Each question is answered on a scale of 1 to 5 (1 = strongly disagree, 5 = strongly agree). The System Usability Scale (SUS) score (last line of part 2) is obtained by subtracting 1 from the score of each odd-numbered question and subtracting the score of even-numbered from 5. We sum the results obtained for each question and multiply by 2.5 to obtain the final score.

Direct volume rendering has become an essential tool to explore and analyse 3D medical images. Despite several advances in the field, it remains a challenge to produce an image that highlights the anatomy of interest, avoids occlusion of important structures, provides an intuitive perception of shape and depth while retaining sufficient contextual information. Although the computer graphics community has proposed several solutions to address specific visualization problems, the medical imaging community still lacks a general volume rendering implementation that can address a wide variety of visualization use cases while avoiding complexity. In this paper, we propose a new open source framework called the Programmable Ray Integration Shading Model, or PRISM, that implements a complete GPU ray-casting solution where critical parts of the ray integration algorithm can be replaced to produce new volume rendering effects. A graphical user interface allows clinical users to easily experiment with pre-existing rendering effect building blocks drawn from an open database. For programmers, the interface enables real-time editing of the code inside the blocks. We show that in its default mode, the PRISM framework produces images very similar to those produced by a widely-adopted direct volume rendering implementation in VTK at comparable frame rates. More importantly, we demonstrate the flexibility of the framework by showing how several volume rendering techniques can be implemented in PRISM with no more than a few lines of code. Finally, we demonstrate the simplicity of our system in a usability study with 5 medical imaging expert subjects who have none or little experience with volume rendering. The PRISM framework has the potential to greatly accelerate development of volume rendering for medical applications by promoting sharing and enabling faster development iterations and easier collaboration between engineers and clinical personnel.

Research data supporting "Block copolymer-directed single diamond hybrid structures derived from X-ray nanotomography"

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X-ray tomography (CT) image data of a graphite foam block (KFoam). The 3D image was generated with an X-ray tomography scan performed by Dr Llion Evans with Manchester X-ray Imaging Facility equipment, which was funded in part by the EPSRC (grants EP/F007906/1, EP/F001452/1 and EP/I02249X/1).

The dataset includes: raw radiographs; scan & reconstruction parameter settings file; reconstructed 3D volume. To visualise the 3D volume use software such as ImageJ (https://imagej.net/Fiji/Downloads). The volume image data (NMT_15_229_LLME_DivInterlayer.raw) is in binary format and has the following characteristics: 1586 x 1567 x 1588; 8-bit; little-endian byte order.

The second .zip file is a 200 x 200 x 200 subset of this dataset. This was used to perform a tortuosity analysis on the foam. This dataset includes three sets of tiff images; tomographic slices; binarised slices; skeletonised slices. It also includes an excel file with the results of the tortuosity analysis performed with ImageJ.

This data was used originally for the following publications (please cite if re-using the data):

Ll.M. Evans, L. Margetts, P.D. Lee, C.A.M. Butler, E. Surrey, “Image based in silico characterisation of the effective thermal properties of a graphite foam”, Carbon, Vol. 143, pp. 542-558, 2018. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.carbon.2018.10.031

Ll.M. Evans, L. Margetts, P.D. Lee, C.A.M. Butler, E. Surrey, “Improving modelling of complex geometries in novel materials using 3D imaging”, Proceedings of NEA International Workshop on Structural Materials for Innovative Nuclear Systems, Manchester, UK, July 2016. https://www.oecd-nea.org/science/smins4/documents/P1-18_LlME_SMINS4_paper_reviewed.pdf

This layer contains the location of the various Survey Blocks within the Gawler Craton Airborne surveys. The Blocks define the acquisition regions for Airborne Magnetic Data, Gamma-Ray Data and Elevation Data captured during various tranches of... This layer contains the location of the various Survey Blocks within the Gawler Craton Airborne surveys. The Blocks define the acquisition regions for Airborne Magnetic Data, Gamma-Ray Data and Elevation Data captured during various tranches of the PACE Gawler Craton Airborne Geophysical Survey Program.

Note that pseudo chroma-depth and aerial perspective are not listed as they differ from chroma-depth only in the content of the transfer function and not in the computation. In practice the frame rate difference was not measurable.

XRF (Elio: 40kV, 80 µA, spot measurements of 60s each) analysis of inks from wood blocks and prints from the Rylands Library, Manchester

1. Results_Rylands_WoodBlockPrints.pptx - detailed results
2. XRF_spectra.zip - complete XRF Dataset
3. XRF_Spots_Snapshots.zip - Snapshots of the spots analysed

Block copolymers are widely used in many applications due to their spontaneous self-assembly into a variety of nanoscale morphologies. However, a grand challenge in navigating this diverse and ever-growing array of possible structures is the accelerated discovery, design, and implementation of new materials. Here, we report a versatile and efficient strategy to accelerate materials discovery by rapidly building expansive, high-quality, and detailed block copolymer libraries through a combination of controlled polymerization and chromatographic separation. To illustrate the potential of this approach, a family of 16 parent diblock copolymers was synthesized and separated, leading to over 300 distinct and well-defined samples at the multigram scale. The resulting materials span a wide range of compositions with exceptional resolution in volume fraction and domain spacing that allows for the impact of monomer design on polymer self-assembly to be elucidated. Phase behavior that can be glea..., Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy: Solution state 1H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectra were recorded on a Varian 600 MHz spectrometer. Chemical shifts (δ) are reported in ppm relative to residual protio-solvent in CDCl3 (7.26 ppm). Size Exclusion Chromatography: Size-exclusion chromatography (SEC) was conducted on a Waters Alliance HPLC System, 2690 Separation Module using chloroform with 0.25% triethylamine as the eluent with a flow rate of 0.35 mL/min. Refractive index traces from a Waters 2410 Differential Refractometer detector were used for estimates of the molar mass and dispersity relative to linear polystyrene standards with a chloroform mobile phase. Small Angle X-Ray Scattering: SAXS measurements of bulk samples were conducted using a custom-built high brilliance laboratory beamline for small and wide angle X-ray scattering (SAXS/WAXS) at the BioPACIFIC Materials Innovation Platform at UCSB. The instrument is constructed using a high brightness liquid metal jet X-..., , Accelerated Discovery and Mapping of Block Copolymer Phase Diagrams

Elizabeth A. Murphy,†,‡,# Stephen J. Skala,†,%,# Dimagi Kottage,†,‡ Phillip A. Kohl,†,# Youli Li,†,# Cheng Zhang,†,Ͱ Craig J. Hawker,,†,‡,%,# and Christopher M. Bates,,†,‡,§,%,#

†Materials Research Laboratory, ‡Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, %Materials Department, §Department of Chemical Engineering, and #BioPACIFIC Materials Innovation Platform, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, United States ͰAustralian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology and Centre for Advanced Imaging University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia

Data file names are labeled as Sample Name_Characterization Technique and organized into folders corresponding to figure and table numbers in the manuscript.

Data is acquired from the following analytical characterization techniques:

Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy: Solution state nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spe...

Radiometric data collected as part of a high-resolution airborne magnetic and radiometric survey over the southwest portion of the Colorado Mineral Belt in southwestern Colorado are provided as digital flight-line and grid files. Radiometric (or gamma-ray) surveys measure naturally occurring low-level radiation and are sensitive to the presence of rocks within 30 cm of the surface that are enriched in uranium, thorium, or potassium. Data for this survey were acquired by NV5 Geospatial, Inc. and its sub-contractors Precision GeoSurveys, Inc. and EDCON-PRJ, Inc under contract with the USGS. The survey was flown in September and October of 2023 using a helicopter equipped with a gamma-ray spectrometer stowed onboard. The helicopter pilots followed pre-planned flight paths in a grid-like pattern, with north-south lines spaced 200 meters apart and east-west lines spaced 1,000 meters apart. Lines were flown 100 meters above ground as much as possible to maximize the detection of gamma ...

Amphipathic water-soluble helices formed from synthetic peptides or foldamers are promising building blocks for the creation of self-assembled architectures with non-natural shapes and functions. While rationally designed artificial quaternary structures such as helix bundles have been shown to contain preformed cavities suitable for guest binding, there are no examples of adaptive binding of guest molecules by such assemblies in aqueous conditions. We have previously reported a foldamer 6-helix bundle that contains an internal nonpolar cavity able to bind primary alcohols as guest molecules. Here, we show that this 6-helix bundle can also interact with larger, more complex guests such as n-alkyl glycosides. X-ray diffraction analysis of co-crystals using a diverse set of guests together with solution and gas-phase studies reveals an adaptive binding mode whereby the apo form of the 6-helix bundle undergoes substantial conformational change to accommodate the hydrocarbon chain in a manner reminiscent of glycolipid transfer proteins in which the cavity forms upon lipid uptake. The dynamic nature of the self-assembling and molecular recognition processes reported here marks a step forward in the design of functional proteomimetic molecular assemblies.

The radiometric, or gamma-ray spectrometric method, measures the natural variations in the gamma-rays detected near the Earth's surface as the result of the natural radioactive decay of potassium, …Show full descriptionThe radiometric, or gamma-ray spectrometric method, measures the natural variations in the gamma-rays detected near the Earth's surface as the result of the natural radioactive decay of potassium, uranium and thorium. The data are collected on airborne geophysical surveys conducted by Commonwealth, State & NT Governments and the private sector.

The radiometric, or gamma-ray spectrometric method, measures the natural variations in the gamma-rays detected near the Earth's surface as the result of the natural radioactive decay of potassium …Show full descriptionThe radiometric, or gamma-ray spectrometric method, measures the natural variations in the gamma-rays detected near the Earth's surface as the result of the natural radioactive decay of potassium (K), uranium (U) and thorium (Th). The data collected are processed via standard methods to ensure the response recorded is that due only to the rocks in the ground. The results produce datasets that can be interpreted to reveal the geological structure of the sub-surface. The processed data is checked for quality by GA geophysicists to ensure that the final data released by GA are fit-for-purpose. This radiometric potassium grid has a cell size of 0.00096 degrees (approximately 104m) and shows potassium element concentration of the Hodgkinson-Georgetown Block A, QLD, 1999, Prospectivity Plus Init. in units of percent (or %). The data used to produce this grid was acquired in 1999 by the QLD Government, and consisted of 93258 line-kilometres of data at a line spacing between 200m and 400m, and 80m terrain clearance.

A new strategy is reported to access α,ω‐dithiol polymer building blocks with tunable molecular weights and compositions for the preparation of random multiblock copolymers based on styrenic, acrylic, and siloxanes. This facile synthetic approach provides access to dithiols through a two‐step process: (1) an initial copolymerization of vinyl monomers with ethyl lipoate followed by (2) disulfide bond reduction, producing dithiol terminated polymer products. Thiol‐terminated polymers are easily prepared over a wide range of molecular weights (2–32 kDa) by simply controlling the feed ratio of vinyl monomer to ethyl lipoate. Mixtures of these linear dithiol‐terminated building blocks were repolymerized via oxidative coupling to create random multiblock copolymers with high molecular weights (68–95 kDa) and controlled degradability. In summary, this approach for preparing and recombining telechelic dithiol polymers creates opportunities to manipulate the mechanical and physical properties of...

Herein, we report a new salt of a pyrophosphate-functionalized uranyl peroxide nanocluster {U24Pp12} (1) exhibiting Oh molecular symmetry both in the solid and solution. Study of the system yielding 1 across a wide range of pH by single-crystal X-ray diffraction, small-angle X-ray scattering, and a combination of traditional 31P and diffusion-ordered spectroscopy (DOSY) NMR affords unprecedented insight into the amphoteric chemistry of this uranyl peroxide system. Key results include formation of a rare binary {U24}·{U24Pp12} (3) system observed under alkaline conditions, and evidence of acid-promoted decomposition of {U24Pp12} (1) followed by spatial rearrangement and condensation of {U4} building blocks into the {U32Pp16} (2) cluster. Furthermore, 31P DOSY NMR measurements performed on saturated solutions containing crystalline {U32Pp16} show only trace amounts (∼2% relative abundance) of the intact form of this cluster, suggesting a complex interconversion of {U24Pp12}, {U32Pp16}, and {U4Pp4–x} ions.

We have resolved a great number of Bragg peaks of photonic colloidal single crystals by synchrotron small angle X-ray scattering (SAXS). We find that charge-stabilized colloids form face-centered cubic crystals at all densities up to ∼60 vol %. The colloidal particles are highly ordered on their lattice sites, which confirms that these self-organizing materials are suitable building blocks for optical photonic matter. The experiments demonstrate that synchrotron SAXS with two-dimensional detection is a powerful tool to study systems with length scales comparable to optical wavelengths.

The radiometric, or gamma-ray spectrometric method, measures the natural variations in the gamma-rays detected near the Earth's surface as the result of the natural radioactive decay of potassium, …Show full descriptionThe radiometric, or gamma-ray spectrometric method, measures the natural variations in the gamma-rays detected near the Earth's surface as the result of the natural radioactive decay of potassium, uranium and thorium. The data are collected on airborne geophysical surveys conducted by Commonwealth, State & NT Governments and the private sector.

Data, do-files, and log-files to replicate the results reported in the paper.

The radiometric, or gamma-ray spectrometric method, measures the natural variations in the gamma-rays detected near the Earth's surface as the result of the natural radioactive decay of potassium (K), uranium (U) and thorium (Th). The data collected are processed via standard methods to ensure the response recorded is that due only to the rocks in the ground. The results produce datasets that can be interpreted to reveal the geological structure of the sub-surface. The processed data is checked for quality by GA geophysicists to ensure that the final data released by GA are fit-for-purpose. The terrestrial dose rate grid is derived as a linear combination of the filtered K, U and Th grids. A low pass filter is applied to this grid to generate the filtered terrestrial dose rate grid. This GSQ Hodgkinson Georgetown Block A Qld dose rate grid geodetic has a cell size of 0.00096 degrees (approximately 104m) and shows the terrestrial dose rate of the Hodgkinson-Georgetown Block A, QLD, 1999, Prospectivity Plus Init.. The data used to produce this grid was acquired in 1999 by the QLD Government, and consisted of 93258 line-kilometres of data at a line spacing between 200m and 400m, and 80m terrain clearance.

The radiometric, or gamma-ray spectrometric method, measures the natural variations in the gamma-rays detected near the Earth's surface as the result of the natural radioactive decay of potassium, uranium and thorium. The data are collected on airborne geophysical surveys conducted by Commonwealth, State & NT Governments and the private sector. The radiometric, or gamma-ray spectrometric method, measures the natural variations in the gamma-rays detected near the Earth's surface as the result of the natural radioactive decay of potassium, uranium and thorium. The data are collected on airborne geophysical surveys conducted by Commonwealth, State & NT Governments and the private sector.