining small stopovers may be interpreted as short-term resting sites, likely based on a small concentration of points from an individual animal. Home range is visualized as the 50th percentile contour of the home range utilization distribution.

PronghornMigrationCorridors is an ESRI SDE Feature Class showing Migration Corridors of Pronghorn. Migration Corridors is defined as a specific mappable site through which large numbers of animals migrate and the loss of which would change migration routes. This information was derived from field personnel. A variety of data capture techniques were used including drawing on mylar overlays at 1:50,000 scale USGS county mapsheets and implementation of the SmartBoard Interactive Whiteboard using stand-up, real-time digitizing at various scales (Cowardin, M., M. Flenner. March 2003. Maximizing Mapping Resources. GeoWorld 16(3):32-35).

Colorado Parks & Wildlife web application to allow users to turn on range layer data for wildlife species occurring in Colorado.Abert's Squirrel Overall Range Grouped Layers: Amphibians Blanchard's (Northern) Cricket Frog HUC 12 Presence Canyon Tree Frog HUC 12 Presence Couch's Spadefoot HUC 12 Presence Great Basin Spadefoot HUC 12 Presence Great Plains (Western) Narrow-mouthed Toad HUC 12 Presence Northern Leopard Frog HUC 12 Presence Plains Leopard Frog HUC 12 Presence Western Green Toad HUC 12 Presence Wood Frog HUC 12 Presence Grouped Layers: Bald Eagle Bald Eagle Nest Sites Bald Eagle Communal Roosts Bald Eagle Roost Sites Bald Eagle Summer Forage Bald Eagle Winter Concentration Bald Eagle Winter Forage Bald Eagle Winter Range Grouped Layers: Bats Allen's Big-eared Bat Overall Range Big Brown Bat Overall Range Big Free-tailed Bat Overall Range Brazilian Free-tailed Bat Overall Range California Myotis Overall Range Canyon Bat Overall Range Fringed Myotis Overall Range Hoary Bat Overall Range Little Brown Myotis Overall Range Long-eared Myotis Overall Range Long-legged Myotis Overall Range Pallid Bat Overall Range Red Bat Overall Range Silver-haired Bat Overall Range Spotted Bat Overall Range Townsends Big-eared Bat Overall Range Tri-colored Bat Overall Range Western Small-footed Myotis Overall Range Yuma Myotis Overall Range Grouped Layers: Bighorn Sheep Bighorn Migration Patterns Bighorn Migration Corridors Bighorn Production Area Bighorn Summer Concentration Area Bighorn Summer Range Bighorn Mineral Lick Bighorn Water Source Bighorn Severe Winter Range Bighorn Winter Concentration Area Bighorn Winter Range Bighorn Overall Range Grouped Layers: Birds American Bittern Breeding Range Band-tailed Pigeon Breeding Range Barrow Goldeneye Breeding Range Black Swift Breeding Range Black Tern Breeding Range Bobolink Breeding Range Brewer Sparrow Breeding Range Brown-capped Rosy Finch Breeding Range Brown-capped Rosy Finch Overall Range Burrowing Owl Breeding Range Cassin Finch Breeding Range Cassin Sparrow Breeding Range Chestnut-collared Longspur Breeding Range Ferruginous Hawk Breeding Range Golden Eagle Breeding Range Grace Warbler Breeding Range Grasshopper Sparrow Breeding Range Gray Vireo Breeding Range Juniper Titmouse Breeding Range Lark Bunting Breeding Range Lazuli Bunting Breeding Range Least Tern Breeding Range Lewis Woodpecker Breeding Range Long-billed Curlew Breeding Range McCown Longspur Breeding Range Mountain Plover Breeding Range Northern Bobwhite Breeding Range Northern Goshawk Breeding Range Northern Harrier Breeding Range Olive-sided Flycatcher Breeding Range Pinyon Jay Breeding Range Piping Plover Breeding Range Prairie Falcon Breeding Range Purple Martin Breeding Range Rufous Hummingbird Migration Range Sage Sparrow Breeding Range Swainson Hawk Breeding Range Upland Sandpiper Breeding Range Veery Breeding Range Virginia Warbler Breeding Range Western Snowy Plover Breeding Range White-faced Ibis Breeding Range Grouped Layers: Black Bear Black Bear Human Conflict Area Black Bear Fall Concentration Black Bear Summer Concentration Black Bear Overall Range Black-footed Ferret Release Sites Grouped Layers: Black-tailed Prairie Dog Black-tailed Prairie Dog Colony Potential Occurrence Black-tailed Prairie Dog Overall Range Grouped Layers: Bobwhite Quail Bobwhite Quail Concentration Area Bobwhite Quail Overall Range Boreal Toad Overall Range Botta's Pocket Gopher Overall Range Grouped Layers: Columbian Sharp-tailed Grouse Columbian Sharp-tailed Grouse Production Area Columbian Sharp-tailed Grouse Winter Range Columbian Sharp-tailed Grouse Overall Range Dwarf Shrew Overall Range Grouped Layers: Elk Elk Migration Patterns Elk Highway Crossings Elk Summer Concentration Area Elk Summer Range Elk Production Area Elk Limited Use Area Elk Resident Population Area Elk Migration Corridors Elk Severe Winter Range Elk Winter Concentration Area Elk Winter Range Elk Overall Range Grouped Layers: Fish Arkansas Darter HUC 12 Presence Bluehead Sucker HUC 12 Presence Bonytail HUC 12 Presence Brassy Minnow HUC 12 Presence Colorado Pikeminnow HUC 12 Presence Common Shiner HUC 12 Presence Cutthroat Trout HUC 12 Presence Flannelmouth Sucker HUC 12 Presence Flathead Chub HUC 12 Presence Humpback Chub HUC 12 Presence Iowa Darter HUC 12 Presence Lake Chub HUC 12 Presence Mountain Sucker HUC 12 Presence Northern Redbelly Dace HUC 12 Presence Orange-spotted Sunfish HUC 12 Presence Orangethroat Darter HUC 12 Presence Plains Minnow HUC 12 Presence Plains Topminnow HUC 12 Presence Razorback Sucker HUC 12 Presence Rio Grande Chub HUC 12 Presence Rio Grande Sucker HUC 12 Presence Roundtail Chub HUC 12 Presence Southern Redbelly Dace HUC 12 Presence Stonecat HUC 12 Presence Suckermouth Minnow HUC 12 Presence Grouped Layers: Geese Canada Geese Molting Area Canada Geese Brood Concentration Area Canada Geese Foraging Area Canada Geese Production Area Canada Geese Winter Concentration Area Canada Geese Winter Range Snow Geese Winter Range Grouped Layers: Great Blue Heron Great Blue Heron Nesting Area Great Blue Heron Foraging Area Great Blue Heron Historic Nest Area Grouped Layers: Greater Prairie Chicken Greater Prairie Chicken Production Area Greater Prairie Chicken Overall Range Greater Prairie Chicken Historic Range Grouped Layers: Greater Sage Grouse Greater Sage Grouse Brood Area Greater Sage Grouse Production Area Greater Sage Grouse Severe Winter Range Greater Sage Grouse Winter Range Greater Sage Grouse Linkages Greater Sage Grouse Priority and General Habitat Greater Sage Grouse Overall Range Greater Sage Grouse Historic Habitat Gunnison's Prairie Dog Overall Range Grouped Layers: Gunnison's Sage Grouse Gunnison's Sage Grouse Historic Habitat Gunnison's Sage Grouse Brood Area Gunnison's Sage Grouse Production Area Gunnison's Sage Grouse Severe Winter Range Gunnison's Sage Grouse Winter Range Gunnison's Sage Grouse Occupied Habitat Gunnison's Sage Grouse Overall Range Kit Fox Historic Overall Range Grouped Layers: Least Tern Least Tern Production Area Least Tern Foraging Area Grouped Layers: Lesser Prairie Chicken Lesser Prairie Chicken CHAT Priority Areas Lesser Prairie Chicken Estimated Occupied Range Lesser Prairie Chicken Production Area Lesser Prairie Chicken Historic Range Lynx Habitat Grouped Layers: Moose Moose Migration Patterns Moose Priority Habitat Moose Concentration Area Moose Summer Range Moose Winter Range Moose Overall Range Grouped Layers: Mountain Goat Mountain Goat Mineral Lick Mountain Goat Migration Corridors Mountain Goat Production Area Mountain Goat Concentration Area Mountain Goat Summer Range Mountain Goat Winter Range Mountain Goat Overall Range Grouped Layers: Mountain Lion Mountain Lion Human Conflict Area Mountain Lion Peripheral Range Mountain Lion Overall Range Grouped Layers: Mule Deer Mule Deer Migration Patterns Mule Deer Highway Crossing Mule Deer Concentration Area Mule Deer Summer Range Mule Deer Limited Use Area Mule Deer Resident Population Area Mule Deer Migration Corridors Mule Deer Severe Winter Range Mule Deer Winter Concentration Area Mule Deer Winter Range Mule Deer Overall Range New Mexico Jumping Mouse Overall Range Olive-backed Pocket Mouse Overall Range Grouped Layers: Osprey Osprey Nest Sites Osprey Foraging Area Grouped Layers: Peregrine Falcon Peregrine Falcon Nesting Area Peregrine Falcon Potential Nesting Pika Overall Range Grouped Layers: Piping Plover Piping Plover Foraging Area Piping Plover Production Area Grouped Layers: Plains Sharp-tailed Grouse Plains Sharp-tailed Grouse Production Area Plains Sharp-tailed Grouse Overall Range Preble's Meadow Jumping Mouse Overall Range Grouped Layers: Pronghorn Pronghorn Migration Patterns Pronghorn Concentration Area Pronghorn Limited Use Area Pronghorn Resident Population Area Pronghorn Migration Corridors Pronghorn Severe Winter Range Pronghorn Winter Concentration Pronghorn Winter Range Pronghorn Perennial Water Pronghorn Overall Range Pygmy Rabbit Overall Range Pygmy Shrew Overall Range Grouped Layers: Reptiles Black-necked Gartersnake Overall Range Bullsnake Overall Range Coachwhip Overall Range Common Gartersnake Overall Range Common Kingsnake Overall Range Common Lesser Earless Lizard Overall Range Common Sagebrush Lizard Overall Range Common Side-blotched Lizard Overall Range Desert Nightsnake And Chihuahuan Nightsnake Overall Range Desert Spiny Lizard Overall Range Diploid Checkered Whiptail Overall Range Eastern Collared Lizard Overall Range Eastern Hog-nosed Snake Overall Range Glossy Snake Overall Range Great Plains Ratsnake Overall Range Great Plains Skink Overall Range Hernandez's Short-horned Lizard Overall Range Lined Snake Overall Range Long-nosed Leopard Lizard Overall Range Long-nosed Snake Overall Range Massasauga Overall Range Massasauga

description: This map depicts lands owned and/or administered by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service at Hart Mountain National Antelope Refuge.; abstract: This map depicts lands owned and/or administered by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service at Hart Mountain National Antelope Refuge.

Pronghorn distribution, season of habitat use, and habitat values are determined by local wildlife biologist relying on observations, surveys, and radio/satellite data. For use in large-scale planning and reporting.Habitat definitions:Crucial value - habitat on which the local population of a wildlife species depends for survival because there are no alternative ranges or habitats available. Crucial value habitat is essential to the life history requirements of a wildlife species. Degradation or unavailability of crucial habitat will lead to significant declines in carrying capacity and/or numbers of wildlife species in question.Substantial value - habitat used by a wildlife species but is not crucial for population survival. Degradation or unavailability of substantial value habitat will not lead to significant declines in carrying capacity and/or numbers of the wildlife species in question.

Analysis of ‘Pronghorn Range - CWHR M182 [ds946]’ provided by Analyst-2 (analyst-2.ai), based on source dataset retrieved from https://catalog.data.gov/dataset/36f1e283-cbb0-4010-b8fc-5d04c7a5e8bb on 27 January 2022.

--- Dataset description provided by original source is as follows ---

Vector datasets of CWHR range maps are one component of California Wildlife Habitat Relationships (CWHR), a comprehensive information system and predictive model for Californias wildlife. The CWHR System was developed to support habitat conservation and management, land use planning, impact assessment, education, and research involving terrestrial vertebrates in California. CWHR contains information on life history, management status, geographic distribution, and habitat relationships for wildlife species known to occur regularly in California. Range maps represent the maximum, current geographic extent of each species within California. They were originally delineated at a scale of 1:5,000,000 by species-level experts and have gradually been revised at a scale of 1:1,000,000. For more information about CWHR, visit the CWHR webpage (https://www.wildlife.ca.gov/Data/CWHR). The webpage provides links to download CWHR data and user documents such as a look up table of available range maps including species code, species name, and range map revision history; a full set of CWHR GIS data; .pdf files of each range map or species life history accounts; and a User Guide.

--- Original source retains full ownership of the source dataset ---

We studied the habitat selection of pronghorn (Antilocapra americana) during seasonal migration; an important period in an animal’s annual cycle associated with broad-scale movements. We further decompose our understanding of migration habitat itself as the product of both broad- and fine-scale behavioral decisions and take a multi-scale approach to assess pronghorn spring and fall migration across the transboundary Northern Sagebrush Steppe region. We used a hierarchical habitat selection framework to assess a suite of natural and anthropogenic features that have been shown to influence selection patterns of pronghorn at both broad (migratory neighborhood) and fine (migratory pathway) scales. We then combined single-scale predictions into a scale-integrated step selection function (ISSF) map to assess its effectiveness in predicting migration route habitat. During spring, pronghorn selected for native grasslands, areas of high forage productivity (NDVI), and avoided human activity (i.e., roads and oil and natural gas wells). During fall, pronghorn selected for native grasslands, larger streams and rivers, and avoided roads. We detected avoidance of paved roads, unpaved roads, and wells at broad spatial scales, but no response to these features at fine scales. In other words, migratory pronghorn responded more strongly to anthropogenic features when selecting a broad neighborhood through which to migrate than when selecting individual steps along their migratory pathway. Our results demonstrate that scales of migratory route selection are hierarchically nested within each other from broader (second-order) to finer scales (third-order). In addition, we found other variables during particular migratory periods (i.e., native grasslands in spring) were selected for across scales indicating their importance for pronghorn. The mapping of ungulate migration habitat is a topic of high conservation relevance. In some applications, corridors are mapped according to telemetry location data from a sample of animals, with the assumption that the sample adequately represents habitat for the entire population. Our use of multi-scale modelling to predict resource selection during migration shows promise and may offer another relevant alternative for use in future conservation planning and land management decisions where telemetry-based sampling is unavailable or incomplete.

Methods The following databases were recorded using GPS-radio collars deployed on female pronghorn. Collars took GPS locations either every 2 or 4 hours. Important variables were intersected and added to both use and available locations for each scale of selection. Here are the names of the two databases:

Pronghorn_NSS_3rd_Order_Data_PlosOne_Paper

Pronghorn_NSS_2nd_Order_Data_PlosOne_Paper

The datasets used in the creation of the predicted Habitat Suitability models includes the CWHR range maps of Californias regularly-occurring vertebrates which were digitized as GIS layers to support the predictions of the CWHR System software. These vector datasets of CWHR range maps are one component of California Wildlife Habitat Relationships (CWHR), a comprehensive information system and predictive model for Californias wildlife. The CWHR System was developed to support habitat conservation and management, land use planning, impact assessment, education, and research involving terrestrial vertebrates in California. CWHR contains information on life history, management status, geographic distribution, and habitat relationships for wildlife species known to occur regularly in California. Range maps represent the maximum, current geographic extent of each species within California. They were originally delineated at a scale of 1:5,000,000 by species-level experts and have gradually been revised at a scale of 1:1,000,000. For more information about CWHR, visit the CWHR webpage (https://www.wildlife.ca.gov/Data/CWHR). The webpage provides links to download CWHR data and user documents such as a look up table of available range maps including species code, species name, and range map revision history; a full set of CWHR GIS data; .pdf files of each range map or species life history accounts; and a User Guide.The models also used the CALFIRE-FRAP compiled "best available" land cover data known as Fveg. This compilation dataset was created as a single data layer, to support the various analyses required for the Forest and Rangeland Assessment, a legislatively mandated function. These data are being updated to support on-going analyses and to prepare for the next FRAP assessment in 2015. An accurate depiction of the spatial distribution of habitat types within California is required for a variety of legislatively-mandated government functions. The California Department of Forestry and Fire Protections CALFIRE Fire and Resource Assessment Program (FRAP), in cooperation with California Department of Fish and Wildlife VegCamp program and extensive use of USDA Forest Service Region 5 Remote Sensing Laboratory (RSL) data, has compiled the "best available" land cover data available for California into a single comprehensive statewide data set. The data span a period from approximately 1990 to 2014. Typically the most current, detailed and consistent data were collected for various regions of the state. Decision rules were developed that controlled which layers were given priority in areas of overlap. Cross-walks were used to compile the various sources into the common classification scheme, the California Wildlife Habitat Relationships (CWHR) system.CWHR range data was used together with the FVEG vegetation maps and CWHR habitat suitability ranks to create Predicted Habitat Suitability maps for species. The Predicted Habitat Suitability maps show the mean habitat suitability score for the species, as defined in CWHR. CWHR defines habitat suitability as NO SUITABILITY (0), LOW (0.33), MEDIUM (0.66), or HIGH (1) for reproduction, cover, and feeding for each species in each habitat stage (habitat type, size, and density combination). The mean is the average of the reproduction, cover, and feeding scores, and can be interpreted as LOW (less than 0.34), MEDIUM (0.34-0.66), and HIGH (greater than 0.66) suitability. Note that habitat suitability ranks were developed based on habitat patch sizes >40 acres in size, and are best interpreted for habitat patches >200 acres in size. The CWHR Predicted Habitat Suitability rasters are named according to the 4 digit alpha-numeric species CWHR ID code. The CWHR Species Lookup Table contains a record for each species including its CWHR ID, scientific name, common name, and range map revision history (available for download at https://www.wildlife.ca.gov/Data/CWHR).

Vector datasets of CWHR range maps are one component of California Wildlife Habitat Relationships (CWHR), a comprehensive information system and predictive model for Californias wildlife. The CWHR System was developed to support habitat conservation and management, land use planning, impact assessment, education, and research involving terrestrial vertebrates in California. CWHR contains information on life history, management status, geographic distribution, and habitat relationships for wildlife species known to occur regularly in California. Range maps represent the maximum, current geographic extent of each species within California. They were originally delineated at a scale of 1:5,000,000 by species-level experts and have gradually been revised at a scale of 1:1,000,000. For more information about CWHR, visit the CWHR webpage (https://www.wildlife.ca.gov/Data/CWHR). The webpage provides links to download CWHR data and user documents such as a look up table of available range maps including species code, species name, and range map revision history; a full set of CWHR GIS data; .pdf files of each range map or species life history accounts; and a User Guide.

Probability map of pronghorn occurrence in relation to vegetation, abiotic, and anthropogenic features.

The project lead for the collection of this data was Richard Shinn. Pronghorn (9 adult females) were captured and equipped with GPS collars (Sirtrack, Havelock North, NZ) transmitting data from 2019-2020. The Mount Dome herd contains short distance, elevation-based migrants, but this herd does not migrate between traditional summer and winter seasonal ranges. Instead, much of the herd displays a somewhat nomadic migratory tendency, slowly moving up or down elevational gradients. Some individuals used higher elevation areas throughout the summer, though this pattern was not ubiquitous. Therefore, annual home ranges were modeled using year-round data to demarcate high use areas in lieu of modeling the specific winter ranges commonly seen in other ungulate analyses in California. The plateau extending south of Sardine Flat is highly used during winter by many of the collared animals, while the higher elevation flatlands between Klamath Lake Sump and Mount Dome are used in summer. Overall, a much smaller area is used than adjacent pronghorn herds in California, with much of the full home range extent being high use. GPS locations were fixed between 1-2 hour intervals in the dataset. To improve the quality of the data set as per Bjørneraas et al. (2010), the GPS data were filtered prior to analysis to remove locations which were: i) further from either the previous point or subsequent point than an individual pronghorn is able to travel in the elapsed time, ii) forming spikes in the movement trajectory based on outgoing and incoming speeds and turning angles sharper than a predefined threshold , or iii) fixed in 2D space and visually assessed as a bad fix by the analyst. The methodology used for this migration analysis allowed for the mapping of the herd''s home range. Brownian bridge movement models (BBMMs; Sawyer et al. 2009) were constructed with GPS collar data from 9 pronghorn, including 12 migration sequences, location, date, time, and average location error as inputs in Migration Mapper. BBMMs were produced at a spatial resolution of 50 m using a sequential fix interval of less than 27 hours and a fixed motion variance of 1000. Large water bodies were clipped from the final outputs. Home range is visualized as the 50th percentile contour (high use) and the 99th percentile contour of the year-round utilization distribution. Twelve years of collective movement data from 9 individuals were used to construct home ranges. Home range designations for this herd may expand with a larger sample.

Interest in the movement of pronghorn south of Arizona’s Interstate 40 (I-40) began when telemetry data from 1999 – 2004 showed seasonal round-trip movements upwards of 100 miles. In 2018, high-resolution GPS location data confirmed persistence of this remarkable pronghorn migration. This herd resides primarily in Game Management Unit 8, which had a population estimate of 400 individuals in 2019. Unlike traditional summer-winter range dynamics, this pronghorn population uses a complex of several important seasonal ranges during their annual movements, which are connected by narrow corridors. The herd has high fidelity to these corridors, which elevates the importance of research and management efforts to conserve them. During the summer, these pronghorn inhabit large grasslands in the Garland Prairie area. During migration, animals parallel I-40 westward moving through densely forested habitat, then grasslands near Ash Fork, and finally moving south to winter range near Drake, AZ. ...