In 2023, the greatest share of players by ethnic group in the National Football League (NFL) were black or African American athletes, constituting just over ** percent of players within the NFL. Despite the large population of Hispanic or Latino people within the United States, there is a substantial underrepresentation within the NFL, with only *** percent of players identifying as such. National Football League The National Football League (NFL) is a professional American football league that was established in 1920 and now consists of 32 clubs divided into two conferences, the National Football Conference (NFC) and the American Football Conference (AFC). The league culminates in the Super Bowl, the NFL's annual championship game. As the league’s championship game, the Super Bowl has grown into one of the world's largest single-day sporting events, attracting high television ratings and generating billions of dollars in consumer spending. NFL revenues The NFL is one of the most profitable sports leagues in the world, generating a staggering **** billion U.S. dollars in 2022. This total revenue of all ** NFL teams has constantly increased over the past 15 years and, although this figure dropped significantly in 2020, this was largely as a result of the impact of coronavirus (COVID-19) containment measures. This significant drop in revenue demonstrates one of the primary impacts of COVID-19 on professional sports leagues. NFL franchises As a result of this profitability in non-pandemic times, the franchises of the NFL are attributed extremely high market values. The Dallas Cowboys were by far the most valuable franchise in the NFL, with a market value of **** billion US dollars in 2023. The high value of NFL franchises can be seen clearly when compared to those of the NBA, MLB, and NHL. Franchises within the NFL had an average market value of approximately *** billion U.S. dollars in 2023.

Of the big four professional sports leagues in North America, the NFL and the NBA have the highest percentage of African American players. In 2024, around **** percent of NFL players were African American, as well as around **** percent of assistant coaches.

The National Football League comprises 32 teams from across the United States competing in two conferences split roughly by region. The NFL is one of the most popular professional sports leagues in the United States, with televised games attracting millions of viewers each week. This survey depicts the level of interest in the NFL in the United States, and it showed that 42 percent of Black respondents were avid fans of the NFL as of April 2023.

As of August 2023, around half of NFL fans aged 18-29 were white. Meanwhile, 14 percent of NFL fans aged 30 or older were Black, while this figure stood at 16 percent among those aged 18 to 29.

The National Football League (NFL) is a professional football league in the United States comprising 32 teams spread out over two conferences. As one of the biggest professional sports leagues in the country, it is no surprise that the NFL attracts fans from all walks of life. In a 2020 survey, it was found that ** percent of Los Angeles fans were Hispanic, while ** percent were Black.

The National Football League (NFL) is a professional football league in the United States. The league was founded in 1920 as the American Professional Football Association and played its inaugural season with eleven teams. Nowadays, the NFL comprises 32 teams spread out over two conferences, the National Football Conference (NFC) and the American Football Conference (AFC), that each consist of four divisions. In a September 2020 survey in the United States, 12 percent of Hispanic respondents stated that they attended about one game per season on average.

This study examines subsequent head coach opportunities for former National Football League (NFL) head coaches. Descriptive statistics indicate that Black former NFL head coaches may experience diminished career opportunities relative to their White counterparts. Despite public interest, empirical evidence of diminished opportunities is limited. Moreover, Black former head coaches may be affected by characteristics of the media market they were most recently employed in. Under a subsequent CEO career framework, survival analysis is used to examine the effects of race and market characteristics on subsequent NFL head coach opportunities for former head coaches. Observations of former head coaches who neither ended their coaching careers nor possess head coach positions in the observed seasons are used (N=1,132). Black former NFL head coaches are less likely to secure subsequent NFL head coaching opportunities if their most recent coaching position was in a large media market. However, both Black and non-Black former head coaches who most recently coached in highly segregated metropolitan areas experienced higher likelihoods of securing subsequent head coaching opportunities. This segregated market effect is even stronger for Black former head coaches. The NFL can utilize this information in policy formation decisions regarding hiring policies and practices. Teams and their lead executives can also use this information to identify any personal biases that may arise within the head coach labor market. Coaches may use the information to best position themselves for subsequent career opportunities.

This graph shows the distribution of the NFL regular season television audience during 2013 by race or ethnicity. The share of Hispanic television viewers for the 2013 NFL regular season was eight percent.

In 2023, there were three black or African American head coaches in the National Football League, a decrease from seven head coaches in the 2018 season. Meanwhile, there was only one Hispanic or Latinx head coach in the NFL in the 2023 season.

Replication code and data for Race, Dehumanization, and the NFL National Anthem Protests

Replication data, codebook, and memo for "What’s in a Name? Symbolic Racism, Public Opinion, and the Controversy over the NFL’s Washington Football Team Name."

A January 2023 survey illustrated the average weekly viewership of National Football League games by respondents of different ethnicities in the United States. According to the survey, 30 percent of Asian respondents stated that they spent between two and four hours a week following NFL games, whereas this figure amounted to 23 percent for white survey participants. Meanwhile, 29 percent of African American/Black and Latino respondents spent between two and four hours weekly watching football.

Data on NFL draft selections from selected years 1965-2001

Tobit regression results (DV = lnAttendance).

American Football is one of the most popular sports in the United States, enjoyed by thousands of people live in the stadiums and millions more back home. The highest league in the land is the NFL, which consists of 32 teams divided equally into two conferences. At the end of the season, the two best-performing teams compete for the ultimate prize at the Super Bowl. College football is seen as the final step up towards the NFL, with the best performers on the college circuit gaining lucrative contracts with NFL teams at the end of each season during the NFL Draft. A January 2020 survey showed that 12 percent of African American respondents very much preferred watching college football to NFL on TV.

Fantasy Football Market Outlook

In 2023, the global fantasy football market size was valued at approximately USD 24.4 billion, and it is projected to reach USD 48.7 billion by 2032, growing at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 8.9%. This robust growth is driven by the increasing popularity of sports betting, the expansion of internet penetration, and the evolving digital landscape that has made fantasy sports more accessible to a global audience.

The burgeoning interest in fantasy football is significantly fueled by the thrill associated with virtual sports management and the competitive spirit it invokes among participants. The advent of high-speed internet and the proliferation of smartphones have considerably lowered entry barriers, enabling users from diverse demographics to engage with fantasy football platforms. Enhanced user interfaces and the strategic inclusion of real-time data and analytics have further enriched the user experience, making the game more immersive and engaging. Additionally, the growing partnerships between fantasy sports platforms and major sports leagues have enhanced the credibility and reach of the market.

Another crucial growth factor is the increasing monetization avenues within the fantasy football ecosystem. Platforms are leveraging ad revenues, subscription models, and in-app purchases to enhance their profitability. The introduction of innovative revenue streams like virtual goods, personalized content, and premium features provides substantial growth opportunities. Furthermore, the gamification of fantasy sports, including interactive features like social sharing and leaderboards, has significantly contributed to user retention and engagement.

Public perception and societal trends have also played a pivotal role in the market's growth. The cultural acceptance of fantasy sports as a mainstream activity has expanded its demographic reach beyond traditional sports enthusiasts. The integration of fantasy sports into mainstream media, including dedicated shows and podcasts, has increased visibility and user adoption. This cultural shift has also led to the formation of fantasy football communities, fostering a sense of camaraderie and collective enthusiasm.

American Football has played a pivotal role in the evolution of fantasy sports, particularly in North America, where the National Football League (NFL) stands as the most popular league for fantasy football. The deep-rooted passion for American Football among fans has translated into a robust fantasy football culture, with millions of participants engaging in both daily and season-long leagues. The NFL's extensive media coverage and the availability of detailed player statistics have made it an ideal sport for fantasy leagues, offering fans an opportunity to test their managerial skills and engage with the sport on a deeper level. This engagement is further amplified by the NFL's active promotion of fantasy football, which has helped to sustain and grow its fan base over the years.

From a regional perspective, North America continues to dominate the fantasy football market, driven by the high penetration of internet services and the strong sports culture in the region. The United States alone accounts for a significant portion of the market owing to the popularity of the National Football League (NFL). Meanwhile, Europe and the Asia Pacific are emerging as significant growth regions. The increasing popularity of soccer and the rising number of internet users in countries like India and China are expected to contribute to the market's expansion in these regions.

Platform Analysis

The fantasy football market is segmented into mobile applications and websites based on the platform. Mobile applications have revolutionized the fantasy sports experience by offering users the convenience of managing their teams on the go. The advent of sophisticated mobile apps with user-friendly interfaces, real-time updates, and interactive features has significantly enhanced user engagement. The integration of advanced analytics and personalized recommendations in mobile applications has made it easier for users to make informed decisions, thereby increasing user satisfaction and retention.

On the other hand, websites continue to be a popular platform among a segment of users who prefer a more detailed and expansive interface. Websites offer a broader range of features and functionalities compared to mobile applicatio

Brief demographic information for the enrolled subjects.

This dataset, named "state_trends.csv," contains information about different U.S. states. Let's break down the attributes and understand what each column represents:

1. state: The name of the U.S. state.
2. state_code: The two-letter postal code abbreviation for the state.
3. population: The population of the state.
4. sq_miles: The total land area of the state in square miles.
5. pop_density: Population density, which is the number of people per square mile.
6. region: The geographical region of the United States to which the state belongs (e.g., South, West).
7. psych_region: A description of the psychological region based on personality traits.
8. psy_reg: A shortened version of the psychological region.
9. extraversion: A measure of the state's population tendency toward extraversion.
10. agreeableness: A measure of the state's population tendency toward agreeableness.
11. conscientiousness: A measure of the state's population tendency toward conscientiousness.
12. neuroticism: A measure of the state's population tendency toward neuroticism.
13. openness: A measure of the state's population tendency toward openness.
14. data_science: A score related to the state's interest or proficiency in the field of data science.
15. artificial_intelligence: A score related to the state's interest or proficiency in artificial intelligence.
16. machine_learning: A score related to the state's interest or proficiency in machine learning.
17. data_analysis: A score related to the state's interest or proficiency in data analysis.
18. business_intelligence: A score related to the state's interest or proficiency in business intelligence.
19. spreadsheet: A score related to the state's interest or proficiency in spreadsheet usage.
20. statistics: A score related to the state's interest or proficiency in statistics.
21. art: A score related to the state's interest or involvement in the field of art.
22. dance: A score related to the state's interest or involvement in dance.
23. museum: A score related to the state's interest or presence of museums.
24. basketball: A score related to the state's interest or involvement in basketball.
25. football: A score related to the state's interest or involvement in football.
26. baseball: A score related to the state's interest or involvement in baseball.
27. soccer: A score related to the state's interest or involvement in soccer.
28. hockey: A score related to the state's interest or involvement in hockey.
29. has_nba: Indicates whether the state has a National Basketball Association (NBA) team (Yes/No).
30. has_nfl: Indicates whether the state has a National Football League (NFL) team (Yes/No).
31. has_mlb: Indicates whether the state has a Major League Baseball (MLB) team (Yes/No).
32. has_mls: Indicates whether the state has a Major League Soccer (MLS) team (Yes/No).
33. has_nhl: Indicates whether the state has a National Hockey League (NHL) team (Yes/No).
34. has_any: Indicates whether the state has any of the mentioned professional sports teams (Yes/No).

In summary, this dataset provides a variety of information about U.S. states, including demographic data, geographical region, psychological region, personality traits, and scores related to interests or proficiencies in various fields such as data science, art, and sports.

American Football is one of the most popular sports in the United States, enjoyed by thousands of people live in the stadiums and millions more back home. A January 2020 survey showed that 34 percent of Hispanic respondents very much enjoyed watching American Football on TV.

Demographic and exposure characteristics of subject groups.