The benchmark interest rate in the United States was last recorded at 4.50 percent. This dataset provides the latest reported value for - United States Fed Funds Rate - plus previous releases, historical high and low, short-term forecast and long-term prediction, economic calendar, survey consensus and news.

Following the BoE’s interest rate cut, explore the immediate impact on the UK economy and how finance professionals and businesses can navigate the prospect of future reductions.

The benchmark interest rate In the Euro Area was last recorded at 2.15 percent. This dataset provides - Euro Area Interest Rate - actual values, historical data, forecast, chart, statistics, economic calendar and news.

Graph and download economic data for Interest Rates, Discount Rate for United States (INTDSRUSM193N) from Jan 1950 to Aug 2021 about discount, interest rate, interest, rate, and USA.

The benchmark interest rate in Poland was last recorded at 5 percent. This dataset provides - Poland Interest Rate - actual values, historical data, forecast, chart, statistics, economic calendar and news.

The benchmark interest rate in Hong Kong was last recorded at 4.75 percent. This dataset provides the latest reported value for - Hong Kong Interest Rate - plus previous releases, historical high and low, short-term forecast and long-term prediction, economic calendar, survey consensus and news.

Graph and download economic data for 10-Year Treasury Constant Maturity Minus Federal Funds Rate (T10YFF) from 1962-01-02 to 2025-07-21 about yield curve, spread, 10-year, maturity, Treasury, federal, interest rate, interest, rate, and USA.

United States FOMC Projection: Federal Funds Rate: Range: Y3: Lower End data was reported at 2.400 % in Dec 2024. This stayed constant from the previous number of 2.400 % for Sep 2024. United States FOMC Projection: Federal Funds Rate: Range: Y3: Lower End data is updated quarterly, averaging 2.000 % from Sep 2015 (Median) to Dec 2024, with 20 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 2.900 % in Sep 2015 and a record low of 0.100 % in Dec 2020. United States FOMC Projection: Federal Funds Rate: Range: Y3: Lower End data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Federal Reserve Board. The data is categorized under Global Database’s United States – Table US.M005: Federal Funds Rates: Summary of Economic Projections: Federal Reserve Board.

The benchmark interest rate in Chile was last recorded at 5 percent. This dataset provides - Chile Interest Rate - actual values, historical data, forecast, chart, statistics, economic calendar and news.

In Februar 2025, South Korea's central bank reduced the base rate to **** percent. Between May 2020 and January 2023, the rate had seen a continuous increase, impacting especially the housing market during this time.

Graph and download economic data for Market Yield on U.S. Treasury Securities at 30-Year Constant Maturity, Quoted on an Investment Basis (DGS30) from 1977-02-15 to 2025-07-22 about 30-year, maturity, Treasury, interest rate, interest, rate, and USA.

The benchmark interest rate in New Zealand was last recorded at 3.25 percent. This dataset provides - New Zealand Interest Rate - actual values, historical data, forecast, chart, statistics, economic calendar and news.

The industry has largely continued on its long-term trajectory of decline over the last five years. The industry continues to lose market share to more dynamic commercial banks as well as financial technology companies. The industry received tailwinds from regulations and the real estate market as a result of the recovering economy and low interest rates related to the pandemic at the onset of the period, limiting the industry's overall decline. However, interest rates were raised significantly by the Federal Reserve following the pandemic to tackle rampant inflation, which attracted customers to low-risk and high-yield savings accounts. However, in 2024, the Federal Reserve cut interest rates as inflationary pressures eased and is anticipated to cut rates further in the near future, limiting demand for industry services. Savings institutions' revenue has lagged at a CAGR of 1.4% to $73.2 billion over the past five years, including an expected jump of 0.9% in 2024 alone. The main story of this industry over the last five years has been interest rate fluctuations. The Federal Reserve lowered rates to near-zero to save the economy from the global shutdowns and general fear. Lowered rates reduced interest income from deposits, but increased revenue related to the fervorous real estate market. In 2022, the Federal Reserve reversed course and began hiking rates to control inflation. This had the inverse effects of low rates. The Federal Reserve cut interest rates in 2024 but interest rates remain elevated. Although, reduced rates will decrease interest income from deposits but increase demand from real estate-related financial products. Decreased regulatory oversight and a broad-based economic recovery are expected to drive some industry growth in the next five years. Savings institutions' revenue is expected to grow at a CAGR of 0.9% to $76.7 billion over the five years to 2029.

Graph and download economic data for Housing Inventory: Price Reduced Count in Maryland (PRIREDCOUMD) from Jul 2016 to May 2025 about reduced count, MD, price, and USA.

The benchmark interest rate in Germany was last recorded at 4.50 percent. This dataset provides - Germany Interest Rate - actual values, historical data, forecast, chart, statistics, economic calendar and news.

Lower Limit of First Home Mortgage Rate: Base Rate Discount: Hubei: Shiyan data was reported at 70.000 % in 07 Oct 2019. This stayed constant from the previous number of 70.000 % for 06 Oct 2019. Lower Limit of First Home Mortgage Rate: Base Rate Discount: Hubei: Shiyan data is updated daily, averaging 70.000 % from Jan 2019 (Median) to 07 Oct 2019, with 280 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 70.000 % in 07 Oct 2019 and a record low of 70.000 % in 07 Oct 2019. Lower Limit of First Home Mortgage Rate: Base Rate Discount: Hubei: Shiyan data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by The People's Bank of China. The data is categorized under China Premium Database’s Money Market, Interest Rate, Yield and Exchange Rate – Table CN.MA: Lower Limit of First Home Mortgage Rate: Prefecture Level City.

Brazil's inflation rate and central bank interest rate have experienced significant fluctuations from 2018 to 2025, reflecting broader global economic trends. The country's inflation peaked at 12.13 percent in April 2020, followed by a gradual decline and subsequent rise, while the central bank adjusted its Selic rate in response to these economic dynamics. This pattern of volatility and monetary policy adjustments mirrors similar experiences in other major economies during the same period. Global context of inflation and interest rates Brazil's economic indicators align with the global trend of rising inflation and subsequent central bank responses observed in many countries. Like Brazil, other major economies such as the United States, United Kingdom, and European Union implemented aggressive rate hikes throughout 2022-2023 to combat inflationary pressures. However, a coordinated shift began in mid-2024, with many central banks initiating rate cuts. This global trend is reflected in Brazil's monetary policy decisions, as the country began reducing its Selic rate in August 2023 after maintaining it at 13.75 percent for several months. Comparison with other economies While Brazil's inflation rate reached 5.53 percent in April 2025, other major economies exhibited varying levels of inflationary pressure. For instance, China reported a deflationary rate of -0.1 percent, while Russia maintained a high inflation rate of 10.2 percent during the same period. The United Kingdom, which experienced similar volatility in its inflation rate, saw it peak at 9.6 percent in October 2022 before moderating to 2.6 percent by September 2024. These comparisons highlight the diverse economic conditions and policy responses across different countries, with Brazil's experience falling somewhere in the middle of this spectrum.

UBS advises investors to buy silver, forecasting a price rise amid tariff tensions and potential interest rate cuts.

The Global Financial Crisis of 2008-09 was a period of severe macroeconomic instability for the United States and the global economy more generally. The crisis was precipitated by the collapse of a number of financial institutions who were deeply involved in the U.S. mortgage market and associated credit markets. Beginning in the Summer of 2007, a number of banks began to report issues with increasing mortgage delinquencies and the problem of not being able to accurately price derivatives contracts which were based on bundles of these U.S. residential mortgages. By the end of 2008, U.S. financial institutions had begun to fail due to their exposure to the housing market, leading to one of the deepest recessions in the history of the United States and to extensive government bailouts of the financial sector.

Subprime and the collapse of the U.S. mortgage market

The early 2000s had seen explosive growth in the U.S. mortgage market, as credit became cheaper due to the Federal Reserve's decision to lower interest rates in the aftermath of the 2001 'Dot Com' Crash, as well as because of the increasing globalization of financial flows which directed funds into U.S. financial markets. Lower mortgage rates gave incentive to financial institutions to begin lending to riskier borrowers, using so-called 'subprime' loans. These were loans to borrowers with poor credit scores, who would not have met the requirements for a conventional mortgage loan. In order to hedge against the risk of these riskier loans, financial institutions began to use complex financial instruments known as derivatives, which bundled mortgage loans together and allowed the risk of default to be sold on to willing investors. This practice was supposed to remove the risk from these loans, by effectively allowing credit institutions to buy insurance against delinquencies. Due to the fraudulent practices of credit ratings agencies, however, the price of these contacts did not reflect the real risk of the loans involved. As the reality of the inability of the borrowers to repay began to kick in during 2007, the financial markets which traded these derivatives came under increasing stress and eventually led to a 'sudden stop' in trading and credit intermediation during 2008.

Market Panic and The Great Recession

As borrowers failed to make repayments, this had a knock-on effect among financial institutions who were highly leveraged with financial instruments based on the mortgage market. Lehman Brothers, one of the world's largest investment banks, failed on September 15th 2008, causing widespread panic in financial markets. Due to the fear of an unprecedented collapse in the financial sector which would have untold consequences for the wider economy, the U.S. government and central bank, The Fed, intervened the following day to bailout the United States' largest insurance company, AIG, and to backstop financial markets. The crisis prompted a deep recession, known colloquially as The Great Recession, drawing parallels between this period and The Great Depression. The collapse of credit intermediation in the economy lead to further issues in the real economy, as business were increasingly unable to pay back loans and were forced to lay off staff, driving unemployment to a high of almost 10 percent in 2010. While there has been criticism of the U.S. government's actions to bailout the financial institutions involved, the actions of the government and the Fed are seen by many as having prevented the crisis from spiraling into a depression of the magnitude of The Great Depression.

Commercial Banks generate most of their revenue through loans to customers and businesses. Loans are set at interest rates that are influenced by different factors, including the federal funds rate (FFR), the prime rate, debtors' creditworthiness and overall macroeconomic performance. The Commercial Banking industry’s performance was mixed during the current period, which included both the postpandemic recovery and a strong economy amid high interest rates. At the onset of the period, volatile economic conditions created domestic and global dollar funding pressures, creating havoc in the Treasuries market and causing the Fed to act as a dealer of last resort by flooding the international and domestic dollar funding markets with liquidity. The Fed set interest rates to near zero in March 2020 to stimulate the economy; despite this, weak economic performance in 2020 limited demand for bank lending and investment, causing industry revenue to decline. In 2022, the Fed began increasing interest rates to curb historically high inflation. Commercial Banks benefited from the higher rates, which resulted in greater interest income for the industry and contributed to double-digit revenue growth in 2022 and 2023. However, as inflation receded, the Fed cut interest rates in 2024 and is anticipated to cut rates further in 2025 to provide a boost to the economy. Overall, industry revenue has been growing at a CAGR of 7.2% to $1,418.0 billion over the past five years, including an expected decrease of 3.7% in 2025 alone. During the outlook period, industry revenue is forecast to shrink at a CAGR of 1.3% to $1,328.5 billion through the end of 2030. Further interest rate cuts would lower interest income for the industry, hampering profit. In a lower interest rate environment, commercial banks would likely encounter rising loan demand but experience reduced investment income from fixed-income securities. In addition, the acquisition of financial technology start-ups to compete will increase as the industry continues to evolve.