This Hydro Québec data represents electricity consumption for all consumption locations in Québec by industry sector. The data is updated once a year and has been available since 2016.Consumption data is provided by industry sector (agricultural, residential, commercial, institutional and industrial) for an administrative region (AR) in the province of Québec.Useful information for interpreting the dataData from municipal systems (Alma, Amos, Baie-Comeau, Coaticook, Joliette, Magog, Saguenay, Sherbrooke and Westmount) and from the systems of the Coopérative régionale d’électricité de Saint-Jean-Baptiste-de-Rouville are compiled in the “Institutional” industry sector.Given the sensitivity of electricity consumption data regarding privacy concerns and commercial interests, such data may not be available for some of the smaller municipalities.Additional informationInitial distribution: 2022‑10‑07Notices and conditions of use: The information provided represents raw data. It is without a guarantee of quality and subject to change without notice.

All of Hydro-Québec data on electricity generation and consumption in Québec. Updated annually, the audited data is sent to the Régie de l’énergie du Québec. The data covers every hour of every day in a one-year period and attests to the high volume of electricity that is transmitted on the province’s power lines.

Meaning of terms and abbreviations Bâtonnet (bar): Quantity of heritage pool electricity in megawatthours Distributeur (distributor): Hydro-Québec in its electricity distribution activities Interruptible energy: Option offered to customers that enables the Distributor to better manage power demand Heritage pool electricity: A volume of up to 165 TWh of electricity a year excluding losses (equivalent to 16.5 million kilowatthours) that Hydro-Québec reserves for its Québec customers. This volume is stipulated by the Act to amend the Act respecting the Régie de l'énergie adopted in 2000. HQD: Hydro‑Québec Distribution. Name of administrative unit that was replaced by Groupe – Distribution, approvisionnement et services partagés in 2021. HQP: Hydro‑Québec Production. Name of administrative unit that was replaced by Groupe – Innovation, production, santé, sécurité et environnement in 2021. MWh: Megawatthour Generator: Hydro‑Québec in its electricity generation activities Interruptible power: Option offered to customers that enables the Generator to better manage power demand Integrated system: All of Hydro‑Québec’s power systems that are interconnected either directly or via neighboring systems Third party: Electricity supplier

Hydro‑Québec dataset on electricity production and distribution in Quebec. Updated annually, the data is sent to the Régie de l'Énergie du Québec after being audited. Each history covers every hour of every day of a year and reflects the significant volume of electricity that passes through the province's lines. ## Useful information for interpreting the data The Excel files include the following three tabs: * EC method (framework agreement): official calculation method: official calculation method. * Proxy method. * Proxy method: estimation method used to validate the EC method. * Summary: an overview of the cumulative data on a monthly basis. ## Meaning of terms and abbreviations * Stick: quantity of electricity asset in megawatt hours. * Distributor: Hydro‑Québec in its electricity distribution activities. * Interruptible energy: Option offered to customers that helps the Distributor manage power demand. * Heritage electricity: Maximum annual volume of 165 terawatt hours of electricity excluding losses (i.e. the equivalent of 16.5 million kilowatt hours), which Hydro‑Québec has for Quebec customers. This volume is established by the Act to amend the Energy Board Act adopted in 2000.* HQD: Hydro‑Québec Distribution. Name of administrative unit that was replaced by group — Distribution, Procurement and Shared Services in 2021. * HQP: Hydro‑Québec Production. Name of administrative unit that was replaced by group — Innovation, production, production, health, safety and environment in 2021. * MWh: Megawatt hour. * Producer: Hydro‑Québec in its electricity production activities. * Interruptible power: Option offered to customers: Option offered to customers that helps the Producer manage power demand. * Integrated network: All Hydro‑Québec electrical networks interconnected either directly or through neighboring electrical networks. * Third parties: Electricity supplier. ## Label description The files may contain textual data (e.g. Montreal), numerical data (e.g., 2021-05-21), or geometric data (e.g. 46°48'44”), numerical data (e.g., 46°48'44”). They are organized according to labels, which correspond to categories. Here are the labels with their description (Note that some labels have names that are no longer in force at Hydro‑Québec). ## EC method * Gross production of HQP power plants (MWh) : Quantity of electricity obtained from the alternators of the Producer's power plants and measured at their terminals. * Consumption of HQP power plants (MWh) : Quantity of electricity used to operate the Producer's power plants. * Electricity received by HQP at the connection points of power plants and interconnections (MWh) : Quantity of electricity purchased by the Producer from other suppliers in Quebec and outside Quebec (interconnections). * Consumption attributable to the interruptible power made available to HQP plus transport losses (MWh) : Quantity of electricity obtained from certain customers because the supply may be interrupted according to the conditions defined in the contracts. This quantity is adjusted according to the estimated losses incurred during the transmission of electricity. * Volume of energy supplied by the Producer's resources (MWh) : Sum of the volume of electricity produced and the volume of electricity received by the Producer without the consumption of the power plants. * Volume of the Producer's commitments to third parties (MWh) : Volume of electricity exported by the Producer according to its contracts with third parties and sales at points of interconnection. * Volume of electricity supplied by the Producer to the Distributor (MWh) ) : Quantity of electricity that the Producer delivers to the Distributor, which represents the difference between the volume of energy supplied by its resources and the volume available to fulfill its commitments to third parties. * Volume of non-asset supplies from HQP (MWh) : Volume of electricity delivered by the Producer under the wind integration service contract and all non-asset electricity supply contracts concluded by tender with the Distributor. * Volume of electricity mobilized by the Distributor for heritage electricity (MWh) : Quantity of electricity corresponding to the difference between the volume of electricity supplied by the Producer to the Distributor and the volume of non-asset supplies from the Producer. * Volume of heritage electricity (affected sticks) (affected sticks) (MWh) : Quantity of heritage electricity whose use has been optimized by the Distributor to meet the regular needs of the integrated network. * Volume of electricity mobilized by The Distributor surpasses electricity Patrimonial (MWh) : Quantity of electricity corresponding to the difference between the total volume and the volume of heritage electricity mobilized by the Distributor. ## Proxy method * BRD_RI (MWh) : Regular needs of the Distributor to supply the integrated network. Quantity of electricity required to meet the needs of Quebec customers served by the integrated network, including that used to operate the network itself and that lost during transmission and distribution. * Long-term purchases + Interruptible electricity (MWh) : Sum of the volumes of energy obtained by non-heritage supplies (wind, biomass, small and large hydropower) and interruptible electricity options. * Short-term purchases : Sum of energy volumes obtained by non-heritage supplies (wind, biomass, small and large hydroelectric) and interruptible electricity options. * Short-term purchases : Short-term purchase of electricity from individual suppliers or on neighboring markets. * BRD_RI (HQP) (MWh) : Regular needs of the Distributor to supply the integrated network, but for which the Producer must assume the deliveries. BRD_RI (HQP) = BRD_RI — (long-term purchases + short-term purchases). * Power plant consumption (MWh) : Quantity of electricity used to operate power plants. * Proxy to assess the volume of electricity mobilized by the Distributor as heritage electricity (MWh) : Estimation of the quantity of heritage electricity mobilized by the Distributor that corresponds to the BRD_RI HQP minus the consumption of power plants. * Volume of heritage electricity (affected sticks) (MWh) : Quantity of heritage electricity including the use has been optimized by the Distributor to meet the regular needs of the integrated network. ## Additional information. ## Additional information * Geographic coverage: province of Quebec, except regions supplied by autonomous networks. * Instructions and conditions of use: The data provided is raw, without guarantee of quality and may change without notice.

In the Canadian province of Quebec, hydropower is the main source of electricity. As of *********, more than ** percent of the electric power generated in the province came from this energy source, whereas wind, petroleum, natural gas, biomass and geothermal energy altogether contributed around *** percent.

A data set specially produced for HackQC and combining, in near real time: * the sources of electricity produced in Quebec; * the exports and imports of electricity, by market; * the sources of imported electricity, by market; * the sources of electricity supplied by Hydro-Québec; * the sources of electricity supplied by Hydro-Québec; * the GHG emissions associated with the electricity consumed in Quebec; * the GHG emissions associated with the electricity consumed in Quebec (1). (1) Except for the electricity consumed in municipal networks and networks autonomous. ## Method Extraction and modeling of data from public sources external to the company. All data sources used are public, either in the form of open data or publicly released information. ## Information useful for interpreting data This is an order of magnitude used to estimate GHG emissions. It can be assumed that the MW correspond to the MWh of that same hour. Data on the sources of electricity produced in Quebec are collected every hour, at half an hour, at 8:30am, 9:30am, etc., with a delay of 90 minutes (360 minutes for the thermal source). Export and import data include transit transits, which represent only a small percentage of trade. This data is not suitable for the legal needs for the production of GHG emissions inventories by customers. Instead, these needs are met by the label (www.hydroquebec.com/developpement-durable/documentation-specialisee/rates-emission-ges.html). ## Description of labels Files can contain textual data (e.g. “Montreal”), numerical data (e.g. “Montreal”), numerical data (e.g. “2021-05-21”), and geometric data (e.g., “46°48'44””). They are organized using labels that correspond to categories. Here are the labels and their description: * LastExecuted: date and time of the last measurement available (in UTC); * date: date and time of the measurement. ### Quebec_Production_Sources Sources of electricity produced in Quebec, in megawatts (MW). * total (numerical). * total (numerical): total (numerical): total electricity production (MW); * wind energy (digital): production of electricity from wind sources (MW); * others (digital): production of electricity from installations belonging to independent producers of different renewable sources (MW); * solar (digital): electricity production from solar source (MW); * thermal (digital): electricity production from thermal source (MW). ### Net exports (exports — imports) of electricity, by market. ### Net exports (exports — imports) of electricity, by market. Data includes transit transits, which represent only a small percentage of trade. * total (numerical): total quantity of electricity exported by Quebec to New England states, New Brunswick, New York State, and Ontario (MW); * NewEngland (numerical): total quantity of electricity exported by Quebec to New England states (MW); * NewBrunswick (numerical): total quantity of electricity exported by Quebec to New England states (MW); * NewBrunswick (numerical): total quantity of electricity exported by Quebec to New Brunswick (MW); * NewYork (numerical): total quantity of electricity exported by Quebec to New York State (MW); * Ontario (numerical); * Ontario (numerical): total quantity of electricity exported by Quebec to Ontario (MW). ### Importations_Sources Sources of imported electricity, by market. The data includes transit transits, which represent only a small percentage of trade. #### Ontario: * total (numerical): total quantity of electricity imported from Ontario (MW); * hydro (digital): quantity of electricity imported from hydraulic source (MW); * wind (numerical); * wind (numerical): quantity of electricity imported from wind source (MW); * solar (digital): quantity of electricity imported from solar source (MW); * wind (numerical): quantity of electricity imported from solar source (MW); * wind (numerical): quantity of electricity imported from solar source (MW); * wind (numerical): quantity of electricity imported from solar source (MW); * wind (numerical): quantity of electricity imported from solar source (MW); * wind (numerical): quantity of electricity imported from solar source (MW); * wind (numerical): quantity of electricity imported from); * gas (numerical): quantity of imported electricity using natural gas (MW) as a source; * nuclear (numerical): quantity of electricity imported from nuclear source (MW). #### NewYork: * total (numerical): total quantity of electricity imported from New York State (MW); * hydro (digital): quantity of electricity imported from a hydraulic source (MW); * wind (digital): quantity of electricity imported from wind source (MW); * wind (digital): quantity of electricity imported from a solar source (MW); * wind (digital): quantity of electricity imported from a solar source (MW); * wind (digital): quantity of electricity imported from a solar source (MW); * wind (digital): quantity of electricity imported from a solar source (MW); * wind (digital): quantity of electricity imported from a solar source (MW); * wind (digital): quantity of electricity imported from a solar source (MW); * wind (digital): quantity of electricity imported from a solar source digital): quantity of imported electricity using biomass (MW) as a source; * oil (digital): quantity of imported electricity using biomass as a source (MW); * oil (digital): quantity of imported electricity based on biomass (MW) as a source; * oil (digital): quantity of imported electricity based on oil (MW); * gas (numerical): quantity of electricity imported using natural gas (MW) as a source; * nuclear (numerical): quantity of electricity imported from nuclear source (MW); * coal (numerical): quantity of imported electricity using coal as a source (MW); * other_fossils (numerical); * other_fossils (numerical): quantity of electricity imported using other fossil fuels as a source (MW). #### NewBrunswick: * total (numerical): total quantity of electricity imported from New Brunswick (MW); * electricity (numerical): quantity of electricity imported from all sources combined (MW). #### NewEngland: * total (numerical): total quantity of electricity imported from New England states (MW); * hydro (digital): quantity of electricity imported from hydraulic source (MW); * wind (digital); * wind (digital): quantity of electricity imported from wind source (MW); * solar (digital): quantity of electricity imported from solar source (MW); * biomass (digital): quantity of imported electricity based on biomass (MW); * oil (digital): quantity of imported electricity having as a source oil (MW); * gas (numerical): quantity of imported electricity using natural gas (MW) as a source; * nuclear (numerical): quantity of electricity imported from a nuclear source (MW); * coal (digital): quantity of imported electricity using coal as a source (MW); * quantity of imported electricity using coal as a source (MW) as a source; * other_fossils (numerical): quantity of imported electricity using other fossil fuels as a source (MW): quantity of imported electricity based on coal (MW) as a source; * quantity of imported electricity using coal as a source (MW) as a source; * other_fossils (numerical): quantity of imported electricity using coal as a source (MW) as a source; * other_fossils (numerical): quantity of electricity imported from other fossil fuels (MW) as a source (MW) _Consumption_Sources Sources of electricity supplied by Hydro-Québec. The total electricity consumption in megawatts (MW) is calculated from the values of production and exchanges. * total (numerical): total electricity consumption (MW); * hydraulic (numerical): electricity consumption from a hydraulic source (MW); * wind power (MW); * wind energy (numerical): electricity consumption from wind sources (MW); * others (numerical): consumption of electricity from other renewable sources (installations belonging to independent producers in Quebec) (MW); * solar (digital): source electricity consumption solar (MW); * thermal (digital): consumption of electricity from thermal source (MW); * geothermal (digital): consumption of electricity from geothermal source (MW); * biomass (digital): consumption of electricity based on biomass (MW); * nuclear (digital): consumption of electricity from a nuclear source (MW); * nuclear (digital): consumption of electricity from nuclear source (MW). ### Quebec_consummation_ges GHG emissions produced by electricity consumption in Quebec (including the GHGs emitted to produce imported electricity, therefore emitted outside Quebec). * total (numerical): total direct GHG emissions, in kilograms of CO2 equivalent (kg); * intensity (numerical): direct GHG emissions, in grams of CO2 equivalent per kilowatt hour (g/kWh)

All of Hydro-Québec data on electricity generation and consumption in Québec. Updated annually, the audited data is sent to the Régie de l’énergie du Québec. The data covers every hour of every day in a one-year period and attests to the high volume of electricity that is transmitted on the province’s power lines.

Meaning of terms and abbreviations Bâtonnet (bar): Quantity of heritage pool electricity in megawatthours Distributeur (distributor): Hydro-Québec in its electricity distribution activities Interruptible energy: Option offered to customers that enables the Distributor to better manage power demand Heritage pool electricity: A volume of up to 165 TWh of electricity a year excluding losses (equivalent to 16.5 million kilowatthours) that Hydro-Québec reserves for its Québec customers. This volume is stipulated by the Act to amend the Act respecting the Régie de l'énergie adopted in 2000. HQD: Hydro‑Québec Distribution. Name of administrative unit that was replaced by Groupe – Distribution, approvisionnement et services partagés in 2021. HQP: Hydro‑Québec Production. Name of administrative unit that was replaced by Groupe – Innovation, production, santé, sécurité et environnement in 2021. MWh: Megawatthour Generator: Hydro‑Québec in its electricity generation activities Interruptible power: Option offered to customers that enables the Generator to better manage power demand Integrated system: All of Hydro‑Québec’s power systems that are interconnected either directly or via neighboring systems Third party: Electricity supplier

Set of anonymized data on the electricity consumption of customers who participate in a local demand response program. The data points, recorded hourly, show variations in electricity use based on weather and time of day. Data is gathered from Hydro-Québec smart meters, Hilo smart thermostats and weather intelligence for the Montréal region, and covers the following:

Hourly consumption per substation Average inside temperature Average thermostat setpoint Number of customers connected Number of smart thermostats connected Presence of demand response events Calendar data Air temperature Wind speed Solar radiance Relative humidity Snow precipitation

Methods Hourly consumption by substation The hourly consumption of a substation is calculated by aggregating the individual hourly consumption data from the smart meters of all Hydro-Québec customers served by the substation.

Average indoor temperature and thermostat setpoint Average indoor temperatures and temperature settings are measured using Hilo smart thermostats. The data is then aggregated on an hourly basis and per substation.

Weather Real-time weather intelligence, i.e., the average outdoor temperature, wind speed, solar energy, relative humidity and snowfall, is updated hourly using the Weatherbit API.

Presence of demand response events (Hilo challenge) The presence of a demand response event in the hour is determined by the Hilo challenge history. A Hilo challenge is an event during which Hilo encourages its customers to reduce their home electricity use. Each challenge has three phases that normally take place at the following times:

Morning challenge: optional preheating phase (4 to 6 a.m.), reduction phase (6 to 10 a.m.), recovery phase (10 to 11 a.m.) Evening challenge: optional preheating phase (3 to 5 p.m.), reduction phase (5 to 9 p.m.), recovery phase (9 to 10 p.m.)

Additional Information

Update frequency: Unscheduled Sampling frequency: hourly Notices and conditions of use: The information provided represents raw data. The quality of the data is not guaranteed, and the data are subject to change without notice.

A data set specially produced for HackQC and combining, in near real time: * the sources of electricity produced in Quebec; * the exports and imports of electricity, by market; * the sources of imported electricity, by market; * the sources of electricity supplied by Hydro-Québec; * the sources of electricity supplied by Hydro-Québec; * the GHG emissions associated with the electricity consumed in Quebec; * the GHG emissions associated with the electricity consumed in Quebec (1). (1) Except for the electricity consumed in municipal networks and networks autonomous. ## Method Extraction and modeling of data from public sources external to the company. All data sources used are public, either in the form of open data or publicly released information. ## Information useful for interpreting data This is an order of magnitude used to estimate GHG emissions. It can be assumed that the MW correspond to the MWh of that same hour. Data on the sources of electricity produced in Quebec are collected every hour, at half an hour, at 8:30am, 9:30am, etc., with a delay of 90 minutes (360 minutes for the thermal source). Export and import data include transit transits, which represent only a small percentage of trade. This data is not suitable for the legal needs for the production of GHG emissions inventories by customers. Instead, these needs are met by the label (www.hydroquebec.com/developpement-durable/documentation-specialisee/rates-emission-ges.html). ## Description of labels Files can contain textual data (e.g. “Montreal”), numerical data (e.g. “Montreal”), numerical data (e.g. “2021-05-21”), and geometric data (e.g., “46°48'44””). They are organized using labels that correspond to categories. Here are the labels and their description: * LastExecuted: date and time of the last measurement available (in UTC); * date: date and time of the measurement. ### Quebec_Production_Sources Sources of electricity produced in Quebec, in megawatts (MW). * total (numerical). * total (numerical): total (numerical): total electricity production (MW); * wind energy (digital): production of electricity from wind sources (MW); * others (digital): production of electricity from installations belonging to independent producers of different renewable sources (MW); * solar (digital): electricity production from solar source (MW); * thermal (digital): electricity production from thermal source (MW). ### Net exports (exports — imports) of electricity, by market. ### Net exports (exports — imports) of electricity, by market. Data includes transit transits, which represent only a small percentage of trade. * total (numerical): total quantity of electricity exported by Quebec to New England states, New Brunswick, New York State, and Ontario (MW); * NewEngland (numerical): total quantity of electricity exported by Quebec to New England states (MW); * NewBrunswick (numerical): total quantity of electricity exported by Quebec to New England states (MW); * NewBrunswick (numerical): total quantity of electricity exported by Quebec to New Brunswick (MW); * NewYork (numerical): total quantity of electricity exported by Quebec to New York State (MW); * Ontario (numerical); * Ontario (numerical): total quantity of electricity exported by Quebec to Ontario (MW). ### Importations_Sources Sources of imported electricity, by market. The data includes transit transits, which represent only a small percentage of trade. #### Ontario: * total (numerical): total quantity of electricity imported from Ontario (MW); * hydro (digital): quantity of electricity imported from hydraulic source (MW); * wind (numerical); * wind (numerical): quantity of electricity imported from wind source (MW); * solar (digital): quantity of electricity imported from solar source (MW); * wind (numerical): quantity of electricity imported from solar source (MW); * wind (numerical): quantity of electricity imported from solar source (MW); * wind (numerical): quantity of electricity imported from solar source (MW); * wind (numerical): quantity of electricity imported from solar source (MW); * wind (numerical): quantity of electricity imported from solar source (MW); * wind (numerical): quantity of electricity imported from); * gas (numerical): quantity of imported electricity using natural gas (MW) as a source; * nuclear (numerical): quantity of electricity imported from nuclear source (MW). #### NewYork: * total (numerical): total quantity of electricity imported from New York State (MW); * hydro (digital): quantity of electricity imported from a hydraulic source (MW); * wind (digital): quantity of electricity imported from wind source (MW); * wind (digital): quantity of electricity imported from a solar source (MW); * wind (digital): quantity of electricity imported from a solar source (MW); * wind (digital): quantity of electricity imported from a solar source (MW); * wind (digital): quantity of electricity imported from a solar source (MW); * wind (digital): quantity of electricity imported from a solar source (MW); * wind (digital): quantity of electricity imported from a solar source (MW); * wind (digital): quantity of electricity imported from a solar source digital): quantity of imported electricity using biomass (MW) as a source; * oil (digital): quantity of imported electricity using biomass as a source (MW); * oil (digital): quantity of imported electricity based on biomass (MW) as a source; * oil (digital): quantity of imported electricity based on oil (MW); * gas (numerical): quantity of electricity imported using natural gas (MW) as a source; * nuclear (numerical): quantity of electricity imported from nuclear source (MW); * coal (numerical): quantity of imported electricity using coal as a source (MW); * other_fossils (numerical); * other_fossils (numerical): quantity of electricity imported using other fossil fuels as a source (MW). #### NewBrunswick: * total (numerical): total quantity of electricity imported from New Brunswick (MW); * electricity (numerical): quantity of electricity imported from all sources combined (MW). #### NewEngland: * total (numerical): total quantity of electricity imported from New England states (MW); * hydro (digital): quantity of electricity imported from hydraulic source (MW); * wind (digital); * wind (digital): quantity of electricity imported from wind source (MW); * solar (digital): quantity of electricity imported from solar source (MW); * biomass (digital): quantity of imported electricity based on biomass (MW); * oil (digital): quantity of imported electricity having as a source oil (MW); * gas (numerical): quantity of imported electricity using natural gas (MW) as a source; * nuclear (numerical): quantity of electricity imported from a nuclear source (MW); * coal (digital): quantity of imported electricity using coal as a source (MW); * quantity of imported electricity using coal as a source (MW) as a source; * other_fossils (numerical): quantity of imported electricity using other fossil fuels as a source (MW): quantity of imported electricity based on coal (MW) as a source; * quantity of imported electricity using coal as a source (MW) as a source; * other_fossils (numerical): quantity of imported electricity using coal as a source (MW) as a source; * other_fossils (numerical): quantity of electricity imported from other fossil fuels (MW) as a source (MW) _Consumption_Sources Sources of electricity supplied by Hydro-Québec. The total electricity consumption in megawatts (MW) is calculated from the values of production and exchanges. * total (numerical): total electricity consumption (MW); * hydraulic (numerical): electricity consumption from a hydraulic source (MW); * wind power (MW); * wind energy (numerical): electricity consumption from wind sources (MW); * others (numerical): consumption of electricity from other renewable sources (installations belonging to independent producers in Quebec) (MW); * solar (digital): source electricity consumption solar (MW); * thermal (digital): consumption of electricity from thermal source (MW); * geothermal (digital): consumption of electricity from geothermal source (MW); * biomass (digital): consumption of electricity based on biomass (MW); * nuclear (digital): consumption of electricity from a nuclear source (MW); * nuclear (digital): consumption of electricity from nuclear source (MW). ### Quebec_consummation_ges GHG emissions produced by electricity consumption in Quebec (including the GHGs emitted to produce imported electricity, therefore emitted outside Quebec). * total (numerical): total direct GHG emissions, in kilograms of CO2 equivalent (kg); * intensity (numerical): direct GHG emissions, in grams of CO2 equivalent per kilowatt hour (g/kWh)

In 2021, the province of Quebec had the highest electricity use share in Canada, accounting for some 37.5 percent of the national usage. Meanwhile, Manitoba and Saskatchewan each only represented about four percent of Canada's electricity use each that year.

All of Hydro-Québec’s historical data on electricity demand in Québec in megawatts. The data is available on an hourly basis and is collected annually. The data shows the variations in electricity needs based on the time of day.

Useful information for interpreting the data

The open data in this data set is calculated in real time by Hydro-Québec’s System Control Center. The data is provided for information purposes only and cannot be used as official data.

The official data (sent to the Régie de l’énergie du Québec) is available in this data catalogue.

Electricity demand for one hour corresponds to the total average demand during that hour.

The data is determined at the end of a time period. For example, the average hourly demand associated with 2019‑01‑01 2:00 is the average of the data collected from 2019‑01‑01 1:05 to 2019‑01‑01 2:00.

Additional information

          Update frequency: Annually
          Temporal coverage: Annually
                      Notices and conditions of use: The information provided represents raw data, comes without a guarantee of quality and is subject to change without notice.

Electricity generation by class of electricity producer (electric utilities, electricity producers, industries, etc.) and type of electricity generation (hydroelectric, combustible fuels, wind, etc.). Data are presented at the national and provincial levels, however not all combinations are available.

End-users in Canada face varying electricity costs, with a national monthly average of **** Canadian cents per kilowatt-hour, as of September 2023. Due to their remote location, electric energy is most expensive in the Northwest Territories, where the price per kilowatt-hour stands at ** Canadian cents. Electricity generation in the Northwest Territories is largely reliant on hydropower and petroleum. How is electricity produced in Canada? Canada’s electricity generation employs a diverse array of energy sources; however, the country is primarily reliant on hydroelectric power. Hydraulic turbines, propelled by flowing water, drive generators that produce electricity. The widespread use of hydroelectricity, particularly in the province of Quebec, has contributed to the province having the cheapest electricity prices nationwide, at *** Canadian cents per kilowatt-hour. In 2022, Canada generated nearly *** terawatt-hours of hydroelectric power. Average industrial and residential electricity prices in Canada Industry electricity prices within Canadian cities differ, and the average industrial electricity price in Canada fluctuated between **** and ***** Canadian cents per kilowatt-hour in 2022. By comparison, the average residential electricity prices in Canada oscillated between **** and ***** Canadian cents per kilowatt-hour, depending on the city. Notably, residential energy costs across the country tend to be higher when compared to the industrial sector.

Data on electricity sources supplied by Hydro‑Québec as well as an estimate of direct GHG emissions associated with electricity use in Québec. Updated hourly, the data illustrates variations in the intensity of direct GHG emissions based on sources of electricity provided and time of day. It was produced for Hydro‑Québec’s participation in HackQC from Données Québec in 2022.

This data does not meet the legal requirements concerning GHG inventory reporting with which our customers are required to comply. Rather, these requirements are met by the label described on the page on GHG emission rates associated with Hydro‑Québec’s electricity.

Methods Data from public sources outside Hydro‑Québec is extracted and compiled. All data sources used are public. They are accessible as open data or as publicly available information.

When estimating direct GHG emissions related to electricity use in Québec (Quebec_Estimation_Consommation_GES), we compile values from sources of electricity generated in Québec and values from electricity imports and exports per market (including wheel-through energy). Direct GHG emission factors from energy sources on Québec’s import and export markets are applied to these values. This provides an order of magnitude for estimating direct GHG emissions. Imports and exports include wheel-through energy, which represents only a small percentage of exchanges. The estimate also includes direct GHG emissions in connection with generation of imported electricity (emissions from outside Québec).

Data from sources of electricity supplied by Hydro‑Québec (Quebec_Consommation_Sources) is produced by combining values from sources of electricity generated in Québec and values from electricity imports and exports per market (including wheel‑through energy).

Useful information for interpreting the data For any given hour, it is assumed that the number of megawatts (MW) corresponds to the megawatt-hours (MWh) for this hour.

Additional information

Geographic coverage: province of Québec, except regions supplied by off-grid systems Temporal coverage: 48 hours Initial distribution: 2022-10-27 Notices and conditions of use:

This data does not meet the legal requirements concerning GHG inventory reporting with which our customers are required to comply. Rather, these requirements are met by the label described on the page on GHG emission rates associated with Hydro‑Québec’s electricity.
The information provided represents raw data. The quality of the data is not guaranteed, and the data is subject to change without notice.

This statistic displays the energy consumption of households in Canada in 2015, broken down by province. During this year, households in Alberta consumed the largest amount of energy per household, reaching ***** gigajoules; in comparison, Quebec households consumed about **** gigajoules per household.

The global hydropower equipment market is experiencing robust growth, driven by increasing demand for renewable energy sources and government initiatives promoting sustainable energy solutions. The market, estimated at $25 billion in 2025, is projected to witness a Compound Annual Growth Rate (CAGR) of 6% from 2025 to 2033, reaching an estimated value exceeding $40 billion by 2033. This growth is fueled by several key factors. Firstly, the expanding global population and its rising energy consumption are creating a greater need for reliable and sustainable power generation. Secondly, the ongoing shift away from fossil fuels and towards cleaner energy sources is significantly boosting investment in hydropower projects. Finally, technological advancements in hydropower equipment, leading to increased efficiency and reduced environmental impact, are further driving market expansion. The industrial sector currently dominates the application segment, followed by the residential and commercial sectors. Large hydropower equipment holds the largest share in the types segment, although the micro-hydropower segment is experiencing rapid growth, particularly in remote and off-grid areas. Geographically, North America and Europe currently hold significant market shares, driven by established hydropower infrastructure and supportive government policies. However, the Asia-Pacific region, particularly China and India, is expected to emerge as a key growth driver in the coming years due to substantial investments in new hydropower projects and increasing energy demands. While the market faces challenges such as the high initial capital cost of hydropower projects and potential environmental concerns related to dam construction, the long-term benefits of sustainable and clean energy generation are expected to outweigh these limitations. Key players in the market, including Eletrobras, BC Hydro, and others, are actively investing in research and development to improve efficiency and address environmental concerns, further solidifying the long-term growth prospects of the hydropower equipment market.

Data on net electricity imports and exports per market. Updated hourly, the data illustrates variations associated with exports and imported electricity sources according to market and based on time of day. The data includes wheel-through energy, which represents only a small percentage of exchanges. It was produced for Hydro‑Québec’s participation in HackQC from Données Québec in 2022.

Méthodes Data from public sources outside Hydro‑Québec is extracted and compiled. All data sources used are public. They are accessible as open data or as publicly available information.

Useful information for interpreting the data For any given hour, it is assumed that the number of megawatts (MW) corresponds to the megawatt-hours (MWh) for this hour.

Additional information

Geographic coverage: Northeastern North America Temporal coverage: 48 hours Initial distribution: 2022-10-27 Notices and conditions of use: The information provided represents raw data. The quality of the data is not guaranteed, and the data is subject to change without notice.

Renewable power producers have endured declines, largely because of drought conditions impacting hydroelectric generation in provinces like British Columbia and Manitoba. These challenges have led to increased reliance on electricity imports and have raised operational costs, hindering profit. However, Hydro-Québec's resilience, because of more favourable conditions, has allowed it to maintain stability and even expand its market share. Industry revenue has been decreasing at a CAGR of 1.9% over the past five years to total an estimated $39.1 billion in 2025, including an estimated increase of 1.6% in 2025 as the price of electric power climbs and pushes up revenue. Over the past five years, renewable power producers have faced volatility, mainly because of environmental factors and market dynamics. For example, surging natural gas prices in 2021 and 2022 favoured renewable power producers, but these prices have begun to normalize. Also, drought conditions forced some producers to purchase additional electricity, raising costs and squeezing profit. While renewable projects have expanded, the industry has also contended with rising land and maintenance costs, which have put additional pressure on profitability. Tariffs on steel, aluminum and electrical equipment may hike costs and lead to project delays for renewable power producers. Still, investments in solar and wind energy have been very strong, as technological advancements and supportive policies provided momentum. Looking ahead, renewable power producers are set for growth, driven by supportive government incentives and advancements in technology. Investments in solar and wind projects are expected to increase. Growing power needs alongside the construction of energy-intensive AI data centres will benefit power producers. Also, growth in residential housing as well as return to office trends will hike energy needs and boost the performance of renewable power producers. Significant investments in infrastructure and grid updates in provinces like British Columbia and Manitoba are on the horizon to support growing energy needs and modernize systems. Still, drought conditions may persist and impact provinces more reliant on hydro power generation. Industry revenue is forecast to increase at a CAGR of 1.3% to total an estimated $41.8 billion through the end of 2030.

Electric power selling price index (EPSPI). Monthly data are available from January 1981. The table presents data for the most recent reference period and the last four periods. The base period for the index is (2014=100).

The size of the North America Wind Power Equipment Market was valued at USD XX Million in 2023 and is projected to reach USD XXX Million by 2032, with an expected CAGR of 3.00% during the forecast period. The North America wind power equipment market is growing at a very robust pace due to additional investment being made in renewable energy resources with a steady pressure of sustainability there as concerns for climate change globally. The emphasis on wind energy capacity building, especially in the United States and Canada, reflects the intent to reduce dependence on fossil fuels and achieve aggressive emission-reduction goals. As a result of the friendly regulatory atmosphere, including federal and state incentives, installation of wind power has picked up speed significantly over the recent years. Advances in wind turbine technology have led to larger, even more efficient systems that maximize the amount of energy generated while minimizing costs. Larger rotor diameters and better control technologies enable turbines to capture wind energy more efficiently; wind is becoming increasingly comparable in price to traditional forms of energy. Offshore projects on the U.S. East Coast and in the Great Lakes region will open new market expansion opportunities as they develop. Challenges ahead include supply chain disruptions and policy support volatility, impacting investment decisions. In addition, much more enhanced grid infrastructure will be required to support such an integration of renewable energy sources. This aside, the North America wind power equipment market will continue to grow under the pressure of technology and a collective quest for a cleaner and healthier energy future. Recent developments include: November 2022: TPI Composites, Inc. (TPI) signed an agreement with GE Renewable Energy (GE) to allow the former company to secure a ten-year lease extension for its rotor blade manufacturing facility in Newton, Iowa, United States. Under the agreement, GE and TPI planned to develop competitive rotor blade manufacturing options to meet GE's commitments in the United States market, with production expected to commence in 2024. The agreement is a component of the Inflation Reduction Act of 2022's support for important American industries working in the domestic renewable energy sector., May 2022: BW Ideolhas signed an agreement with EDF Renewables and Maple Power to cooperate on the design of floating foundations for the AO6 floating offshore wind tender. This call for tender related to two sites with a capacity of 250 MW each. Combined, these two projects should produce the equivalent of the domestic electricity consumption of approximately one million inhabitants., April 2022: Boralex, a renewable energy company, partnered with Énergirand Hydro-Québec to develop three 400 MW wind projects in the Seigneurie de Beaupréterritory in Quebec, Canada.. Key drivers for this market are: 4., Rising Demand for Renewable Energy4.; Decreasing Cost per Kilowatt of Electricity Generated Through Wind Energy Sources. Potential restraints include: 4., Increasing Installation of Other Renewable Sources Such as Solar Energy. Notable trends are: Onshore Segment to Dominate the Market.

Electricity transmission companies in Canada are responsible for storing and distributing electricity from Canada's upstream generation facilities. They manage transmission and distribution networks that total over 160,000 kilometres to serve residential, industrial and commercial customers. Performance relies on electricity prices within provinces, although the inelasticity of energy needs and the high degree of regulation insulate transmitters from significant revenue drops. Performance is closely tied to major industrial, residential and commercial market sales. While residential market demand is somewhat inelastic, industrial and commercial output and sales are much more variable, so transmitters' performance in these sectors is essential. With both prices and consumption swelling, revenue has continued to push up despite various events leading to economic uncertainty. Overall, revenue is set to climb at a CAGR of 5.0% to $68.1 billion through 2024, including a 1.1% dip in 2024 alone. Profit has also remained elevated since companies typically pass costs down to consumers. Electric power transmitters have benefited from large-scale capital investment to repair and modernize existing infrastructure and expand it into frontier areas. Many of the largest distributors and transmitters have initiated extensive infrastructure improvement plans and are taking on new projects to diversify their revenue flow. Electricity transmission companies will undergo more infrastructure and network advancements in the coming years, albeit with slower revenue gains. Technology advancements, like smart meters, will help consumers and businesses keep their electricity bills down. Even so, a growing population and continued consumption will keep growth steady. Overall, revenue is set to push up at a CAGR of 0.8% through 2029, reaching $71.0 billion. Profit will remain constant as new infrastructure will keep operational costs down.