Estimated number of persons by quarter of a year and by year, Canada, provinces and territories.

This statistic shows the estimated population of Quebec, Canada from 2000 to 2023. In 2023, the estimated population of Quebec was about *** million people. This is an increase from 2000, when about **** million people were living in Quebec.

The statistic shows the total population in Canada from 2020 to 2024, with projections up until 2030. In 2024, the total population in Canada amounted to about 41.14 million inhabitants. Population of Canada Canada ranks second among the largest countries in the world in terms of area size, right behind Russia, despite having a relatively low total population. The reason for this is that most of Canada remains uninhabited due to inhospitable conditions. Approximately 90 percent of all Canadians live within about 160 km of the U.S. border because of better living conditions and larger cities. On a year to year basis, Canada’s total population has continued to increase, although not dramatically. Population growth as of 2012 has amounted to its highest values in the past decade, reaching a peak in 2009, but was unstable and constantly fluctuating. Simultaneously, Canada’s fertility rate dropped slightly between 2009 and 2011, after experiencing a decade high birth rate in 2008. Standard of living in Canada has remained stable and has kept the country as one of the top 20 countries with the highest Human Development Index rating. The Human Development Index (HDI) measures quality of life based on several indicators, such as life expectancy at birth, literacy rate, education levels and gross national income per capita. Canada has a relatively high life expectancy compared to many other international countries, earning a spot in the top 20 countries and beating out countries such as the United States and the UK. From an economic standpoint, Canada has been slowly recovering from the 2008 financial crisis. Unemployment has gradually decreased, after reaching a decade high in 2009. Additionally, GDP has dramatically increased since 2009 and is expected to continue to increase for the next several years.

Contained within the 3rd Edition (1957) of the Atlas of Canada is a plate that shows the distribution of population in what is now Canada circa 1851, 1871, 1901, 1921 and 1941. The five maps display the boundaries of the various colonies, provinces and territories for each date. Also shown on these five maps are the locations of principal cities and settlements. These places are shown on all of the maps for reference purposes even though they may not have been in existence in the earlier years. Each map is accompanied by a pie chart providing the percentage distribution of Canadian population by province and territory corresponding to the date the map is based on. It should be noted that the pie chart entitled Percentage Distribution of Total Population, 1851, refers to the whole of what was then British North America. The name Canada in this chart refers to the province of Canada which entered confederation in 1867 as Ontario and Quebec. The other pie charts, however, show only percentage distribution of population in what was Canada at the date indicated. Three additional graphs are included on this plate and show changes in the distribution of the population of Canada from 1867 to 1951, changes in the percentage distribution of the population of Canada by provinces and territories from 1867 to 1951 and elements in the growth of the population of Canada for each ten-year period from 1891 to 1951.

Historical dataset of population level and growth rate for the Quebec, Canada metro area from 1950 to 2025.

In 2021, for the first time in two decades, the population of the city of Montreal, located in the Canadian province of Quebec, had declined. The city had indeed lost slightly more than 25,000 inhabitants between 2020 and 2021, dropping from approximately 4.37 million to 4.34 million. In 2022, Montreal was the second most populous city in the country, behind Toronto, which had approximately 6.7 million inhabitants.

Annual population estimates as of July 1st, by census metropolitan area and census agglomeration, single year of age, five-year age group and gender, based on the Standard Geographical Classification (SGC) 2021.

Footnotes: 1 Population estimates based on the Standard Geographical Classification (SGC) 2016 as delineated in the 2016 Census. 2 A census subdivision (CSD) is a municipality (as determined by provincial/territorial legislation) or an area treated as municipal equivalent for statistical purposes (e.g., Indian reserves, Indian settlements and unorganized territories). Municipal status is defined by laws in effect in each province and territory in Canada. Census subdivisions (CSDs) are classified into 53 types according to official designations adopted by provincial/territorial or federal authorities." 3 Postcensal estimates are based on the latest census counts adjusted for census net undercoverage (including adjustment for incompletely enumerated Indian reserves) and on the estimated population growth that occurred since that census, as calculated using fiscal data. Intercensal estimates are based on postcensal estimates and census counts adjusted of the censuses preceding and following the considered year. Population estimates for census subdivisions (CSDs) in Quebec are provided by l'Institut de la statistique du Québec" (ISQ). Population estimates for CSDs in Alberta are provided by Alberta’s Office of Statistics and Information (OSI) in current geography for July 1 2016 and after. They are converted to the appropriate standard geographical classification (SGC) using geographical relationships provided by the OSI. Due to this geographical difference small discrepancies may exist between CSD populations released by Statistics Canada for Alberta and those found directly on the OSI’s website. CSD population estimates for Alberta prior to July 14 Population estimates as of July 1 are final intercensal up to 2015, final postcensal for 2016 to 2019, updated postcensal for 2020 and preliminary postcensal for 2021. 5 In order to categorize CSDs by population size (5,000-plus; under 5,000), population estimates as of July 1, 2016 are used. Moreover, within each category, CSDs are presented in ascending order on the basis of their population as of July 1, 2016. 6 Population estimates by age and sex for census subdivisions are available upon request as a custom cost-recovery product by contacting the Centre for Demography client services mailbox (statcan.demography-demographie.statcan@statcan.gc.ca).

In 2048, the population in Manitoba is projected to reach about 1.84 million people. This is compared to a population of 1.46 million people in 2024.

Housing Assessment Resource Tools (HART) This dataset contains 2 tables and 5 files which draw upon data from the 2021 Census of Canada. The tables are a custom order and contain data pertaining to older adults and housing need. The 2 tables have 6 dimensions in common and 1 dimension that is unique to each table. Table 1's unique dimension is the "Ethnicity / Indigeneity status" dimension which contains data fields related to visible minority and Indigenous identity within the population in private households. Table 2's unique dimension is "Structural type of dwelling and Period of Construction" which contains data fields relating to the structural type and period of construction of the dwelling. Each of the two tables is then split into multiple files based on geography. Table 1 has two files: Table 1.1 includes Canada, Provinces and Territories (14 geographies), CDs of NWT (6), CDs of Yukon (1) and CDs of Nunavut (3); and Table 1.2 includes Canada and the CMAs of Canada (44). Table 2 has three files: Table 2.1 includes Canada, Provinces and Territories (14), CDs of NWT (6), CDs of Yukon (1) and CDs of Nunavut (3); Table 2.2 includes Canada and the CMAs of Canada excluding Ontario and Quebec (20 geographies); and Table 2.3 includes Canada and the CMAs of Canada that are in Ontario and Quebec (25 geographies). The dataset is in Beyond 20/20 (.ivt) format. The Beyond 20/20 browser is required in order to open it. This software can be freely downloaded from the Statistics Canada website: https://www.statcan.gc.ca/eng/public/beyond20-20 (Windows only). For information on how to use Beyond 20/20, please see: http://odesi2.scholarsportal.info/documentation/Beyond2020/beyond20-quickstart.pdf https://wiki.ubc.ca/Library:Beyond_20/20_Guide Custom order from Statistics Canada includes the following dimensions and data fields: Geography: - Country of Canada as a whole - All 10 Provinces (Newfoundland, Prince Edward Island (PEI), Nova Scotia, New Brunswick, Quebec, Ontario, Manitoba, Saskatchewan, Alberta, and British Columbia) as a whole - All 3 Territories (Nunavut, Northwest Territories, Yukon), as a whole as well as all census divisions (CDs) within the 3 territories - All 43 census metropolitan areas (CMAs) in Canada Data Quality and Suppression: - The global non-response rate (GNR) is an important measure of census data quality. It combines total non-response (households) and partial non-response (questions). A lower GNR indicates a lower risk of non-response bias and, as a result, a lower risk of inaccuracy. The counts and estimates for geographic areas with a GNR equal to or greater than 50% are not published in the standard products. The counts and estimates for these areas have a high risk of non-response bias, and in most cases, should not be released. - Area suppression is used to replace all income characteristic data with an 'x' for geographic areas with populations and/or number of households below a specific threshold. If a tabulation contains quantitative income data (e.g., total income, wages), qualitative data based on income concepts (e.g., low income before tax status) or derived data based on quantitative income variables (e.g., indexes) for individuals, families or households, then the following rule applies: income characteristic data are replaced with an 'x' for areas where the population is less than 250 or where the number of private households is less than 40. Source: Statistics Canada - When showing count data, Statistics Canada employs random rounding in order to reduce the possibility of identifying individuals within the tabulations. Random rounding transforms all raw counts to random rounded counts. Reducing the possibility of identifying individuals within the tabulations becomes pertinent for very small (sub)populations. All counts are rounded to a base of 5, meaning they will end in either 0 or 5. The random rounding algorithm controls the results and rounds the unit value of the count according to a predetermined frequency. Counts ending in 0 or 5 are not changed. Universe: Full Universe: Population aged 55 years and over in owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero in non-reserve non-farm private dwellings. Definition of Households examined for Core Housing Need: Private, non-farm, non-reserve, owner- or renter-households with incomes greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratios less than 100% are assessed for 'Core Housing Need.' Non-family Households with at least one household maintainer aged 15 to 29 attending school are considered not to be in Core Housing Need, regardless of their housing circumstances. Data Fields: Table 1: Age / Gender (12) 1. Total – Population 55 years and over 2. Men+ 3. Women+ 4. 55 to 64 years 5. Men+ 6. Women+ 7. 65+ years 8. Men+ 9. Women+ 10. 85+ 11. Men+ 12. Women+ Housing indicators (13) 1. Total – Private Households by core housing need status 2. Households below one standard only...

#Description of the distribution areas of local populations of woodland caribou, forest ecotype, in Quebec The data represent the ranges of the 13 local populations and two areas of knowledge acquisition of woodland caribou, a forest ecotype in Quebec (hereinafter forest caribou). The file contains the polygons and the name assigned to each population or knowledge acquisition sector, the period covered by the telemetry data used during the delimitation exercise, and the date these boundaries were last updated. The information contained in the file of occurrences of species in a precarious situation of the Quebec Natural Heritage Data Center (CDPNQ) is also present in the file (CDPNQ occurrence number, French, English and scientific name of the species, the type of occurrence, the rank of precariousness [rank S] and the status under the Act Respecting Threatened or Vulnerable Species, see MELCCFP 2023 for a description of these fields.). ## #Contexte The Ministry of the Environment, the Fight against Climate Change, Wildlife and Parks (hereinafter MELCCFP) is responsible for the monitoring and management of forest caribou in Quebec (Government of Quebec, 2021 a). In 2017-2018, the MELCCFP improved its monitoring activities in order to obtain an accurate and up-to-date portrait of the situation of the various populations on its territory (see Literature review on the factors involved in the decline of caribou populations in Quebec, Government of Quebec, 2021 b). The local population has been identified as the appropriate monitoring and management scale for this species since each population may face different threats depending on the habitat and socio-economic context in which it is found (Environment Canada, 2008). It is within this framework that the work to identify and delimit the distribution areas of forest caribou populations carried out in 2021-2022 is part of. The local population is defined as a group of caribou occupying a defined territory that is spatially distinct from the territories occupied by other caribou groups. The dynamics of the local population are determined primarily by local factors influencing birth and mortality rates, rather than by the contributions or losses resulting from immigration or emigration between groups. Therefore, the ranges of local forest caribou populations in this file are defined as the geographic area where a group of individuals exposed to similar factors influencing their demographics live and which meets the needs of their life cycle over a given period of time (e.g. calving, rutting, wintering). Note that for the two knowledge acquisition sectors, Baie-James and Matamec, the number of caribou monitored and the temporal scale of monitoring do not allow to date clearly conclude that they are distinct local populations or to associate these caribou with an adjacent population. ## #Méthodologie in short The forest caribou populations in Charlevoix and Val-d'Or were excluded from the following manipulations, as their geographic isolation is sufficient to demonstrate that they are local populations distinct from other caribou groups. A minimal convex polygon was made using 100% of telemetry data from 2004-2012 and 2017-2021 for the population of Charlevoix and from 1986 to 2020 for that of Val-d'Or. For other forest caribou populations, telemetry data from collars placed on caribou by the MELCCFP and various partners (Université Laval, Université du Québec à Rimouski, Hydro-Québec, Government of Ontario and Government of Ontario and Government of Newfoundland and Labrador) were used to identify and delimit the distribution areas of local populations. The data ranges from 2001 to 2021, but the period covered by the data varies by sector of study (see field: Layer tempo for information). Forest caribou populations in Quebec were identified by assigning caribou monitored by telemetry to a population using the fuzzy classification method (c-mean fuzzy clustering; Schaefer et al., 2001; Schaefer et al., 2001; Schaefer and Wilson, 2002). This method aims to unite individuals into groups in order to maximize the distance between members of distinct groups and to minimize the distance between members of the same group. Centroids from individual home ranges were used in this analysis. The ranges were delineated by creating minimal convex polygons including 100% of caribou locations (100% MCP) assigned to a population. For the Baie-James sector, the area was delimited by removing the overlaps between the area inventoried in 2020 (Szor and Gingras, 2020) and the distribution areas of the surrounding local populations. For the Matamec sector, the area represents the non-overlap between the distribution area of the local population of the Lower North Shore and a minimal convex polygon encompassing all telemetry data for caribou in the Matamec sector and the local Lower North Shore population. The acquisition of knowledge on the distribution of caribou and the presence of distinct populations continues in the Baie-James sector (Nord-du-Québec) and the Matamec sector (Côte-Nord). The last update was made in 2021-2022. ## #Mise on guard and limitations of data use: * The ranges of forest caribou populations in Quebec in this file represent the state of knowledge on land use by caribou between 2001 and 2021. * The ranges of the Detour and Nottaway populations overlap both the province of Quebec and that of Ontario, while the ranges of the populations Caniapiscau, Lower North Shore, Lac Joseph and Joir River also straddle the province of Newfoundland and Labrador. Only the portion of the ranges of forest caribou populations in the province of Quebec is presented in the file. * Information on the ranges of local populations does not make it possible to establish with certainty that caribou is absent in territories outside the ranges. * The ranges represent areas where it is likely to find caribou belonging to the same population. They do not make it possible to identify the sectors used more or less strongly by caribou in this population or the sectors used by caribou to move within the range or from one population to another (connectivity sectors). * The ranges are subject to change, depending on the new telemetry data that will be acquired, the refinement of our local knowledge and the modifications of land use patterns by caribou. ## #Littérature Environment Canada. 2008. Scientific review for the identification of critical habitat for the boreal population of woodland caribou (Rangifer tarandus caribou) in Canada. August 2008. Ottawa: Environment Canada. 80 pp. + 192 p. appendices Government of Quebec. 2021 a. Monitoring system for forest caribou populations in Quebec and mountain caribou in Gaspésie 2020-2031: summary document, Ministry of Forests, Wildlife and Parks, Directorate of Expertise on Terrestrial Wildlife, Herpetofauna and Avifauna, 16 pp. Government of Quebec. 2021 b. Literature review on the factors involved in the decline of forest caribou populations in Quebec and mountain caribou in Gaspésie, Ministry of Forests, Wildlife and Parks, Directorate of Expertise on Terrestrial Wildlife, Herpetofauna and Avifauna, 244 pp. + 15p. appendices Ministry of the Environment, the Fight against Climate Change, Wildlife and Parks (MELCCFP). 2023. The Quebec Natural Heritage Data Center — Information document, Government of Quebec, Quebec, 32 pp. Schaefer, J.A., Veitch, A.M., Harrington, F.H., Harrington, F.H., Brown, W.K., Theberge, J.B., & Luttich, S.N. 2001. Fuzzy structure and spatial dynamics of a declining woodland caribou population. Oecologia, 126 (4), 507—514. https://doi.org/10.1007/s004420000555 Schaefer, J.A., & Wilson, C. C. 2002. The fuzzy structure of populations. Canadian Journal of Zoology, 80 (12), 2235—2241. https://doi.org/10.1139/z02-184 Szor, G, and G. Gingras. 2020. Aerial inventory of forest caribou (Rangifer tarandus caribou) in the James Bay, Rupert and La Grande sectors, Nord-du-Québec, in winter 2020, Ministry of Forests, Wildlife and Parks, Direction de la gestion de la fauna du Nord-du-Québec, 31 p.**This third party metadata element was translated using an automated translation tool (Amazon Translate).**

This table contains 13 series, with data for years 1926 - 1960 (not all combinations necessarily have data for all years), and was last released on 2000-02-18. This table contains data described by the following dimensions (Not all combinations are available): Geography (13 items: Canada; Newfoundland and Labrador; Prince Edward Island; Nova Scotia ...).

Footnotes: 1 Population estimates based on the Standard Geographical Classification (SGC) 2011 as delineated in the 2011 Census. 2 A census metropolitan area (CMA) is formed by one or more adjacent municipalities centred on a population centre (known as the core). A CMA must have a total population of at least 100,000 of which 50,000 or more must live in the core. To be included in the CMA, other adjacent municipalities must have a high degree of integration with the core, as measured by commuting flows derived from previous census place of work data. Once an area becomes a CMA, it is retained as a CMA even if its total population declines below 100,000 or the population of its core falls below 50,000. Small population centres with a population count of less than 10,000 are called fringe. All areas inside the CMA that are not population centres are rural areas. All CMAs are subdivided into census tracts. 3 Postcensal estimates are based on the latest census counts adjusted for census net undercoverage (including adjustment for incompletely enumerated Indian reserves) and for the estimated population growth that occurred since that census. Intercensal estimates are based on postcensal estimates and census counts adjusted of the censuses preceding and following the considered year. 4 Preliminary postcensal population estimates for census metropolitan areas (CMAs) in Quebec and British Columbia were prepared by l'Institut de la statistique du Québec" (ISQ) and BC Stats Ministry of Labour and Citizens' Services respectively. Estimates for Quebec were based on statistics derived from the registration file for insured people of the "Régie de l'assurance-maladie". Estimates for British Columbia were produced using a regression model based upon changes in residential electrical (hydro) connections and Ministry of Health Client Registry counts. These estimates were controlled to Statistics Canada provincial estimates. Please note that for these two specific cases5 Population estimates for July 1 are final intercensal from 2001 to 2010, final postcensal for 2011 to 2013, updated postcensal for 2014 to 2016 and preliminary postcensal for 2017. 6 The population growth, which is used to calculate population estimates of Census metropolitan areas (CANSIM 051-0056), is comprised of the components of population growth (CANSIM 051-0057). 7 This table replaces CANSIM table 051-0046. 8 Please refer to table 17100135 for more recent data. 9 Age at July 1.

There were over one million registered Indians in Canada as of December 2020. The region with the largest Indian population was Ontario, with 222 thousand, followed by Manitoba, which counted 164 thousand Indians. The regions with the smallest Indian populations were Yukon, and Northwest Territories.

Data quality: Hamilton, City (C) Total non-response (TNR) rate, short-form census questionnaire: 2.5% Total non-response (TNR) rate, long-form census questionnaire: 3.5% Notes: 203: Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language indicates whether a child is eligible for instruction at the primary and secondary levels in English in Quebec or in French in Canada outside Quebec pursuant to the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms' criteria except citizenship. In the 2021 Census the child eligible for instruction in the minority official language is younger than 18 years of age on December 31 2020. More information on the variables related to instruction in the minority official language including definitions concepts and classifications the questions from which they are derived and data quality can be found in the Instruction in the Minority Official Language Reference Guide Census of Population 2021 and the Minority language educational rights: Technical report on changes for the 2021 Census.204: Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language indicates whether a child is eligible for instruction at the primary and secondary levels in English in Quebec or in French in Canada outside Quebec pursuant to the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms' criteria except citizenship. In the 2021 Census the child eligible for instruction in the minority official language is younger than 18 years of age on December 31 2020. However the total population for this profile is school-aged children born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) representing children 5 to 17 years of age on December 31 2020. For residents of Quebec instruction in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada refers to children who have been instructed for at least one year in an English-language school (including in a French immersion program in an English-language school) at the primary or secondary level in Canada. For residents of Canada outside Quebec it refers to children who have been instructed for at least one year in a regular French program in a French-language school (excluding in a French immersion program in an English-language school) at the primary or secondary level in Canada. More information on the variables related to instruction in the minority official language including definitions concepts and classifications the questions from which they are derived and data quality can be found in the Instruction in the Minority Official Language Reference Guide Census of Population 2021 and the Minority language educational rights: Technical report on changes for the 2021 Census.

Description des aires de répartition des populations locales de caribous des bois, écotype forestier, au Québec

Les données représentent les aires de répartition des 13 populations locales et deux secteurs d’acquisition de connaissances du caribou des bois, écotype forestier au Québec (ci-après caribou forestier).

Le fichier contient les polygones et le nom attribué à chaque population ou secteur d’acquisition de connaissances, la période couverte par les données télémétriques utilisées lors de l’exercice de délimitation ainsi que la date de la dernière mise à jour de ces délimitations. Les informations contenues dans le fichier d’occurrences d’espèces en situation précaire du Centre de données sur le patrimoine naturel du Québec (CDPNQ) sont également présentes dans le fichier (numéro de l’occurrence CDPNQ, nom français, anglais et scientifique de l’espèce, le type d’occurrence, le rang de précarité [rang S] et le statut en vertu de la Loi sur les espèces menacées ou vulnérables, voir MELCCFP 2023 pour une description des ces champs).

Contexte

Le Ministère de l’Environnement, de la Lutte contre les Changements Climatiques, de la Faune et des Parcs (ci-après MELCCFP) est responsable du suivi et de la gestion des caribous forestiers au Québec (Gouvernement du Québec, 2021 a). En 2017-2018, le MELCCFP a bonifié ses activités de suivi afin d’obtenir un portrait précis et à jour de la situation des différentes populations sur son territoire (voir Revue de littérature sur les facteurs impliqués dans le déclin des populations de caribous au Québec, Gouvernement du Québec, 2021 b). La population locale a été identifiée comme l’échelle de suivi et de gestion adéquate pour cette espèce étant donné que chaque population peut faire face à des menaces différentes selon l’habitat et le contexte socio-économique dans lesquels elle se trouve (Environnement Canada, 2008). C’est dans ce cadre que s’insèrent les travaux d’identification et de délimitation des aires de répartition des populations de caribous forestiers réalisés en 2021-2022. La population locale se définit comme un groupe de caribous occupant un territoire défini se distinguant spatialement des territoires occupés par les autres groupes de caribous. La dynamique de la population locale est déterminée avant tout par les facteurs locaux influençant les taux de naissance et de mortalité, plutôt que par les apports ou les pertes découlant de l'immigration ou de l'émigration entre les groupes. De ce fait, les aires de répartition des populations locales de caribou forestier dans ce fichier se définissent comme la zone géographique où vit un groupe d'individus exposés à des facteurs similaires influençant leur démographie et qui satisfait aux besoins de leur cycle vital au cours d'une période donnée (p. ex. mise bas, rut, hivernage). À noter que pour les deux secteurs d’acquisition de connaissances, Baie-James et Matamec, le nombre de caribous suivis et l’échelle temporelle du suivi ne permettent pas de conclure à ce jour de façon claire qu’il s’agit de populations locales distinctes ou d’associer ces caribous à une population adjacente.

Méthodologie en bref

Les populations de caribous forestiers de Charlevoix et Val-d’Or ont été exclues des manipulations suivantes, car leur isolement géographique est suffisant pour démontrer qu’il s’agit de populations locales distinctes des autres groupes de caribous. Un polygone convexe minimal a été fait en utilisant 100 % des données télémétriques de 2004-2012 et 2017-2021 pour la population de Charlevoix et de 1986 à 2020 pour celle de Val-d’Or.

Pour les autres populations de caribous forestiers, les données télémétriques de colliers posés sur des caribous par le MELCCFP ainsi que différents partenaires (Université Laval, Université du Québec à Rimouski, Hydro-Québec, Gouvernement de l’Ontario et Gouvernement de Terre-Neuve-et-Labrador) ont été utilisées afin d’identifier et de délimiter les aires de répartition des populations locales. Les données s’échelonnent de 2001 à 2021, mais la période couverte par les données varie selon le secteur d’étude (voir le champ : Tempo de la couche pour l’information).

Les populations de caribous forestiers au Québec ont été identifiées en assignant les caribous suivis par télémétrie à une population selon la méthode de classification floue (c-mean fuzzy clustering ; Schaefer et coll., 2001 ; Schaefer et Wilson, 2002). Cette méthode vise à réunir les individus en groupes de façon à maximiser la distance entre les membres de groupes distincts et à minimiser la distance entre les membres d’un même groupe. Les centroïdes des domaines vitaux individuels ont été utilisés dans cette analyse. Les aires de répartition ont été délimitées en créant des polygones convexes minimaux incluant 100 % des localisations des caribous (MCP 100 %) assignés à une population. Pour le secteur Baie-James, l’aire a été délimitée en retirant les parties chevauchantes entre le secteur inventorié en 2020 (Szor et Gingras, 2020) et les aires de répartition des populations locales avoisinantes. Pour le secteur Matamec, l’aire représente la partie non chevauchante entre l’aire de répartition de la population locale de la Basse-Côte-Nord et un polygone convexe minimal englobant toutes les données télémétriques des caribous du secteur Matamec et de la population locale Basse-Côte-Nord. L’acquisition de connaissances sur la répartition des caribous et la présence de populations distinctes se poursuit dans le secteur Baie-James (Nord-du-Québec) et le secteur Matamec (Côte-Nord). La dernière mise à jour a été faite en 2021-2022.

Mise en garde et limites d’utilisation des données :

• Les aires de répartition des populations de caribous forestiers du Québec dans ce fichier représentent l’état des connaissances sur l’utilisation du territoire par le caribou entre 2001 et 2021.
• Les aires de répartition des populations Detour et Nottaway chevauchent à la fois la province du Québec et celle de l’Ontario, alors que les aires de répartition des populations Caniapiscau, Basse-Côte-Nord, Lac Joseph et Joir River chevauchent également la province de Terre-Neuve-et-Labrador. Seulement la portion sur le territoire de la province du Québec des aires de répartition des populations de caribou forestier est présentée dans le fichier.
• L’information sur les aires de répartition des populations locales ne permet pas d’établir avec certitude que le caribou est absent sur les territoires à l’extérieur des aires de répartition.
• Les aires de répartition représentent les secteurs où il est probable de retrouver des caribous appartenant à une même population. Elles ne permettent pas d’identifier les secteurs utilisés plus ou moins fortement par les caribous de cette population ni les secteurs utilisés par les caribous pour se déplacer au sein de l'aire de répartition ou d’une population à l’autre (secteurs de connectivité).
• Les aires de répartition sont sujettes à changer, en fonction des nouvelles données télémétriques qui seront acquises, du raffinement de nos connaissances locales et des modifications des patrons d’utilisation du territoire par les caribous.

Littérature

Environnement Canada. 2008. Examen scientifique aux fins de la désignation de l'habitat essentiel de la population boréale du caribou des bois (Rangifer tarandus caribou) au Canada. Août 2008. Ottawa: Environnement Canada. 80 p. + 192 p. annexes

Gouvernement du Québec. 2021 a. Système de suivi des populations de caribous forestiers au Québec et des caribous montagnards de la Gaspésie 2020-2031 : document synthèse, Ministère des Forêts, de la Faune et des Parcs, Direction de l’expertise sur la faune terrestre, l’herpétofaune et l’avifaune, 16 p.

Gouvernement du Québec. 2021 b. Revue de littérature sur les facteurs impliqués dans le déclin des populations de caribous forestiers au Québec et de caribous montagnards de la Gaspésie, Ministère des Forêts, de la Faune et des Parcs, Direction de l’expertise sur la faune terrestre, l’herpétofaune et l’avifaune, 244 p. + 15p. annexes

Ministère de l’Environnement, de la Lutte contre les Changements Climatiques, de la Faune et des Parcs (MELCCFP). 2023. Le Centre de données sur le patrimoine naturel du Québec – Document d’information, gouvernement du Québec, Québec, 32 p.

Schaefer, J. A., Veitch, A. M., Harrington, F. H., Brown, W. K., Theberge, J. B., & Luttich, S. N. 2001. Fuzzy structure and spatial dynamics of a declining woodland caribou population. Oecologia, 126(4), 507–514. https://doi.org/10.1007/s004420000555

Schaefer, J. A., & Wilson, C. C. 2002. The fuzzy structure of populations. Canadian Journal of Zoology, 80(12), 2235–2241. https://doi.org/10.1139/z02-184

Szor, G et G. Gingras. 2020. Inventaire aérien du caribou forestier (Rangifer tarandus caribou) dans les secteurs baie James, Rupert et La Grande, Nord-du-Québec, à l’hiver 2020, ministère des Forêts, de la Faune et des Parcs, Direction de la gestion de la faune du Nord-du-Québec, 31 p.

This statistic shows the number of recent immigrants in Quebec from 2000 to 2023. Between July 1, 2022, and June 30, 2023, there were 64,470 new immigrants to Quebec.

The data presented on this page concern the 2020-2022 mapping of temperature differences, the classification maps of these temperature differences (i.e. urban heat and freshness islands) and the map of the urban heat island intensity index. These different maps are detailed below: - The mapping of Temperature differences in °C represents the temperature difference in the city compared to a nearby forest. It was produced at the scale of the ecumene of Quebec (2021 census, 185,453 km2). This mapping, provided on a grid with a spatial resolution of 15 m, was carried out with a predictive machine learning model built on Landsat-8 satellite data provided by the *United States Geological Survey (USGS) * as well as from other geospatial variables such as hydrography and topography. - Mapping of classes of surface temperature differences, i.e. _Islands of urban heat and freshness (ICFU) * as well as from other geospatial variables such as hydrography and topography. - Mapping of classes of surface temperature differences, i.e. _Islands of urban heat and freshness (ICFU) _ was conducted for * population centers from the 2021 census * (CTRPOP) with at least 1,000 inhabitants and a density of at least 400 inhabitants per km2 to which is added a 2 km buffer zone. It thus covers all major urban centers, i.e. 14,072 km2. The method for categorizing ICFUs is the ranking of predicted temperature differences for each population center into 9 levels. Classes 8 and 9 are considered Urban Heat Islands and classes 1, 2, and 3 as Urban Freshness Islands. The interval values for each class and population center are shown in the production metadata file. Since the surface temperatures were analyzed at the scale of the Quebec ecumene, but the classification intervals were calculated for each population center individually, the differences in temperature grouped into the different classes vary from one region to another. Thus, there are differences observed in the predicted temperature differences between North and South Quebec and according to urban realities. For example, a temperature difference of 2°C may be present in class 1 (cooler) in a population center located in southern Quebec, but may be present in class 9 (very hot) in a population center in northern Quebec. It is therefore important to interpret the identification of heat islands in relation to the relative temperature difference data produced at the Quebec ecumene scale. In addition to this map, the map of * Temperature variations for the urbanization perimeters of the smallest municipalities 2020-2022 * covers all the urbanization perimeters that are not (or only partially) covered by the ICFU map. Thus, the two maps put side by side allow a complete coverage of all population centers and urbanization perimeters in Quebec. - The _Urban Heat Island Intensity Index (SUHII) _ map _ represents the Surface Urban Heat Island Intensity (SUHII) index _ represents the Surface Urban Heat Island Intensity (SUHII) index. This index is calculated for each * dissemination island * (ID) of Statistics Canada included in the * 2021 census population centers * (CTRPOP) * () * (CTRPOP). It highlights areas with higher heat island intensity, by calculating a weighted average from the classes of temperature differences, giving more weight to the hottest classes. This weight is proportional to the class number (for example, a class 9 surface is 9 times more important in the index than the same area with a class 1). These maps as well as those of * 2013-2014 * are used for the * Analysis of change between the mapping of heat/freshness islands 2013-2014 and 2020-2022 *. For more details on the creation of the various maps as well as their advantages, limitations and potential uses, consult the * Technote * (simplified version) and/or the * methodological report * (version complete). The production of this data was coordinated by the National Institute of Public Health of Quebec (INSPQ) and carried out by the forest remote sensing laboratory of the Center for Forestry Education and Research (CERFO), funded under the * 2013-2020 Climate Change Action Plan * of the Quebec government entitled Le Québec en action vert 2020.**This third party metadata element was translated using an automated translation tool (Amazon Translate).**

The provide detailed statistical tables for 18 scenarios by single year of the projection period (2001 to 2017). For each of the scenarios, data are available for persons who identify with each of the following three groups: the North American Indian population, the Métis or the Inuit. All three groups were projected separately for each of the ten provinces and three territories. However, the subprovincial and subterritorial level shown for the three groups varies as it depends on the groups' size. For the North American Indians, future numbers were calculated for the urban parts of all census metropolitan areas (CMAs), urban areas outside CMAs, rural areas and reserves. For the Métis, places of residence were grouped into urban parts of CMAs, urban areas outside CMAs and rural areas, which also include reserves. Because of their relatively small size, the Inuit population was projected separately for urban and rural locations only. This information is further broken down by age and sex. The 18 scenarios, as well as scenario-specific assumptions on the future trend in fertility and internal migration, are presented in the table below. In addition to these two components of population growth, all scenarios assumed declining mortality and negligible importance of international migration to the change of the size of three Aboriginal groups. The statistical tables of this CD-ROM are organized into three sections: Aboriginal groups - The projected population by Aboriginal group, type of residence, province/territory and sex for the 18 scenarios by single year from 2001 to 2017; Age and sex - The projected population by Aboriginal group, type of residence, age group and sex for the 18 scenarios by single year from 2001 to 2017; and Province/territory - The projected total Aboriginal population by province/territory, age group, sex and type of residence for the 18 scenarios for 2001 and 2017. The statistical tables are supplementary to the publication Projections of the Aboriginal populations, Canada, provinces and territories: 2001 to 2017 (catalogue no. 91-547).

Data quality: Total non-response (TNR) rate, short-form census questionnaire: 2.5% Total non-response (TNR) rate, long-form census questionnaire: 3.5%Notes: 203: Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language indicates whether a child is eligible for instruction at the primary and secondary levels in English in Quebec or in French in Canada outside Quebec pursuant to the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms' criteria except citizenship. In the 2021 Census the child eligible for instruction in the minority official language is younger than 18 years of age on December 31 2020. More information on the variables related to instruction in the minority official language including definitions concepts and classifications the questions from which they are derived and data quality can be found in the Instruction in the Minority Official Language Reference Guide Census of Population 2021 and the Minority language educational rights: Technical report on changes for the 2021 Census. 204: Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language indicates whether a child is eligible for instruction at the primary and secondary levels in English in Quebec or in French in Canada outside Quebec pursuant to the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms' criteria except citizenship. In the 2021 Census the child eligible for instruction in the minority official language is younger than 18 years of age on December 31 2020. However the total population for this profile is school-aged children born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) representing children 5 to 17 years of age on December 31 2020. For residents of Quebec instruction in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada refers to children who have been instructed for at least one year in an English-language school (including in a French immersion program in an English-language school) at the primary or secondary level in Canada. For residents of Canada outside Quebec it refers to children who have been instructed for at least one year in a regular French program in a French-language school (excluding in a French immersion program in an English-language school) at the primary or secondary level in Canada. More information on the variables related to instruction in the minority official language including definitions concepts and classifications the questions from which they are derived and data quality can be found in the Instruction in the Minority Official Language Reference Guide Census of Population 2021 and the Minority language educational rights: Technical report on changes for the 2021 Census.