The Best Management Practices Statistical Estimator (BMPSE) version 1.2.0 was developed by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), in cooperation with the Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) Office of Project Delivery and Environmental Review to provide planning-level information about the performance of structural best management practices for decision makers, planners, and highway engineers to assess and mitigate possible adverse effects of highway and urban runoff on the Nation's receiving waters (Granato 2013, 2014; Granato and others, 2021). The BMPSE was assembled by using a Microsoft Access® database application to facilitate calculation of BMP performance statistics. Granato (2014) developed quantitative methods to estimate values of the trapezoidal-distribution statistics, correlation coefficients, and the minimum irreducible concentration (MIC) from available data. Granato (2014) developed the BMPSE to hold and process data from the International Stormwater Best Management Practices Database (BMPDB, www.bmpdatabase.org). Version 1.0 of the BMPSE contained a subset of the data from the 2012 version of the BMPDB; the current version of the BMPSE (1.2.0) contains a subset of the data from the December 2019 version of the BMPDB. Selected data from the BMPDB were screened for import into the BMPSE in consultation with Jane Clary, the data manager for the BMPDB. Modifications included identifying water quality constituents, making measurement units consistent, identifying paired inflow and outflow values, and converting BMPDB water quality values set as half the detection limit back to the detection limit. Total polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) values were added to the BMPSE from BMPDB data; they were calculated from individual PAH measurements at sites with enough data to calculate totals. The BMPSE tool can sort and rank the data, calculate plotting positions, calculate initial estimates, and calculate potential correlations to facilitate the distribution-fitting process (Granato, 2014). For water-quality ratio analysis the BMPSE generates the input files and the list of filenames for each constituent within the Graphical User Interface (GUI). The BMPSE calculates the Spearman’s rho (ρ) and Kendall’s tau (τ) correlation coefficients with their respective 95-percent confidence limits and the probability that each correlation coefficient value is not significantly different from zero by using standard methods (Granato, 2014). If the 95-percent confidence limit values are of the same sign, then the correlation coefficient is statistically different from zero. For hydrograph extension, the BMPSE calculates ρ and τ between the inflow volume and the hydrograph-extension values (Granato, 2014). For volume reduction, the BMPSE calculates ρ and τ between the inflow volume and the ratio of outflow to inflow volumes (Granato, 2014). For water-quality treatment, the BMPSE calculates ρ and τ between the inflow concentrations and the ratio of outflow to inflow concentrations (Granato, 2014; 2020). The BMPSE also calculates ρ between the inflow and the outflow concentrations when a water-quality treatment analysis is done. The current version (1.2.0) of the BMPSE also has the option to calculate urban-runoff quality statistics from inflows to BMPs by using computer code developed for the Highway Runoff Database (Granato and Cazenas, 2009;Granato, 2019). Granato, G.E., 2013, Stochastic empirical loading and dilution model (SELDM) version 1.0.0: U.S. Geological Survey Techniques and Methods, book 4, chap. C3, 112 p., CD-ROM https://pubs.usgs.gov/tm/04/c03 Granato, G.E., 2014, Statistics for stochastic modeling of volume reduction, hydrograph extension, and water-quality treatment by structural stormwater runoff best management practices (BMPs): U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2014–5037, 37 p., http://dx.doi.org/10.3133/sir20145037. Granato, G.E., 2019, Highway-Runoff Database (HRDB) Version 1.1.0: U.S. Geological Survey data release, https://doi.org/10.5066/P94VL32J. Granato, G.E., and Cazenas, P.A., 2009, Highway-Runoff Database (HRDB Version 1.0)--A data warehouse and preprocessor for the stochastic empirical loading and dilution model: Washington, D.C., U.S. Department of Transportation, Federal Highway Administration, FHWA-HEP-09-004, 57 p. https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2009/5269/disc_content_100a_web/FHWA-HEP-09-004.pdf Granato, G.E., Spaetzel, A.B., and Medalie, L., 2021, Statistical methods for simulating structural stormwater runoff best management practices (BMPs) with the stochastic empirical loading and dilution model (SELDM): U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2020–5136, 41 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20205136

This data set contains the replication data and supplements for the article "Knowing, Doing, and Feeling: A three-year, mixed-methods study of undergraduates’ information literacy development." The survey data is from two samples: - cross-sectional sample (different students at the same point in time) - longitudinal sample (the same students and different points in time)Surveys were distributed via Qualtrics during the students' first and sixth semesters. Quantitative and qualitative data were collected and used to describe students' IL development over 3 years. Statistics from the quantitative data were analyzed in SPSS. The qualitative data was coded and analyzed thematically in NVivo. The qualitative, textual data is from semi-structured interviews with sixth-semester students in psychology at UiT, both focus groups and individual interviews. All data were collected as part of the contact author's PhD research on information literacy (IL) at UiT. The following files are included in this data set: 1. A README file which explains the quantitative data files. (2 file formats: .txt, .pdf)2. The consent form for participants (in Norwegian). (2 file formats: .txt, .pdf)3. Six data files with survey results from UiT psychology undergraduate students for the cross-sectional (n=209) and longitudinal (n=56) samples, in 3 formats (.dat, .csv, .sav). The data was collected in Qualtrics from fall 2019 to fall 2022. 4. Interview guide for 3 focus group interviews. File format: .txt5. Interview guides for 7 individual interviews - first round (n=4) and second round (n=3). File format: .txt 6. The 21-item IL test (Tromsø Information Literacy Test = TILT), in English and Norwegian. TILT is used for assessing students' knowledge of three aspects of IL: evaluating sources, using sources, and seeking information. The test is multiple choice, with four alternative answers for each item. This test is a "KNOW-measure," intended to measure what students know about information literacy. (2 file formats: .txt, .pdf)7. Survey questions related to interest - specifically students' interest in being or becoming information literate - in 3 parts (all in English and Norwegian): a) information and questions about the 4 phases of interest; b) interest questionnaire with 26 items in 7 subscales (Tromsø Interest Questionnaire - TRIQ); c) Survey questions about IL and interest, need, and intent. (2 file formats: .txt, .pdf)8. Information about the assignment-based measures used to measure what students do in practice when evaluating and using sources. Students were evaluated with these measures in their first and sixth semesters. (2 file formats: .txt, .pdf)9. The Norwegain Centre for Research Data's (NSD) 2019 assessment of the notification form for personal data for the PhD research project. In Norwegian. (Format: .pdf)

The interview data was gathered for a project that investigated the practices of instructors who use quantitative data to teach undergraduate courses within the Social Sciences. The study was undertaken by employees of the University of California, Santa Barbara (UCSB) Library, who participated in this research project with 19 other colleges and universities across the U.S. under the direction of Ithaka S+R. Ithaka S+R is a New York-based research organization, which, among other goals, seeks to develop strategies, services, and products to meet evolving academic trends to support faculty and students.

The field of Social Sciences has been notoriously known for valuing the contextual component of data and increasingly entertaining more quantitative and computational approaches to research in response to the prevalence of data literacy skills needed to navigate both personal and professional contexts. Thus, this study becomes particularly timely to identify current instructors’ practi..., The project followed a qualitative and exploratory approach to understand current practices of faculty teaching with data. The study was IRB approved and was exempt by the UCSB’s Office of Research in July 2020 (Protocol 1-20-0491).Â

The identification and recruitment of potential participants took into account the selection criteria pre-established by Ithaka S+R: a) instructors of courses within the Social Sciences, considering the field as broadly defined, and making the best judgment in cases the discipline intersects with other fields; b) instructors who teach undergraduate courses or courses where most of the students are at the undergraduate level; c) instructors of any rank, including adjuncts and graduate students; as long as they were listed as instructors of record of the selected courses; d) instructors who teach courses were students engage with quantitative/computational data.Â

The sampling process followed a combination of strategies to more easily identify instructo..., The data folder contains 10Â pdf files with de-identified transcriptions of the interviews and the pdf files with the recruitment email and the interview guide.Â

Data is becoming increasingly ubiquitous today, and data literacy has emerged an essential skill in the workplace. Therefore, it is necessary to equip high school students with data literacy skills in order to prepare them for further learning and future employment. In Indonesia, there is a growing shift towards integrating data literacy in the high school curriculum. As part of a pilot intervention project, academics from two leading Universities organised data literacy boot camps for high school students across various cities in Indonesia. The boot camps aimed at increasing participants’ awareness of the power of analytical and exploration skills, which in turn, would contribute to creating independent and data-literate students. This paper explores student participants’ self-perception of their data literacy as a result of the skills acquired from the boot camps. Qualitative and quantitative data were collected through student surveys and a focus group discussion, and were used to analyse student perception post-intervention. The findings indicate that students became more aware of the usefulness of data literacy and its application in future studies and work after participating in the boot camp. Of the materials delivered at the boot camps, students found the greatest benefit in learning basic statistical concepts and applying them through the use of Microsoft Excel as a tool for basic data analysis. These findings provide valuable policy recommendations that educators and policymakers can use as guidelines for effective data literacy teaching in high schools.

Code and associated data for the following preprint:

AP Browning, JA Sharp, RJ Murphy, G Gunasingh, B Lawson, K Burrage, NK Haass, MJ Simpson. 2021 Quantitative analysis of tumour spheroid structure. eLife http://dx.doi.org/https://doi.org/10.7554/eLife.73020

Data comprises measurements relating to the size and inner structure of spheroids grown from WM793b and WM983b melanoma cells over up to 24 days.

Code, data, and interactive figures are available as a Julia module on GitHub:

Browning AP (2021) Github ID v.0.6.2. Quantitative analysis of tumour spheroid structure. https://github.com/ap-browning/Spheroids

(copy archived here)

Code used to process the experimental images is available on Zenodo:

Browning AP, Murphy RJ (2021) Zenodo Image processing algorithm to identify structure of tumour spheroids with cell cycle labelling. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5121093

Because of the COVID-19 pandemic, presentation of public health data to the public has increased without much of the public having the knowledge to understand what these statistics mean or why some populations are at higher risk of adverse outcomes. Recognizing that those most impacted by COVID-19 are from vulnerable populations, we developed a training program called "The quantitative public health data literacy training program", aimed at increasing the data literacy of towards high school and college students from such vulnerable groups that introduces the basics of public health, data literacy, statistical software, descriptive statistics, and data ethics. The instructors taught eight synchronous sessions (five were also offered asynchronously), consisting of lectures and experiential group exercises. The program recruited, engaged, and retained a large cohort (n > 100) of underrepresented students in biostatistics and data science for a virtual data literacy training. The course provides a framework for developing and implementing similar public health training programs designed to increase diversity in the field.This project provides de-identified data for program's baseline/final assessment , program feedback as well as grades for certain portion of the program. The "Data-files" folder contains all the data collected during program. Along with the deidentified data, code is also provided (in R language) to analyze the data as presented in tables in potential publications.

Here are a few use cases for this project:

1. Academic Research: Researchers analyzing quantitative data can use the BarPlots model to automate the extraction of information from barplot images found in research papers or online academic resources, improving the efficiency of literature reviews and meta-analyses.

2. Data Journalism: Journalists can use this model to automate the extraction of data from barplots found in various resources, enabling them to verify statistics, compare different data sources or identify trends over time.

3. Market Research: Market researchers could utilize this tool to extract data from competitor analysis reports, consumer behavior studies, or market trends depicted in barplots. This would help in making data-driven decisions and strategies.

4. Educational Sector: Teachers and students can use the BarPlots model to extract data from barplots in textbooks or other educational materials, aiding with data comprehension and analysis studies.

5. Content Creation: Bloggers, writers, or web designers can use the model to identify and understand barplot data when creating infographics, articles, or other content, eliminating the need for manual data entry and reducing the risk of misinterpretation or errors.

This is a repository for codes and datasets for the open-access paper in Linguistik Indonesia, the flagship journal for the Linguistic Society of Indonesia (Masyarakat Linguistik Indonesia [MLI]) (cf. the link in the references below).

Modern biomedical research aims at drawing biological conclusions from large, highly complex biological datasets. It has become common practice to make extensive use of high-throughput technologies that produce big amounts of heterogeneous data. In addition to the ever-improving accuracy, methods are getting faster and cheaper, resulting in a steadily increasing need for scalable data management and easily accessible means of analysis.We present qPortal, a platform providing users with an intuitive way to manage and analyze quantitative biological data. The backend leverages a variety of concepts and technologies, such as relational databases, data stores, data models and means of data transfer, as well as front-end solutions to give users access to data management and easy-to-use analysis options. Users are empowered to conduct their experiments from the experimental design to the visualization of their results through the platform. Here, we illustrate the feature-rich portal by simulating a biomedical study based on publically available data. We demonstrate the software’s strength in supporting the entire project life cycle. The software supports the project design and registration, empowers users to do all-digital project management and finally provides means to perform analysis. We compare our approach to Galaxy, one of the most widely used scientific workflow and analysis platforms in computational biology. Application of both systems to a small case study shows the differences between a data-driven approach (qPortal) and a workflow-driven approach (Galaxy).qPortal, a one-stop-shop solution for biomedical projects offers up-to-date analysis pipelines, quality control workflows, and visualization tools. Through intensive user interactions, appropriate data models have been developed. These models build the foundation of our biological data management system and provide possibilities to annotate data, query metadata for statistics and future re-analysis on high-performance computing systems via coupling of workflow management systems. Integration of project and data management as well as workflow resources in one place present clear advantages over existing solutions.

This is one dataset arising from a project whose main aims are:
1. To contribute to knowledge by engaging in a study of the relationship between Australia, New Zealand and international capital markets 1850-1950 which would focus on three key themes:
i. The history of Australia and New Zealand as borrowers and debtors.
ii. The rise and consolidation of the British 'colonial' market in the London capital market from the mid-nineteenth century to the late 1920s.
iii. The interaction between the market disciplines to which all borrowers were subject, and the opportunities and constraints created by membership of the British Empire.
The study would also evaluate recent arguments (Cain and Hopkins, 1993) about the role of the City of London in the dynamics of British imperial expansion and control with respect to two British settler societies, Australia and New Zealand.
2. To extend and revise the statistics of Australasian public debt in the period 1850-1950.
3. To create a database of Australasian overseas public loans during that period.

The projects specific objectives were to complete three stages of research:
1. The consultation of archival and printed official sources in the United Kingdom and Australia relating to Australasian borrowing activity and relations with overseas creditors during nineteenth century. These either had not been available to, or were not consulted by, earlier historians.
2. The collection of quantitative data for revised statistics of Australian and New Zealand public debt between 1850 and 1950.
3. The collection of data for a database of Australasian overseas public loans during that period.

Descriptive statistics of students’ essay writing performance.

Title Design and evaluation of a learning assignment In the undergraduate medical curricula on the four dimensions of care: a mixed method study Summary To learn about the four dimensions of medical students interviewed a chronically ill or palliative care patient about the four dimensions of care during a fifth-year internship. They then wrote a report and a critical reflection of their interview, provided and received peer feedback on the reports and discussed their experiences within their group. Both students and teachers valued the assignment. It taught students to talk to patients about the four dimensions of care. Students were positive about the authenticity of the assignment (i.e., interviewing a real patient), the peer feedback and the reflection in the group session. The assignment gave them knowledge of communication techniques and helped them to see the diversity of illnesses and the ways patients cope. In their reports, students emphasised the relationship between the illness and the patient’s daily life, but rarely reflected on the potential relationship between the four dimensions of care and the care decisions made. This study confirmed that medical students can practice talking about the four dimensions of care with a chronically ill or palliative patient during their internship, although they find the spiritual dimension the most difficult to discuss. This learning task was received can be implemented in existing internships with relatively little time and effort needed. Abstract Background Chronic and palliative care are rapidly gaining importance within the physician’s range of duties. In this context, it is important to address the four dimensions of care: physical, psychological, social, and spiritual. Medical students, however, feel inadequately equipped to discuss these dimensions with the patient. To bridge this gap, a new assignment was developed and implemented, in which students talked to a chronic or palliative patient about the four dimensions of care during an internship. This study, reports the evaluation of this assignment by students and teachers using a design-based approach. Methods Mixed methods were used, including a) student questionnaires, b) student focus groups, c) teacher interviews, and d) student’s written reflections. Two researchers performed analyses of the qualitative data from the focus groups, interviews, and written reflections using qualitative research software (ALTLAS.TI). Descriptive statistics were computed for the quantitative data using SPSS 21.0. Results Students and teachers valued talking to an actual patient about the four dimensions of care. Reading and providing peer feedback on each other’s reports was considered valuable, especially when it came to the diversity of illnesses, the way that patients cope and communication techniques. The students considered reflection useful, especially in the group and provided it was not too frequent. All the dimensions were addressed in the interviews, however the spiritual dimension was found to be the most difficult to discuss. The analysis of the written reflections revealed an overlap between the social and spiritual dimensions. Students pay a lot of attention to the relationship between the illness and the patient’s daily life, but the reflections do often not show insight in the potential relationship between the four dimensions and decisions in patient care. Conclusions During internships, medical students can practice talking about four dimensions of care with a chronically ill or palliative patient. Due to the format, it can be implemented across existing internships with relatively little extra time and effort. Reflection, peer feedback, and group discussion under the guidance of a teacher are important additions.

Abstract: This paper aims to discuss the articulation among gender, technical-professional education in Agriculture and life projects of rural youth in the Institutos Federais de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia in the north of Brazil and the Centros de Formación Agraria in the north of Spain. This is an exploratory-descriptive study, which was carried out by mixed methods. A questionnaire with 22 open and 12 closed questions was answered by 130 male and 67 female participants (142 Brazilians and 55 Spaniards). Furthermore, four in-depth interviews with school administrators (02 Brazilians and 02 Spaniards) and two with rural youngsters were carried out for data triangulation to verify and validate the gathered information. Quantitative data were analyzed by descriptive statistics procedures, while qualitative data categorization followed the thematic coding process. The results show a link between technical vocational training and the life projects of young students, with a strong difference marked by gender, and the option for agricultural training among young Brazilians has an instrumental function of opening possibilities for access to other courses or other areas of training, while Spanish boys are more clearly familiarly related to agricultural activities.

This study contains data drawn from a first year undergraduate population undertaking Political Science, International Relations and Sociology degrees at the University of Birmingham in 2012/13. The survey used was an updated version of the Cruise, Cash and Bolton (1985) Statistical Anxiety Rating Scale survey and administered for the purpose of gaining a more in-depth knowledge of the reluctance and fear surrounding the inclusion of applied statistics courses within their degree programmes. This survey formed part of an ESRC funded curriculum innovation project entitled "Understanding Society Through Secondary Data Analysis: Quantitative Methods over the Undergraduate Life Course".

Abstract copyright UK Data Service and data collection copyright owner.

The project’s main aims:
1.To contribute to knowledge by engaging in a study of the relationship between Australia, New Zealand and international capital markets 1850-1950 which would focus on three key themes:
i.The history of Australia and New Zealand as borrowers and debtors.
ii.The rise and consolidation of the British 'colonial' market in the London capital market from the mid-nineteenth century to the late 1920s.
iii.The interaction between the market disciplines to which all borrowers were subject, and the opportunities and constraints created by membership of the British Empire.
The study would also evaluate recent arguments (Cain and Hopkins, 1993) about the role of the City of London in the dynamics of British imperial expansion and control with respect to two British settler societies, Australia and New Zealand.
2.To extend and revise the statistics of Australasian public debt in the period 1850-1950.
3.To create a database of Australasian overseas public loans during that period.

The project’s specific objectives were to complete three stages of research:
1.The consultation of archival and printed official sources in the United Kingdom and Australia relating to Australasian borrowing activity and relations with overseas creditors during nineteenth century. These either had not been available to, or were not consulted by, earlier historians.
2.The collection of quantitative data for revised statistics of Australian and New Zealand public debt between 1850 and 1950.
3.The collection of data for a database of Australasian overseas public loans during that period.

Main Topics:

The database contains a record of every Australasian government loan offered in London by public advertisement between the first such issue in 1857 and 1914. The governments concerned are those of the seven British colonies of New South Wales, New Zealand, Queensland, South Australia, Tasmania, Victoria and Western Australia, and the four New Zealand provincial administrations of Auckland, Canterbury, Otago and Wellington which also attempted to raise capital by this means. There are no records of loans floated by the Commonwealth of Australia (the federal government created in 1901) because its first issue in London did not occur until 1916. Purely conversion operations in which holders were offered the exchange of new securities for old have been excluded. The dataset provides information about the activities of a significant group of borrowers in the London capital market during its rise and prime as the dominant international financial centre in the world economy. It contains details about the characteristics of all publicly advertised loan issues; their marketing arrangements; and their results. It therefore can be used to examine the way in which Australasian borrowers approached the London market, the success with which they did this, and the ways in which both changed over time. It can be used for comparison with the activity of other borrowers. More broadly, it contributes to our understanding of development of the London capital market during the period.

Please note: this study does not include information on named individuals and would therefore not be useful for personal family history research.

Key Table Information.Table Title.Island Areas: Employment and Payroll Statistics by Construction Industry for Puerto Rico and Municipios: 2022.Table ID.ISLANDAREASIND2022.IA2200IND04.Survey/Program.Economic Census of Island Areas.Year.2022.Dataset.ECNIA Economic Census of Island Areas.Source.U.S. Census Bureau, 2022 Economic Census of Island Areas, Core Statistics.Release Date.2024-12-19.Release Schedule.The Economic Census occurs every five years, in years ending in 2 and 7.2022 Economic Census of Island Areas tables are released on a flow basis from June through December 2024.For more information about economic census planned data product releases, see 2022 Economic Census Release Schedule..Dataset Universe. The dataset universe consists of all establishments that are in operation for at least some part of 2022, are located in Puerto Rico, have paid employees, and are classified in one of eighteen in-scope sectors defined by the 2022 NAICS..Sponsor.U.S. Department of Commerce.Methodology.Data Items and Other Identifying Records.Number of establishmentsNumber of employeesAnnual payroll ($1,000)Construction workers average for yearTotal payroll for construction workers ($1,000)Other employees (paid employees for pay period including March 12) (number)Total payroll for other employees ($1,000)First-quarter payroll ($1,000)Employers cost for legally required fringe benefits ($1,000)Employers cost for voluntarily provided fringe benefits ($1,000)Range indicating imputed percentage of total employeesRange indicating imputed percentage of total annual payrollDefinitions can be found by clicking on the column header in the table or by accessing the Economic Census Glossary..Unit(s) of Observation.The reporting units for the Economic Census of Island Areas are employer establishments. An establishment is generally a single physical location where business is conducted or where services or industrial operations are performed..Geography Coverage.The data are shown for employer establishments and firms that vary by industry:At the Territory and Municipio level for Puerto RicoFor information about economic census geographies, including changes for 2022, see Economic Census: Economic Geographies..Industry Coverage.The data are shown for Puerto Rico at the 2- through 4-digit 2022 NAICS code levels for the construction industry.For information about NAICS, see Economic Census Code Lists..Sampling.The Economic Census of Island Areas is a complete enumeration of establishments located in the islands (i.e., all establishments on the sampling frame are included in the sample). Therefore, the accuracy of tabulations is not affected by sampling error..Confidentiality.The Census Bureau has reviewed this data product to ensure appropriate access, use, and disclosure avoidance protection of the confidential source data (Project No. 7504609, Disclosure Review Board (DRB) approval number: CBDRB-FY24-0044).The primary method of disclosure avoidance protection is noise infusion. Under this method, the quantitative data values such as sales or payroll for each establishment are perturbed prior to tabulation by applying a random noise multiplier (i.e., factor). Each establishment is assigned a single noise factor, which is applied to all its quantitative data value. Using this method, most published cell totals are perturbed by at most a few percentage points.To comply with disclosure avoidance guidelines, data rows with fewer than three contributing establishments are not presented. For more information on disclosure avoidance, see Methodology for the 2022 Economic Census- Island Areas..Technical Documentation/Methodology.For detailed information about the methods used to collect data and produce statistics, see Methodology for the 2022 Economic Census- Island Areas.For more information about survey questionnaires, Primary Business Activity/NAICS codes, and NAPCS codes, see Economic Census Technical Documentation..Weights.Because the Economic Census of Island Areas is a complete enumeration, there is no sample weighting..Table Information.FTP Download.https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/economic-census/data/2022/sector00.API Information.Economic census data are housed in the Census Bureau Application Programming Interface (API)..Symbols.D - Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual companies; data are included in higher level totalsN - Not available or not comparableS - Estimate does not meet publication standards because of high sampling variability, poor response quality, or other concerns about the estimate quality. Unpublished estimates derived from this table by subtraction are subject to these same limitations and should not be attributed to the U.S. Census Bureau. For a description of publication standards and the total quantity response rate, see link to program methodology page.X - Not applicableA - Relative standard error of 100% or morer - Reviseds - Relative standard error exceeds 40%For a complete list of ...

Abstract

Background: Adolescent girls in Kenya are disproportionately affected by early and unintended pregnancies, unsafe abortion and HIV infection. The In Their Hands (ITH) programme in Kenya aims to increase adolescents' use of high-quality sexual and reproductive health (SRH) services through targeted interventions. ITH Programme aims to promote use of contraception and testing for sexually transmitted infections (STIs) including HIV or pregnancy, for sexually active adolescent girls, 2) provide information, products and services on the adolescent girl's terms; and 3) promote communities support for girls and boys to access SRH services.

Objectives: The objectives of the evaluation are to assess: a) to what extent and how the new Adolescent Reproductive Health (ARH) partnership model and integrated system of delivery is working to meet its intended objectives and the needs of adolescents; b) adolescent user experiences across key quality dimensions and outcomes; c) how ITH programme has influenced adolescent voice, decision-making autonomy, power dynamics and provider accountability; d) how community support for adolescent reproductive and sexual health initiatives has changed as a result of this programme.

Methodology ITH programme is being implemented in two phases, a formative planning and experimentation in the first year from April 2017 to March 2018, and a national roll out and implementation from April 2018 to March 2020. This second phase is informed by an Annual Programme Review and thorough benchmarking and assessment which informed critical changes to performance and capacity so that ITH is fit for scale. It is expected that ITH will cover approximately 250,000 adolescent girls aged 15-19 in Kenya by April 2020. The programme is implemented by a consortium of Marie Stopes Kenya (MSK), Well Told Story, and Triggerise. ITH's key implementation strategies seek to increase adolescent motivation for service use, create a user-defined ecosystem and platform to provide girls with a network of accessible subsidized and discreet SRH services; and launch and sustain a national discourse campaign around adolescent sexuality and rights. The 3-year study will employ a mixed-methods approach with multiple data sources including secondary data, and qualitative and quantitative primary data with various stakeholders to explore their perceptions and attitudes towards adolescents SRH services. Quantitative data analysis will be done using STATA to provide descriptive statistics and statistical associations / correlations on key variables. All qualitative data will be analyzed using NVIVO software.

Study Duration: 36 months - between 2018 and 2020.

Geographic coverage

Narok and Homabay counties

Analysis unit

Households

Universe

All adolescent girls aged 15-19 years resident in the household.

Sampling procedure

The sampling of adolescents for the household survey was based on expected changes in adolescent's intention to use contraception in future. According to the Kenya Demographic and Health Survey 2014, 23.8% of adolescents and young women reported not intending to use contraception in future. This was used as a baseline proportion for the intervention as it aimed to increase demand and reduce the proportion of sexually active adolescents who did not intend to use contraception in the future. Assuming that the project was to achieve an impact of at least 2.4 percentage points in the intervention counties (i.e. a reduction by 10%), a design effect of 1.5 and a non- response rate of 10%, a sample size of 1885 was estimated using Cochran's sample size formula for categorical data was adequate to detect this difference between baseline and end line time points. Based on data from the 2009 Kenya census, there were approximately 0.46 adolescents girls per a household, which meant that the study was to include approximately 4876 households from the two counties at both baseline and end line surveys.

We collected data among a representative sample of adolescent girls living in both urban and rural ITH areas to understand adolescents' access to information, use of SRH services and SRH-related decision making autonomy before the implementation of the intervention. Depending on the number of ITH health facilities in the two study counties, Homa Bay and Narok that, we sampled 3 sub-Counties in Homa Bay: West Kasipul, Ndhiwa and Kasipul; and 3 sub-Counties in Narok, Narok Town, Narok South and Narok East purposively. In each of the ITH intervention counties, there were sub-counties that had been prioritized for the project and our data collection focused on these sub-counties selected for intervention. A stratified sampling procedure was used to select wards with in the sub-counties and villages from the wards. Then households were selected from each village after all households in the villages were listed. The purposive selection of sub-counties closer to ITH intervention facilities meant that urban and semi-urban areas were oversampled due to the concentration of health facilities in urban areas.

Qualitative Sampling

Focus Group Discussion participants were recruited from the villages where the ITH adolescent household survey was conducted in both counties. A convenience sample of consenting adults living in the villages were invited to participate in the FGDS. The discussion was conducted in local languages. A facilitator and note-taker trained on how to use the focus group guide, how to facilitate the group to elicit the information sought, and how to take detailed notes. All focus group discussions took place in the local language and were tape-recorded, and the consent process included permission to tape-record the session. Participants were identified only by their first names and participants were asked not to share what was discussed outside of the focus group. Participants were read an informed consent form and asked to give written consent. In-depth interviews were conducted with purposively selected sample of consenting adolescent girls who participated in the adolescent survey. We conducted a total of 45 In-depth interviews with adolescent girls (20 in Homa Bay County and 25 in Narok County respectively). In addition, 8 FGDs (4 each per county) were conducted with mothers of adolescent girls who are usual residents of the villages which had been identified for the interviews and another 4 FGDs (2 each per county) with CHVs.

Sampling deviation

N/A

Mode of data collection

Face-to-face [f2f] for quantitative data collection and Focus Group Discussions and In Depth Interviews for qualitative data collection

Research instrument

The questionnaire covered; socio-demographic and household information, SRH knowledge and sources of information, sexual activity and relationships, family planning knowledge, access, choice and use when needed, exposure to family planning messages and voice and decision making autonomy and quality of care for those who visited health facilities in the 12 months before the survey. The questionnaire was piloted before the data collection and the questions reviewed for appropriateness, comprehension and flow. The questionnaire was piloted among a sample of 42 adolescent girls (two each per field interviewer) 15-19 from a community outside the study counties.

The questionnaire was originally developed in English and later translated into Kiswahili. The questionnaire was programmed using ODK-based Survey CTO platform for data collection and management and was administered through face-to-face interview.

Cleaning operations

The survey tools were programmed using the ODK-based SurveyCTO platform for data collection and management. During programming, consistency checks were in-built into the data capture software which ensured that there were no cases of missing or implausible information/values entered into the database by the field interviewers. For example, the application included controls for variables ranges, skip patterns, duplicated individuals, and intra- and inter-module consistency checks. This reduced or eliminated errors usually introduced at the data capture stage. Once programmed, the survey tools were tested by the programming team who in conjunction with the project team conducted further testing on the application's usability, in-built consistency checks (skips, variable ranges, duplicating individuals etc.), and inter-module consistency checks. Any issues raised were documented and tracked on the Issue Tracker and followed up to full and timely resolution. After internal testing was done, the tools were availed to the project and field teams to perform user acceptance testing (UAT) so as to verify and validate that the electronic platform worked exactly as expected, in terms of usability, questions design, checks and skips etc.

Data cleaning was performed to ensure that data were free of errors and that indicators generated from these data were accurate and consistent. This process begun on the first day of data collection as the first records were uploaded into the database. The data manager used data collected during pilot testing to begin writing scripts in Stata 14 to check the variables in the data in 'real-time'. This ensured the resolutions of any inconsistencies that could be addressed by the data collection teams during the fieldwork activities. The Stata 14 scripts that perform real-time checks and clean data also wrote to a .rtf file that detailed every check performed against each variable, any inconsistencies encountered, and all steps that were taken to address these inconsistencies. The .rtf files also reported when a variable was

The study´s content: The study is the second one in a series of manuals on historical statistical data of traffic in Germany since 1835. It is based on work that had been taken in the context of a project on ´historical traffic statistics from Germany 1835 - to in 1989”, funded by the German Research Foundation from 1986 to 1991 and performed at the Department of Economic and Social History at the Free University of Berlin and the Institute for European History in Mainz (according to the objectives and aims of the project in detail see Fremdling, R / Kunz, A., 1990. Historische Verkehrsstatistik von Deutschland, in: Diederich, N./Hölder, E./Kunz, A.: Historische Statistik in der Bundesrepublik Deutschland, Stuttgart, S. 90-106)). The project itself was located within the priority program ´Sources and Research on Historical Statistics of Germany´ and is therefore committed to the fundamental goals and objectives of this priority program with the aim to serve the historical basic research. (see: Fischer, W/Kunz, A., 1992: Quellen und Forschungen zur Historischen Statistik von Deutschland, Wiesbaden; Schriftenreihe Ausgewählte Arbeitsunterlagen zur Bundesstatistik, hrsg. vom Statistischen Bundesamt, Heft 26). All volumes of traffic statistics is based on a unified survey concept, even though they deal with different modes of transport, which is based on the production function of the sector ´traffic´. Information and quantitative data on the use of factors (capital stock, supplies, labor) and the output of products (transportation services) are collected.The capital stock was distinguished between the actual infrastructure (the roads and stations) and the resources (ships, locomotives, cars, etc.).Information on physical sizes were, as far as was reasonably possible and in source terms acceptable, supplemented by value calculations from the source. The tables of the manual are divided into two main sections. In Part A long time series are presented, that is Tables, which usually involve more than one of the three major periods of the period (1835-1871, 1872-1945, 1946/49-1989).In this part all weights and other measurements have been converted into metric values.Part B contains tables, which also having time series character, but will usually cover only one of the three time periods. On the basis ot the source material’s main periods the following division in time periods of the data is made: first the statistics of the German states (German Confederation or German Customs Union from 1835 to 1871) and second the statistics of the German Empire (German Reich 1872-1945). The data-tables of part A and part B contain the following information: Part A A.1 length and expansion of waterways: Due to the information provided by the sources the extension of the canals is reported either on the maximum draft of vessels they be traveled (in meters) or by those maximum capacity (tonnes).A.2 ship inventory (barges): Documents the number, capacity and engine power of the domestic fleet.A.3 cargo handling in inland ports: Reported data are for total envelope and envelope type of freight to the more important inland ports. As this envelope type apply invitation (or costs) or throat (or reception) of goods.A.3 cargo handling in inland ports: Reported data are for total transshipment and transshipment type of freight of the more important inland ports. The dispatch and reception of goods is considered as transshipment type.A.4 traffic volume at transit points: In this table the transit of goods at major counting points (locks and border points) and additionally the main direction of the transport (driving uphill or downhill / up- or downstream) is reported.A5 traffic capacity on inland waterways: This standardized basic table on hand contains official calculations for production result of inland navigation, the so-called tonnage/kilometer performance (tkm). They are based on the transported freight volumes on inland waterways and the related distance traveled. It should be noted that the tonnage/kilometer performance typically is specified in million tonne-kilometers (million tkm). Part BB.1 German Confederation or German Customs Union. Traffic and cargo handling of ports and transit points (1835 - 1872): Of particular importance is the inclusion of transported goods, which are represented in the greatest possible variety. The development of steam navigation, as a new technology system of this era, was observed specifically. B.2 German Empire. Traffic volume of selected ports and transit points (1773-1945): Information about the amount of traffic on ports and inland transit points on inland waterways. The type, number and size (capacity>) of the ship vessels, the amount of transported goods on them, comments on the entire waterway and to the raft, and the total freight traffic are reported. Information on the traffic volume by the nationality of vessels (flags) will be provided at relevant counting points (eg border posts). ...

The Alaska Geochemical Database Version 3.0 (AGDB3) contains new geochemical data compilations in which each geologic material sample has one best value determination for each analyzed species, greatly improving speed and efficiency of use. Like the Alaska Geochemical Database Version 2.0 before it, the AGDB3 was created and designed to compile and integrate geochemical data from Alaska to facilitate geologic mapping, petrologic studies, mineral resource assessments, definition of geochemical baseline values and statistics, element concentrations and associations, environmental impact assessments, and studies in public health associated with geology. This relational database, created from databases and published datasets of the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), Atomic Energy Commission National Uranium Resource Evaluation (NURE), Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys (DGGS), U.S. Bureau of Mines, and U.S. Bureau of Land Management serves as a data archive in support of Alaskan geologic and geochemical projects and contains data tables in several different formats describing historical and new quantitative and qualitative geochemical analyses. The analytical results were determined by 112 laboratory and field analytical methods on 396,343 rock, sediment, soil, mineral, heavy-mineral concentrate, and oxalic acid leachate samples. Most samples were collected by personnel of these agencies and analyzed in agency laboratories or, under contracts, in commercial analytical laboratories. These data represent analyses of samples collected as part of various agency programs and projects from 1938 through 2017. In addition, mineralogical data from 18,138 nonmagnetic heavy-mineral concentrate samples are included in this database. The AGDB3 includes historical geochemical data archived in the USGS National Geochemical Database (NGDB) and NURE National Uranium Resource Evaluation-Hydrogeochemical and Stream Sediment Reconnaissance databases, and in the DGGS Geochemistry database. Retrievals from these databases were used to generate most of the AGDB data set. These data were checked for accuracy regarding sample location, sample media type, and analytical methods used. In other words, the data of the AGDB3 supersedes data in the AGDB and the AGDB2, but the background about the data in these two earlier versions are needed by users of the current AGDB3 to understand what has been done to amend, clean up, correct and format this data. Corrections were entered, resulting in a significantly improved Alaska geochemical dataset, the AGDB3. Data that were not previously in these databases because the data predate the earliest agency geochemical databases, or were once excluded for programmatic reasons, are included here in the AGDB3 and will be added to the NGDB and Alaska Geochemistry. The AGDB3 data provided here are the most accurate and complete to date and should be useful for a wide variety of geochemical studies. The AGDB3 data provided in the online version of the database may be updated or changed periodically.

The study´s content:

The study is the second one in a series of manuals on historical statistical data of traffic in Germany since 1835. It is based on work that had been taken in the context of a project on ´historical traffic statistics from Germany 1835 - to in 1989”, funded by the German Research Foundation from 1986 to 1991 and performed at the Department of Economic and Social History at the Free University of Berlin and the Institute for European History in Mainz (according to the objectives and aims of the project in detail see Fremdling, R / Kunz, A., 1990. Historische Verkehrsstatistik von Deutschland, in: Diederich, N./Hölder, E./Kunz, A.: Historische Statistik in der Bundesrepublik Deutschland, Stuttgart, S. 90-106)). The project itself was located within the priority program ´Sources and Research on Historical Statistics of Germany´ and is therefore committed to the fundamental goals and objectives of this priority program with the aim to serve the historical basic research. (see: Fischer, W/Kunz, A., 1992: Quellen und Forschungen zur Historischen Statistik von Deutschland, Wiesbaden; Schriftenreihe Ausgewählte Arbeitsunterlagen zur Bundesstatistik, hrsg. vom Statistischen Bundesamt, Heft 26).

All volumes of traffic statistics is based on a unified survey concept, even though they deal with different modes of transport, which is based on the production function of the sector ´traffic´. Information and quantitative data on the use of factors (capital stock, supplies, labor) and the output of products (transportation services) are collected. The capital stock was distinguished between the actual infrastructure (the roads and stations) and the resources (ships, locomotives, cars, etc.). Information on physical sizes were, as far as was reasonably possible and in source terms acceptable, supplemented by value calculations from the source.

The tables of the manual are divided into two main sections. In Part A long time series are presented, that is Tables, which usually involve more than one of the three major periods of the period (1835-1871, 1872-1945, 1946/49-1989). In this part all weights and other measurements have been converted into metric values. Part B contains tables, which also having time series character, but will usually cover only one of the three time periods. On the basis ot the source material’s main periods the following division in time periods of the data is made: first the statistics of the German states (German Confederation or German Customs Union from 1835 to 1871) and second the statistics of the German Empire (German Reich 1872-1945).

The data-tables of part A and part B contain the following information:

Part A A.1 length and expansion of waterways: Due to the information provided by the sources the extension of the canals is reported either on the maximum draft of vessels they be traveled (in meters) or by those maximum capacity (tonnes). A.2 ship inventory (barges): Documents the number, capacity and engine power of the domestic fleet. A.3 cargo handling in inland ports: Reported data are for total envelope and envelope type of freight to the more important inland ports. As this envelope type apply invitation (or costs) or throat (or reception) of goods. A.3 cargo handling in inland ports: Reported data are for total transshipment and transshipment type of freight of the more important inland ports. The dispatch and reception of goods is considered as transshipment type. A.4 traffic volume at transit points: In this table the transit of goods at major counting points (locks and border points) and additionally the main direction of the transport (driving uphill or downhill / up- or downstream) is reported. A5 traffic capacity on inland waterways: This standardized basic table on hand contains official calculations for production result of inland navigation, the so-called tonnage/kilometer performance (tkm). They are based on the transported freight volumes on inland waterways and the related distance traveled. It should be noted that the tonnage/kilometer performance typically is specified in million tonne-kilometers (million tkm).

Part B B.1 German Confederation or German Customs Union. Traffic and cargo handling of ports and transit points (1835 - 1872): Of particular importance is the inclusion of transported goods, which are represented in the greatest possible variety. The development of steam navigation, as a new technology system of this era, was observed ...