Germany Electricity decreased 25.38 EUR/MWh or 21.93% since the beginning of 2025, according to the latest spot benchmarks offered by sellers to buyers priced in megawatt hour (MWh). This dataset includes a chart with historical data for Germany Electricity Price.

Daily data showing the System Price of electricity, and rolling seven-day average, in Great Britain. These are official statistics in development. Source: Elexon.

UK Electricity decreased 17.25 GBP/MWh or 16.84% since the beginning of 2025, according to the latest spot benchmarks offered by sellers to buyers priced in megawatt hour (MWh). This dataset includes a chart with historical data for the United Kingdom Electricity Price.

Prices of the components used to calculate the imbalance price per quarter hour. All published values are non-validated values and can therefore only be used for information purposes. This report contains data for the current day and is refreshed every 15min.This dataset contains data from 22/05/2024 (MARI local go-live) on.

Graph and download economic data for Average Price: Electricity per Kilowatt-Hour in U.S. City Average (APU000072610) from Nov 1978 to Aug 2025 about electricity, energy, retail, price, and USA.

This report provides information on theprices of the balancing energy available in Belgium.The quarter-hourly volume is provided for each product category (if the product was actually used). This report contains data for the current day and is refreshed every 15min.This dataset contains data from 22/05/2024 (MARI local go-live) on.

Real time pricing (RTP) is often promoted as a mechanism to improve the economic efficiency of the electricity system. However, many regulators have been hesitant to adopt RTP due to concerns about exposing customers to extreme price swings. To balance these concerns, this paper proposes a methodology for establishing price controls, based on the supply of demand-side flexibility in the system. As an illustrative example, we measure price responsiveness using an agent-based simulation model that is representative of the ERCOT market. The model is composed of a distribution feeder that has 250 customers with active agents controlling their HVAC systems in response to the historical ERCOT RTP with an artificially added high-price event. These agents are subjected to increasing electricity prices during the event, which we then use to create a supply curve for demand-side resources in our modeled scarcity event. We set potential price caps at points on the supply curve where customers’ have exhausted their flexible capacity. Using historical prices, we examine the systemic costs of these price caps, and present regulatory options for recouping them. Utilities and regulators interested in limiting consumer risk from dynamic pricing can utilize these methods to develop rate structures and encourage conservation. The attached data upload allows for the duplication or modification of the analysis performed in this study.

Retail residential electricity prices in the United States have mostly risen over the last decades. In 2023, prices registered a year-over-year growth of 6.3 percent, the highest growth registered since the beginning of the century. Residential prices are projected to continue to grow by two percent in 2024. Drivers of electricity price growth The price of electricity is partially dependent on the various energy sources used for generation, such as coal, gas, oil, renewable energy, or nuclear. In the U.S., electricity prices are highly connected to natural gas prices. As the commodity is exposed to international markets that pay a higher rate, U.S. prices are also expected to rise, as it has been witnessed during the energy crisis in 2022. Electricity demand is also expected to increase, especially in regions that will likely require more heating or cooling as climate change impacts progress, driving up electricity prices. Which states pay the most for electricity? Electricity prices can vary greatly depending on both state and region. Hawaii has the highest electricity prices in the U.S., at roughly 43 U.S. cents per kilowatt-hour as of May 2023, due to the high costs of crude oil used to fuel the state’s electricity. In comparison, Idaho has one of the lowest retail rates. Much of the state’s energy is generated from hydroelectricity, which requires virtually no fuel. In addition, construction costs can be spread out over decades.

A comprehensive dataset of average residential, commercial, and combined electricity rates in cents per kWh for all 50 U.S. states and Washington D.C.

The average wholesale electricity price in September 2025 in the United Kingdom is forecast to amount to*******British pounds per megawatt-hour, a decrease from the previous month. A record high was reached in August 2022 when day-ahead baseload contracts averaged ***** British pounds per megawatt-hour. Electricity price stabilization in Europe Electricity prices increased in 2024 compared to the previous year, when prices stabilized after the energy supply shortage. Price spikes were driven by the growing wholesale prices of natural gas and coal worldwide, which are among the main sources of power in the region.

… and in the United Kingdom? The United Kingdom was one of the countries with the highest electricity prices worldwide during the energy crisis. Since then, prices have been stabilizing, almost to pre-energy crisis levels. The use of nuclear, wind, and bioenergy for electricity generation has been increasing recently. The fuel types are an alternative to fossil fuels and are part of the country's power generation plans going into the future.

“Imagine having access to a treasure trove of information about European energy markets! This dataset provides hourly updates on power prices across various systems. Researchers, academics, and industry experts can dive into this wealth of data to uncover correlations between different energy systems, track price fluctuations, and gain a deeper understanding of the intricate dynamics at play. It’s like having a crystal ball for economic trends in the region, helping us anticipate future energy pricing.”

Factual Context:

European energy markets are highly dynamic due to factors such as renewable energy integration, supply-demand balance, and geopolitical influences. Hourly updates allow for real-time analysis, which is crucial for decision-making. Understanding price fluctuations helps stakeholders optimize energy procurement and investment strategies. Economic trends in the region impact energy pricing, making this dataset valuable for informed decision-making. Feel free to explore this dataset further—it’s a goldmine for anyone interested in energy economics! 😊

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Prices of the components used to calculate the imbalance price. At the specified time, the most recent available data are collected and displayed as quickly as technically possible. Notice that in this report we only provide non-validated data for the current hour. This report contains data for the current hour and is refreshed every minute.This dataset contains data from 22/05/2024 (MARI local go-live) on.

An experiment was conducted to understand if and how households change their power consumption in response to variable hourly electricity prices. The data were collected from several Norwegian regions, and various price signals were tested over two winter periods from early 2020 to spring 2021. The dataset includes hourly consumption data of all participating households and answers to three surveys about household characteristics such as electric appliances, living conditions, socio-demographic variables, and willingness to be flexible. Temperature data are added to the dataset from public sources. This comprehensive dataset can be used for in-depth analysis of household flexibility potential. Furthermore, subgroups, such as low-income households or highly electrified households with electricity as a primary heating source, can be investigated to enhance the understanding of how these are affected by variable power prices.

The dataset is described in detail in an accompanying data article submitted to Data in Brief.

Graph and download economic data for Global price of Energy index (PNRGINDEXM) from Jan 1992 to Jun 2025 about energy, World, indexes, and price.

An experiment was conducted to understand if and how households change their power consumption in response to variable hourly electricity prices. The data were collected from several Norwegian regions, and various price signals were tested over two winter periods from early 2020 to spring 2021. The dataset includes hourly consumption data of all participating households and answers to three surveys about household characteristics such as electric appliances, living conditions, socio-demographic variables, and willingness to be flexible. Temperature data are added to the dataset from public sources. This comprehensive dataset can be used for in-depth analysis of household flexibility potential. Furthermore, subgroups, such as low-income households or highly electrified households with electricity as a primary heating source, can be investigated to enhance the understanding of how these are affected by variable power prices.

The dataset is described in detail in an accompanying data article in Data in Brief: A rich dataset of hourly residential electricity consumption data and survey answers from the iFlex dynamic pricing experiment - ScienceDirect

Supplementary figures containing the survey results are available here: Supplementary result diagrams from household surveys on implicit demand response (zenodo.org)

Survey answers in Norwegian are available here: iFleks-prosjekt: Spørreundersøkelser med husholdninger og næringsliv om forbruksrespons på elektrisitetspriser

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Electricity Trading Market Size 2025-2029

The electricity trading market size is forecast to increase by USD 123.5 billion at a CAGR of 6.5% between 2024 and 2029.

The market is witnessing significant growth due to several key trends. The integration of renewable energy sources, such as solar panels and wind turbines, into the grid is a major driver. Energy storage systems are increasingly being adopted to ensure a stable power supply from these intermittent sources. Concurrently, the adoption of energy storage systems addresses key challenges like intermittency, enabling better integration of renewable sources, and bolstering grid resilience. Self-generation of electricity by consumers through microgrids is also gaining popularity, allowing them to sell excess power back to the grid. The entry of new players and collaborations among existing ones are further fueling market growth. These trends reflect the shift towards clean energy and the need for a more decentralized and efficient electricity system.

What will be the Size of the Electricity Trading Market During the Forecast Period?

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The market, a critical component of the global energy industry, functions as a dynamic interplay between wholesale energy markets and traditional financial markets. As a commodity, electricity is bought and sold through various trading mechanisms, including equities, bonds, and real-time auctions. The market's size and direction are influenced by numerous factors, such as power station generation data, system operator demands, and consumer usage patterns. Participants in the market include power station owners, system operators, consumers, and ancillary service providers. Ancillary services, like frequency regulation and spinning reserves, help maintain grid stability. Market design and news reports shape the market's evolution, with initiatives like the European Green Paper and the Lisbon Strategy influencing the industry's direction towards increased sustainability and competition.
Short-term trading, through power purchase agreements and power distribution contracts, plays a significant role in the market's real-time dynamics. Power generation and power distribution are intricately linked, with the former influencing the availability and price of electricity, and the latter affecting demand patterns. Overall, the market is a complex, ever-evolving system that requires a deep understanding of both energy market fundamentals and financial market dynamics.

How is this Electricity Trading Industry segmented and which is the largest segment?

The industry research report provides comprehensive data (region-wise segment analysis), with forecasts and estimates in 'USD billion' for the period 2025-2029, as well as historical data from 2019-2023 for the following segments.

Type

  Day-ahead trading
  Intraday trading


Application

  Industrial
  Commercial
  Residential


Source

  Non-renewable energy
  Renewable energy


Geography

  Europe

    Germany
    UK
    France
    Italy
    Spain


  APAC

    China
    India
    Japan
    South Korea


  North America

    US


  South America



  Middle East and Africa

By Type Insights

The day-ahead trading segment is estimated to witness significant growth during the forecast period.

Day-ahead trading refers to the voluntary, financially binding forward electricity trading that occurs in exchanges such as the European Power Exchange (EPEX Spot) and Energy Exchange Austria (EXAA), as well as through bilateral contracts. This process involves sellers and buyers agreeing on the required volume of electricity for the next day, resulting in a schedule for everyday intervals. However, this schedule is subject to network security constraints and adjustments for real-time conditions and actual electricity supply and demand. Market operators, including ISOs and RTOs, oversee these markets and ensure grid reliability through balancing and ancillary services. Traders, including utilities, energy providers, and professional and institutional traders, participate in these markets to manage price risk, hedge against price volatility, and optimize profitability.

Key factors influencing electricity prices include weather conditions, fuel prices, availability, construction costs, and physical factors. Renewable energy sources, such as wind and solar power, also play a growing role in these markets, with the use of Renewable Energy Certificates and net metering providing consumer protection and incentives for homeowners and sustainable homes. Electricity trading encompasses power generators, power suppliers, consumers, and system operators, with contracts, generation data, and power station dispatch governed by market rules and regulations.

Get a glance at the Electricity Trading Industry report of share of various segments Request Free Sample

The day-ahead trading

Electricity Trading Platform Market Outlook

The global electricity trading platform market is poised for substantial growth, with a market size of approximately USD 6.5 billion in 2023, projected to reach around USD 14.2 billion by 2032, reflecting a robust CAGR of 8.9% during the forecast period. This growth is fueled by various factors including the increasing penetration of renewable energy sources, advancements in smart grid technologies, and the rising need for energy efficiency and optimization.

One of the primary growth drivers for the electricity trading platform market is the increasing integration of renewable energy sources into the power grid. As countries worldwide strive to meet their sustainability goals and reduce carbon emissions, the adoption of renewable energy such as wind, solar, and hydroelectric power is accelerating. This shift necessitates sophisticated trading platforms to manage the intermittent and decentralized nature of renewable energy production, ensuring a balanced and efficient energy market.

Additionally, the advancements in smart grid technologies are playing a crucial role in the expansion of the electricity trading platform market. Smart grids leverage digital communication technology to detect and react to local changes in electricity usage, enhancing the efficiency and reliability of the power grid. These technologies enable real-time data exchange, advanced analytics, and automated control, all of which are essential for the effective functioning of electricity trading platforms. The integration of Internet of Things (IoT) devices and artificial intelligence (AI) further augments the capabilities of these platforms, facilitating better demand-response mechanisms and predictive maintenance.

Moreover, the growing demand for energy efficiency and optimization is driving the need for electricity trading platforms. With increasing energy costs and heightened awareness of environmental impacts, both consumers and businesses are seeking ways to optimize energy usage. Electricity trading platforms provide the tools and data analytics necessary to achieve this, enabling participants to buy and sell electricity based on real-time market conditions, thus maximizing efficiency and cost savings. This trend is particularly prominent in the industrial and commercial sectors, where energy consumption is substantial and the potential for optimization is significant.

Regionally, North America and Europe are leading the market due to their early adoption of renewable energy technologies and advanced grid infrastructures. However, the Asia Pacific region is expected to exhibit the highest growth rate during the forecast period. This is attributed to rapid industrialization, urbanization, and significant investments in smart grid projects across countries like China, India, and Japan. The Middle East & Africa and Latin America are also emerging markets, with increasing focus on renewable energy and infrastructural developments.

Type Analysis

The electricity trading platform market by type encompasses Day-Ahead Trading, Intraday Trading, Balancing Market, and Others. Day-Ahead Trading is one of the most prevalent types, where market participants commit to buy or sell quantities of electricity for the next day. This type of trading allows for better planning and scheduling of power generation and consumption, thereby enhancing grid stability. The increasing complexity of balancing supply and demand due to the integration of renewable energy sources has bolstered the need for efficient day-ahead trading mechanisms.

Intraday Trading, on the other hand, deals with the trading of electricity within the same day. This type of trading is gaining traction due to its ability to provide more flexibility and responsiveness to sudden changes in electricity demand or supply. With the rising penetration of variable renewable energy sources like solar and wind, intraday trading is becoming crucial for maintaining grid reliability and avoiding imbalances. The ability to make quick adjustments in response to real-time market signals makes it an essential component of modern electricity markets.

The Balancing Market is designed to ensure that the supply and demand of electricity are balanced in real-time. It plays a critical role in maintaining the stability and reliability of the power grid. Participants in the balancing market provide ancillary services such as frequency regulation and reserve power to mitigate short-term discrepancies between supply and demand. With the increasing penetration of intermittent renewa

The sqlite database contains the results of the Flex model for the Austrian single family house building stock ( insert GITHUB LINK). The building stock is represented by 36 different representative building archetypes (“OperationScenario_Component_Building”). Each building is simulated in twice. In the "reference" mode the energy demand is simply met and indoor comfort is kept constant. In the "optimization" mode the indoor temperature can be varied and thermal storages are charged and discharged minimizing the households energy cost based on a variable electricity price. The sqlite database “Variable_Price_Paper” contains the results for the building stock without any storage implemented. In “Variable_Price_Paper_TS” all buildings have a 750l hot water buffer storage and a 400l DHW storage implemented. The sqlite files SFH_23/25/27 contain the results for a single building where the maximum inside room temperature was changed to 23, 25 and 27 °C respectively.

Following columns were used for generating the results for the Paper:

In the hourly results relevant parameters used in the publication were:

• ID_Scenario: each building simulated under a different electricity price has a unique scenario number. “OperationScenario” gives an overview of the scenarios.
• Grid: describes the electricity demand from the grid by the household.

In the yearly results relevant parameters used in the publication were:

• ID_Scenario
• TotalCost: represent the yearly operation cost
• Grid: electricity demand summed up for the whole year

5 different electricity prices are used for scenario generation. The first price is constant, “electricity_2” is the real time price from 2021 plus a hypothetical grid fee of 20cents/kWh. “electricity_3, electricity_4, electricity_5” are prices generated for 2030 for Austria with the Balmorel model. Their profiles can be found under “OperationScenario_EnergyPrice”.

This table contains consumer prices for electricity and gas. Weighted average monthly prices are published broken down into transport rate, delivery rates and taxes, both including and excluding VAT. These prices are published on a monthly basis.

Data available from: January 2021

Status of the figures: When first published, the figures are provisional. These will become definitive with the following month’s publication.

Changes compared with previous version: Data on the most recent period have been added and/or adjustments have been implemented.

When will new figures be published? New figures will usually be published between the first and second Thursday of the month.