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Since the Industrial Revolution, the energy mix of most countries across the world has become dominated by fossil fuels. This has major implications for the global climate, as well as for human health.
To reduce CO2 emissions and local air pollution, the world needs to rapidly shift towards low-carbon sources of energy – nuclear and renewable technologies.
Renewable energy will play a key role in the decarbonization of our energy systems in the coming decades. But how rapidly is our production of renewable energy changing? What technologies look most promising in transforming our energy mix?
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TwitterIn recent years, scrutiny over the environmental impact of more traditional energy sources has translated into a rapid growth of renewables. The share of energy from renewable sources used in electricity generation worldwide has been rising annually, reaching roughly **** percent in 2024. Increasing capacity and production As renewable shares continue to grow, so does the installed capacity. Since 2010 the cumulative renewable energy capacity has risen from *** terawatts to *** terawatts in 2024. Renewable electricity production has also increased significantly, rising to *** petawatt hours in 2022. Despite this impressive and steady growth, the consumption of renewable energy still pales in comparison when compared to fossil fuel energy consumption. Consumption on the rise In the past two decades, global consumption of renewables has risen from just ** exajoules in 2000, to over ** exajoules in 2023. Globally, both China and the United States are the leading consumers of renewable energy, with a combined consumption of ** exajoules.
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TwitterThe leading countries for installed renewable energy in 2024 were China, the United States, and Brazil. China was the leader in renewable energy installations, with a capacity of around 1,827 gigawatts. The U.S., in second place, had a capacity of around 428 gigawatts. Renewable energy is an important step in addressing climate change and mitigating the consequences of this phenomenon. Renewable energy capacity and productionRenewable power capacity is defined as the maximum generating capacity of installations that use renewable sources to generate electricity. The share of renewable energy in the world’s power production has increased in recent years, surpassing 30 percent in 2023. Renewable energy consumption varies from country to country. The leading countries for renewable energy consumption are China, the United States, and Canada.Renewable energy sourcesThere are various sources of renewable energy used globally, including bioenergy, solar energy, hydropower, and wind energy, to name a few. Globally, China and Brazil are the top two countries in terms of generating the most energy through hydropower. Regarding solar power, China, the United States, and Japan boast the highest installed capacities worldwide.
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The Global Renewable Energy and Indicators Dataset is a comprehensive resource designed for in-depth analysis and research in the field of renewable energy. This dataset includes detailed information on renewable energy production, socio-economic factors, and environmental indicators from around the world. Key features include:
1.Renewable Energy Data: Covers various types of renewable energy sources such as solar, wind, hydro, and geothermal energy, detailing their production (in GWh), installed capacity (in MW), and investments (in USD) across different countries and years.
2.Socio-Economic Indicators: Includes data on population, GDP, energy consumption, energy exports and imports, CO2 emissions, renewable energy jobs, government policies, R&D expenditure, and renewable energy targets.
3.Environmental Factors: Provides information on average annual temperature, annual rainfall, solar irradiance, wind speed, hydro potential, geothermal potential, and biomass availability.
4.Additional Features: Contains relevant features such as energy storage capacity, grid integration capability, electricity prices, energy subsidies, international aid for renewables, public awareness scores, energy efficiency programs, urbanization rate, industrialization rate, energy market liberalization, renewable energy patents, educational level, technology transfer agreements, renewable energy education programs, local manufacturing capacity, import tariffs, export incentives, natural disasters, political stability, corruption perception index, regulatory quality, rule of law, control of corruption, economic freedom index, ease of doing business, innovation index, number of research institutions, renewable energy conferences, renewable energy publications, energy sector workforce, proportion of energy from renewables, public-private partnerships, and regional renewable energy cooperation.
This dataset is ideal for analysts, researchers, and policymakers aiming to study trends, impacts, and strategies related to renewable energy development globally.
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Global Electricity Production Analysis: Trends in Renewable Energy Overview This project analyzes global electricity production data, focusing on the growth and share of renewable energy sources over the past decade. The goal is to identify key trends and countries leading the transition to sustainable energy. Using SQL, the project uncovers insights into energy production patterns, highlighting the shift from traditional to renewable sources and the nations driving clean energy adoption.
Objectives Analyze the growth of renewable energy production over the past decade. Determine the share of energy sources in total electricity production by country. Identify countries with significant shifts toward renewable energy. Compare global trends in energy production. Highlight leading countries in clean energy transitions. Dataset The data for this project is sourced from the Kaggle dataset on electricity production. It includes information on energy generation from different sources such as coal, gas, nuclear, hydro, solar, oil, wind, bioenergy, and other renewables across multiple years and countries.
Business Questions & Insights
Countries with the Highest Growth in Renewable Energy Over the last decade, several countries have significantly increased their renewable electricity production. The analysis highlights nations that have made the most progress in wind, solar, hydro, and bioenergy generation.
Energy Source Distribution by Country For the most recent year in the dataset, the proportion of each energy source in total electricity production was analyzed. This provides insights into the reliance on traditional vs. renewable energy sources in different nations.
Year with the Highest Global Nuclear Energy Production The analysis identifies the year in which nuclear energy production peaked worldwide, showing trends in the use of nuclear power over time.
Countries with Declining Electricity Production Despite Global Growth While global electricity production has generally increased, some countries have experienced periods of decline. These cases were identified to understand the reasons behind such trends.
Countries with the Largest Variation in Natural Gas Production The study highlights the top five countries with the biggest difference between their minimum and maximum electricity production from natural gas, reflecting changes in energy policies and resources.
First Country to Generate Solar Energy The first country to produce electricity from solar energy and the year it happened were identified, showcasing early adoption of solar technology.
Countries Producing More Renewable Energy Than Coal in 2023 For the year 2023, countries where electricity production from renewable sources exceeded coal-based production were examined, demonstrating a shift towards cleaner energy.
Countries Producing Twice as Much Renewable Energy as Coal in the Last Decade The analysis identifies countries that, over the past 10 years, have generated at least twice as much electricity from renewable sources compared to coal.
Dominant Energy Source in Each Country (Coal vs. Renewables) For the entire dataset period (1965–2023), the dominant energy source in each country was determined, highlighting whether coal or renewable sources were more prevalent.
Countries Producing Over 60% of Their Electricity from Renewables in the Last Decade The analysis reveals nations where renewable energy sources accounted for more than 60% of total electricity production in the last 10 years.
Key Takeaways ✅ Renewable Energy Growth is Accelerating: Many countries have significantly increased their renewable energy production in the past decade, with wind and solar leading the transition.
✅ Coal Dependence is Declining, But Not Eliminated: Some countries still rely on coal, but a growing number have surpassed coal production with renewable sources.
✅ Global Nuclear Production Has Fluctuated: While nuclear power remains a key energy source, its production has varied due to policy changes and energy demand shifts.
✅ Energy Transitions Vary by Region: Developed nations are leading in renewables, while developing countries still face infrastructure and policy challenges in making the shift.
✅ The First Movers in Solar Energy: Early adopters of solar energy paved the way for broader adoption, demonstrating the potential of sustainable energy.
✅ Some Countries Have Faced Declines in Energy Production: Despite global growth in electricity production, certain nations have seen declines, indicating economic or policy-driven shifts.
✅ More Countries are Reaching 60%+ Renewable Share: Several nations now generate over 60% of their electricity from renewables, showing that large-scale clean energy transitions are achievable.
Findings & Conclusion Growth in Renewables: Many countries have made significant progress in increasing electric...
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TwitterIn 2023, renewable energy production worldwide amounted to nearly *** petawatt hours. Global renewable energy production increased over the years. Between 2009 and 2023, figures rose by approximately **** petawatt hours.
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This table expresses the use of renewable energy as gross final consumption of energy. Figures are presented in an absolute way, as well as related to the total energy use in the Netherlands. The total gross final energy consumption in the Netherlands (the denominator used to calculate the percentage of renewable energy per ‘Energy sources and techniques’) can be found in the table as ‘Total, including non-renewables’ and Energy application ‘Total’. The gross final energy consumption for the energy applications ‘Electricity’ and ‘Heat’ are also available. With these figures the percentages of the different energy sources and applications can be calculated; these values are not available in this table. The gross final energy consumption for ‘Transport’ is not available because of the complexity to calculate this. More information on this can be found in the yearly publication ‘Hernieuwbare energie in Nederland’.
Renewable energy is energy from wind, hydro power, the sun, the earth, heat from outdoor air and biomass. This is energy from natural processes that is replenished constantly.
The figures are broken down into energy source/technique and into energy application (electricity, heat and transport).
This table focuses on the share of renewable energy according to the EU Renewable Energy Directive. Under this directive, countries can apply an administrative transfer by purchasing renewable energy from countries that have consumed more renewable energy than the agreed target. For 2020, the Netherlands has implemented such a transfer by purchasing renewable energy from Denmark. This transfer has been made visible in this table as a separate energy source/technique and two totals are included; a total with statistical transfer and a total without statistical transfer.
Figures for 2020 and before were calculated based on RED I; in accordance with Eurostat these figures will not be modified anymore. Inconsistencies with other tables undergoing updates may occur.
Data available from: 1990
Status of the figures: This table contains definite figures up to and including 2023, figures for 2024 are revised provisional.
Changes as of November 2025: Figures have been revised from 2021 – 2022 and updated for 2023 -2024 The revision concerns improved data on (bio)diesel oil consumption by mobile equipment in the construction and services sectors. This results in a shift of biodiesel consumption in energy application transport to energy application heating and cooling. These changes amount to a few PJ.
Changes as of July 2025: Compiling figures on solar electricity took more time than scheduled. Consequently, not all StatLine tables on energy contain the most recent 2024 data on production for solar electricity. This table contains the outdated data from June 2025. The most recent figures are 5 percent higher for 2024 solar electricity production. These figures are in these two tables (in Dutch): - StatLine - Zonnestroom; vermogen en vermogensklasse, bedrijven en woningen, regio - StatLine - Hernieuwbare energie; zonnestroom, windenergie, RES-regio Next update is scheduled in November 2025. From that moment all figures will be fully consistent again. We apologize for the inconvenience.
Changes as of june 2025: Figures for 2024 have been added.
Changes as of January 2025
Renewable cooling has been added as Energy source and technique from 2021 onwards, in accordance with RED II. Figures for 2020 and earlier follow RED I definitions, renewable cooling isn’t a part of these definitions.
The energy application “Heat” has been renamed to “Heating and cooling”, in accordance with RED II definitions.
RED II is the current Renewable Energy Directive which entered into force in 2021
Changes as of November 15th 2024 Figures for 2021-2023 have been adjusted. 2022 is now definitive, 2023 stays revised provisional. Because of new insights for windmills regarding own electricity use and capacity, figures on 2021 have been revised.
Changes as of March 2024: Figures of the total energy applications of biogas, co-digestion of manure and other biogas have been restored for 2021 and 2022. The final energy consumption of non-compliant biogas (according to RED II) was wrongly included in the total final consumption of these types of biogas. Figures of total biogas, total biomass and total renewable energy were not influenced by this and therefore not adjusted.
When will new figures be published? Provisional figures on the gross final consumption of renewable energy in broad outlines for the previous year are published each year in June. Revised provisional figures for the previous year appear each year in June.
In November all figures on the consumption of renewable energy in the previous year will be published. These figures remain revised provisional, definite figures appear in November two years after the reporting year. Most important (expected) changes between revised provisional figures in November and definite figures a year later are the figures on solar photovoltaic energy. The figures on the share of total energy consumption in the Netherlands could also still be changed by the availability of adjusted figures on total energy consumption.
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Overview This dataset, provided by the International Renewable Energy Agency (IRENA), offers comprehensive statistics on renewable and non-renewable energy across various regions, sub-regions, and countries from the year 2000 to 2022. The dataset includes key metrics such as electricity generation (in GWh) and installed electricity capacity (in MW) for different energy technologies.
Highlights Temporal Coverage: Data spans from the year 2000 to 2022. Geographical Coverage: Includes data from multiple regions and countries worldwide. Comprehensive Energy Data: Covers both renewable and non-renewable energy sources, providing a holistic view of the global energy landscape.
Usage Energy Research: Analyzing trends in renewable and non-renewable energy generation and capacity over time. Policy Making: Assisting policymakers in understanding the energy landscape and making informed decisions. Educational Purposes: Serving as a rich resource for students and educators in the fields of energy studies, and environmental science
Dataset Cleaning The dataset from the IRENA Renewable Energy Statistics 2024 report was cleaned to retain essential columns, deduplicated to remove any repeated records, and had blank records removed to ensure data quality and integrity.
Acknowledgements This dataset was sourced from International Renewable Energy Agency (IRENA). For more information, please visit IRENA's official website.
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United States US: Renewable Energy Consumption: % of Total Final Energy Consumption data was reported at 8.717 % in 2015. This records a decrease from the previous number of 8.754 % for 2014. United States US: Renewable Energy Consumption: % of Total Final Energy Consumption data is updated yearly, averaging 5.454 % from Dec 1990 (Median) to 2015, with 26 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 8.754 % in 2014 and a record low of 4.089 % in 1994. United States US: Renewable Energy Consumption: % of Total Final Energy Consumption data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s USA – Table US.World Bank: Energy Production and Consumption. Renewable energy consumption is the share of renewables energy in total final energy consumption.; ; World Bank, Sustainable Energy for All (SE4ALL) database from the SE4ALL Global Tracking Framework led jointly by the World Bank, International Energy Agency, and the Energy Sector Management Assistance Program.; Weighted Average;
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TwitterHard coal is the most produced non-renewable energy source. In 2023, hard coal accounted for a ***** percent share of worldwide non-renewable energy production. This was closely followed by crude oil, which made up a ***** percent share. Before 2023, crude oil was the most produced non-renewable energy source.
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Jordan JO: Renewable Energy Consumption: % of Total Final Energy Consumption data was reported at 3.229 % in 2015. This records an increase from the previous number of 3.131 % for 2014. Jordan JO: Renewable Energy Consumption: % of Total Final Energy Consumption data is updated yearly, averaging 2.332 % from Dec 1990 (Median) to 2015, with 26 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 3.229 % in 2015 and a record low of 1.688 % in 2005. Jordan JO: Renewable Energy Consumption: % of Total Final Energy Consumption data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Jordan – Table JO.World Bank: Energy Production and Consumption. Renewable energy consumption is the share of renewables energy in total final energy consumption.; ; World Bank, Sustainable Energy for All (SE4ALL) database from the SE4ALL Global Tracking Framework led jointly by the World Bank, International Energy Agency, and the Energy Sector Management Assistance Program.; Weighted Average;
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DATA SOURCE Energy Institute, Statistical Review of World Energy https://www.energyinst.org/statistical-review/resources-and-data-downloads Statistical Review of World Energy Data (2023) Renewables Generation by Source
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According to Cognitive Market Research, the global Renewable energy market size was USD 1124514.6 million in 2024. It will expand at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 9.00% from 2024 to 2031.
North America held the major market share for more than 40% of the global revenue with a market size of USD 449805.84 million in 2024 and will grow at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 7.2% from 2024 to 2031.
Europe accounted for a market share of over 30% of the global revenue with a market size of USD 337354.38 million.
Asia Pacific held a market share of around 23% of the global revenue with a market size of USD 258638.36 million in 2024 and will grow at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 11.0% from 2024 to 2031.
Latin America had a market share of more than 5% of the global revenue with a market size of USD 56225.73 million in 2024 and will grow at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 8.4% from 2024 to 2031.
Middle East and Africa had a market share of around 2% of the global revenue and was estimated at a market size of USD 22490.29 million in 2024 and will grow at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 8.7% from 2024 to 2031.
The Solar PV segment is the dominant category in the renewable energy market, driven by its widespread adoption and decreasing cost
Market Dynamics of Renewable energy Market
Key Drivers for Renewable energy Market
Rising Global Awareness About Climate Change to Boost Market Growth
As climate change concerns intensify worldwide, there is a significant push for sustainable energy sources. The environmental impact of fossil fuels, including carbon emissions, has led governments, businesses, and individuals to prioritize the transition to renewable energy. This shift is further supported by scientific studies linking climate change to extreme weather patterns, which has made the public more conscious of the urgent need for eco-friendly energy solutions. Governments are increasingly setting ambitious renewable energy targets, which are contributing to the accelerated adoption of clean energy technologies globally. For instance, In February 2023, Green World Renewable Energy LLC launched innovative solar panel and combiner box at ISNA, solar storage exhibition. This solar energy product provides a reliable and efficient solution for harnessing the power of the sun. This system is designed to meet the growing demand for renewable energy sources and provides a clean, cost-effective, and sustainable alternative to traditional energy sources
Technological Advancements Reducing Costs to Drive Market Growth
The renewable energy market has witnessed significant technological advancements, particularly in solar and wind energy production, which have driven down production and installation costs. Innovations such as more efficient photovoltaic panels, larger and more efficient wind turbines, and energy storage systems have made renewable energy more affordable and accessible. As these technologies continue to evolve, economies of scale are improving, further reducing the cost of renewable energy generation. The decreasing costs, combined with increased efficiency, have encouraged both private and public sector investments, contributing to the market's growth.
Restraint Factor for the Renewable energy Market
High Initial Capital Investment, will Limit Market Growth
Despite the long-term savings and environmental benefits, one of the key barriers to the widespread adoption of renewable energy is the high upfront capital investment required for infrastructure development. The installation of solar panels, wind turbines, and other renewable energy systems demands substantial financial resources, which can be a deterrent for smaller businesses or individuals. Although costs have decreased over the years, the financial commitment for setting up renewable energy facilities, including grid integration, can still be prohibitive. This makes it challenging for emerging economies or less affluent communities to transition to renewable energy solutions.
Impact of Covid-19 on the Renewable energy Market
Covid-19 pandemic had a significant impact on the renewable energy market, causing delays in project timelines and disruptions in supply chains. Global lockdowns led to the temporary closure of manufacturing plants, resulting in shortages of essential components like solar panels and wind turbine parts. Construction activities were also hindered ...
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Japan JP: Renewable Energy Consumption: % of Total Final Energy Consumption data was reported at 6.297 % in 2015. This records an increase from the previous number of 5.625 % for 2014. Japan JP: Renewable Energy Consumption: % of Total Final Energy Consumption data is updated yearly, averaging 4.040 % from Dec 1990 (Median) to 2015, with 26 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 6.297 % in 2015 and a record low of 3.568 % in 1994. Japan JP: Renewable Energy Consumption: % of Total Final Energy Consumption data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Japan – Table JP.World Bank: Energy Production and Consumption. Renewable energy consumption is the share of renewables energy in total final energy consumption.; ; World Bank, Sustainable Energy for All (SE4ALL) database from the SE4ALL Global Tracking Framework led jointly by the World Bank, International Energy Agency, and the Energy Sector Management Assistance Program.; Weighted Average;
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Germany DE: Renewable Energy Consumption: % of Total Final Energy Consumption data was reported at 17.600 % in 2021. This records a decrease from the previous number of 18.500 % for 2020. Germany DE: Renewable Energy Consumption: % of Total Final Energy Consumption data is updated yearly, averaging 7.950 % from Dec 1990 (Median) to 2021, with 32 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 18.500 % in 2020 and a record low of 2.000 % in 1991. Germany DE: Renewable Energy Consumption: % of Total Final Energy Consumption data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Germany – Table DE.World Bank.WDI: Environmental: Energy Production and Consumption. Renewable energy consumption is the share of renewables energy in total final energy consumption.;IEA, IRENA, UNSD, World Bank, WHO. 2023. Tracking SDG 7: The Energy Progress Report. World Bank, Washington DC. © World Bank. License: Creative Commons Attribution—NonCommercial 3.0 IGO (CC BY-NC 3.0 IGO).;Weighted average;
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TwitterThe renewable energy sector is expected to increase massively before the end of the decade. In 2021, European countries accounted for the largest share of energy produced from renewables worldwide. Europe is projected to maintain this top-ranking position in the next few years, with an expected ** percent of energy production coming from renewable sources by 2027. The most substantial growth in renewable energy production between 2021 and 2027 is however forecast to occur in the Middle East and Africa, with a three-fold increase from **** percent to ** percent. Renewable energy investments in the United States With the Biden Bipartisan Infrastructure Bill in 2021, the United States allocated ** billion U.S. dollars for upgrading the power infrastructure and ** billion U.S. dollars for smart buildings. The clean energy investments in the U.S. will finance the transmission network of the growing renewable energy sector, the development of green technologies, and the optimization of energy consumption to save energy. South America's renewable energy outlook South America's share of energy production from renewable sources is projected to ****** between 2021 and 2027. The Argentinian energy sector, for example, has attracted Chinese and European investments and the renewable energy capacity of this country has experienced a steady growth since 2016. In Mexico, the capacity additions planned by the Program for the Development of the Electricity System 2022-2036 were predominately in the renewable energy sector.
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This dataset provides insights into renewable energy production and consumption from 2000 to 2024, covering solar, wind, hydro, geothermal, and bioenergy across multiple countries. It is designed for energy analysts, climate researchers, policymakers, and AI/ML developers working on sustainability, emission reduction, and energy forecasting.
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Chile CL: Renewable Energy Consumption: % of Total Final Energy Consumption data was reported at 24.200 % in 2021. This records a decrease from the previous number of 26.700 % for 2020. Chile CL: Renewable Energy Consumption: % of Total Final Energy Consumption data is updated yearly, averaging 30.650 % from Dec 1990 (Median) to 2021, with 32 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 38.600 % in 1992 and a record low of 24.100 % in 2017. Chile CL: Renewable Energy Consumption: % of Total Final Energy Consumption data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Chile – Table CL.World Bank.WDI: Environmental: Energy Production and Consumption. Renewable energy consumption is the share of renewables energy in total final energy consumption.;IEA, IRENA, UNSD, World Bank, WHO. 2023. Tracking SDG 7: The Energy Progress Report. World Bank, Washington DC. © World Bank. License: Creative Commons Attribution—NonCommercial 3.0 IGO (CC BY-NC 3.0 IGO).;Weighted average;
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Italy IT: Renewable Energy Consumption: % of Total Final Energy Consumption data was reported at 16.517 % in 2015. This records a decrease from the previous number of 17.090 % for 2014. Italy IT: Renewable Energy Consumption: % of Total Final Energy Consumption data is updated yearly, averaging 5.766 % from Dec 1990 (Median) to 2015, with 26 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 17.090 % in 2014 and a record low of 3.781 % in 1990. Italy IT: Renewable Energy Consumption: % of Total Final Energy Consumption data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Italy – Table IT.World Bank: Energy Production and Consumption. Renewable energy consumption is the share of renewables energy in total final energy consumption.; ; World Bank, Sustainable Energy for All (SE4ALL) database from the SE4ALL Global Tracking Framework led jointly by the World Bank, International Energy Agency, and the Energy Sector Management Assistance Program.; Weighted average;
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Indonesia Renewable Energy Supply: Tonnes of Total Energy Supply data was reported at 59,460,328.100 TOE th in 2022. This records an increase from the previous number of 54,817,476.400 TOE th for 2021. Indonesia Renewable Energy Supply: Tonnes of Total Energy Supply data is updated yearly, averaging 33,837,000.700 TOE th from Dec 1990 (Median) to 2022, with 33 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 59,460,328.100 TOE th in 2022 and a record low of 30,135,567.900 TOE th in 2000. Indonesia Renewable Energy Supply: Tonnes of Total Energy Supply data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Indonesia – Table ID.OECD.GGI: Environmental: Energy Production and Consumption: Non OECD Member: Annual.
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Since the Industrial Revolution, the energy mix of most countries across the world has become dominated by fossil fuels. This has major implications for the global climate, as well as for human health.
To reduce CO2 emissions and local air pollution, the world needs to rapidly shift towards low-carbon sources of energy – nuclear and renewable technologies.
Renewable energy will play a key role in the decarbonization of our energy systems in the coming decades. But how rapidly is our production of renewable energy changing? What technologies look most promising in transforming our energy mix?