Familial Alzheimer’s disease (FAD)-associated presenilin 1 (PS1) serves as a catalytic subunit of γ-secretase complex, which mediates the proteolytic liberation of β-amyloid (Aβ) from β-amyloid precursor protein (APP). In addition to its proteolytic role, PS1 is involved in non-proteolytic functions such as protein trafficking and ion channel regulation. Furthermore, postmortem AD brains as well as AD patients showed dysregulation of cholesterol metabolism. Since cholesterol has been implicated in regulating Aβ production, we investigated whether the FAD PS1-associated cholesterol elevation could influence APP processing. We found that in CHO cells stably expressing FAD-associated PS1 ΔE9, total cholesterol levels are elevated compared to cells expressing wild-type PS1. We also found that localization of APP in cholesterol-enriched lipid rafts is substantially increased in the mutant cells. Reducing the cholesterol levels by either methyl-β-cyclodextrin or an inhibitor of CYP51, an enzyme mediating the elevated cholesterol in PS1 ΔE9-expressing cells, significantly reduced lipid raft-associated APP. In contrast, exogenous cholesterol increased lipid raft-associated APP. These data suggest that in the FAD PS1 ΔE9 cells, the elevated cellular cholesterol level contributes to the altered APP processing by increasing APP localized in lipid rafts.

Lipid rafts are highly ordered regions of the plasma membrane enriched in signaling proteins and lipids. Their biological potential is realized in exosomes, a subclass of extracellular vesicles (EVs) that originate from the lipid raft domains. Previous studies have shown that EVs derived from human placental mesenchymal stromal cells (PMSCs) possess strong neuroprotective and angiogenic properties. However, clinical translation of EVs is challenged by very low, impure, and heterogeneous yields. Therefore, in this study, lipid rafts are validated as a functional biomaterial that can recapitulate the exosomal membrane and then be synthesized into biomimetic nanovesicles. Lipidomic and proteomic analyses show that lipid raft isolates retain functional lipids and proteins comparable to PMSC-EV membranes. PMSC-derived lipid raft nanovesicles (LRNVs) are then synthesized at high yields using a facile, extrusion-based methodology. Evaluation of biological properties reveals that LRNVs can promote neurogenesis and angiogenesis through modulation of lipid raft-dependent signaling pathways. A proof-of-concept methodology further shows that LRNVs could be loaded with proteins or other bioactive cargo for greater disease-specific functionalities, thus presenting a novel type of biomimetic nanovesicles that can be leveraged as targeted therapeutics for regenerative medicine.

The exploitation of computational techniques to predict the outcome of chemical reactions is becoming commonplace, enabling a reduction in the number of physical experiments required to optimize a reaction. Here, we adapt and combine models for polymerization kinetics and molar mass dispersity as a function of conversion for reversible addition fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) solution polymerization, including the introduction of a novel expression accounting for termination. A flow reactor operating under isothermal conditions was used to experimentally validate the models for the RAFT polymerization of dimethyl acrylamide with an additional term to accommodate the effect of residence time distribution. Further validation is conducted in a batch reactor, where a previously recorded in situ temperature monitoring provides the ability to model the system under more representative batch conditions, accounting for slow heat transfer and the observed exotherm. The model also shows agreement with several literature examples of the RAFT polymerization of acrylamide and acrylate monomers in batch reactors. In principle, the model not only provides a tool for polymer chemists to estimate ideal conditions for a polymerization, but it can also automatically define the initial parameter space for exploration by computationally controlled reactor platforms provided a reliable estimation of rate constants is available. The model is compiled into an easily accessible application to enable simulation of RAFT polymerization of several monomers.

Pseudoplanktonic crinoid raft colonies are an enigma of the Jurassic. These raft colonies are thought to have developed as floating filter-feeding communities due to an exceptionally rich oceanic niche, high in the water column enabling them to reach large densities on these log rafts. However, this pseudoplanktonic hypothesis has not been quantitatively tested, and there remains some doubt that this mode of life was possible. The ecological structure of the crinoid colony is resolved using spatial point process analyses and the duration estimates of the floating system until sinking using moisture diffusion models. Using spatial analysis, we found that the crinoids would have trailed preferentially positioned at the back of the floating log in the regions of least resistance, consistent with a floating, not benthic ecology. Additionally, we found using a series of moisture diffusion models at different log densities and sizes that ecosystem collapse did not take place solely due to colonies becoming overladen as previously assumed. Our analyses have found that these crinoid colonies studied could have existed for greater than 10 years, even up to 20 years exceeding the life expectancy of modern documented raft systems with possible implications for the role of modern raft communities in the biotic colonization of oceanic islands and intercontinental dispersal of marine and terrestrial species.

This dataset contains trajectory files from Southern Hemisphere particle releases conducted with Ocean Parcels (Delandmeter & van Sebille, 2019; https://oceanparcels.org) and run offline using daily surface velocities from ACCESS-OM2-01 (Kiss et al. 2020; https://dx.doi.org/10.25914/608097cb3433f), combined with Stokes drift velocities from Wave Watch III (Rascle and Ardhuin, 2013; ftp.ifremer.fr/ifremer/ww3/HINDCAST/GLOBAL/). Particle were released daily from 10 Southern Hemisphere islands and continents (South America, South Africa, Australia, New Zealand, Macquarie Island, Marion Island, Crozet Islands, Kerguelen Islands, South Georgia Island, Gough Island) for 19 years starting on 1 January 1997 and ending on 31 December 2015, with each particle tracked forward-in-time for three years. Particle trajectories are organised in directories by release location, with each file corresponding to a single release year. Each netcdf file contains particle trajectory positions (latitude and longitude) saved at a 5-day temporal resolution, along with a variable (shelf_col_3gc) that defines when a particle has reached the Antarctic coastline. Due to size restrictions, only particle trajectories that reached within three model grid cells of the Antarctic coastline (shelf_col_3gc = 1) are provided here. The code used to run these particle tracking experiments is available on Github at https://github.com/hrsdawson/GCB_Antarctic_Rafting. The scripts used to run the particle tracking experiments, analyse the output, and create the figures in the manuscript (cited below) are also available in the 'scripts.zip' folder. Citation of associated paper: Dawson, H. R. S., England, M. H., Morrison, A. K., Tamsitt, V., and Fraser, C. I. (2024). Floating debris and organisms can raft to Antarctic coasts from all major Southern Hemisphere landmasses, Global Change Biology. References: Delandmeter, P. and E. v. Sebille (2019). The Parcels v2. 0 Lagrangian framework: new field interpolation schemes. Geoscientific Model Development, 12(8), 3571–3584.

Kiss, A. E., A. M. Hogg, N. Hannah, F. Boeira Dias, G. B. Brassington, M. A. Chamberlain, C. Chapman, P. Dobrohotoff, C. M. Domingues, E. R. Duran, et al. (2020). ACCESS-OM2 v1. 0: a global ocean–sea ice model at three resolutions. Geoscientific Model Development, 13(2), 401–442.

Rascle, N. and F. Ardhuin (2013). A global wave parameter database for geophysical applications. Part 2: Model validation with improved source term parameterization. Ocean Modelling, 70, 174–188.

These data were used by the Idaho Department of Water Resources to support their business needs. The original imagery is from the USDA-Farm Service Agency - 1:20,000-scale black and white film. These data are not orthorectified.Individual image tiles can be downloaded using the Idaho Aerial Imagery Explorer.These data can be bulk downloaded from a web accessible folder.Users should be aware that temporal changes may have occurred since these data were collected and that some parts of these data may no longer represent actual surface conditions. Users should not use these data for critical applications without a full awareness of the limitations of these data as described in the lineage or elsewhere.

11310 Global import shipment records of Raft with prices, volume & current Buyer's suppliers relationships based on actual Global export trade database.

Uncover Market Research Intellect's latest Aircraft Life Raft Market Report, valued at USD 250 million in 2024, expected to rise to USD 400 million by 2033 at a CAGR of 6.5% from 2026 to 2033.

IOOS Sensor Observation Service (SOS) Server for NANOOS, the Northwest Association of Networked Ocean Observing Systems (http://nanoos.org). Provides access to marine in-situ observation data for the US Pacific Northwest and lower British Columbia, from the NANOOS asset data store harvested and integrated by NVS (NANOOS Visualization System, http://nvs.nanoos.org). To avoid data duplication, currently only assets not otherwise available to the IOOS Catalog (http://catalog.ioos.us) are accessible through this SOS server; for example, assets from most federal agencies are not accessible on this server, but they are available on the NVS application. This NANOOS service is run by the 52North IOOS SOS server software, and complies with the IOOS SOS "Milestone 1" service profile (https://code.google.com/p/ioostech/wiki/SOSGuidelines). This station provides the following variables: Air temperature, Sea water electrical conductivity, Sea water salinity, Sea water temperature

Supplementary information files for article Crosslinked p(MMA) particles by RAFT emulsion polymerisation: tuning size and stability

The controlled synthesis of amphiphilic di-block copolymers allows a large array of nanostructures to be created, including block copolymer particles, which have proved valuable for biomedical applications. Despite progress in targeting specific block copolymer architectures, control over the size and stability of spherical particles is less well explored. Here, we report the use of RAFT emulsion polymerisation to synthesise a library of p(MMA) particles, crosslinked with ethylene glycol dimethacrylate and stabilised by brush-like poly(ethylene glycol)-based polymers. We successfully synthesised a range of block copolymer particles, offering stability up to p(MMA)1000, with DLS reporting stable particle diameters of 33–176 nm and PDI < 0.2. DLS and AFM studies showed a general increase in particle diameter with increasing amounts of p(MMA). The use of a PEG methacrylate monomer with a methyl ether end group resulted in more well defined and stable particles than those with hydroxyl end groups. The copolymerisation of a suitably functionalized Gd(III) complex into the shell of the spherical p(MMA) particles resulted in Gd-loaded particles that were investigated in detail by 1H NMR relaxometry, demonstrating that the Gd complex was successfully incorporated into the particles. This study will inform the synthesis of core–shell particles with optimised stability and targeted sizes, and show a simple method to incorporate a molecular sensor, generating a macromolecular imaging agent.

34 Global import shipment records of Life Raft with prices, volume & current Buyer's suppliers relationships based on actual Global export trade database.

This collection contains 1962 3.5-meter black and white georectified images near the Raft River, Idaho. These data are sourced from the Idaho Department of Water Resources. These data are not orthorectified.

These data were used by the Idaho Department of Water Resources to support their business needs. The original imagery is from the USDA-Farm Service Agency - 1:20,000-scale black and white film.

Use Constraints: Public data. However, users should be aware that temporal changes may have occurred since these data were collected and that some parts of these data may no longer represent actual surface conditions. Users should not use these data for critical applications without a full awareness of the limitations of these data as described in the lineage or elsewhere.