In the fourth quarter of 2024, the growth of the real gross domestic product (GDP) in China ranged at 5.4 percent compared to the same quarter of the previous year. GDP refers to the total market value of all goods and services that are produced within a country per year. It is an important indicator of the economic strength of a country. Real GDP is adjusted for price changes and is therefore regarded as a key indicator for economic growth. GDP growth in China In 2024, China ranged second among countries with the largest gross domestic product worldwide. Since the introduction of economic reforms in 1978, the country has experienced rapid social and economic development. In 2013, it became the world’s largest trading nation, overtaking the United States. However, per capita GDP in China was still much lower than that of industrialized countries. Until 2011, the annual growth rate of China’s GDP had constantly been above nine percent. However, economic growth has cooled down since and is projected to further slow down gradually in the future. Rising domestic wages and the competitive edge of other Asian and African countries are seen as main reasons for the stuttering in China’s economic engine. One strategy of the Chinese government to overcome this transition is a gradual shift of economic focus from industrial production to services. Challenges to GDP growth Another major challenge lies in the massive environmental pollution that China’s reckless economic growth has caused over the past decades. China’s development has been powered mostly by coal consumption, which resulted in high air pollution. To counteract industrial pollution, further investments in waste management and clean technologies are necessary. In 2017, about 1.15 percent of GDP was spent on pollution control. Surging environmental costs aside, environmental issues could also be a key to industrial transition as China placed major investments in renewable energy and clean tech projects. The consumption of green energy skyrocketed from 0.52 exajoules in 2005 to 13.3 million in 2022.

India Real(GDP) Gross Domestic ProductGrowth Projection: Quarterly: 4th Monetary Policy Statement data was reported at 7.300 % in Jun 2025. This records a decrease from the previous number of 7.400 % for Mar 2025. India Real(GDP) Gross Domestic ProductGrowth Projection: Quarterly: 4th Monetary Policy Statement data is updated quarterly, averaging 6.800 % from Dec 2018 (Median) to Jun 2025, with 27 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 20.600 % in Jun 2021 and a record low of -9.800 % in Sep 2020. India Real(GDP) Gross Domestic ProductGrowth Projection: Quarterly: 4th Monetary Policy Statement data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Reserve Bank of India. The data is categorized under India Premium Database’s National Accounts – Table IN.AB001: Gross Domestic Product: Real GDP Growth Projection: RBI Monetary Policy Statement.

The UK economy shrank by 0.1 percent in January 2025 after growing by 0.4 percent in December. Since a huge decline in GDP in April 2020, the UK economy has gradually recovered and is now around 3.4 percent larger than it was before the COVID-19 pandemic. After the initial recovery from the pandemic, however, the UK economy has effectively flatlined, fluctuating between low growth and small contractions since January 2022. Labour banking on growth to turn around fortunes in 2025 In February 2025, just over half a year after winning the last general election, the approval rating for the new Labour government fell to a low of -48 percent. Furthermore, the Prime Minister, Keir Starmer was not only less popular than the new Conservative leader, Kemi Badenoch, but also the leader of the Reform Party, Nigel Farage, whose party have surged in opinion polls recently. This remarkable decline in popularity for the new government is, in some part, due to a deliberate policy of making tough decisions early. Arguably, the most damaging of these policies was the withdrawal of the winter fuel allowance for some pensioners, although other factors such as a controversy about gifts and donations also hurt the government. While Labour aims to restore the UK's economic and political credibility in the long term, they will certainly hope for some good economic news sooner rather than later. Economy bounces back in 2024 after ending 2023 in recession Due to two consecutive quarters of negative economic growth, in late 2023 the UK economy ended the year in recession. After not growing at all in the second quarter of 2023, UK GDP fell by 0.1 percent in the third quarter, and then by 0.3 percent in the last quarter. For the whole of 2023, the economy grew by 0.4 percent compared to 2022, and for 2024 is forecast to have grown by 1.1 percent. During the first two quarters of 2024, UK GDP grew by 0.7 percent, and 0.4 percent, with this relatively strong growth followed by zero percent growth in the third quarter of the year. Although the economy had started to grow again by the time of the 2024 general election, this was not enough to save the Conservative government at the time. Despite usually seen as the best party for handling the economy, the Conservative's economic competency was behind that of Labour on the eve of the 2024 election.

On October 29, 1929, the U.S. experienced the most devastating stock market crash in it's history. The Wall Street Crash of 1929 set in motion the Great Depression, which lasted for twelve years and affected virtually all industrialized countries. In the United States, GDP fell to it's lowest recorded level of just 57 billion U.S dollars in 1933, before rising again shortly before the Second World War. After the war, GDP fluctuated, but it increased gradually until the Great Recession in 2008. Real GDP Real GDP allows us to compare GDP over time, by adjusting all figures for inflation. In this case, all numbers have been adjusted to the value of the US dollar in FY2012. While GDP rose every year between 1946 and 2008, when this is adjusted for inflation it can see that the real GDP dropped at least once in every decade except the 1960s and 2010s. The Great Recession Apart from the Great Depression, and immediately after WWII, there have been two times where both GDP and real GDP dropped together. The first was during the Great Recession, which lasted from December 2007 until June 2009 in the US, although its impact was felt for years after this. After the collapse of the financial sector in the US, the government famously bailed out some of the country's largest banking and lending institutions. Since recovery began in late 2009, US GDP has grown year-on-year, and reached 21.4 trillion dollars in 2019. The coronavirus pandemic and the associated lockdowns then saw GDP fall again, for the first time in a decade. As economic recovery from the pandemic has been compounded by supply chain issues, inflation, and rising global geopolitical instability, it remains to be seen what the future holds for the U.S. economy.

GDP Nowcast: Brazil: Next Quarter data was reported at 3.073 % in 17 Mar 2025. This records an increase from the previous number of 2.987 % for 14 Mar 2025. GDP Nowcast: Brazil: Next Quarter data is updated daily, averaging 3.860 % from Jun 2024 (Median) to 17 Mar 2025, with 120 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 4.863 % in 01 Dec 2024 and a record low of 2.425 % in 22 Jun 2024. GDP Nowcast: Brazil: Next Quarter data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by CEIC Data. The data is categorized under Brazil Premium Database’s National Accounts – Table BR.AB001: Gross Domestic Product: Nowcast.

GDP Nowcast: Brazil: Next Quarter: Extended History data was reported at 2.987 % in 17 Feb 2025. This records an increase from the previous number of 2.923 % for 13 Feb 2025. GDP Nowcast: Brazil: Next Quarter: Extended History data is updated daily, averaging 1.735 % from Dec 2016 (Median) to 17 Feb 2025, with 1820 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 11.342 % in 04 Jul 2021 and a record low of -7.700 % in 10 Jun 2020. GDP Nowcast: Brazil: Next Quarter: Extended History data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by CEIC Data. The data is categorized under Brazil Premium Database’s National Accounts – Table BR.AB001: Gross Domestic Product: Nowcast.

Germany GDP Nowcast: swda: YoY: Current Quarter data was reported at 0.096 % in 03 Mar 2025. This records an increase from the previous number of 0.009 % for 24 Feb 2025. Germany GDP Nowcast: swda: YoY: Current Quarter data is updated weekly, averaging 0.251 % from Jan 2019 (Median) to 03 Mar 2025, with 322 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 11.499 % in 21 Jun 2021 and a record low of -10.665 % in 29 Jun 2020. Germany GDP Nowcast: swda: YoY: Current Quarter data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by CEIC Data. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Germany – Table DE.CEIC.NC: CEIC Nowcast: Gross Domestic Product (GDP).

Inflation Nowcast: Contribution:(GDP) Gross Domestic ProductNowcast: GDP Nowcast: Growth: QoQ: Next Quarter: Japan data was reported at 0.856 % in 10 Mar 2025. This stayed constant from the previous number of 0.856 % for 03 Mar 2025. Inflation Nowcast: Contribution:(GDP) Gross Domestic ProductNowcast: GDP Nowcast: Growth: QoQ: Next Quarter: Japan data is updated weekly, averaging 0.747 % from Jun 2020 (Median) to 10 Mar 2025, with 250 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 3.971 % in 13 Sep 2021 and a record low of 0.000 % in 11 Nov 2024. Inflation Nowcast: Contribution:(GDP) Gross Domestic ProductNowcast: GDP Nowcast: Growth: QoQ: Next Quarter: Japan data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by CEIC Data. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Japan – Table JP.CEIC.NC: CEIC Nowcast: Inflation: Headline.

Inflation Nowcast: Contribution:(GDP) Gross Domestic ProductNowcast: GDP Nowcast: Growth: YoY: Current Quarter: Brazil data was reported at 1.932 % in 03 Mar 2025. This stayed constant from the previous number of 1.932 % for 24 Feb 2025. Inflation Nowcast: Contribution:(GDP) Gross Domestic ProductNowcast: GDP Nowcast: Growth: YoY: Current Quarter: Brazil data is updated weekly, averaging 0.532 % from Jun 2016 (Median) to 03 Mar 2025, with 455 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 43.596 % in 04 Jul 2016 and a record low of 0.005 % in 04 Sep 2023. Inflation Nowcast: Contribution:(GDP) Gross Domestic ProductNowcast: GDP Nowcast: Growth: YoY: Current Quarter: Brazil data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by CEIC Data. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Brazil – Table BR.CEIC.NC: CEIC Nowcast: Inflation: Headline.

Inflation Nowcast: Contribution:(GDP) Gross Domestic ProductNowcast: GDP Nowcast: Growth: QoQ: Forward Quarter: Japan data was reported at 0.384 % in 10 Mar 2025. This stayed constant from the previous number of 0.384 % for 03 Mar 2025. Inflation Nowcast: Contribution:(GDP) Gross Domestic ProductNowcast: GDP Nowcast: Growth: QoQ: Forward Quarter: Japan data is updated weekly, averaging 0.845 % from Jun 2020 (Median) to 10 Mar 2025, with 250 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 12.792 % in 11 Jan 2021 and a record low of 0.000 % in 09 Dec 2024. Inflation Nowcast: Contribution:(GDP) Gross Domestic ProductNowcast: GDP Nowcast: Growth: QoQ: Forward Quarter: Japan data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by CEIC Data. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Japan – Table JP.CEIC.NC: CEIC Nowcast: Inflation: Headline.

Japan GDP Nowcast: sa: YoY: Current Quarter data was reported at 2.126 % in 03 Mar 2025. This records an increase from the previous number of 1.518 % for 24 Feb 2025. Japan GDP Nowcast: sa: YoY: Current Quarter data is updated weekly, averaging 0.401 % from Jan 2019 (Median) to 03 Mar 2025, with 322 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 8.185 % in 28 Jun 2021 and a record low of -9.652 % in 29 Jun 2020. Japan GDP Nowcast: sa: YoY: Current Quarter data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by CEIC Data. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Japan – Table JP.CEIC.NC: CEIC Nowcast: Gross Domestic Product (GDP).

Key information about Egypt External Debt

• Egypt External Debt reached 155.2 USD bn in Sep 2024, compared with 152.9 USD bn in the previous quarter.
• Egypt External Debt: USD mn data is updated quarterly, available from Jun 1997 to Sep 2024.
• The data reached an all-time high of 168.0 USD bn in Dec 2023 and a record low of 26.1 USD bn in Mar 2001.

• In the latest reports of Egypt, Current Account recorded a deficit of 5.9 USD bn in Sep 2024.
• Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) increased by 22.4 USD bn in Jun 2024.
• Egypt Direct Investment Abroad expanded by 120.0 USD mn in Jun 2024.
• Its Foreign Portfolio Investment fell by 104.5 USD mn in Jun 2024.
• The country's Nominal GDP was reported at 109.0 USD bn in Dec 2022.

The Gross Domestic Product (GDP) in Pakistan expanded 5.79 percent in fiscal year 2017/18, ending in June 2018. This dataset provides - Pakistan GDP Growth Rate - actual values, historical data, forecast, chart, statistics, economic calendar and news.

Inflation Rate in Brazil increased to 5.06 percent in February from 4.56 percent in January of 2025. This dataset provides - Brazil Inflation Rate - actual values, historical data, forecast, chart, statistics, economic calendar and news.

Inflation Rate in Malaysia decreased to 1.50 percent in February from 1.70 percent in January of 2025. This dataset provides - Malaysia Inflation Rate - actual values, historical data, forecast, chart, statistics, economic calendar and news.

Retail Sales in China increased 4 percent in February of 2025 over the same month in the previous year. This dataset provides - China Retail Sales YoY - actual values, historical data, forecast, chart, statistics, economic calendar and news.