In January 2025, apartment rents recorded an annual growth in most U.S. states. Nevertheless, the national average rent declined by about *** percent. West Virginia was the state with the largest rental increase, while Colorado measured the largest decline. California, one of the most expensive states to rent an apartment, such as California, saw an increase of about *** percent from the previous year. How much should you earn to afford to rent an apartment in different states in the U.S.? Both employment opportunities and the living costs vary widely across the country. In California, which is among the most competitive housing markets in the U.S., the hourly wage needed to afford a two-bedroom apartment rental was roughly ** U.S. dollars, more than twice higher than in North Carolina, Louisiana, or Michigan in 2024. When it comes to the median household income, on the other hand, California does not even make it in the top ten states. How much should you earn to afford a home in some of U.S. largest metros? In 2022, the annual salary needed to buy a median-priced home in the U.S. was ****** U.S. dollars. However, in some of the largest metropolitan areas in the United States, where housing prices are up to two or three times higher, homebuyers would have to earn more than 100,000 U.S. dollars to afford a home. In San Jose, which was the most expensive metro, the annual salary needed for a median-priced home was approximately ******* U.S. dollars.

Graph and download economic data for Consumer Price Index for All Urban Consumers: Rent of Primary Residence in U.S. City Average (CUUR0000SEHA) from Dec 1914 to May 2025 about primary, rent, urban, consumer, CPI, inflation, price index, indexes, price, and USA.

The UK residential rental market is poised for significant growth, with forecasts indicating a cumulative increase of nearly **** percent by 2029. This surge is expected to be front-loaded, with a robust *****percent rise anticipated in 2025. Rental growth has accelerated notably since 2021, with August 2024 experiencing a decade-high annual percentage growth. The trend reflects the complex interplay between housing affordability, mortgage rates, and supply of rental homes, as the UK housing market navigates a period of transition.

This table includes the average increase of rent paid for dwellings in the Netherlands. The rent increase is set per 1 July. Data available from: 1959 Status of the figures: The provisional figures are published in August and relate to the rent increase as implemented in July. The figures become definitive upon publication in September. Disparities between provisional and definitive figures are caused by new source material. Changes as of 4 September 2024: Definitive figures of 2024 have been published. When will new figures be published? Provisional figures of 2025 will be published in August 2025.

Price to Rent Ratio in the United States increased to 134.20 in the fourth quarter of 2024 from 133.60 in the third quarter of 2024. This dataset includes a chart with historical data for the United States Price to Rent Ratio.

Displacement risk indicator classifying census tracts according to apartment rent prices in census tracts. We classify apartment rent along two dimensions:The median rents within the census tract for the specified year, balancing between nominal rental price and rental price per square foot.The change in median rent price (again balanced between nominal rent price and price per square foot) from the previous year.Note: Median rent calculations include market-rate and mixed-income multifamily apartment properties with 5 or more rental units in Seattle, excluding special types like student, senior, corporate or military housing.Source: Data from CoStar Group, www.costar.com, prepared by City of Seattle, Office of Planning and Community Development

The Price Index of Private Rents (PIPR) increased gradually since 2015 and reached a value of ***** in ************. That indicates a rental increase of ** percent since ************, the baseline year when the index was set to 100. The rental rates for mainstream properties are forecast to continue to grow over the next five years.

Rent Inflation in the United States decreased to 3.80 percent in June from 3.90 percent in May of 2025. This dataset includes a chart with historical data for the United States Rent Inflation.

Rents in the United States declined year-on-year for the first time in June 2023, after surging for two years in a row. In November 2021, rents soared by over ** percent annually — the highest increase on record, and in August 2022, the average rental price reached an all-time high of over ***** U.S. dollars. Rental growth has since mellowed, with January 2025 recording a decline of about *** percent from the same period one year ago. Despite the softening of the market, many states still experienced rising rents.

VITAL SIGNS INDICATOR List Rents (EC9)

FULL MEASURE NAME List Rents

LAST UPDATED October 2016

DESCRIPTION List rent refers to the advertised rents for available rental housing and serves as a measure of housing costs for new households moving into a neighborhood, city, county or region.

DATA SOURCE real Answers (1994 – 2015) no link

Zillow Metro Median Listing Price All Homes (2010-2016) http://www.zillow.com/research/data/

CONTACT INFORMATION vitalsigns.info@mtc.ca.gov

METHODOLOGY NOTES (across all datasets for this indicator) List rents data reflects median rent prices advertised for available apartments rather than median rent payments; more information is available in the indicator definition above. Regional and local geographies rely on data collected by real Answers, a research organization and database publisher specializing in the multifamily housing market. real Answers focuses on collecting longitudinal data for individual rental properties through quarterly surveys. For the Bay Area, their database is comprised of properties with 40 to 3,000+ housing units. Median list prices most likely have an upward bias due to the exclusion of smaller properties. The bias may be most extreme in geographies where large rental properties represent a small portion of the overall rental market. A map of the individual properties surveyed is included in the Local Focus section.

Individual properties surveyed provided lower- and upper-bound ranges for the various types of housing available (studio, 1 bedroom, 2 bedroom, etc.). Median lower- and upper-bound prices are determined across all housing types for the regional and county geographies. The median list price represented in Vital Signs is the average of the median lower- and upper-bound prices for the region and counties. Median upper-bound prices are determined across all housing types for the city geographies. The median list price represented in Vital Signs is the median upper-bound price for cities. For simplicity, only the mean list rent is displayed for the individual properties. The metro areas geography rely upon Zillow data, which is the median price for rentals listed through www.zillow.com during the month. Like the real Answers data, Zillow's median list prices most likely have an upward bias since small properties are underrepresented in Zillow's listings. The metro area data for the Bay Area cannot be compared to the regional Bay Area data. Due to afore mentioned data limitations, this data is suitable for analyzing the change in list rents over time but not necessarily comparisons of absolute list rents. Metro area boundaries reflects today’s metro area definitions by county for consistency, rather than historical metro area boundaries.

Due to the limited number of rental properties surveyed, city-level data is unavailable for Atherton, Belvedere, Brisbane, Calistoga, Clayton, Cloverdale, Cotati, Fairfax, Half Moon Bay, Healdsburg, Hillsborough, Los Altos Hills, Monte Sereno, Moranga, Oakley, Orinda, Portola Valley, Rio Vista, Ross, San Anselmo, San Carlos, Saratoga, Sebastopol, Windsor, Woodside, and Yountville.

Inflation-adjusted data are presented to illustrate how rents have grown relative to overall price increases; that said, the use of the Consumer Price Index does create some challenges given the fact that housing represents a major chunk of consumer goods bundle used to calculate CPI. This reflects a methodological tradeoff between precision and accuracy and is a common concern when working with any commodity that is a major component of CPI itself. Percent change in inflation-adjusted median is calculated with respect to the median price from the fourth quarter or December of the base year.

Israel Rental Prices: Avg: Ramat Gan data was reported at 5,574.100 ILS in Dec 2024. This records an increase from the previous number of 5,518.900 ILS for Sep 2024. Israel Rental Prices: Avg: Ramat Gan data is updated quarterly, averaging 4,647.550 ILS from Mar 2017 (Median) to Dec 2024, with 32 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 5,574.100 ILS in Dec 2024 and a record low of 4,206.662 ILS in Mar 2017. Israel Rental Prices: Avg: Ramat Gan data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Central Bureau of Statistics. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Israel – Table IL.EB009: Average Rental Price: Dwellings.

This table includes the average increase of rent paid for dwellings in the Netherlands. It shows a breakdown regarding the rent change in- and excluding rent harmonisation. Another breakdown is for the commercial and non-commercial rent movements of dwellings. The rent change is given on an annual basis and is significant input for the housing price movements in the consumer price index. Data available from: 2009 Status of the figures: All values are definite. Frequency: Discontinued on 10 October 2011.

AI-Powered Rental Price Index Market Outlook

According to our latest research, the global AI-Powered Rental Price Index market size reached USD 1.84 billion in 2024, with a robust compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 17.2% projected through the forecast period. By 2033, the market is anticipated to achieve a value of USD 8.19 billion, driven by increasing demand for data-driven pricing strategies, rapid digital transformation in real estate, and the growing adoption of artificial intelligence across property valuation and management. As per our comprehensive analysis, the market is witnessing exponential growth due to the need for accurate, real-time rental price insights, supporting both property owners and tenants in making informed decisions.

One of the primary growth factors fueling the AI-Powered Rental Price Index market is the escalating need for transparency and precision in rental pricing, especially in highly dynamic urban real estate environments. Traditional pricing methodologies often fall short in accounting for rapidly shifting market variables, such as sudden changes in demand, local economic trends, or emerging neighborhood developments. AI-powered solutions leverage advanced algorithms and machine learning models to process vast datasets, including historical rental prices, property attributes, neighborhood analytics, and even social sentiment. This enables real estate stakeholders to arrive at more accurate and competitive rental prices, minimizing vacancies and maximizing returns. Further, the integration of AI with Internet of Things (IoT) and smart city initiatives is enhancing the granularity and timeliness of rental data, solidifying the value proposition of AI-powered rental indices.

Another significant growth driver is the increasing adoption of digital platforms by real estate agencies, property managers, and institutional investors. The transformation from manual, spreadsheet-based assessments to automated, AI-driven platforms is streamlining operations, reducing human error, and enabling scalable portfolio management. Financial institutions are also leveraging AI-powered rental indices for risk assessment, loan underwriting, and investment analysis, further expanding the addressable market. Additionally, the proliferation of proptech startups and increased venture capital investments in real estate technology are accelerating the innovation cycle, resulting in more sophisticated and customizable AI-powered pricing solutions. The rising consumer expectation for transparency and fairness in rental pricing, particularly among younger, tech-savvy renters, is further catalyzing market growth.

Furthermore, regulatory developments and government initiatives aimed at improving housing affordability and market efficiency are positively impacting the AI-Powered Rental Price Index market. In many regions, public sector agencies are collaborating with technology providers to develop standardized rental indices, which support policy-making, rent control measures, and urban planning. These collaborations are fostering an environment where AI-powered analytics are not only a competitive advantage for private enterprises but also a tool for public good. However, market expansion is somewhat tempered by challenges related to data privacy, algorithmic transparency, and the need for standardized data formats across jurisdictions. Addressing these issues will be crucial for sustained growth and broader adoption in the coming years.

Regionally, North America continues to dominate the AI-Powered Rental Price Index market, accounting for the largest share in 2024, owing to its mature real estate sector, high digital adoption, and strong presence of leading proptech firms. Europe is experiencing rapid growth, particularly in countries with high urbanization rates and regulatory support for digital transformation in real estate. Asia Pacific is emerging as a high-growth region, driven by urban expansion, smart city projects, and a burgeoning middle class seeking reliable rental information. While Latin America and Middle East & Africa are currently smaller markets, they present significant long-term potential as digital infrastructure and real estate investment accelerate. Overall, regional dynamics are shaped by varying levels of technological maturity, regulatory frameworks, and the pace of urbanization.

This table contains the increase in house rent in the Netherlands. A distinction is made between rent changes including and excluding rent harmonisation. In addition, there is a distinction between commercial rental and non-commercial rental. The rent increase is determined annually and is an important input for the price development of housing in the consumer price index. Data available from: 2009 Status of the figures: The figures are final. Frequency: Discontinued as of October 10, 2011.

Israel Rental Prices: Avg: Tel Aviv data was reported at 7,116.600 ILS in Dec 2024. This records an increase from the previous number of 7,049.600 ILS for Sep 2024. Israel Rental Prices: Avg: Tel Aviv data is updated quarterly, averaging 5,952.500 ILS from Mar 2017 (Median) to Dec 2024, with 32 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 7,116.600 ILS in Dec 2024 and a record low of 5,300.865 ILS in Mar 2017. Israel Rental Prices: Avg: Tel Aviv data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Central Bureau of Statistics. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Israel – Table IL.EB009: Average Rental Price: Dwellings.

This table includes the average increase of rent paid for dwellings by region. There is a breakdown regarding the rent change in- and excluding rent harmonisation. There is also a division by province and the four large cities Amsterdam, The Hague, Rotterdam and Utrecht. The rent change is given on an annual basis and is significant input for the housing price movements in the consumer price index. Data available from: 1999 Status of the figures: All values are definite. Frequency: Discontinued on 10 October 2011.

Mexico was one of the economies where house prices increased the most between 2016 and 2024, rising by nearly ** percent during that period. The growth rate of housing prices from 2015 to 2023 in Russia was even higher, but the 2024 data for that country was not yet available. Meanwhile, Poland and the U.S. were among the countries where rents increased the most from 2016 to 2024.

South Korea Rent Price Index: sa data was reported at 108.443 2015=100 in 2024. This records an increase from the previous number of 108.179 2015=100 for 2023. South Korea Rent Price Index: sa data is updated yearly, averaging 79.293 2015=100 from Dec 1985 (Median) to 2024, with 40 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 108.443 2015=100 in 2024 and a record low of 36.533 2015=100 in 1985. South Korea Rent Price Index: sa data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. The data is categorized under Global Database’s South Korea – Table KR.OECD.AHPI: House Price Index: Seasonally Adjusted: OECD Member: Annual.

Spain ES: Rent Price Index: sa data was reported at 112.558 2015=100 in Mar 2025. This records an increase from the previous number of 111.935 2015=100 for Dec 2024. Spain ES: Rent Price Index: sa data is updated quarterly, averaging 46.219 2015=100 from Mar 1961 (Median) to Mar 2025, with 257 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 112.558 2015=100 in Mar 2025 and a record low of 3.357 2015=100 in Mar 1961. Spain ES: Rent Price Index: sa data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Spain – Table ES.OECD.AHPI: House Price Index: Seasonally Adjusted: OECD Member: Quarterly.

In accordance with Rules and Regulations Section 1.12 (https://www.sf.gov/reports--rent-board-rules-and-regulations), the Rent Board sets the annual allowable rent increase for rent controlled units. The new rates are effective every year on March 1. The amount is based on 60% of the percentage increase in the Consumer Price Index (CPI) for All Urban Consumers in the San Francisco-Oakland-San Jose region for the 12-month period ending October 31, as posted in November by the Bureau of Labor Statistics.