Graph and download economic data for FOMC Summary of Economic Projections for the Fed Funds Rate, Median (FEDTARMD) from 2025 to 2028 about projection, federal, median, rate, and USA.

The benchmark interest rate in Japan was last recorded at 0.50 percent. This dataset provides - Japan Interest Rate - actual values, historical data, forecast, chart, statistics, economic calendar and news.

In July 2025, global inflation rates and central bank interest rates showed significant variation across major economies. Most economies initiated interest rate cuts from mid-2024 due to declining inflationary pressures. The U.S., UK, and EU central banks followed a consistent pattern of regular rate reductions throughout late 2024. In the first half of 2025, Russia maintained the highest interest rate at 18 percent, while Japan retained the lowest at 0.5 percent. Varied inflation rates across major economies The inflation landscape varies considerably among major economies. China had the lowest inflation rate at 0 percent in July 2025. In contrast, Russia maintained a high inflation rate of 8.8 percent. These figures align with broader trends observed in early 2025, where China had the lowest inflation rate among major developed and emerging economies, while Russia's rate remained the highest. Central bank responses and economic indicators Central banks globally implemented aggressive rate hikes throughout 2022-23 to combat inflation. The European Central Bank exemplified this trend, raising rates from 0 percent in January 2022 to 4.5 percent by September 2023. A coordinated shift among major central banks began in mid-2024, with the ECB, Bank of England, and Federal Reserve initiating rate cuts, with forecasts suggesting further cuts through 2025 and 2026.

The benchmark interest rate in Canada was last recorded at 2.50 percent. This dataset provides - Canada Interest Rate - actual values, historical data, forecast, chart, statistics, economic calendar and news.

The benchmark interest rate In the Euro Area was last recorded at 2.15 percent. This dataset provides - Euro Area Interest Rate - actual values, historical data, forecast, chart, statistics, economic calendar and news.

Internal Optical Disc Drives (ODDs) Market Outlook

The global internal optical disc drives (ODDs) market size was valued at approximately USD 1.2 billion in 2023, and it is projected to reach around USD 2.1 billion by 2032, growing at a Compound Annual Growth Rate (CAGR) of 6.1% during the forecast period. The growth in market size can be attributed to increasing data storage needs, the resurgence of physical media for archival purposes, and continuous demand from specific industrial and gaming applications.

One of the primary growth factors driving the internal ODDs market is the enduring demand for physical media and its role in data archiving. Despite the rise of cloud storage and digital distribution platforms, many enterprises and individual users prefer physical media for their critical data due to its longevity, reliability, and security. Optical discs offer a cost-effective and durable solution for long-term data storage, which is a significant factor contributing to the sustained demand for internal ODDs.

Another significant growth driver is the gaming industry's reliance on optical disc drives, particularly in gaming consoles. Modern gaming consoles still incorporate ODDs to cater to users who prefer physical copies of games. This trend is observed not only in personal gaming setups but also in gaming tournaments and events where physical media is preferred to avoid digital piracy. As gaming continues to be a dominant entertainment form, the demand for internal ODDs within this segment is expected to remain robust.

Technological advancements in optical disc drives, such as enhanced reading and writing speeds, increased storage capacities, and improved compatibility with various disc formats, are also contributing to market growth. Innovations like Ultra HD Blu-ray drives, which support higher resolution video and larger storage capacities, are attracting both consumer and commercial segments, thereby propelling market expansion. Additionally, ODDs are becoming more energy-efficient and compact, making them appealing for integration into modern computing systems.

The introduction of Disk Laser technology has revolutionized the capabilities of optical disc drives, offering unprecedented precision and efficiency in data reading and writing processes. Disk Lasers, known for their high beam quality and stability, have enabled ODDs to achieve faster data transfer rates and improved accuracy in media playback. This advancement is particularly beneficial for applications requiring high-definition content and large data volumes, such as gaming and media production. By incorporating Disk Laser technology, manufacturers can enhance the performance and reliability of ODDs, making them more appealing to both consumer and commercial markets. The ongoing development of Disk Lasers is expected to drive further innovation in the ODD industry, ensuring that these devices remain competitive in an increasingly digital landscape.

The regional outlook of the internal ODDs market reveals significant growth potential in emerging markets such as the Asia Pacific. The region's booming electronics manufacturing industry, coupled with rising disposable incomes and increasing adoption of gaming consoles and personal computers, is driving demand for internal ODDs. North America and Europe, while mature markets, continue to exhibit steady demand due to the presence of established IT infrastructure and a large base of gaming enthusiasts.

Type Analysis

The internal optical disc drives market is segmented by type into DVD Drives, Blu-ray Drives, and CD Drives. DVD Drives have long been the most common optical drives used in personal computers and other electronic devices. Their popularity stems from their affordability and versatility in reading and writing DVDs, which are widely used for data storage and media playback. Despite the rise of higher-capacity Blu-ray discs, DVD Drives continue to dominate a significant portion of the market due to their lower cost and compatibility with a vast existing library of DVD media.

Blu-ray Drives are gradually gaining traction, especially among users who require higher storage capacities and better media quality. Blu-ray discs offer superior video and audio quality, making them a preferred choice for high-definition media playback. The adoption of Blu-ray Drives is particularly high in the gaming industry and among enthusiasts who prioritize high-definition content. Furthermore, the

Graph and download economic data for Real-time Sahm Rule Recession Indicator (SAHMREALTIME) from Dec 1959 to Aug 2025 about recession indicators, academic data, and USA.

The time separating the first appearances of species from their divergences from related taxa affects assessments of macroevolutionary hypotheses about rates of anatomical or ecological change. Branch durations necessarily posit stratigraphic gaps in sampling within a clade over which we have failed to sample predecessors (ancestors) and over which there are no divergences leading to sampled relatives (sister taxa). The former reflects only sampling rates whereas the latter reflects sampling, origination and extinction rates. Because all three rates vary over time, the probability of a branch duration of any particular length will differ depending on when in the Phanerozoic that branch duration spans. Here, I present a birth death sampling model allowing interval to interval variation in diversification and sampling rates. Increasing either origination or sampling rates increases the probability of finding sister taxa that diverge both during and before intervals of high sampling/origination. Conversely, elevated extinction reduces the probability of divergences from sampled sister taxa before and during intervals of elevated extinction. In the case of total extinction, a Signor-Lipps will reduce expected sister-taxa leading up to the extinction, with the possible effect stretching back many millions of years when sampling is low. Simulations indicate that this approach provides reasonable estimates of branch duration probabilities under a variety of circumstances. Because our current probability models for describing morphological evolution are not as advanced as our methods for inferring diversification and sampling rates, branch duration priors allowing for time varying diversification and could be a potent tool for phylogenetic inference with fossil data.

As of June 17, 2024, the most shorted stock was for, the American holographic technology services provider, MicroCloud Hologram Inc., with 66.64 percent of their total float having been shorted. This is a change from mid-January 2021, when video game retailed GameStop had an incredible 121.07 percent of their available shares in a short position. In effect this means that investors had 'borrowed' more shares (with a future promise to return them) than the total number of shares available for public trading. Owing to this behavior of professional investors, retail investors enacted a campaign to drive up the stock price of Gamestop, leading to losses of billions when investors had to repurchase the stock they had borrowed. At this time, a similar – but less effective – social media campaign was also carried out for the stock price of cinema operator AMC, and the price of silver. What is short selling? Short selling is essentially where an investor bets on a share price falling by: borrowing a number of shares selling these shares while the price is still high; purchasing the same number again once the price falls; then returning the borrowed shares at a profit. Of course, a profit will only be made if the share price does fall; should the share price rise the investor will then need to purchase the shares back at a higher price, and thus incur a loss. Short selling can lead to some very large profits in a short amount of time, with Tesla stock generating over one billion dollars in short sell profits during the first week of March 2020 alone, owing to the financial crash caused by the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic. However, owing to the short-term, opportunistic nature of short selling, these returns look less impressive when considered as net profits from short sell positions over the full year. The risks of short selling Short selling carries greater risks than traditional investments, and for this reason financial advisors often recommend against this strategy for ‘retail’ (i.e. non-professional) investors. The reason for this is that losses from short selling are potentially uncapped, whereas losses from traditional investments are limited to the initial cost. For example, if someone purchases 100 dollars of shares, the maximum they can lose is the 100 dollars the spent on those shares. However, say someone borrows 100 dollars of shares instead, betting on the price falling. If these shares are then sold for 100 dollars but the price subsequently rises, the losses could greatly exceed the initial investment should the price rise to, say, 500 dollars. The risks of short selling can be seen by looking again at Tesla, with the company causing the greatest losses over 2020 from short selling at over 40 billion U.S. dollars.

Odds ratios (OR) and 95% Confidence Intervals (CI) obtained from multivariable generalized estimating equations models evaluating the association of CS with type of facility adjusting for known risk factors.

Classification of Multidisciplinary journals.