Graph and download economic data for Income Before Taxes: Public Assistance, Supplemental Security Income, SNAP by Race: White and All Other Races, Not Including Black or African American (CXUWELFARELB0903M) from 2003 to 2023 about supplements, assistance, white, public, SNAP, food stamps, social assistance, tax, food, income, and USA.

In 2023, **** percent of Black people living in the United States were living below the poverty line, compared to *** percent of white people. That year, the total poverty rate in the U.S. across all races and ethnicities was **** percent. Poverty in the United States Single people in the United States making less than ****** U.S. dollars a year and families of four making less than ****** U.S. dollars a year are considered to be below the poverty line. Women and children are more likely to suffer from poverty, due to women staying home more often than men to take care of children, and women suffering from the gender wage gap. Not only are women and children more likely to be affected, racial minorities are as well due to the discrimination they face. Poverty data Despite being one of the wealthiest nations in the world, the United States had the third highest poverty rate out of all OECD countries in 2019. However, the United States' poverty rate has been fluctuating since 1990, but has been decreasing since 2014. The average median household income in the U.S. has remained somewhat consistent since 1990, but has recently increased since 2014 until a slight decrease in 2020, potentially due to the pandemic. The state that had the highest number of people living below the poverty line in 2020 was California.

On the assumption that poor people migrate to obtain better welfare benefits, the magnet hypothesis predicts that a state's poverty rate increases when its welfare benefit rises faster than benefits in surrounding states. The benefit competition hypothesis proposes that states lower welfare benefits to avoid attracting the poor from neighboring states. Previous investigations, which yield support for these propositions, suffer from weaknesses in model specification and methodology. We correct these deficiencies in a simultaneous equation model including a state's poverty rate and its benefit level for AFDC (Aid to Families with Dependent Children) as endogenous variables. We estimate the model using pooled annual data for the American states from 1960 to 1990, and find that a state's poverty rate does not jump significantly when its welfare payments outpace benefits in neighboring states. Neither is there any evidence of vigorous benefit competition among states. States respond to decreases in neighboring states.

Stata dataset and do file for all analysis tables and figures presented in manuscript, including appendices. (Appendix tables displaying descriptive statistics were created manually.)

In 2022, with more than ******* people, the ethnic Malay was the largest group of public assistance recipients from the Department of Social Welfare in Malaysia. The second-largest group was the Chinese Malaysian with more than ****** recipients of financial assistance in the same year.

What are the relative contributions of stereotypes about the race and deservingness of welfare recipients to Americans’ opinions on welfare? A recent study employing a conjoint-experimental method finds that Americans’ stereotypes of welfare recipients as undeserving drive negative attitudes towards welfare, while stereotypes of welfare recipients as Black have little effect. However, this finding may be produced by the measure of welfare attitudes that includes questions implicating deservingness. We implement a conceptual replication of that study using different measures of welfare policy opinions that directly ask respondents about spending, both on welfare generally and on specific welfare programs. We show that when support for welfare is measured using the spending questions, stereotypes about race are significantly associated with opposition to welfare. These results have important implications for the debate on Americans’ opposition to welfare programs, as well as for the measurement of policy opinions in surveys.

The purpose of this study was to provide an appropriate theoretical and empirical approach to concepts, measures, and methods in the study of black Americans. The questionnaire was developed over two years with input from social scientists, students, and a national advisory panel of black scholars. The final instrument is comprehensive, encompassing several broad areas related to black American life. The study explores neighborhood-community integration, services, crime and community contact, the role of religion and the church, physical and mental health, and self-esteem. It examines employment, the effects of chronic unemployment, the effects of race on the job, and interaction with family and friends. The survey includes questions about racial attitudes, race identity, group stereotypes, and race ideology. Demographic variables include education, income, occupation, and political behavior and affiliation. The sample includes 2,107 black United States citizens, 18 years of age or older. A national multistage probability sample was selected. Therefore, the sample is self-weighting and every black American household in the continental United States had an equal probability of being selected. The Murray Research Archive has available numeric file data from the study. A subset of numeric file data comprised of 500 respondents and 152 variables created specifically for use in research methodology and statistics courses is also available. Additional waves of data for this study have been collected and are available through ICPSR.

In 2022, the public assistance given to the ethnic Malay by the Malaysian Department of Social Welfare amounted to around *** million Malaysian ringgit. The second-largest amount went to the indigenous ethnic group in Sabah, East Malaysia, with more than ** million Malaysian ringgit in public assistance.

Ethnic Diversity and Preferences for Redistribution attempts to explain if individual's preferences for redistribution change if the ethnic diversity increases in a municipality. In this case, selected parts of the Swedish Election Studies has been matched with municipal data for the time period between 1985 and 1994, when Sweden had an active placement program of refugees. This meant that the refugees themselves were not allowed to decide where to settle, but instead they were places in municipalities which had contracts with the Swedish Integration Board (Invandrarverket). Originally the idea of the program was to direct the refugees to municipalities with good labor market conditions, but since the number of refugees arriving to Sweden were larger than expected, so in practice more or less all municipalities were a part of the program. With the placement program refugees spread more across the country, than before the program. Ethnic Diversity and Preferences for Redistribution focus primarily on refugees from nations which not were members in the OECD 1994 and Turkey. The data comes from the Swedish Election Studies survey waves for the elections in 1982, 1985, 1988, 1991 and 1994. Primarily it consists of various background variables and variables about individual's preferences for private health care, nuclear power and social benefits. The municipal data primarily consist of various socio-economic and political variables, such as population, tax base, welfare spending and share of refugees. Some of these variables are the average of the term (1986-1988, 1989-1991, and 1992-1994). Purpose: Investigate the causal link between the ethnic diversity in a society and its inhabitants´ preferences for redistribution. Ethnic Diversity and Preferences for Redistribution försöker att belysa om individers preferenser kring omfördelning förändras i och med att den etniska mångfalden i en kommun ökar. I detta fall har utvalda delar från Svensk valundersökning matchats ihop med kommundata under perioden 1985 till 1994, då Sverige hade ett aktivt utplaceringsprogram av flyktingar. Detta innebar att flyktingarna inte själva fick bestämma var de skulle bosätta sig, utan att de istället placerades i kommuner enligt kommunvisa avtal med Invandrarverket. Från början var tanken att styra flyktingarna mot kommuner som hade gynnsamma arbetsmarknadsförhållanden, men eftersom flyktinginvandringen blev större än förväntat kom i praktiken i stort sett alla kommuner att omfattas. I och med utplaceringsprogrammet blev flyktingmottagandet mer spritt över landet. I Ethnic Diversity and Preferences for Redistribution fokuserar främst på de flyktningar/invandrare som kommer från nationer som inte var medlemmar i OECD 1994 samt Turkiet. Datamängden som är hämtad från den Svenska valundersökningen är från undersökningsvågorna för 1982, 1985, 1988, 1991 och 1994 års val. Främst handlar det om variabler kring olika bakgrundsfaktorer och kring individers preferenser för privat hälsovård, kärnkraft samt för sociala bidrag. Den kommunala datan består främst av olika socioekonomiska och politiska variabler såsom population, skattebas, välfärdsutgifter och andelen invandrare. Vissa av dessa variabler är genomsnittet för mandatperioden (1986-1988, 1989-1991 och 1992-1994) Syfte: Att undersöka orsakssambandet mellan den etniska mångfalden i ett samhälle och dess invånares preferenser för omfördelning. The study is based on data both from the Swedish Election Studies with a simple random sample of individuals between 18 and 80 years living in Sweden and eligible to vote in the parliamentary elections, and municipal data from all Swedish municipalities (total universe). From this matched data, it is only individuals which have lived in the same municipality in both survey waves which they are involved, so no other external circumstances affect the individual's preferences.The study is based on data both from the Swedish Election Studies with a simple random sample of individuals between 18 and 80 years living in Sweden and eligible to vote in the parliamentary elections, and municipal data from all Swedish municipalities (total universe). From this matched data, it is only individuals which have lived in the same municipality in both survey waves which they are involved, so no other external circumstances affect the individual's preferences. Studien baseras på datamaterial från både Svensk valundersökning som bygger på ett obundet slumpmässigt urval av individer mellan 18 och 80 år som är röstberättigade i riksdagsvalet samt kommundata från alla svenska kommuner (totala populationen). Ur detta datamaterial har man enbart valt att behålla de individer som har bott kvar i samma kommun i båda undersökningsvågorna som de har medverkat i, för att inte andra yttre omständigheter ska påverkar individernas preferenser.Studien baseras på datamaterial från både Svensk valundersökning som bygger på ett obundet slumpmässigt urval av individer mellan 18 och 80 år som är röstberättigade i riksdagsvalet samt kommundata från alla svenska kommuner (totala populationen). Ur detta datamaterial har man enbart valt att behålla de individer som har bott kvar i samma kommun i båda undersökningsvågorna som de har medverkat i, för att inte andra yttre omständigheter ska påverkar individernas preferenser.

This dataset includes the ethnicity of applicants for Insurance Affordability Programs (IAPs) who identified their ethnicity as Hispanic with the ethnic origin as Guatemalan, Mexican/Mexican American/Chicano, Other, Puerto Rican, Salvadoran, Mixed, or Cuban, Hispanic with ethnic origin not reported, not Hispanic, or ethnicity not reported by reporting period. The ethnicity data is from the California Healthcare Eligibility, Enrollment and Retention System (CalHEERS) and includes data from applications submitted directly to CalHEERS, to Covered California, and to County Human Services Agencies through the Statewide Automated Welfare System (SAWS) eHIT interface. This dataset is part of public reporting requirements set forth by the California Welfare and Institutions Code 14102.5.

This map displays data from the Selected Economic Indicators (DP03) dataset from the 2010 American Community Survey 5-Yr Estimates, U.S. Census Bureau. Data is shown at the level of Census Tract, County, and Small Area (aggregation of Census Tracts developed by the New Mexico Department of Health). Measuring poverty is a topic of much current discussion. See the following links: A Different Way to Measure Poverty - http://www.sanders.senate.gov/imo/media/image/census.jpg"Few topics in American society have more myths and stereotypes surrounding them than poverty, misconceptions that distort both our politics and our domestic policy making."They include the notion that poverty affects a relatively small number of Americans, that the poor are impoverished for years at a time, that most of those in poverty live in inner cities, that too much welfare assistance is provided and that poverty is ultimately a result of not working hard enough. Although pervasive, each assumption is flat-out wrong." -Mark Rank, Professor of Social Welfare at Washington University: http://opinionator.blogs.nytimes.com/2013/11/02/poverty-in-america-is-mainstream/

The Child Welfare Outcomes Report data site

presents the most current publicly available data from the annual Child Welfare Outcomes Report. This includes data on state performance on seven child welfare outcomes measures as well as data not currently available in the full Report, including additional context data, characteristics of child maltreatment victims, characteristics of children in foster care, and alternate categorical breakdowns for all race/ethnicity data. The site allows users to create customized outputs and compare data across time and states.

Metadata-only record linking to the original dataset. Open original dataset below.

Ethnic Diversity and Preferences for Redistribution attempts to explain if individual's preferences for redistribution change if the ethnic diversity increases in a municipality. In this case, selected parts of the Swedish Election Studies has been matched with municipal data for the time period between 1985 and 1994, when Sweden had an active placement program of refugees. This meant that the refugees themselves were not allowed to decide where to settle, but instead they were places in municipalities which had contracts with the Swedish Integration Board (Invandrarverket). Originally the idea of the program was to direct the refugees to municipalities with good labor market conditions, but since the number of refugees arriving to Sweden were larger than expected, so in practice more or less all municipalities were a part of the program. With the placement program refugees spread more across the country, than before the program. Ethnic Diversity and Preferences for Redistribution focus primarily on refugees from nations which not were members in the OECD 1994 and Turkey.

The data comes from the Swedish Election Studies survey waves for the elections in 1982, 1985, 1988, 1991 and 1994. Primarily it consists of various background variables and variables about individual's preferences for private health care, nuclear power and social benefits. The municipal data primarily consist of various socio-economic and political variables, such as population, tax base, welfare spending and share of refugees. Some of these variables are the average of the term (1986-1988, 1989-1991, and 1992-1994).

Purpose:

Investigate the causal link between the ethnic diversity in a society and its inhabitants´ preferences for redistribution.

Graph and download economic data for Income Before Taxes: Public Assistance, Supplemental Security Income, SNAP by Race: Asian (CXUWELFARELB0904M) from 2003 to 2023 about supplements, assistance, asian, public, SNAP, food stamps, social assistance, tax, food, income, and USA.

As of 2019, approximately 18 million South Africans vulnerable to poverty or in need of state support received social grants, relief assistance or social relief paid by the government. The largest group that received social grants were Black and Coloured South Africans.

Graph and download economic data for Income Before Taxes: Social Security, Private & Government Retirement by Race: Black or African American (CXURETIRINCLB0905M) from 1984 to 2023 about social, retirement, African-American, social assistance, tax, government, income, private, and USA.

Contact information of the Race Relations Unit, Home Affairs Department. The multiple file formats are available for dataset download in API.

The survey is from the American Mosaic Project, a multiyear, multimethod study of the bases of solidarity and diversity in American life. The survey contains items measuring the place of diversity in visions of American society and in respondents' own lives; social and cultural boundaries between groups and dimensions of inclusion and exclusion; racial and religious identity, belonging and discrimination; opinions about sources of advancement for Whites and African Americans; opinions about immigration and assimilation; diversity in respondents' close-tie network; political identity and demographic information. The survey also includes oversamples of African American and Hispanic respondents, allowing for comparisons across racial/ethnic categories. Demographic variables include race, age, gender, religion, level of education, United States citizenship status, partisan affiliation, and family income. See Appendix: Project Narrative for more information.

The New Zealand Census of Population and Dwellings is the official count of how many people and dwellings there are in New Zealand. It provides a snapshot of our society at a point in time and helps to tell the story of its social and economic change. The 2023 Census, held on Tuesday 7 March, was the 35th New Zealand Census of Population and Dwellings. The first official census was run in 1851, and since 1877 there has been a census every five years, with only four exceptions.

This statistic shows the share of United States citizens by their opinion on the welfare of animals in zoos in 2016, by ethnicity. During the survey, ** percent of Hispanic respondents stated that they think most zoo animals are treated very well.