Some say climate change is the biggest threat of our age while others say it’s a myth based on dodgy science. We are turning some of the data over to you so you can form your own view.

Even more than with other data sets that Kaggle has featured, there’s a huge amount of data cleaning and preparation that goes into putting together a long-time study of climate trends. Early data was collected by technicians using mercury thermometers, where any variation in the visit time impacted measurements. In the 1940s, the construction of airports caused many weather stations to be moved. In the 1980s, there was a move to electronic thermometers that are said to have a cooling bias.

Given this complexity, there are a range of organizations that collate climate trends data. The three most cited land and ocean temperature data sets are NOAA’s MLOST, NASA’s GISTEMP and the UK’s HadCrut.

We have repackaged the data from a newer compilation put together by the Berkeley Earth, which is affiliated with Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory. The Berkeley Earth Surface Temperature Study combines 1.6 billion temperature reports from 16 pre-existing archives. It is nicely packaged and allows for slicing into interesting subsets (for example by country). They publish the source data and the code for the transformations they applied. They also use methods that allow weather observations from shorter time series to be included, meaning fewer observations need to be thrown away.

In this dataset, we have include several files:

Global Land and Ocean-and-Land Temperatures (GlobalTemperatures.csv):

• Date: starts in 1750 for average land temperature and 1850 for max and min land temperatures and global ocean and land temperatures
• LandAverageTemperature: global average land temperature in celsius
• LandAverageTemperatureUncertainty: the 95% confidence interval around the average
• LandMaxTemperature: global average maximum land temperature in celsius
• LandMaxTemperatureUncertainty: the 95% confidence interval around the maximum land temperature
• LandMinTemperature: global average minimum land temperature in celsius
• LandMinTemperatureUncertainty: the 95% confidence interval around the minimum land temperature
• LandAndOceanAverageTemperature: global average land and ocean temperature in celsius
• LandAndOceanAverageTemperatureUncertainty: the 95% confidence interval around the global average land and ocean temperature

Other files include:

• Global Average Land Temperature by Country (GlobalLandTemperaturesByCountry.csv)
• Global Average Land Temperature by State (GlobalLandTemperaturesByState.csv)
• Global Land Temperatures By Major City (GlobalLandTemperaturesByMajorCity.csv)
• Global Land Temperatures By City (GlobalLandTemperaturesByCity.csv)

The raw data comes from the Berkeley Earth data page.

Supplemental information, excel spreadsheet of data behind figures in the paper, 11 files with code to reproduce the study. Citation information for this dataset can be found in the EDG's Metadata Reference Information section and Data.gov's References section.

The Stata data file "CAP_Hazard_Kavre_Jumla_varnames.dta" and equivalent excel file of the same name comprises data collected by adolescent secondary school students during a "Citizen Science" project in the district of Kavre in the central hills of Nepal during April 2022 and in the district of Jumla in the remote mountains of West Nepal during June 2022. The project was part of a CIFF-funded Children in All Policies 2030 (CAP2030) project.

The data were generated by the students using a mobile device data collection form developed using "Open Data Kit (ODK) Collect" electronic data collection platform by Kathmandu Living Labs (KLL) and University College London (UCL) for the purposes of this study. Researchers from KLL and UCL trained the adolescents to record information, geolocation and/or photos about climate-change associated hazards including landslides, floods, extreme weather events and crop pests/failure. The resulting datafile includes the latitude/longitude, name, and category of the type of hazard, date the hazard event was recorded, date it occurred and the district. Links to photographs of the hazards are included but require login to the KLL server. Users of the data may contact KLL (contact@kathmandulivinglabs.org) or UCL (n.saville@ucl.ac.uk) if access to photographs is required. The data were generated as part of a learning exercise for students to raise awareness of the impacts of climate change in their locale. Since the students were using 10 android tablets to record information in a reasonably limited geographical area, the dataset may contain several copies of the same event recorded by different individuals, so cannot be used for calculation of prevalence of hazard events. Rather, the data serve to demonstrate the potential of citizen science methods with Nepali school students to record such information. The app and the process of gathering the data are described in a paper entitled "Citizen science for climate change resilience: engaging adolescents to study climate hazards, biodiversity and nutrition in rural Nepal" submitted to Wellcome Open Research in Feb 2023. The data contributed to Table 4 of this paper.

The National Pollutant Release Inventory (NPRI) is Canada's public inventory of pollutant releases (to air, water and land), disposals and transfers for recycling. Each file contains annual total releases for the past ten years by media (air, water or land), broken-down by province, industry or substance. Files are in .CSV format. The results can be further broken down using the pre-defined search available at the bottom of the NPRI Data Search webpage. The results returned by the NPRI search engine may differ from the numbers contained in the downloadable files. The online search engine’s results will display releases, disposals and transfers reported by facilities, but does not distinguish between media type (i.e. air, water, land). It also displays facilities reporting only under Ontario Regulation 127/01 and facilities submitting “did not meet criteria” reports. Please consult the following resources to enhance your analysis: - Guide on using and Interpreting NPRI Data: https://www.canada.ca/en/environment-climate-change/services/national-pollutant-release-inventory/using-interpreting-data.html - Access additional data from the NPRI, including datasets and mapping products: https://www.canada.ca/en/environment-climate-change/services/national-pollutant-release-inventory/tools-resources-data/exploredata.html Supplemental Information More NPRI datasets and mapping products are available here: https://www.canada.ca/en/environment-climate-change/services/national-pollutant-release-inventory/tools-resources-data/access.html Supporting Projects: National Pollutant Release Inventory (NPRI)

CDP was founded as the Carbon Disclosure Project in 2000, aimed at encouraging firms to disclose more information about their climate-change-related risks and opportunities. On behalf of investors and governments, the CDP surveys public companies worldwide to assess their dependencies on the world's natural resources and their strategies for reducing greenhouse gas emissions, safeguarding water resources, and preventing deforestation. The 3 annual surveys focus on climate change, forests, and water. We have access to following datasets: Climate Change Data: 2010 - 2021 Climate Change Scores: 2010 - 2021 Climate Change Questionnaires: 2010 - 2021 Water Data: 2010 - 2021 Water Scores: 2016- 2021 Water Questionnaires: 2010 - 2021 Forests Data: 2013 - 2021 Forests Scores: 2016- 2021 Forests Questionnaires: 2013 - 2021 Data files for climate change, forests, and water include tickers and ISINs for the surveyed companies. File format: All data files and scores are in Excel format. All Questionnaires are in PDF format.

The United States Bureau of Land Management (BLM) is tasked with managing over 248 million acres (>1 million km2) of public lands for multiple, often conflicting, uses. Climate change will affect the sustainability of many of these land uses and could further increase conflicts between them. Although natural resource managers are concerned about climate change, many are unable to adequately incorporate climate change into their adaptation strategies or management plans. Due to institutional constraints and limited resources, natural resource managers are not always aware of and/or do not always employ the most current scientific knowledge. To help address these gaps, we first conducted a systematic review of peer-reviewed literature that discussed potential impacts of climate change on the multiple land uses the BLM manages in the Intermountain West (USA). Second, we further expanded these results with a synthesis of projected vegetation changes across the Intermountain West. Finally, we also conducted a content analysis of BLM Resource Management Plans in order to determine how climate change is explicitly addressed by BLM managers, and whether such plans reflect changes predicted by the scientific literature. We found that active resource use generally threatens intrinsic values such as conservation and ecosystem services on BLM land, and climate change is expected to exacerbate these threats in numerous ways. Additionally, our synthesis of vegetation modeling suggests substantial changes in vegetation due to climate change. However, BLM management plans rarely referred to climate change explicitly and did not reflect the results of the literature review or vegetation modeling. Our results suggest there is a disconnect between BLM land management and the best available science on climate change. We recommend that the BLM actively integrate the best available science into on-the-ground management plans and activities and that researchers studying the effects of climate change make a more robust effort to understand the practices and policies of public land management in order to communicate their findings effectively.

Included on this page are the data and code used to complete our analyses. Specifically, there is a PDF of code and instructions for extracting bibliometric data from Scopus bibtex files, an excel spreadsheet detailing articles that discuss land use and climate change, a Word file explaining this spreadsheet, a zip file of all BLM Resource Management Plans that we analyzed, the NVivo file of our plan analysis, and a folder of code and data used to analyze vegetation models.

Based on the results analyzed in the provincial pilot sites, the PCVI could represent both spatial patterns and magnitudes of vulnerability of each community in consistence with the local economic-social-environmental contexts. It generally reflects the differences in the local contexts and factors that determine overall vulnerability of each community. For the ease in calculating the PCVI especially for the provincial operating staffs and general public, the PREvalent Community Climate Change Vulnerability Tool (RECCC) was further developed as a user-friendly, Excel-based program.

Overview

This record contains data on the quality of the public participation processes that were used in the development of the European Union National Energy and Climate Plans (NECPs). Reports submitted between 2018 and 2023 (n=81) were coded using an analytical framework with three main dimensions: inclusiveness, robustness, and integration into policymaking.

File descriptions

necp_participation_readme.docx – an overview of the Zenodo record and the files it contains.

necp_participation_codebook.pdf – a detailed codebook describing the analytical framework, its sub-components (dimensions and indicators), the codes provided for each indicator, and the scores attached to each code.

necp_participation_data.xlsx – an Excel workbook containing the full dataset, formatted for general accessibility. This file is further sub-divided into five worksheets.

• Overview: a brief description of the main components of the Excel workbook.
• Data Dictionary: provides descriptions of each label used in the dataset, including contextual information, coding data, and participation quality scores.
• Codes: dataset of the individual codes that were assigned for each participation indicator, organised by country and report type.
• Scores: dataset of the participation quality scores for each report, based on the results of the qualitative coding.
• Full Dataset: the full dataset containing contextual information, qualitative codes, and scores. This sheet is a formatted version of the CSV version of the dataset (see below).

necp_participation_data.csv – the full dataset on participation quality related to the NECPs, including contextual information, coding results, and scores for each report.

necp_supplemental_tables.pdf – contains tables included as supplemental material for the Journal of European Article reporting on this analysis (see full Zenodo record for up-to-date information).

Suggested data citation

von Homeyer, Ingmar, Sebastian Oberthür, Lea Schewe, Oda G. Flekkøy, and Brendan Moore (2024). Dataset: Public participation in the National Energy and Climate Plans (v1.0). Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14230551.

The National Pollutant Release Inventory (NPRI) is Canada's public inventory of pollutant releases (to air, water and land), disposals and transfers for recycling. Each file contains data from 1993 to the latest reporting year. These CSV format datasets are in normalized or ‘list’ format and are optimized for pivot table analyses. Here is a description of each file: - The RELEASES file contains all substance release quantities. - The DISPOSALS file contains all on-site and off-site disposal quantities, including tailings and waste rock (TWR). - The TRANSFERS file contains all quantities transferred for recycling or treatment prior to disposal. - The COMMENTS file contains all the comments provided by facilities about substances included in their report. - The GEO LOCATIONS file contains complete geographic information for all facilities that have reported to the NPRI. Please consult the following resources to enhance your analysis: - Guide on using and Interpreting NPRI Data: https://www.canada.ca/en/environment-climate-change/services/national-pollutant-release-inventory/using-interpreting-data.html - Access additional data from the NPRI, including datasets and mapping products: https://www.canada.ca/en/environment-climate-change/services/national-pollutant-release-inventory/tools-resources-data/exploredata.html Supplemental Information More NPRI datasets and mapping products are available here: https://www.canada.ca/en/environment-climate-change/services/national-pollutant-release-inventory/tools-resources-data/access.html Supporting Projects: National Pollutant Release Inventory (NPRI)

Data are included from the GISS Surface Temperature (GISTEMP) analysis and the global component of Climate at a Glance (GCAG). Two datasets are provided: 1) global monthly mean and 2) annual mean te...

This dataset is generated during the research article "Factors Determining Bangladeshi University Students' Perception, Knowledge and Attitude About Climate Change: A Cross-Sectional Study" (DOI: 10.1002/hsr2.70722). It contains comprehensive data collected from 1,500 university students across Bangladesh and is structured to explore the determinants of students’ knowledge, perception, and attitude toward climate change.

Dataset Structure The Excel file comprises three sheets:

1. raw Sheet Contains 34 categorical variables, including:

Socio-demographic characteristics: Gender, educational level, study discipline, individual monthly expenditure, residency, and parental education levels.

Information sources: Where students primarily learn about climate change.

Knowledge and perception indicators: Students’ awareness of climate change, beliefs about local manifestations (e.g., extreme weather, floods, droughts, riverbank erosion), and perceived health impacts.

Attitudinal components: Opinions on media's role, necessity for climate education, and willingness to stay informed.

1. coded Sheet A quantitatively transformed version of the raw data with 40 columns.

Includes:

Recoded responses into numerical formats (e.g., Agree = 1, Neutral = 0.5, Disagree = 0).

Composite indicators:

Total Knowledge Score and Knowledge Level (Good vs. Poor)

Total Attitude Score and Attitude Classification

Ready for statistical analysis including regression, correlation, and ANOVA.

1. codebook Sheet Provides the labeling scheme and coding guide.

Maps variable names to simplified labels (e.g., K1 for the first knowledge item) and outlines the numerical values assigned to Likert-scale responses.

Study Background The dataset originates from a cross-sectional survey aimed at understanding how various factors shape Bangladeshi university students’ awareness and attitude toward climate change, with implications for future education and policy initiatives. The associated article investigates the interplay between socio-demographic traits and climate literacy and offers insights for integrating climate topics into higher education curricula in low- and middle-income countries.

Applications This dataset is suitable for:

Descriptive analysis of climate change awareness among youth.

Inferential analysis (e.g., binary logistic regression, t-tests) of determinants influencing knowledge and attitudes.

Modeling the role of socioeconomic and educational background in shaping climate perceptions.

It serves as a valuable resource for public health researchers, environmental educators, and policymakers interested in climate education and youth engagement in climate resilience efforts in Bangladesh and similar contexts.

Excel spreadsheet of data and codes from articles.

Metadata record for data from ASAC Project 2386 See the link below for public details on this project.

---- Public Summary from Project ---- 'Frozen dunes: An indicator of climate variability, McMurdo Dry Valleys, Antarctic'. This is a two year study involving scientists from Australia and New Zealand, which aims to use the internal structure of frozen sand dunes to identify climate change in the unique hyper-arid region of the McMurdo Dry Valleys.

This metadata record describes data collected from an automatic weather station (AWS) situated in the McMurdo Dry Valleys of Antarctica.

The download file contains an excel spreadsheet, which provides some general site information about the location of the AWS, as well as ten minute observations from the end of November 2004 to early December 2004.

The fields in this dataset are:

Date Time Pressure (mbar) Wind Speed (m/s) Gust Speed (m/s) Temperature (degrees C) Wind Direction (degrees) Solar Radiation (W/m^2) Dew Point (degrees C) Relative Humidity (%)

A database of verified tornado occurrences across Canada has been created covering the 30-year period from 1980 to 2009. The data are stored in a Microsoft Excel spreadsheet, including fields for date, time, location, Fujita Rating (intensity), path information, fatalities, injuries, and damage costs. In cases where no data were available, values in the database have been left blank. The tornado data have undergone a number of quality control checks and represent the most current knowledge of past tornado events over the period. However, updates may be made to the database as new or more accurate information becomes available. The database has also been used to produce PNG images and an interactive KML file that can be viewed using Google Earth.

The Sub-global Scenarios that Extend the Global SSP Narratives: Literature Database, Version 1, 2014-2021 consists of 37 columns of bibliographic data, methodological and analytical insights, from 155 articles published from 2014 to 2021 that extended the narratives of global SSPs. Local and regional scale Shared Socioeconomic Pathways (SSPs) have grown largely in addressing Climate Change Impact, Adaptation, and Vulnerability (CCIAV) assessments at sub-global levels. Common elements of these studies, besides their focus on CCIAV, are the use of both quantitative and qualitative elements of the SSPs. To explore and learn from current literature on novel methods and insights on extending SSPs, the sub-global extended SSPs literature database is constructed in the research for analyses. The database was developed in four stages: searches; screening; data extraction; and coding. The search stage incorporated three approaches: using a search string in three academic databases (Scopus, Web of Science Core Collection, ScienceDirect); a targeted search of a specific relevant database (ICONICS); and a targeted selection in Google Scholar of all papers that cited the publication of the global SSP narratives. In the screening step, criteria were assessed for full-text papers for eligibility including relevant typologies, methodologies, and other criteria. Finally, data from eligible papers was extracted and entered in a coding framework in an Excel workbook spreadsheet. The coding framework resulted in 37 columns to systematize coding of data from the 155 papers selected along several different dimensions, including categories of papers or analysis, several subcategories for SSP Applications and SSP Extensions, specific SSPs used, specific Representative Concentration Pathways (RCPs) used, typologies of extensions of qualitative and quantitative SSPs, and the types of models and nature of the extended SSPs.

Metadata record for data expected from ASAC Project 1152 See the link below for public details on this project.

---- Public Summary from Project ---- The small ice-free areas of Antarctica carry a remarkable range of lakes. Within the Vestfold Hills there are several hundred lakes and ponds, many of which are saline. All Antarctic freshwater and saline lakes have simple food webs that are dominated by micro-organisms (bacteria, algae and protozoa). There are no fish and very few zooplankton. These micro-organisms have evolved novel biochemicals and physiological adaptations which enable them to survive and function at sub-zero temperatures in saline lake waters. For example previous work has shown that many of the bacteria contain antifreeze proteins which prevent the cell contents from freezing. If these bacteria have invested in the evolution of antifreeze proteins they must also have developed suites of low temperatures enzymes which mediate routine cellular functions. One aspect of this project will concentrate on identifying such enzymes and quantifying their activity in different bacterial species, which will be identified using modern molecular techniques. Thus the outcome will be a picture of what enzymes occur, and which bacterial groups possess them. Low temperature enzymes have many potential industrial uses and it is hoped that some of the enzymes identified may be developed by industry. The commercial application of some low temperature enzymes, e.g. lipases, are presently being trialled

Our previous work in Vestfold Hills has shown that during the Antarctic winter many of the most successful and abundant protozoans maintain active populations, so that when the brief austral summer arrives 'they hit the deck running'. In order to do this many of them possess extraordinary nutritional versatility. They are able to undertake photosynthesis like plants and eat bacteria. As day length and the light climate change in the annual cycle, such species switch from a dependence on photosynthesis in summer, to feeding on bacteria in winter. We propose investigating this phenomenon, known as mixotrophy, in a number of the dominant species (Pyramimonas and Cryptomonas) in several of the saline lakes within the Vestfold Hills. This work will contribute to understanding how pristine Antarctic lake ecosystems function; information which is fundamental to monitoring changes induced by climate change. It has recently been reported that environmental warming alters food web structure and trophic interactions (Petchy et al., 1999). These delicate ecosystems are likely to show rapid response to climatic perturbations, indeed long-term work in the Dry Valleys of Southern Victoria Land has demonstrated that Antarctic lakes are responding markedly to climate change.

The download file contains an excel spreadsheet of data from Ace Lake and Highway Lake, as well as two word documents, one containing further data, and another containing details on the methods used in the data collection and analysis.

The fields in this dataset are:

Date Depth Chlamydomonas Cryptophyte Heterotrophic bacteria Heterotrophic nanoflagellates Ciliate Mesodinium Paralabidocera Pyramimonas Daphniopsis Chlorophyll a

The Stata data file "jumla_kavre_osmtracker_merged.dta” and equivalent excel file of the same name comprises data on water, waste management and landmarks collected by adolescent secondary school students during a "Citizen Science" project in the district of Kavre in the central hills of Nepal during April 2022 and in the district of Jumla in the remote mountains of West Nepal during June 2022. The project was part of a CIFF-funded Children in All Policies 2030 (CAP2030) project. The data were generated by the students using an open access data collection and mapping application called Open Street Map (OSM) tracker, which had been adapted with Nepali language prompts by Researchers from Kathmandu Living Labs (KLL). Researchers from KLL and University College London (UCL) trained the adolescents to record tracks and way points of certain types of information including categories of waste management (rubbish dumps/bins), water sources and public amenities. The resulting datafile is a summary of the data collected showing the latitude/longitude, name, and category of the type of location and the district. The app and the process of gathering the data are described in a paper entitled "Citizen science for climate change resilience: engaging adolescents to study climate hazards, biodiversity and nutrition in rural Nepal" submitted to Wellcome Open Research in Feb 2023. The data contributed to Table 5, and Figure 4 of this paper.

The Pulp & Paper Effluent Regulations (PPER) were published in 1992 pursuant to the Fisheries Act to control effluent discharges and reduce the impacts of effluents on fish and fish habitat that had been observed at pulp and paper mills across Canada at that time. The Regulations set out limits for certain deleterious substances, prohibit the discharge of effluent that is acutely lethal to rainbow trout, and specify the requirements for carrying out effluent sampling, reporting and environmental effects monitoring (EEM). The Regulations are administered by Environment and Climate Change Canada (ECCC). Regulatory data collected under the PPER has been compiled and formatted by ECCC for the purpose of this data record. This data intends to inform the regulated community, other stakeholders and the interested public on data collected through the PPER, for informational purposes only. Should any discrepancies exist between the original submission and the data presented in this data record, the original data submitted prevails. For any questions concerning the data presented in this record, please contact the Forest Products and Fisheries Act Division at ECCC using the following email: ec.refpppper.ec@canada.ca The files published as part of this record contain daily discharge amounts for suspended solids (SS) and Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD), and the results for effect on Daphnia magna testing, and rainbow trout acute lethality testing required under the PPER as reported to ECCC. Each CSV file contains the data mentioned above, as well as the name of the associated mill and outfall(s). Data collection for this dataset is ongoing. Environmental Effects Monitoring (EEM) is a condition governing the authority to deposit effluent under the PPER pursuant to the Fisheries Act. Under the PPER, sublethal toxicity testing on final effluent twice every calendar year is a required component of the EEM. Testing must be conducted using the methods referenced in the PPER. Tests are conducted on freshwater and marine fish, invertebrate and alga species. The dataset includes test results for all sublethal toxicity tests conducted from 2010 to 2019 on the final effluent of all pulp and paper mills in Canada. Sublethal toxicity testing of final effluent continues for all mills in production. Testing results are submitted electronically into a database by mills on an ongoing basis. The dataset is updated annually and is an Excel file exported from the database, which contains for each test a record identifier, mill identifier, cycle name, effluent description, collection date, laboratory, species, LC50 results and IC25 or EC25 results and comments. Supplemental Information The full text of the Regulations outlining all the requirements is published in Part II of the Canada Gazette and is available here: https://laws-lois.justice.gc.ca/eng/regulations/SOR-92-269/FullText.html A Status Report on the Pulp and Paper Effluent Regulations is available here: http://publications.gc.ca/site/eng/9.696144/publication.html The Pulp and Paper Effluent Regulations Annual Report is published here: https://publications.gc.ca/site/eng/9.898066/publication.html

Metadata record for data from ASAC Project 2720 See the link below for public details on this project.

The overall objective is to characterize Southern Ocean marine ecosystems, their influence on carbon dioxide exchange with the atmosphere and the deep ocean, and their sensitivity to past and future global change including climate warming, ocean stratification, and ocean acidification from anthropogenic CO2 emissions. In particular we plan to take advantage of naturally-occurring, persistent, zonal variations in Southern Ocean primary production and biomass in the Australian Sector to investigate the effects of iron addition from natural sources, and CO2 addition from anthropogenic sources, on Southern Ocean plankton communities of differing initial structure and composition.

These samples were collected on the SAZ-SENSE scientific voyage of the Australian Antarctic Program (Voyage 3 of the Aurora Australis, 2006-2007 season).

SAZ-SENSE is a study of the sensitivity of Sub-Antarctic Zone waters to global change. A 32-day oceanographic voyage onboard Australia's ice-breaker Aurora Australis was undertaken in mid-summer (Jan 17 - Feb. 20) 2007 to examine microbial ecosystem structure and biogeochemical processes in SAZ waters west and east of Tasmania, and also in the Polar Frontal Zone south of the SAZ.

The voyage brought together research teams from Australasia, Europe, and North America, and was led by the ACE CRC, CSIRO Marine and Atmospheric Research, and the Australian Antarctic Division.

The overall goal is to understand the controls on Sub-Antarctic Zone productivity and carbon cycling, and to assess their sensitivity to climate change. The strategy is to compare low productivity waters west of Tasmania (areas with little phytoplankton) with higher productivity waters to the east, with a focus on the role of iron as a limiting micro-nutrient. The study also seeks to examine the effect of rising CO2 levels on phytoplankton - both via regional intercomparisons and incubation experiments.

The data described in this metadata record are for seawater samples collected for HPLC pigments, microscopy and flow cytometry. Samples were collected either by Niskin Bottles (on a CTD), from the ocean surface with a bucket, or via a clean seawater line (at a depth of 7 metres), directly into the onboard laboratories.

Samples for microscopy were examined either with an electron microscope, or a light microscope (lugol samples).

The data are presented in an excel spreadsheet, available for download at the URL given below. The 'Notes' worksheet provides further information about the data contained in the spreadsheet, including a description of column headings, units used, etc.

The fields used in this dataset are:

Tube Label Site CTD Niskin bottle Depth (m) Date (UT) Start Time (UT) Stop Time (UT) Latitude Longitude Lugols Glutaraldehyde fixed samples Flow Coccolithophorids Volume HPLC Volume Turner Fluorometer reading (PAR) Photosynthetically Active Radiation Temperature (degrees C) Comment