Annual data on deaths registered by age, sex and selected underlying cause of death. Tables also provide both mortality rates and numbers of deaths over time.

Annual UK and constituent country figures for births, deaths, marriages, divorces, civil partnerships and civil partnership dissolutions.

Abstract copyright UK Data Service and data collection copyright owner.

The Births Registrations in England and Wales, 1982-2019: Secure Access study includes annual data files for all births registered in England and Wales from 1982 to 2019. Birth registration is a legal requirement under the Births and Deaths Registration Act 1836. The registration of births occurring in England and Wales is a service carried out by the Local Registration Service in partnership with the General Register Office (GRO). Information collected at birth registration is recorded on the Registration Online (RON) system by Registrars. Most of the information is usually supplied by the parent(s). For live births, details of the birth weight are transferred to the Registrar from the NHS birth notification. Further information about live birth statistics is available from the Office for National Statistics live births web page.

Prospective users will need to apply for access to this controlled access data via the UK Data Service Secure Lab. Further information is available on the Apply to Access Controlled Data in SecureLab web pages.

Latest edition information:
For the ninth edition (October 2022), the 2021 data file has been added to the study, and the documentation has been updated.

Main Topics:

Full details of the variables included are in the 'Births Variable Catalogue' and in 'Metadata Birth Registrations' available from the Documentation section below. Not all variables are available every year but the main areas covered include:

• child's date of birth, gender, birth weight and place of birth
• mother's date of birth, age at birth, country of birth, postcode of residence, marital status, occupation status, social class and employment status
• father's date of birth, age at birth, country of birth, occupation status, social class and employment status
• details of stillbirths

Death statistics reported include counts of deaths by age and sex and by selected cause. Standardised mortality ratios, age-standardised mortality rates and infant mortality rates by area of usual residence are also included.

Index information relating to every birth, death, marriage and civil partnership registered in England and Wales since 1837 (civil partnerships since 2005).

Abstract copyright UK Data Service and data collection copyright owner.

The purpose of the Vital Statistics for England and Wales data is to record the numbers of conceptions, live births, stillbirths, deaths and causes of death for persons in England and Wales, by gender and age. Data are available at local authority, health authority and ward level. Individual studies in the series record various parts of these data. Changes have been made over time to the way in which the Office for National Statistics (ONS) collects vital statistics data, resulting in some variation in the content of later studies in the series. Further information may be found in the Key Population and Vital Statistics reports available from the ONS web site.

During 2006, Sam Smith and colleagues at ESDS Government carried out work on various studies in the series prior to 2002, to improve the data format. The resulting files have been redeposited at the UKDA. More information is available in the documentation for the studies concerned.


The data included in SN:4608 cover mainly local and health authority level data for 2001: births, mortality, infant and perinatal mortality, maternity, and mortality by region. Some data at ward level are also included - annual vital statistics for wards, and vital statistics (deaths) for wards.
Main Topics:

This dataset includes annual summary figures for each health and local authority in England and Wales on populations, births, deaths and infant mortality; fertility and mortality rates; comparative numbers and rates for the region and England and Wales.
The data in the tables include all deaths registered in 2001. The 2000 mid-year population estimates are used in the 2001 VS1 table.
Births data is defined by mother's area of usual residence. Deaths data is defined by usual residence of the deceased as stated at death registration.
Births and deaths where the address of usual residence was outside England and Wales have been included in the 'England, Wales and Elsewhere' aggregate, but excluded from the figures given for individual health and local authorities.

This section provides information on the surnames that occur most often in Scotland’s registers of Births, Marriages and Deaths for various years back to 1975. Available via the "List of Data Tables" link are a separate list for each of the years concerned, and a Comma Separated Value (CSV) file which contains summary records which cover all the years for which those lists have been produced. Some other information about surnames in Scotland is available from an Occasional Paper which was published in 2003.

Provisional counts of the number of deaths registered in England and Wales, by age, sex, region and Index of Multiple Deprivation (IMD), in the latest weeks for which data are available.

Copies of the full record of each birth, death, marriage and civil partnership registered in England and Wales since 1837 (civil partnerships since 2005).

Abstract copyright UK Data Service and data collection copyright owner.

The aim of this project was to analyse the changing geography of mortality decline in England and Wales between 1851 and 1911 via the cause of death by age data for registration districts published in the Registrar General's Decennial Supplements.
Main Topics:

1851-1860 and 1861-1870
Mean population by registration district and sex, total deaths by registration district and sex, causes of death by registration district, sex and age group.
1871-1880
Mean population by registration district and sex, total deaths by registration district and sex, causes of death by registration district and age group, total marriages, total births.
1881-1890 and 1891-1900
Mean population by registration district and sex, total deaths by registration district and sex, causes of death by registration district and sex, causes of death by registration district and age group, total marriages, total births.

Please note: this study does not include information on named individuals and would therefore not be useful for personal family history research.

Abstract copyright UK Data Service and data collection copyright owner.

This study provides estimates of births, deaths and net-migration, by ethnic group, for each electoral ward (England and Wales) and local authority area (England, Wales and Scotland), for the period July 1st, 1991 –June 30th, 2001.

The study uses the eight-category classification of ethnic group: White, Caribbean, African, Indian, Pakistani, Bangladeshi and Other. Ethnic group is not included in civil registration of births and deaths in the UK. These estimates are based on estimates of fertility of each ethnic group in each locality, based on local child/woman ratios, common schedules of mortality, and estimates of ethnic group population consistent with the latest estimates of mid-year population for 1991 and 2001 by the Office for National Statistics (ONS) and the General Register Office. Net migration is estimated indirectly as the residual after births and deaths are deducted from population change during the period 1991-2001, using standard methods of applied demography described in Simpson, Finney and Lomax (2008). There are no other estimates of demographic components of change for this period.

The eight ethnic group categories are known to be more stable between the two censuses of 1991 and 2001 than other possible classifications that amalgamate the 10 ethnic group categories of 1991 with the 16 ethnic group categories of 2001. The least stable categories across this time are Caribbean, African, and Other.

Further information is available on the Ethnic Group Population Change and Integration: a Demographic Approach to Small Area Ethnic Geographies ESRC Award web page.

Main Topics:

The study includes seven files for the 8,797 electoral wards of England and Wales (as constituted January 2003) and seven files for the 408 local authority districts, unitary authorities and council areas of Great Britain (as constituted January 2003).

Each set of seven files includes input data and final detailed estimates of births, deaths and net-migration, by ethnic group.

United Kingdom UK: Death Rate: Crude: per 1000 People data was reported at 9.100 Ratio in 2016. This records a decrease from the previous number of 9.200 Ratio for 2015. United Kingdom UK: Death Rate: Crude: per 1000 People data is updated yearly, averaging 11.300 Ratio from Dec 1960 (Median) to 2016, with 57 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 12.200 Ratio in 1963 and a record low of 8.700 Ratio in 2011. United Kingdom UK: Death Rate: Crude: per 1000 People data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s United Kingdom – Table UK.World Bank.WDI: Population and Urbanization Statistics. Crude death rate indicates the number of deaths occurring during the year, per 1,000 population estimated at midyear. Subtracting the crude death rate from the crude birth rate provides the rate of natural increase, which is equal to the rate of population change in the absence of migration.; ; (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects: 2017 Revision. (2) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (3) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (4) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Reprot (various years), (5) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database, and (6) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme.; Weighted average;

Abstract copyright UK Data Service and data collection copyright owner.

This study aimed to provide a more individual, micro-level appreciation of infant mortality data. Previously, the focus of these data had been aggregative, at a fairly high level of aggregation - the country, county registration district. To that end, a team of research students at the Open University has examined vaccination registers at the sub-registration district level for 22 such districts.
In 1853 vaccination was made compulsory and in 1871 legislation was introduced requiring all poor law unions to appoint vaccination officers and to set up a system of registration; this system, with only minor alterations, lasted until 1948. Under the 1871 Act, vaccination officers took over all the functions of the local registrars except for giving parents the statutory notice of compulsory vaccination. The vaccination registrar recorded the following: (i) the registration number in the civil birth register; (ii) date of birth; (iii) place of birth; (iv) name of child; (v) sex; (vi) name of father, or if illegitimate, mother; (vii) occupation of father or if illegitimate, mother; (viii) date of notice to vaccinate given to parent; (ix) date of successful vaccination, postponement or insusceptibility to vaccination; (x) name of medical man who signed the certificate; (xi) date of death of any child who died before vaccination; (xii) reference number in vaccination officer's report book on problem cases. From the monthly information on infant deaths, the vaccination officer compiled an infant death register on children dying under the age of one year.
Medical historians have begun to recognise the historical importance of the compulsory provisions of Victorian vaccination legislation, which entailed the growth of a complex administrative structure necessary for its implementation. This can been seen as a forerunner of the Welfare State, particularly as regards the development of the public health movement.
It is generally agreed that civil registration had reached a high standard of reliability by 1872, and as the vaccination birth registers and infant death registers are copies of the civil registers for the period 1872-1948, they constitute an unrivalled source of information on infant mortality for the period.
Main Topics:

The data consist of transcriptions from a sample of English vaccination registers, at the sub-registration district level, for selected years within the period 1871-1913. The variables differ slightly due to local custom and the transcribing methods employed but broadly, for each district, they consist of number in birth register; date of birth; address; gender; legitimacy; parents' occupation; date of vaccination; date of exception; date of death.

Please note: this study does not include information on named individuals and would therefore not be useful for personal family history research.

The Cattle Tracing System (CTS) is used to register cattle births and report cattle deaths and movements. It holds details on herds and individual animals. Attribution statement:

There were 11,052 deaths registered in England and Wales for the week ending June 13, 2025, compared with 11,053 in the previous week. During this time period, the two weeks with the highest number of weekly deaths were in April 2020, with the week ending April 17, 2020, having 22,351 deaths, and the following week 21,997 deaths, a direct result of the COVID-19 pandemic in the UK. Death and life expectancy As of 2022, the life expectancy for women in the UK was just over 82.5 years, and almost 78.6 years for men. Compared with 1765, when average life expectancy was under 39 years, this is a huge improvement in historical terms. Even in the more recent past, life expectancy was less than 47 years at the start of the 20th Century, and was under 70 as recently as the 1950s. Despite these significant developments in the long-term, improvements in life expectancy stalled between 2009/11 and 2015/17, and have even gone into decline since 2020. Between 2020 and 2022, for example, life expectancy at birth fell by 23 weeks for females, and 37 weeks for males. COVID-19 in the UK The first cases of COVID-19 in the United Kingdom were recorded on January 31, 2020, but it was not until a month later that cases began to rise exponentially. By March 5 of this year there were more than 100 cases, rising to 1,000 days later and passing 10,000 cumulative cases by March 26. At the height of the pandemic in late April and early May, there were around six thousand new cases being recorded daily. As of January 2023, there were more than 24.2 million confirmed cumulative cases of COVID-19 recorded in the United Kingdom, resulting in 202,156 deaths.

This is the number of business deaths in the area for the quarter. Business closures are those removed from the Inter-Departmental Business Register (IDBR). A business is removed from the IDBR if its turnover and employment are zero for several periods, or if the Office for National Statistics (ONS) is notified that the business has ceased trading through an administrative or survey source.

An enterprise can be defined as the smallest combination of legal units that is an organisational unit producing goods or services, that benefits from a certain degree of autonomy in decision-making, especially for the allocation of its current resources. An enterprise carries out one or more activities at one or more locations. An enterprise may also be a sole legal unit.

For business closures, the registration process can take a little longer because the death of a business may be long and complex. The effective death of a business may occur several months before its actual death from a legal perspective. A business is removed from the IDBR if information from HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC), ONS business surveys, or Companies House indicates it is no longer active.

An unspecified geography category has been introduced to deal with the distorting effect of multiple registrations at the same site. These apply where there are 250 plus creations or closures at the same postcode. Any creations or closures that happen at one of these postcodes are taken out of their geography and placed into the unspecified category. These cases still count towards the UK totals and may account for up to 4 per cent of the overall total.

Figures for each period are rounded independently to the nearest 5 using controlled rounding. The ONS statistics presented are "Experimental Statistics", so care needs to be taken when interpreting them. Care should be taken interpreting figures for a single period, therefore the annual business demography publication is a more accurate reflection of business births and deaths.

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