Graph and download economic data for OECD based Recession Indicators for India from the Period following the Peak through the Trough (DISCONTINUED) (INDREC) from May 1996 to Sep 2022 about peak, trough, recession indicators, and India.

According to data published by the Pew Research Center, India is estimated to have had a shrinking middle class as a result of the global recession brought on by the COVID-19 pandemic. It is estimated that the number of people in India living on less than $2 per day grew by 75 million people in 2020.

The Gross Domestic Product (GDP) in India expanded 7.40 percent in the first quarter of 2025 over the same quarter of the previous year. This dataset provides - India GDP Annual Growth Rate - actual values, historical data, forecast, chart, statistics, economic calendar and news.

The statistic shows the growth of the real gross domestic product (GDP) in India from 2020 to 2024, with projections up until 2030. GDP refers to the total market value of all goods and services that are produced within a country per year. It is an important indicator of the economic strength of a country. Real GDP is adjusted for price changes and is therefore regarded as a key indicator for economic growth. In 2024, India's real gross domestic product growth was at about 6.46 percent compared to the previous year. Gross domestic product (GDP) growth rate in India Recent years have witnessed a shift of economic power and attention to the strengthening economies of the BRIC countries: Brazil, Russia, India, and China. The growth rate of gross domestic product in the BRIC countries is overwhelmingly larger than in traditionally strong economies, such as the United States and Germany. While the United States can claim the title of the largest economy in the world by almost any measure, China nabs the second-largest share of global GDP, with India racing Japan for third-largest position. Despite the world-wide recession in 2008 and 2009, India still managed to record impressive GDP growth rates, especially when most of the world recorded negative growth in at least one of those years. Part of the reason for India’s success is the economic liberalization that started in 1991and encouraged trade subsequently ending some public monopolies. GDP growth has slowed in recent years, due in part to skyrocketing inflation. India’s workforce is expanding in the industry and services sectors, growing partially because of international outsourcing — a profitable venture for the Indian economy. The agriculture sector in India is still a global power, producing more wheat or tea than anyone in the world except for China. However, with the mechanization of a lot of processes and the rapidly growing population, India’s unemployment rate remains relatively high.

From the Summer of 2007 until the end of 2009 (at least), the world was gripped by a series of economic crises commonly known as the Global Financial Crisis (2007-2008) and the Great Recession (2008-2009). The financial crisis was triggered by the collapse of the U.S. housing market, which caused panic on Wall Street, the center of global finance in New York. Due to the outsized nature of the U.S. economy compared to other countries and particularly the centrality of U.S. finance for the world economy, the crisis spread quickly to other countries, affecting most regions across the globe. By 2009, global GDP growth was in negative territory, with international credit markets frozen, international trade contracting, and tens of millions of workers being made unemployed.

Global similarities, global differences

Since the 1980s, the world economy had entered a period of integration and globalization. This process particularly accelerated after the collapse of the Soviet Union ended the Cold War (1947-1991). This was the period of the 'Washington Consensus', whereby the U.S. and international institutions such as the World Bank and IMF promoted policies of economic liberalization across the globe. This increasing interdependence and openness to the global economy meant that when the crisis hit in 2007, many countries experienced the same issues. This is particularly evident in the synchronization of the recessions in the most advanced economies of the G7. Nevertheless, the aggregate global GDP number masks the important regional differences which occurred during the recession. While the more advanced economies of North America, Western Europe, and Japan were all hit hard, along with countries who are reliant on them for trade or finance, large emerging economies such as India and China bucked this trend. In particular, China's huge fiscal stimulus in 2008-2009 likely did much to prevent the global economy from sliding further into a depression. In 2009, while the United States' GDP sank to -2.6 percent, China's GDP, as reported by national authorities, was almost 10 percent.

The Global Financial Crisis (2007-2008), which began due to the collapse of the U.S. housing market, had a negative effect in many regions across the globe. The global recession which followed the crisis in 2008 and 2009 showed how interdependent and synchronized many of the world's economies had become, with the largest advanced economies showing very similar patterns of negative GDP growth during the crisis. Among the largest emerging economies (commonly referred to as the 'E7'), however, a different pattern emerged, with some countries avoiding a recession altogether. Some commentators have particularly pointed to 2008-2009 as the moment in which China emerged on the world stage as an economic superpower and a key driver of global economic growth. The Great Recession in the developing world While some countries, such as Russia, Mexico, and Turkey, experienced severe recessions due to their connections to the United States and Europe, others such as China, India, and Indonesia managed to record significant economic growth during the period. This can be partly explained by the decoupling from western financial systems which these countries undertook following the Asian financial crises of 1997, making many Asian nations more wary of opening their countries to 'hot money' from other countries. Other likely explanations of this trend are that these countries have large domestic economies which are not entirely reliant on the advanced economies, that their export sectors produce goods which are inelastic (meaning they are still bought during recessions), and that the Chinese economic stimulus worth almost 600 billion U.S. dollars in 2008/2009 increased growth in the region.

In a survey conducted on the impact of COVID-19 in India in March 2022, a majority of participants reported a net increase in spending across categories like groceries with a share of 45 percent expecting to buy lesser quantity. However, a drop in spending was observed for categories related to leisure, travel, and dining in restaurants.

Spending models The COVID-19 pandemic has had a grave impact on the Indian economy which come with its own array of setbacks indicating a drastic change in the pattern of market dynamics. It was observed that during the pandemic, people’s spending models changed from one of indulging to hoarding. People spent less of their income on items that were perceived as non-essential such as clothing, make up, jewelry, toys and games and electronics. By inference, more money was spent on purchase of essential goods, particularly groceries and other food items. The second wave and the economy The nation’s battle with the coronavirus continues bringing in the second wave. This has prompted a reimposition of strict measures including partial lockdowns and curfews in certain states to keep the contagion under control. Experts have postulated a more virulent mutation of the virus could make the second wave even deadlier. While the economy has not yet fully recovered from the first wave of the pandemic following the lockdown imposed in March 2020, India’s recovery signals a slowdown. In the case of further lockdowns, it could lead to an economic recession. Some of the worst hit sectors during the pandemic have been tourism along with automotive and power.

In a survey conducted in September 2020, regarding consumer perception surrounding the economic recovery after coronavirus (COVID-19) in India, 31 percent of the respondents are positive that the economy will bounce back to pre-COVID levels in the next few months. Majority of the respondents disagree that COVID-19 would cause a significant recession or a major economic depression.

For most of the past two decades, China had the highest GDP growth of any of the BRICS countries, although it was overtaken by India in the mid-2010s, and India is predicted to have the highest growth in the 2020s. All five countries saw their GDP growth fall during the global financial crisis in 2008, and again during the coronavirus pandemic in 2020; China was the only economy that continued to grow during both crises, although India's economy also grew during the Great Recession. In 2014, Brazil experienced its own recession due to a combination of economic and political instability, while Russia also went into recession due to the drop in oil prices and the economic sanctions imposed following its annexation of Crimea.

The NIFTY India Consumption Index is designed to reflect the behaviour and performance of a diversified portfolio of companies representing the domestic consumption sector which includes sectors like: - Consumer Non-durables, - Healthcare, - Auto, - Telecom Services, - Pharmaceuticals, - Hotels, - Media & Entertainment, etc

Since the beginning of the 21st century, the BRICS countries have been considered the five foremost developing economies in the world. Originally, the term BRIC was used by economists when talking about the emerging economies of Brazil, Russia, India, and China, however these countries have held annual summits since 2009, and the group has expanded to include South Africa since 2010. China has the largest GDP of the BRICS country, at 16.86 trillion U.S. dollars in 2021, while the others are all below three trillion. Combined, the BRICS bloc has a GDP over 25.85 trillion U.S. dollars in 2022, which is slightly more than the United States. BRICS economic development China has consistently been the largest economy of this bloc, and its rapid growth has seen it become the second largest economy in the world, behind the U.S.. China's growth has also been much faster than the other BRICS countries; for example, when compared with the second largest BRICS economy, its GDP was less than double the size of Brazil's in 2000, but is almost six times larger than India's in 2021. Since 2000, the country with the second largest GDP has fluctuated between Brazil, Russia, and India, due to a variety of factors, although India has held this position since 2015 (when the other two experienced recession), and it's growth rate is on track to surpass China's in the coming decade. South Africa has consistently had the smallest economy of the BRICS bloc, and it has just the third largest economy in Africa; its inclusion in this group is due to the fact that it is the most advanced and stable major economy in Africa, and it holds strategic importance due to the financial potential of the continent in the coming decades. Future developments It is predicted that China's GDP will overtake that of the U.S. by the end of the 2020s, to become the largest economy in the world, while some also estimate that India will also overtake the U.S. around the middle of the century. Additionally, the BRICS group is more than just an economic or trading bloc, and its New Development Bank was established in 2014 to invest in sustainable infrastructure and renewable energy across the globe. While relations between its members were often strained or of less significance in the 20th century, their current initiatives have given them a much greater international influence. The traditional great powers represented in the Group of Seven (G7) have seen their international power wane in recent decades, while BRICS countries have seen theirs grow, especially on a regional level. Today, the original BRIC countries combine with the Group of Seven (G7), to make up 11 of the world's 12 largest economies, but it is predicted that they will move further up on this list in the coming decades.

Glaciers across the Himalayan arc are showing varying signs of recession. Glaciers in the eastern and western parts of the Himalayan arc are retreating more rapidly as compared to other regions. This differential retreat is often attributed to climatic, topographic, and geologic influences. The glaciers in the Trans-Himalayan region of Ladakh are believed to be relatively stable as compared to other parts of the western Himalaya. The present study ascertained the area changes and frontal retreat of 87 glaciers in the Pangong Region between 1990 and 2019 using satellite data. The geodetic mass changes were also assessed using SRTM and TanDEM-X digital elevation models of 2000 and 2012 respectively. Besides, the glacier outlines were delineated manually and compared with existing regional and global glacier inventories that are available over the region. The GlabTop model was used to simulate the glacier-bed overdeepenings of four glaciers that are associated with a proglacial lake. The study also analyzed the impact of topographic influences and varying debris cover on glacier recession. This analysis indicated deglaciation of 6.7 ± 0.1% (0.23% a−1) from 1990 to 2019 over the Pangong Region with clean-ice glaciers showing a higher retreat (8.4 ± 0.28%) compared to the debris-covered glaciers (5.7 ± 0.14%). However, the overall recession is lower compared to other parts of northwestern Himalayas. The glacier recession showed a positive correlation with mean glacier slope (r = 0.3) and debris cover (r = 0.1) with bigger size glaciers having retreated at a lesser pace compared to smaller ones. This underpins the need for in-situ data about debris thickness to precisely ascertain the role of debris on glacier recession in the Trans-Himalayan Ladakh where debris thickness data is absent. The mean glacier elevation did not indicate any influence on glacier recession. From 2000 to 12, the glaciers lost an ice mass amounting to 0.33 ± 0.05 m we. per year. The formation of four new proglacial lakes, although small (

Here, we present a detailed analysis of glaciers in the Alaknanda Basin, Central Himalaya, starting with a novel glacier inventory for 1968 and 2020 using high-resolution datasets of Corona and Sentinel-2A. Primarily, we examine the factors influencing changes in glacier characteristics. Results show that glacier area reduced to 683 ± 47.81 km2 from 742 ± 44.4 km2, and the number of glaciers increased to 116 from 98 between 1968 and 2020. The annual average recession of glaciers in the basin is 11.75 ± 1.6 m/year for the corresponding period. Also noted is a significant increase (∼38%) in supraglacial debris cover extent of the glaciers during 2000–2020. Interestingly, smaller glaciers (< 5 km2) with lower altitude snout and higher slope have registered more significant area loss and higher retreat rate. Alongside topographic parameters, the significant deglaciation and fragmentation observed in the basin are augmented by the increase in winter-time temperature (0.03 °C/year) between 1968 and 2020.

In a survey conducted in 2020 in India, regarding the future concerns due to the coronavirus (COVID-19), 84 percent of the respondents stated economic recession, rising unemployment, and salary cuts to be the leading concerns. Whereas, 66 percent of the respondents stated that they were worried about micro, small and medium enterprises closing down.

We analyzed the recession of the Milam glacier in the Gori Ganga valley, Uttarakhand Himalaya, using historical plane-table survey maps, topographical maps, Corona image (1968), Landsat 5 TM (1990), Landsat 7 ETM+ (2001), and Sentinel 2 (2017) satellite data. We estimate that the Milam glacier has receded by 1565.4 ± 20.6 m (31.9 ± 0.4 m a−1) over the period 1968–2017, while lower recession rate (21.1 ± 1.7 m a−1) was observed between 2001 and 2017. The Milam glacier lost 2.27 ± 0.06 km2 of its area from 1968 to 2017 due to recession. Two tributary glaciers detached from the main trunk between 1990 and 2017, which indicates glacier thinning and melting. The glacier recession also resulted in deformation of moraine ridges on either sides in lower ablation zone of Milam glacier, which is caused due to the removal of basal ice support caused by glacier melting.

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Community Banking Market Size 2025-2029

The community banking market size is forecast to increase by USD 253 billion at a CAGR of 5.8% between 2024 and 2029.

The market is experiencing significant shifts driven by the increasing adoption of microlending in developing nations and the rising preference for digital platforms. The microlending, a segment of community banking, is gaining traction in developing economies due to its ability to provide small loans to individuals and small businesses who lack access to traditional banking services. This trend is expected to continue, fueled by the growing financial inclusion efforts and increasing economic activity in these regions. Simultaneously, the community banking sector is witnessing a surge in the adoption of digital platforms.
The digital community banking services, such as mobile banking and online lending, are becoming increasingly popular due to their convenience and accessibility. This trend is particularly noticeable among younger demographics, who are more likely to use digital channels for banking. However, the market also faces challenges. One of the most significant obstacles is the lack of awareness about community banking services. Many potential customers, particularly in rural and underserved areas, are unaware of the benefits and availability of community banking services. Addressing this challenge will require targeted marketing efforts and community outreach programs.

What will be the Size of the Community Banking Market during the forecast period?

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The market continues to evolve, with advanced technology playing a pivotal role in shaping the landscape. Financial institutions, both large and small, are integrating microfinance, mobile banking, and remote deposit capture to cater to diverse customer needs. In the micropolitan areas, community banks have gained prominence, offering personalized services to rural and agricultural sectors. The economic recession led to a surge in digital adoption, with mobile banking becoming increasingly popular. However, the competition remains fierce, with big banks also investing heavily in technology to retain their customer base. The ongoing market dynamics underscore the need for continuous innovation and adaptation to stay competitive.
Community banks, with their focus on local markets and relationships, are well-positioned to leverage these trends and offer competitive rates and fees to attract and retain customers. The integration of advanced technology enables seamless transactions and enhanced customer experience, further bolstering their position in the market. The future of community banking lies in its ability to balance tradition and innovation, offering personalized services while embracing digital transformation.

How is this Community Banking Industry segmented?

The community banking industry research report provides comprehensive data (region-wise segment analysis), with forecasts and estimates in 'USD billion' for the period 2025-2029, as well as historical data from 2019-2023 for the following segments.

Area

  Metropolitan
  Rural and micropolitan


Sector

  Small business
  CRE
  Agriculture


Service Type

  Retail banking
  Commercial banking
  Wealth management and financial advisory
  Others


Delivery Model

  Branch Banking
  Online Banking
  Mobile Banking


Institution Type

  Credit Unions
  Local Banks


Geography

  North America

    US
    Canada
    Mexico


  Europe

    France
    Germany
    UK


  Middle East and Africa

    UAE


  APAC

    Australia
    China
    India
    Japan
    South Korea


  South America

    Brazil


  Rest of World (ROW)

By Area Insights

The metropolitan segment is estimated to witness significant growth during the forecast period.

In the dynamic world of financial services, community banks in the US continue to gain traction among consumers, particularly in rural and micropolitan areas where Big Banks may have a limited presence. While Big Banks dominate the market with their vast resources and broad reach, Community FIs cater to the unique needs of their local clientele. With the rise of advanced technology, Community banks have embraced digital banking solutions, including Internet banking, mobile banking, and remote deposit capture. Small businesses and agricultural sectors, integral to rural economies, benefit significantly from Community banks' personalized services and expertise. Despite the economic recession, these institutions have managed to maintain deposits through their strong relationships with customers.

Microlending, a niche offering, further distinguishes Community banks from their larger counterparts. Rates and fees remain crucial factors for customers, especially in a competitive market. Community banks often offer more competitive rates and lower fees compared to Big Banks, maki

According to data published by the Pew Research Center, India is estimated to have had a shrinking middle class as a result of the global recession brought on by the COVID-19 pandemic. It is estimated that the number of people in the middle income tier in India decreased from 99 million to 66 million following the COVID-19 global recession.

The Asia-Pacific washing machine market is projected to reach a market size of USD 27.02 Million by 2033, growing at a CAGR of 3.80% from 2025 to 2033. The market growth is attributed to factors such as rising disposable income, increasing demand for energy-efficient appliances, and growing urbanization. Moreover, the increasing penetration of smart home appliances and the growing popularity of e-commerce platforms are further fueling the market growth. In terms of market segments, the production analysis indicates that China and India are the major producers of washing machines in the Asia-Pacific region. The consumption analysis shows that China, Japan, and India are the key consumers of washing machines. The import market analysis reveals that China is the largest importer of washing machines, followed by India and Vietnam. The export market analysis indicates that China, South Korea, and Japan are the major exporters of washing machines in the region. The price trend analysis suggests that the prices of washing machines have been relatively stable over the past few years, with slight fluctuations due to factors such as raw material prices and technological advancements. Recent developments include: February 2023: Electrolux expanded its appliance range with the launch of a built-in range of appliances in India. The new range includes microwaves, ovens, hobs and cooker hoods, dishwashers, and coffee machines. It will help the company to capture more market share in India., January 2023: Whirlpool Corporation launched the Whirlpool Emperor H Elite Pro all-in-one washer and dryer in China. Following the trend of health technology and exquisite life consumption, Whirlpool home appliances are moving towards a more exquisite clothing care experience.. Key drivers for this market are: Rising GDP Per Capita Income, Growing Demand for Smart Home Appliances. Potential restraints include: High Costs and Electricity Consumption, Economic Recession May Affect Customers Purchasing Ability. Notable trends are: Front Load Washing Machines are Dominating the Market in Asia Pacific.

The global trade on the antimony market amounted to 133 million USD in 2015, showing tremendous fluctuations over the period under review. A 46% drop in 2009 was followed by a spike above the pre-recession peak in the following year. Exports of antimony continued to increase rapidly for the next two years, until they fell below half of their value in 2013. They continued falling in 2014 and rebounded in 2015. Overall, there was an annual increase of 6.8% from 2007 to 2015.

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Bone Cement Market Size 2025-2029

The bone cement market size is forecast to increase by USD 574.9 million at a CAGR of 6% between 2024 and 2029.

The market is experiencing significant growth due to several key factors. The rising prevalence of orthopedic disorders, particularly those resulting from trauma cases, is driving market demand. Market growth is driven by various factors, including the increasing incidence of orthopedic disorders stemming from higher trauma rates. The market is also driven by the growing prevalence of orthopedic disorders and the increased number of ambulatory surgical centers. These factors collectively fuel market expansion, addressing the growing demand for orthopedic solutions amidst evolving healthcare needs. Additionally, there is a growing focus on the use of bioresorbable materials, which offers advantages such as reduced risk of complications and improved patient outcomes. However, the market also faces challenges, including the potential for complications associated with the use, such as allergic reactions and infection. These factors are shaping the growth trajectory of the market.

What will be the Size of the Bone Cement Market During the Forecast Period?

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The market encompasses the production and supply of cement used in orthopedic procedures to affix synthetic (metal) implants to bones. This market experiences continuous growth due to the increasing prevalence of orthopedic conditions, such as hip injuries, fractures, sprains, strains, and contusions, which require surgical intervention. Minimally invasive surgeries and robotic assistance are gaining popularity, driving market expansion. However, economic downturns, including the global recession, can impact market size.
Moreover, the market caters to various stakeholders, including small firms and start-ups, and is subject to regulatory authorities' stringent clinical data requirements. The market's direction is influenced by factors like the rising number of skating incidents leading to bone fractures in hospital emergency rooms, the growing popularity of high-impact sports like pickleball, and the increasing incidence of bone contusions and concussions. Despite these trends, the market faces challenges from the high costs associated with orthopedic procedures and the development of alternative fixation methods, such as bone staples.

How is this Bone Cement Industry segmented and which is the largest segment?

The report provides comprehensive data (region-wise segment analysis), with forecasts and estimates in 'USD million' for the period 2025-2029, as well as historical data from 2019-2023 for the following segments.

Product

  Antibiotic-loaded bone cement
  Non-antibiotic loaded bone cement


End-user

  Hospitals
  Clinics
  Ambulatory surgery centers


Type

  PMMA cement
  Calcium phosphate cement
  Glass polyalkenoate cement


Application

  Arthroplasty
  Kyphoplasty
  Vertebroplasty
  Others


Geography

  North America

    Canada
    US


  Europe

    Germany
    UK
    France
    Italy


  Asia

    China
    India
    Japan


  Rest of World (ROW)

By Product Insights

The antibiotic-loaded bone cement segment is estimated to witness significant growth during the forecast period.

Bone cement plays a crucial role in orthopedic procedures by acting as a bonding agent between the implant and the bone. Its elution property, which allows antibiotic molecules to be released if included, enhances infection prevention and treatment in complex musculoskeletal infections during joint arthroplasties and orthopedic surgeries. The use of antibiotic-loaded bone cement is on the rise due to the increasing need to minimize infection-related complications. The US FDA has approved premixed bone cement containing 0.5 g-1 g of antibiotics per 40 g of PMMA for second-stage reimplantation. Economic conditions, healthcare budgets, and financial constraints drive the demand for cost-effective alternatives, making synthetic bone cement an attractive opportunity.

Additionally, assumptions regarding the recession's impact on the market and regulatory environments vary. While some studies suggest a positive impact on the market due to increased hospitalization costs and cost-saving goals, others predict potential challenges due to product-related complications and regulatory authorities' stringent approval processes. Small firms and start-ups are introducing advanced bone cements, bone staples, and orthopedic pins as cost-effective alternatives to traditional implants. Despite the high costs associated with synthetic implants and arthroplasty, the demand for bone cement remains strong due to the growing number of elective medical procedures, sports injuries, and traumatic brain injuries. The use of surgical robotics and minimally invasive surgeries further increases the demand for bone cement in va