Graph and download economic data for Consumer Price Index for All Urban Consumers: Purchasing Power of the Consumer Dollar in U.S. City Average (CUUR0000SA0R) from Jan 1913 to Feb 2025 about urban, consumer, CPI, inflation, price index, indexes, price, and USA.

When converted to the value of one US dollar in 2020, goods and services that cost one dollar in 1700 would cost just over 63 dollars in 2020, this means that one dollar in 1700 was worth approximately 63 times more than it is today. This data can be used to calculate how much goods and services from the years shown would cost today, by multiplying the price from then by the number shown in the graph. For example, an item that cost 50 dollars in 1970 would theoretically cost 335.5 US dollars in 2020 (50 x 6.71 = 335.5), although it is important to remember that the prices of individual goods and services inflate at different rates than currency, therefore this graph must only be used as a guide.

Many effects of the coronavirus pandemic were not reflected in the static purchase power of Dutch households. According to estimates from March 2023, purchase power in the Netherlands was expected to decrease. The source acknowledges, however, that this figure does not include likely scenarios like unemployment and less available work hours due to lower production or available assignments. Before COVID-19, it believed that a large number of Dutch households was going to experience an increase in purchasing power. Roughly 22,000 households, for example, were forecast to see a growth of five percent or more.

 Singles with average income see purchasing power grow the most  

The singles with average incomes (35,000 euros) were expected to see the most significant increase in their purchasing power in 2019, at over two percent. With the exception of couples with one child on a double income (earning between 10,000 and 25,000 euros) though, all other household types could foresee a growth in purchasing power.

Purchasing power under Rutte III-government  

Pensioners and people on social security benefits are especially vulnerable to the dynamics of a changing economic situation. Another forecast released just before the Rutte III government was inaugurated in October 2017 predicted a growth of the purchasing power for all groups under the new government: the working, the pensioners and the recipients of benefits. It was however expected that the purchasing power of the employed group would increase far more than the purchasing power of pensioners and people on social security: 1.4 percent vs. 0.6 and 0.7 percent.

In 2014, after few years of sharp decline, the purchasing power in France reached 1.3 percent. In 2013, the purchasing power in France experienced its strongest decline since 2007. With a decrease of -1 percent compared to the previous year, French purchasing power reached a level lower than the one attained in 2008 during the economic crisis. It had never been so low, even in 2020 with the economic crisis due to COVID-19.

The decline of French purchasing power

Purchasing power, which is the quantity of goods and services that an income can buy, is linked with the inflation rate and the disposable income of households. In France, the inflation rate peaked in 2008 with 2.8 percent. After a decline from 2011 to 2015, the inflation rate has been increasing between 2015 and 2018 in France, reaching 1.8 percent in 2018. It amounted to 4.9 percent in 2023. This had a strong impact on the purchasing power of French households since the average annual household disposable income in France remained stable since 2005.

An important issue in the French public debate

The purchasing power has always been a sensitive topic within French public debate. In 2019, during the Great National Debate launched after the Yellow Vests movement, the purchasing power was mentioned as the priority issue that should be addressed during the debate. Most of the French public perceived the economic policy pursued by Emmanuel Macron and his Prime Minister, as having a negative impact on their purchasing power.

Graph and download economic data for Purchasing Power Parity over GDP for China (PPPTTLCNA618NUPN) from 1952 to 2010 about PPP, China, and GDP.

When converted to the value of one Euro in 2020, goods and services that cost one Euro in the year 2000 would cost approximately 1.39 Euros today, meaning that goods and services in the Eurozone are 39% more expensive today than they were twenty years ago. This data can be used to calculate how much goods and services from the years shown would cost today, by multiplying the price from then by the number shown in the graph. For example, an item that cost 50 Euros in 2010 would theoretically cost 56.5 Euros in 2020's money (i.e. 50 x 1.13 = 56.5).

Ireland IE: Purchasing Power Parity: National Currency per USD data was reported at 0.742 USD/EUR in 2026. This records a decrease from the previous number of 0.744 USD/EUR for 2025. Ireland IE: Purchasing Power Parity: National Currency per USD data is updated yearly, averaging 0.810 USD/EUR from Dec 1990 (Median) to 2026, with 37 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 1.012 USD/EUR in 2005 and a record low of 0.738 USD/EUR in 2022. Ireland IE: Purchasing Power Parity: National Currency per USD data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Ireland – Table IE.OECD.EO: Exchange Rate: Forecast: OECD Member: Annual. PPP - Purchasing power parity, national currency per USD

Ghana GH: Purchasing Power Parity data was reported at 3.300 USD in 2023. This records an increase from the previous number of 2.570 USD for 2022. Ghana GH: Purchasing Power Parity data is updated yearly, averaging 0.380 USD from Dec 1990 (Median) to 2023, with 34 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 3.300 USD in 2023 and a record low of 0.020 USD in 1992. Ghana GH: Purchasing Power Parity data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Ghana – Table GH.OECD.GGI: Governance: Economic Environment and Growth: Non OECD Member: Annual.

This paper contributes to the empirical literature on the purchasing power parity (PPP) over the post-Bretton Woods period by providing a time-series based interpretation of the controversial evidence characterizing the dynamics of real exchange rates. It is shown that the persistence of deviations from the PPP between a set of European countries and the United States may be empirically attributed to the presence of I(2) stochastic trends in prices using Consumer Price Indices. Interestingly, the slow adjustment towards the equilibrium can be modelled through integral-proportional equilibrium correction models and this evidence can be partly reconciled with theories where the inflation rate reduces the markup of profit-maximizing firms acting on imperfectly competitive markets.

Oman OM: Purchasing Power Parity data was reported at 0.200 USD in 2021. This records an increase from the previous number of 0.180 USD for 2020. Oman OM: Purchasing Power Parity data is updated yearly, averaging 0.135 USD from Dec 1990 (Median) to 2021, with 32 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 0.220 USD in 2018 and a record low of 0.070 USD in 1998. Oman OM: Purchasing Power Parity data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Oman – Table OM.OECD.GGI: Governance: Economic Environment and Growth: Non OECD Member: Annual.

This table contains figures on the development of dynamic purchasing power of persons. The purchasing power development is only shown for persons with equal characteristics in the reporting year and the year before. The figures in this table are broken down into different person characteristics, like position in the household and age. The population consists of all persons in private households with income on January 1st of the reporting year.

Data available from: 2012.

Status of the figures: The figures in this table for the period 2012 to 2022 are final. The figures for the period 2023 are preliminary.

Changes as of 12 September 2024: Figures for 2022 have been finalized. Figures for 2023 have been added.

When will new figures be published? New figures will be published in September 2025.

Graph and download economic data for Purchasing Power Parity over GDP for South Africa (PPPTTLZAA618NUPN) from 1950 to 2010 about South Africa, PPP, and GDP.

Kazakhstan KZ: Purchasing Power Parity data was reported at 154.030 USD in 2021. This records an increase from the previous number of 140.810 USD for 2020. Kazakhstan KZ: Purchasing Power Parity data is updated yearly, averaging 39.165 USD from Dec 1990 (Median) to 2021, with 32 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 154.030 USD in 2021 and a record low of 0.000 USD in 1991. Kazakhstan KZ: Purchasing Power Parity data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Kazakhstan – Table KZ.OECD.GGI: Governance: Economic Environment and Growth: Non OECD Member: Annual.

Indonesia ID: Purchasing Power Parity: National Currency per USD: Double Hit Scenario data was reported at 4,743.120 USD/IDR in 2021. This stayed constant from the previous number of 4,743.120 USD/IDR for 2020. Indonesia ID: Purchasing Power Parity: National Currency per USD: Double Hit Scenario data is updated yearly, averaging 2,725.606 USD/IDR from Dec 1995 (Median) to 2021, with 27 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 4,759.630 USD/IDR in 2018 and a record low of 510.349 USD/IDR in 1995. Indonesia ID: Purchasing Power Parity: National Currency per USD: Double Hit Scenario data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Indonesia – Table ID.OECD.EO: Exchange Rate: Forecast: Non OECD Member: Annual. PPP - Purchasing power parity, national currency per USD

Croatia Purchasing Power Parity: USD to Local Currency data was reported at 0.456 USD/EUR in 2026. This records an increase from the previous number of 0.451 USD/EUR for 2025. Croatia Purchasing Power Parity: USD to Local Currency data is updated yearly, averaging 0.472 USD/EUR from Dec 1995 (Median) to 2026, with 32 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 0.543 USD/EUR in 2005 and a record low of 0.407 USD/EUR in 2021. Croatia Purchasing Power Parity: USD to Local Currency data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Croatia – Table HR.OECD.EO: Exchange Rate: Forecast: Non OECD Member: Annual. PPP - Purchasing power parity, national currency per USD

Purchasing power parity of Germany rose by 4.21% from 0.7 LCU per international dollars in 2022 to 0.7 LCU per international dollars in 2023. Since the 1.52% decline in 2020, purchasing power parity went up by 3.01% in 2023. Purchasing power parity conversion factor is the number of units of a country's currency required to buy the same amounts of goods and services in the domestic market as U.S. dollar would buy in the United States. This conversion factor is for GDP.

Purchasing power parity of Guatemala rose by 2.94% from 3.2 LCU per international dollars in 2022 to 3.3 LCU per international dollars in 2023. Since the 2.18% decline in 2020, purchasing power parity went up by 3.93% in 2023. Purchasing power parity conversion factor is the number of units of a country's currency required to buy the same amounts of goods and services in the domestic market as U.S. dollar would buy in the United States. This conversion factor is for GDP.

Graph and download economic data for Purchasing Power Parity over GDP for Nigeria (PPPTTLNGA618NUPN) from 1950 to 2010 about Nigeria, PPP, and GDP.

Graph and download economic data for Purchasing Power Parity over GDP for Poland (PPPTTLPLA618NUPN) from 1970 to 2010 about Poland, PPP, and GDP.

Spain ES: GNI: PPP data was reported at 1,769,480.406 Intl $ mn in 2017. This records an increase from the previous number of 1,687,230.964 Intl $ mn for 2016. Spain ES: GNI: PPP data is updated yearly, averaging 1,081,106.838 Intl $ mn from Dec 1990 (Median) to 2017, with 28 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 1,769,480.406 Intl $ mn in 2017 and a record low of 525,913.658 Intl $ mn in 1990. Spain ES: GNI: PPP data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Spain – Table ES.World Bank.WDI: Gross Domestic Product: Purchasing Power Parity. PPP GNI (formerly PPP GNP) is gross national income (GNI) converted to international dollars using purchasing power parity rates. An international dollar has the same purchasing power over GNI as a U.S. dollar has in the United States. Gross national income is the sum of value added by all resident producers plus any product taxes (less subsidies) not included in the valuation of output plus net receipts of primary income (compensation of employees and property income) from abroad. Data are in current international dollars. For most economies PPP figures are extrapolated from the 2011 International Comparison Program (ICP) benchmark estimates or imputed using a statistical model based on the 2011 ICP. For 47 high- and upper middle-income economies conversion factors are provided by Eurostat and the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD).; ; World Bank, International Comparison Program database.; Gap-filled total;