As of July 2023, in India average rental yields were highest for Delhi with about six percent, followed by Chennai and Kolkata with around five percent each. The lowest rental yield amongst the major cities was for Mumbai with approximately three percent. Rental yield is the difference between income received from renting out the property and the overall costs of the investment.

As of the first quarter of 2022, the Indian office real estate market received *** million U.S. dollars in investments. In the year 2021, the value of investments was around ************* U.S. dollars despite the prolonged pandemic. This was a significant increase compared to 2020 when investments had already dropped from their highest value in 2018.

An investor’s paradise

Commercial real estate is generally preferred over residential real estate by investors as the former offers higher rental yields. Within the commercial real estate sector, the office segment has emerged as the favorite among investors. Digitalization, policy support, lower interest rates, and growing consumer confidence are increasingly boosting investors’ interest in the segment. Additionally, softening of crypto and other financial markets, renewed interest in the real estate sector. The office sector is slowly recovering from a COVID-19-induced setback as a lot of companies are implementing back-to-office policies leading to growth in demand for office spaces and thereby, leading to an increase in absorption rates.

Investment outlook: The co-working sector 

The expansion of co-working spaces, once dominated by freelance professionals, SMEs, and start-ups, was one of the COVID-induced changes in the real estate market. As large corporates expand their ventures to newer markets and collaborate with co-working operators, there has been an increase in investment activity in the co-working sector. Angel investors, particularly, expect a high return on investment (ROI) from coworking spaces as compared to later-stage investors. With the introduction of real estate investment trusts (REITs) in India, the sector is expected to receive a boost

In financial year 2023, DLF Cyber City Developers Limited (DCCDL) in India reported a rental income of ***** billion Indian rupees from office spaces. This was an increase compared to the previous year. The rental income from retail spaces also increased to **** billion rupees during that period.

DCCDL is a joint venture of India's leading real estate company Delhi Land and Finance (DLF) and Singapore-based wealth fund GIC. It mainly develops commercial properties like special economic zones and IT parks.

Cost of Cultivation: Paddy: Haryana: Fixed Cost: Rental Value of Owned Land data was reported at 36,700.530 INR/ha in 2022. This records an increase from the previous number of 35,353.860 INR/ha for 2021. Cost of Cultivation: Paddy: Haryana: Fixed Cost: Rental Value of Owned Land data is updated yearly, averaging 17,044.890 INR/ha from Mar 1997 (Median) to 2022, with 26 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 36,700.530 INR/ha in 2022 and a record low of 5,779.420 INR/ha in 1997. Cost of Cultivation: Paddy: Haryana: Fixed Cost: Rental Value of Owned Land data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Directorate of Economics and Statistics, Department of Agriculture and Farmers Welfare. The data is categorized under India Premium Database’s Agriculture Sector – Table IN.RIH006: Cost of Cultivation: Foodgrains: Cereals: Paddy: Haryana.

As of the 3rd quarter 2024, the average warehousing rent was **** Indian rupees per square feet per month in Pune, ranked the most expensive among all major cities in India. It was followed by Chennai and Kolkata.

Cost of Cultivation: Paddy: Himachal Pradesh: Fixed Cost: Rental Value of Owned Land data was reported at 19,660.500 INR/ha in 2022. This records an increase from the previous number of 15,573.360 INR/ha for 2021. Cost of Cultivation: Paddy: Himachal Pradesh: Fixed Cost: Rental Value of Owned Land data is updated yearly, averaging 7,205.940 INR/ha from Mar 2006 (Median) to 2022, with 17 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 19,660.500 INR/ha in 2022 and a record low of 3,559.170 INR/ha in 2006. Cost of Cultivation: Paddy: Himachal Pradesh: Fixed Cost: Rental Value of Owned Land data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Directorate of Economics and Statistics, Department of Agriculture and Farmers Welfare. The data is categorized under India Premium Database’s Agriculture Sector – Table IN.RIH007: Cost of Cultivation: Foodgrains: Cereals: Paddy: Himachal Pradesh.

Cost of Cultivation: Wheat: Bihar: Fixed Cost: Rental Value of Owned Land data was reported at 18,311.720 INR/ha in 2021. This records an increase from the previous number of 14,971.250 INR/ha for 2020. Cost of Cultivation: Wheat: Bihar: Fixed Cost: Rental Value of Owned Land data is updated yearly, averaging 4,967.780 INR/ha from Mar 1997 (Median) to 2021, with 25 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 18,311.720 INR/ha in 2021 and a record low of 2,815.920 INR/ha in 1998. Cost of Cultivation: Wheat: Bihar: Fixed Cost: Rental Value of Owned Land data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Directorate of Economics and Statistics, Department of Agriculture and Farmers Welfare. The data is categorized under India Premium Database’s Agriculture Sector – Table IN.RIH019: Cost of Cultivation: Foodgrains: Cereals: Wheat: Bihar.

Cost of Cultivation: Other Crops: Sugarcane: Andhra Pradesh: Fixed Cost: Rental Value of Owned Land data was reported at 27,422.970 INR/ha in 2021. This records a decrease from the previous number of 61,278.310 INR/ha for 2020. Cost of Cultivation: Other Crops: Sugarcane: Andhra Pradesh: Fixed Cost: Rental Value of Owned Land data is updated yearly, averaging 28,670.050 INR/ha from Mar 1999 (Median) to 2021, with 23 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 70,383.560 INR/ha in 2018 and a record low of 13,691.820 INR/ha in 2000. Cost of Cultivation: Other Crops: Sugarcane: Andhra Pradesh: Fixed Cost: Rental Value of Owned Land data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Directorate of Economics and Statistics, Department of Agriculture and Farmers Welfare. The data is categorized under India Premium Database’s Agriculture Sector – Table IN.RIH152: Cost of Cultivation: Non Foodgrains: Other Crops: Sugarcane: Andhra Pradesh.

In the first half of 2023, Mumbai remained to be the most expensive city for rental office space in India, at a monthly rate of *** Indian rupees per square feet. In the city of Hyderabad, the costs for office space rent remained stable at a much lower price than in Mumbai.

Cost of Cultivation: Other Crops: Sugarcane: Uttar Pradesh: Fixed Cost: Rental Value of Owned Land data was reported at 50,599.500 INR/ha in 2021. This records an increase from the previous number of 45,388.650 INR/ha for 2020. Cost of Cultivation: Other Crops: Sugarcane: Uttar Pradesh: Fixed Cost: Rental Value of Owned Land data is updated yearly, averaging 17,427.770 INR/ha from Mar 1997 (Median) to 2021, with 25 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 50,599.500 INR/ha in 2021 and a record low of 8,681.410 INR/ha in 1997. Cost of Cultivation: Other Crops: Sugarcane: Uttar Pradesh: Fixed Cost: Rental Value of Owned Land data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Directorate of Economics and Statistics, Department of Agriculture and Farmers Welfare. The data is categorized under India Premium Database’s Agriculture Sector – Table IN.RIH157: Cost of Cultivation: Non Foodgrains: Other Crops: Sugarcane: Uttar Pradesh.

In the financial year 2023, the balance of property prices by annual income resulted in an affordability of *** for housing in India. The recent period has witnessed the best affordability in the last two decades.

Cost of Cultivation: Pulses: Lentil (Masur): Bihar: Fixed Cost: Rental Value of Owned Land data was reported at 14,583.640 INR/ha in 2021. This records an increase from the previous number of 14,302.830 INR/ha for 2020. Cost of Cultivation: Pulses: Lentil (Masur): Bihar: Fixed Cost: Rental Value of Owned Land data is updated yearly, averaging 6,191.875 INR/ha from Mar 2000 (Median) to 2021, with 22 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 14,583.640 INR/ha in 2021 and a record low of 3,397.700 INR/ha in 2002. Cost of Cultivation: Pulses: Lentil (Masur): Bihar: Fixed Cost: Rental Value of Owned Land data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Directorate of Economics and Statistics, Department of Agriculture and Farmers Welfare. The data is categorized under India Premium Database’s Agriculture Sector – Table IN.RIH092: Cost of Cultivation: Foodgrains: Pulses: Lentil (Masur): Bihar.

Cost of Cultivation: Other Crops: Sugarcane: Tamil Nadu: Fixed Cost: Rental Value of Owned Land data was reported at 42,818.170 INR/ha in 2021. This records a decrease from the previous number of 49,732.960 INR/ha for 2020. Cost of Cultivation: Other Crops: Sugarcane: Tamil Nadu: Fixed Cost: Rental Value of Owned Land data is updated yearly, averaging 18,277.420 INR/ha from Mar 1999 (Median) to 2021, with 23 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 49,732.960 INR/ha in 2020 and a record low of 11,276.750 INR/ha in 2003. Cost of Cultivation: Other Crops: Sugarcane: Tamil Nadu: Fixed Cost: Rental Value of Owned Land data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Directorate of Economics and Statistics, Department of Agriculture and Farmers Welfare. The data is categorized under India Premium Database’s Agriculture Sector – Table IN.RIH156: Cost of Cultivation: Non Foodgrains: Other Crops: Sugarcane: Tamil Nadu.

In fiscal year 2025, the value of taxes on income and property in India was projected to be about ** trillion Indian rupees. Over ** trillion rupees from taxes collected on income and property in the country were recorded in financial year 2022.

Cost of Cultivation: Coarse Cereals: Barley: Uttar Pradesh: Fixed Cost: Rental Value of Owned Land data was reported at 21,835.230 INR/ha in 2021. This records an increase from the previous number of 19,137.400 INR/ha for 2020. Cost of Cultivation: Coarse Cereals: Barley: Uttar Pradesh: Fixed Cost: Rental Value of Owned Land data is updated yearly, averaging 7,801.640 INR/ha from Mar 1997 (Median) to 2021, with 24 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 21,835.230 INR/ha in 2021 and a record low of 3,253.390 INR/ha in 1997. Cost of Cultivation: Coarse Cereals: Barley: Uttar Pradesh: Fixed Cost: Rental Value of Owned Land data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Directorate of Economics and Statistics, Department of Agriculture and Farmers Welfare. The data is categorized under India Premium Database’s Agriculture Sector – Table IN.RIH059: Cost of Cultivation: Foodgrains: Cereals: Coarse Cereals: Barley: Uttar Pradesh.

Portugal, Canada, and the United States were the countries with the highest house price to income ratio in 2024. In all three countries, the index exceeded 130 index points, while the average for all OECD countries stood at 116.2 index points. The index measures the development of housing affordability and is calculated by dividing nominal house price by nominal disposable income per head, with 2015 set as a base year when the index amounted to 100. An index value of 120, for example, would mean that house price growth has outpaced income growth by 20 percent since 2015. How have house prices worldwide changed since the COVID-19 pandemic? House prices started to rise gradually after the global financial crisis (2007–2008), but this trend accelerated with the pandemic. The countries with advanced economies, which usually have mature housing markets, experienced stronger growth than countries with emerging economies. Real house price growth (accounting for inflation) peaked in 2022 and has since lost some of the gain. Although, many countries experienced a decline in house prices, the global house price index shows that property prices in 2023 were still substantially higher than before COVID-19. Renting vs. buying In the past, house prices have grown faster than rents. However, the home affordability has been declining notably, with a direct impact on rental prices. As people struggle to buy a property of their own, they often turn to rental accommodation. This has resulted in a growing demand for rental apartments and soaring rental prices.

Cost of Cultivation: Fruits & Vegetables: Potato: Uttar Pradesh: Fixed Cost: Rental Value of Owned Land data was reported at 36,407.580 INR/ha in 2022. This records an increase from the previous number of 32,518.340 INR/ha for 2021. Cost of Cultivation: Fruits & Vegetables: Potato: Uttar Pradesh: Fixed Cost: Rental Value of Owned Land data is updated yearly, averaging 14,382.450 INR/ha from Mar 1999 (Median) to 2022, with 24 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 36,407.580 INR/ha in 2022 and a record low of 6,061.450 INR/ha in 2000. Cost of Cultivation: Fruits & Vegetables: Potato: Uttar Pradesh: Fixed Cost: Rental Value of Owned Land data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Directorate of Economics and Statistics, Department of Agriculture and Farmers Welfare. The data is categorized under India Premium Database’s Agriculture Sector – Table IN.RIH146: Cost of Cultivation: Non Foodgrains: Fruits & Vegetables: Potato: Uttar Pradesh.

Cost of Cultivation: Coarse Cereals: Bajra: Uttar Pradesh: Fixed Cost: Rental Value of Owned Land data was reported at 11,329.980 INR/ha in 2022. This records an increase from the previous number of 10,639.990 INR/ha for 2021. Cost of Cultivation: Coarse Cereals: Bajra: Uttar Pradesh: Fixed Cost: Rental Value of Owned Land data is updated yearly, averaging 4,529.940 INR/ha from Mar 1997 (Median) to 2022, with 26 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 13,189.430 INR/ha in 2020 and a record low of 1,808.170 INR/ha in 2001. Cost of Cultivation: Coarse Cereals: Bajra: Uttar Pradesh: Fixed Cost: Rental Value of Owned Land data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Directorate of Economics and Statistics, Department of Agriculture and Farmers Welfare. The data is categorized under India Premium Database’s Agriculture Sector – Table IN.RIH043: Cost of Cultivation: Foodgrains: Cereals: Coarse Cereals: Bajra: Uttar Pradesh.

Cost of Cultivation: Other Crops: Sugarcane: Uttarakhand: Fixed Cost: Rental Value of Owned Land data was reported at 59,530.390 INR/ha in 2020. This records an increase from the previous number of 48,647.480 INR/ha for 2019. Cost of Cultivation: Other Crops: Sugarcane: Uttarakhand: Fixed Cost: Rental Value of Owned Land data is updated yearly, averaging 23,598.175 INR/ha from Mar 2003 (Median) to 2020, with 18 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 59,530.390 INR/ha in 2020 and a record low of 9,215.000 INR/ha in 2003. Cost of Cultivation: Other Crops: Sugarcane: Uttarakhand: Fixed Cost: Rental Value of Owned Land data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Directorate of Economics and Statistics, Department of Agriculture and Farmers Welfare. The data is categorized under India Premium Database’s Agriculture Sector – Table IN.RIH158: Cost of Cultivation: Non Foodgrains: Other Crops: Sugarcane: Uttarakhand.

Cost of Cultivation: Paddy: West Bengal: Fixed Cost: Rental Value of Owned Land data was reported at 15,779.640 INR/ha in 2022. This records a decrease from the previous number of 17,281.580 INR/ha for 2021. Cost of Cultivation: Paddy: West Bengal: Fixed Cost: Rental Value of Owned Land data is updated yearly, averaging 8,182.660 INR/ha from Mar 1997 (Median) to 2022, with 26 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 17,281.580 INR/ha in 2021 and a record low of 4,009.390 INR/ha in 2001. Cost of Cultivation: Paddy: West Bengal: Fixed Cost: Rental Value of Owned Land data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Directorate of Economics and Statistics, Department of Agriculture and Farmers Welfare. The data is categorized under India Premium Database’s Agriculture Sector – Table IN.RIH018: Cost of Cultivation: Foodgrains: Cereals: Paddy: West Bengal.