The number of home sales in the United States peaked in 2021 at almost ************* after steadily rising since 2018. Nevertheless, the market contracted in the following year, with transaction volumes falling to ***********. Home sales remained muted in 2024, with a mild increase expected in 2025 and 2026. A major factor driving this trend is the unprecedented increase in mortgage interest rates due to high inflation. How have U.S. home prices developed over time? The average sales price of new homes has also been rising since 2011. Buyer confidence seems to have recovered after the property crash, which has increased demand for homes and also the prices sellers are demanding for homes. At the same time, the affordability of U.S. homes has decreased. Both the number of existing and newly built homes sold has declined since the housing market boom during the coronavirus pandemic. Challenges in housing supply The number of housing units in the U.S. rose steadily between 1975 and 2005 but has remained fairly stable since then. Construction increased notably in the 1990s and early 2000s, with the number of construction starts steadily rising, before plummeting amid the infamous housing market crash. Housing starts slowly started to pick up in 2011, mirroring the economic recovery. In 2022, the supply of newly built homes plummeted again, as supply chain challenges following the COVID-19 pandemic and tariffs on essential construction materials such as steel and lumber led to prices soaring.

The number of U.S. home sales in the United States declined in 2024, after soaring in 2021. A total of four million transactions of existing homes, including single-family, condo, and co-ops, were completed in 2024, down from 6.12 million in 2021. According to the forecast, the housing market is forecast to head for recovery in 2025, despite transaction volumes expected to remain below the long-term average. Why have home sales declined? The housing boom during the coronavirus pandemic has demonstrated that being a homeowner is still an integral part of the American dream. Nevertheless, sentiment declined in the second half of 2022 and Americans across all generations agreed that the time was not right to buy a home. A combination of factors has led to house prices rocketing and making homeownership unaffordable for the average buyer. A survey among owners and renters found that the high home prices and unfavorable economic conditions were the two main barriers to making a home purchase. People who would like to purchase their own home need to save up a deposit, have a good credit score, and a steady and sufficient income to be approved for a mortgage. In 2022, mortgage rates experienced the most aggressive increase in history, making the total cost of homeownership substantially higher. Are U.S. home prices expected to fall? The median sales price of existing homes stood at 413,000 U.S. dollars in 2024 and was forecast to increase slightly until 2026. The development of the S&P/Case Shiller U.S. National Home Price Index shows that home prices experienced seven consecutive months of decline between June 2022 and January 2023, but this trend reversed in the following months. Despite mild fluctuations throughout the year, home prices in many metros are forecast to continue to grow, albeit at a much slower rate.

House prices growth in France is expected to slow down until 2023, according to a July 2022 forecast by the banking group Groupe BCPE. In 2021, the average house price increased by over seven percent. In 2022, this figure is set to decrease to four percent and in 2023, house prices are expected to fall by three percent. Some of the factors cited by the source are the worsening economic conditions, rising interest rates, and the energy transition. About 4.8 million homes in France have an energy performance F or G which are likely to face additional renovation costs to be rented. From 2023 onwards, properties with these scores can no longer be rented and to be sold, the owner needs to perform an energy audit. This, along with more regulations to come in force in the coming years, is likely to impact the price development for vintage properties.

The U.S. housing market has slowed, after ** consecutive years of rising home prices. In 2021, house prices surged by an unprecedented ** percent, marking the highest increase on record. However, the market has since cooled, with the Freddie Mac House Price Index showing more modest growth between 2022 and 2024. In 2024, home prices increased by *** percent. That was lower than the long-term average of *** percent since 1990. Impact of mortgage rates on homebuying The recent cooling in the housing market can be partly attributed to rising mortgage rates. After reaching a record low of **** percent in 2021, the average annual rate on a 30-year fixed-rate mortgage more than doubled in 2023. This significant increase has made homeownership less affordable for many potential buyers, contributing to a substantial decline in home sales. Despite these challenges, forecasts suggest a potential recovery in the coming years. How much does it cost to buy a house in the U.S.? In 2023, the median sales price of an existing single-family home reached a record high of over ******* U.S. dollars. Newly built homes were even pricier, despite a slight decline in the median sales price in 2023. Naturally, home prices continue to vary significantly across the country, with West Virginia being the most affordable state for homebuyers.

Alexandria Real Estate Equities net profit margin for the quarter ending March 31, 2025 was 4.22%. Alexandria Real Estate Equities average net profit margin for 2024 was 7.5%, a 49.66% decline from 2023. Alexandria Real Estate Equities average net profit margin for 2023 was 14.9%, a 16.57% decline from 2022. Alexandria Real Estate Equities average net profit margin for 2022 was 17.86%, a 54.51% decline from 2021. Net profit margin can be defined as net Income as a portion of total sales revenue.

Graph and download economic data for Real Residential Property Prices for China (QCNR628BIS) from Q2 2005 to Q1 2025 about China, residential, HPI, housing, real, price index, indexes, and price.

Alexandria Real Estate Equities return on assets for the quarter ending March 31, 2025 was 0.35. Alexandria Real Estate Equities average return on assets for 2024 was 0.61, a 46.49% decline from 2023. Alexandria Real Estate Equities average return on assets for 2023 was 1.14, a 16.18% decline from 2022. Alexandria Real Estate Equities average return on assets for 2022 was 1.36, a 57.1% decline from 2021. Roa - return on assets can be defined as an indicator of how profitable a company is relative to its total assets. Calculated by dividing a company's operating earnings by its total assets.

House price index in China, March, 2025 The most recent value is 121.64 index points as of Q1 2025, a decline compared to the previous value of 122.7 index points. Historically, the average for China from Q2 2005 to Q1 2025 is 113.55 index points. The minimum of 75.87 index points was recorded in Q2 2005, while the maximum of 145.91 index points was reached in Q3 2021. | TheGlobalEconomy.com

Graph and download economic data for All-Transactions House Price Index for the United States (USSTHPI) from Q1 1975 to Q1 2025 about appraisers, HPI, housing, price index, indexes, price, and USA.

Alexandria Real Estate Equities net cash flow for the twelve months ending March 31, 2025 was $-0.353B, a 12.36% increase year-over-year. Alexandria Real Estate Equities annual net cash flow for 2024 was $-0.101B, a 48.82% decline from 2023. Alexandria Real Estate Equities annual net cash flow for 2023 was $-0.197B, a 144.54% decline from 2022. Alexandria Real Estate Equities annual net cash flow for 2022 was $0.443B, a 342.63% decline from 2021.

Alexandria Real Estate Equities current p/s ratio as of July 09, 2025 is 4.26. Alexandria Real Estate Equities average p/s ratio for 2024 was 6.21, a 2.82% decline from 2023. Alexandria Real Estate Equities average p/s ratio for 2023 was 6.39, a 28.28% decline from 2022. Alexandria Real Estate Equities average p/s ratio for 2022 was 8.91, a 19.44% decline from 2021. P/s ratio can be defined as the price to sales or PS ratio is calculated by taking the latest closing price and dividing it by the most recent sales per share number. The PS ratio is an additional way to assess whether a stock is over or under valued and is used primarily in cases where earnings are negative and the PE ratio cannot be utilized.

Alexandria Real Estate Equities sg&a expenses for the twelve months ending March 31, 2025 were $0.152B, a 23.33% decline year-over-year. Alexandria Real Estate Equities annual sg&a expenses for 2024 were $0.168B, a 15.55% decline from 2023. Alexandria Real Estate Equities annual sg&a expenses for 2023 were $0.199B, a 12.45% increase from 2022. Alexandria Real Estate Equities annual sg&a expenses for 2022 were $0.177B, a 17.05% increase from 2021.

The CoStar Commercial Repeat-Sales Index (CCRSI) for office real estate in the United States started to fall in 2022, after more than a decade of steady growth. The index measures the development of sales prices of office properties with 2000 chosen as a base year. An index value of *** means that sales prices have doubled since 2000. In March 2024, the value-weighed index, which is more representative of the high-value deals in core markets, hit *** index points, down from a market peak of *** in December 2021. The equal-weighed index is more influenced by the lower-priced deals that comprise the higher share of transactions. It stood at *** index points in March 2024, down from a market peak of *** in June 2022.

Commercial property prices in the U.S. plateaued in 2024 after declining in 2023. Between 2014 and 2021, commercial real estate prices nearly doubled, with the index reaching ***** index points. Following a slowdown in the market, the index declined, falling to ***** index points. Despite the correction, this indicated an increase of almost ** percent in prices since 2010, which was the baseline year for the index. How have prices of different property types developed over the past years? After more than a decade of uninterrupted growth, office real estate prices started to decline in 2022, reflecting a decline in occupier demand and a tougher lending environment. Industrial real estate prices, which have grown rapidly over the past few years, also experienced a correction in late 2022. Retail real estate prices displayed most resilience amid the difficult economic environment, with the equal weighed repeat sales index remaining stable. How much is invested in new commercial properties? The value of commercial real estate construction has been on the rise since 2010 in the United States. This trend mirrors the recovery seen across all economic sectors after the 2007-2009 recession. However, investment volumes in commercial property vary by type, with private office space, warehouses, and retails reading the pack.

The average price per square foot of floor space in new single-family housing in the United States decreased after the great financial crisis, followed by several years of stagnation. Since 2012, the price has continuously risen, hitting *** U.S. dollars per square foot in 2022. In 2024, the average sales price of a new home exceeded ******* U.S. dollars. Development of house sales in the U.S. One of the reasons for rising property prices is the gradual growth of house sales between 2011 and 2020. This period was marked by the gradual recovery following the subprime mortgage crisis and a growing housing sentiment. Another significant factor for the housing demand was the growing number of new household formations each year. Despite this trend, housing transactions plummeted in 2021, amid soaring prices and borrowing costs. In 2021, the average construction cost for single-family housing rose by nearly ** percent year-on-year, and in 2022, the increase was even higher, at close to ** percent. Financing a house purchase Mortgage interest rates in the U.S. rose dramatically in 2022 and remained elevated until 2024. In 2020, a homebuyer could lock in a 30-year fixed interest rate of under ***** percent, whereas in 2024, the average rate for the same mortgage type was more than twice higher. That has led to a decline in homebuyer sentiment, and an increasing share of the population pessimistic about buying a home in the current market.

The average Canadian house price declined slightly in 2023, after four years of consecutive growth. The average house price stood at ******* Canadian dollars in 2023 and was forecast to reach ******* Canadian dollars by 2026. Home sales on the rise The number of housing units sold is also set to increase over the two-year period. From ******* units sold, the annual number of home sales in the country is expected to rise to ******* in 2025. British Columbia and Ontario have traditionally been housing markets with prices above the Canadian average, and both are set to witness an increase in sales in 2025. How did Canadians feel about the future development of house prices? When it comes to consumer confidence in the performance of the real estate market in the next six months, Canadian consumers in 2024 mostly expected that the market would go up. A slightly lower share of the respondents believed real estate prices would remain the same.

The homebuyer sentiment in the United States worsened substantially in 2021 and remained low for all age groups until 2025. As of January 2025, the homebuyer outlook was the worst for people in the age group 35 to 44, with a net homebuyer sentiment of negative **. This means that the share of respondents who thought it was a bad time to buy a home outweighed the share of respondents who said the contrary by ** percent. The decline in sentiment is correlated with the falling homeowner affordability. In 2023, the U.S. homeowner affordability index fell to the lowest level on record.

During the COVID-19 pandemic, the number of house sales in the UK spiked, followed by a period of decline. In 2023 and 2024, the housing market slowed notably, and in January 2025, transaction volumes fell to 46,774. House sales volumes are impacted by a number of factors, including mortgage rates, house prices, supply, demand, as well as the overall health of the market. The economic uncertainty and rising unemployment rates has also affected the homebuyer sentiment of Brits. How have UK house prices developed over the past 10 years? House prices in the UK have increased year-on-year since 2015, except for a brief period of decline in the second half of 2023 and the beginning of 2024. That is based on the 12-month percentage change of the UK house price index. At the peak of the housing boom in 2022, prices soared by nearly 14 percent. The decline that followed was mild, at under three percent. The cooling in the market was more pronounced in England and Wales, where the average house price declined in 2023. Conversely, growth in Scotland and Northern Ireland continued. What is the impact of mortgage rates on house sales? For a long period, mortgage rates were at record-low, allowing prospective homebuyers to take out a 10-year loan at a mortgage rate of less than three percent. In the last quarter of 2021, this period came to an end as the Bank of England rose the bank lending rate to contain the spike in inflation. Naturally, the higher borrowing costs affected consumer sentiment, urging many homebuyers to place their plans on hold and leading to a decline in sales.

In 2023, the average price of real estate in China was approximately ****** yuan per square meter, representing a decrease from the previous year. Rising prices in the real estate market Since the 1998 housing reform, property prices in China have been rising continuously. Housing in the country is now often unaffordable, especially considering the modest per capita income of Chinese households. Shanghai and Beijing even have some of the most competitive real estate markets in the world. The rapid growth in housing prices has increased wealth among homeowners, while it also led to a culture of speculation among buyers and real estate developers. Housing was treated as investments, with owners expecting the prices to grow further every year. Risk factors The expectation of a steadily growing real estate market has created a property bubble and a potential debt crisis. As Chinese real estate giants, such as China Evergrande and Country Garden, operate by continuously acquiring land plots and initiating new projects, which often require substantial loans and investments, a slowdown in property demands or a decline in home prices can significantly affect the financial situation of these companies, putting China’s banks in a vulnerable position. In addition, due to a lack of regulations and monetary constraints, the long-term maintenance issues of high-rise apartments are also a concern to the sustainable development of China’s cities.

Retail properties had the highest capitalization rates in the United States in 2023, followed by offices. The cap rate for office real estate was **** percent in the fourth quarter of the year and was forecast to rise further to **** percent in 2024. Cap rates measure the expected rate of return on investment, and show the net operating income of a property as a percentage share of the current asset value. While a higher cap rate indicates a higher rate of return, it also suggests a higher risk. Why have cap rates increased? The increase in cap rates is a consequence of a repricing in the commercial real estate sector. According to the National NCREIF Property Return Index, prices for commercial real estate declined across all property types in 2023. Rental growth was slow during the same period, resulting in a negative annual return. The increase in cap rates reflects the increased risk in the investment environment. Pricing uncertainty in the commercial real estate sector Between 2014 and 2021, commercial property prices in the U.S. enjoyed steady growth. Access to credit with low interest rates facilitated economic growth and real estate investment. As inflation surged in the following two years, lending policy tightened. That had a significant effect on the sector. First, it worsened sentiment among occupiers. Second, it led to a decline in demand for commercial spaces and commercial real estate investment volumes. Uncertainty about the future development of interest rates and occupier demand further contributed to the repricing of real estate assets.