The Retail Price Index (RPI) is one of the main measures of inflation used to calculate the change in the price of goods and services within the British economy. In the third quarter of 2025 the index value was 403.2, indicating that the price for a fixed basket of goods has increased by more than 300 percent since 1987. The RPI inflation rate in September 2025 was 4.5 percent, up from 3.6 percent at the start of the year. Inflation and UK living standards For UK consumers, high inflation is one of the main drivers of the ongoing cost of living crisis. With wages struggling to keep up with the pace of inflation for a long period between 2021 and 2023, UK households saw their living standards fall significantly. In 2022/23, real household disposable income in the UK is estimated to have fallen by 2.1 percent, which was the biggest fall in living standards since 1956. While there have been some signals that the crisis eased somewhat in 2024, such as falling energy and food inflation, an increasing share of UK households have reported increasing living costs since Summer 2024. Additional inflation indicators Aside from the Retail Price Index, the UK also produces other inflation indices such as the Consumer Price Index (CPI) and the Consumer Price Index including owner occupiers' housing costs (CPIH). While these particular indices measure consumer price increases slightly differently, they both provide an overall picture of rising prices. More specific inflation rates, such as by sector, are also produced, while other indices omit certain items, such as core inflation, which excludes food and energy inflation, to provide a more stable measure of inflation.

The Consumer Price Index of the United Kingdom was 139.2 in the third quarter of 2025, indicating that consumer prices have increased by 39.2 percent when compared with the first quarter of 2015. As of September 2025, the inflation rate for the CPI was 3.8 percent, an uptick from the start of 2025, when prices were rising by three percent. A long period of elevated inflation between 2021 and 2023 peaked in October 2022 and saw prices increase by over 20 percent in just three years. Uptick in inflation expected in 2025 In late 2024, the UK's main economic forecaster, the Office for Budget Responsibility, predicted that the annual inflation rate for 2025 would average out at around 2.6 percent. In March 2025, however, the OBR revised this figure upward, with annual inflation now expected to be 3.2 percent. This uptick in inflation is predicted to peak in the third quarter of the year at 3.7 percent before falling to two percent by the second quarter of 2026. Although this period of higher inflation is predicted to be far less severe than in 2022, it will no doubt put further pressure on households already struggling with their cost of living. Cost of living woes continue The share of UK households reporting that their cost of living was increasing has been steadily rising since Summer 2024. At that time, less than half of UK households reported rising costs, down from 91 percent two years earlier. As of March 2025, however, 59 percent of households said their costs were rising, the highest figure since 2023. Of these households, 93 percent reported that their food shop was increasing, with three quarters of them reporting higher energy costs. With higher inflation predicted in 2025, the pressure on UK households will likely continue, although a crisis on the scale of 2021-2023 will hopefully be avoided.

Measures of monthly UK inflation data including CPIH, CPI and RPI. These tables complement the consumer price inflation time series dataset.

United Kingdom Retail Price Index: Food: Potatoes: Unprocessed data was reported at 210.500 13Jan1987=100 in Jun 2018. This records a decrease from the previous number of 210.700 13Jan1987=100 for May 2018. United Kingdom Retail Price Index: Food: Potatoes: Unprocessed data is updated monthly, averaging 152.000 13Jan1987=100 from Jan 1987 (Median) to Jun 2018, with 378 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 273.300 13Jan1987=100 in Jul 2013 and a record low of 79.600 13Jan1987=100 in Jul 1988. United Kingdom Retail Price Index: Food: Potatoes: Unprocessed data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Office for National Statistics. The data is categorized under Global Database’s UK – Table UK.I011: Retail Price Index.

Inflation Rate in the United Kingdom decreased to 3.60 percent in October from 3.80 percent in September of 2025. This dataset provides - United Kingdom Inflation Rate - actual values, historical data, forecast, chart, statistics, economic calendar and news.

The UK inflation rate was 3.8 percent in September 2025, unchanged from the previous two months, and the fastest rate of inflation since January 2024. Between September 2022 and March 2023, the UK experienced seven months of double-digit inflation, which peaked at 11.1 percent in October 2022. Due to this long period of high inflation, UK consumer prices have increased by over 20 percent in the last three years. As of the most recent month, prices were rising fastest in the education sector, at 7.5 percent, with prices increasing at the slowest rate in the clothing and footwear sector. The Cost of Living Crisis High inflation is one of the main factors behind the ongoing Cost of Living Crisis in the UK, which, despite subsiding somewhat in 2024, is still impacting households going into 2025. In December 2024, for example, 56 percent of UK households reported their cost of living was increasing compared with the previous month, up from 45 percent in July, but far lower than at the height of the crisis in 2022. After global energy prices spiraled that year, the UK's energy price cap increased substantially. The cap, which limits what suppliers can charge consumers, reached 3,549 British pounds per year in October 2022, compared with 1,277 pounds a year earlier. Along with soaring food costs, high-energy bills have hit UK households hard, especially lower income ones that spend more of their earnings on housing costs. As a result of these factors, UK households experienced their biggest fall in living standards in decades in 2022/23. Global inflation crisis causes rapid surge in prices The UK's high inflation, and cost of living crisis in 2022 had its origins in the COVID-19 pandemic. Following the initial waves of the virus, global supply chains struggled to meet the renewed demand for goods and services. Food and energy prices, which were already high, increased further in 2022. Russia's invasion of Ukraine in February 2022 brought an end to the era of cheap gas flowing to European markets from Russia. The war also disrupted global food markets, as both Russia and Ukraine are major exporters of cereal crops. As a result of these factors, inflation surged across Europe and in other parts of the world, but typically declined in 2023, and approached more usual levels by 2024.

This table contains 30 series, with data for years 1986 - 2012 (not all combinations necessarily have data for all years), and was last released on 2013-01-09. This table contains data described by the following dimensions (Not all combinations are available): Geography (10 items: Canada; United States; France; United Kingdom ...), Consumer Price Index (CPI) (1 items: Consumer Price Index (CPI) ...), Base year (3 items: 1995=100; 2005=100; 2000=100 ...).

United Kingdom Retail Price Index: Fuel and Light: Gas data was reported at 379.700 13Jan1987=100 in Oct 2018. This records an increase from the previous number of 372.200 13Jan1987=100 for Sep 2018. United Kingdom Retail Price Index: Fuel and Light: Gas data is updated monthly, averaging 126.350 13Jan1987=100 from Jan 1987 (Median) to Oct 2018, with 382 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 403.600 13Jan1987=100 in Dec 2013 and a record low of 95.500 13Jan1987=100 in Mar 1988. United Kingdom Retail Price Index: Fuel and Light: Gas data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Office for National Statistics. The data is categorized under Global Database’s United Kingdom – Table UK.I011: Retail Price Index.

United Kingdom Retail Price Index: Weights: Motoring Exp: Purchase of Motor data was reported at 50.000 Per 1000 in 2018. This records an increase from the previous number of 46.000 Per 1000 for 2017. United Kingdom Retail Price Index: Weights: Motoring Exp: Purchase of Motor data is updated yearly, averaging 54.000 Per 1000 from Dec 1974 (Median) to 2018, with 45 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 67.000 Per 1000 in 1992 and a record low of 34.000 Per 1000 in 2013. United Kingdom Retail Price Index: Weights: Motoring Exp: Purchase of Motor data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Office for National Statistics. The data is categorized under Global Database’s UK – Table UK.I012: Retail Price Index: Weights.

Construction Output Price Indices (OPIs) from January 2014 to September 2025, UK. Summary

United Kingdom Retail Price Index: Fuel and Light: Oil and Other Fuels data was reported at 458.300 13Jan1987=100 in Jun 2018. This records a decrease from the previous number of 462.000 13Jan1987=100 for May 2018. United Kingdom Retail Price Index: Fuel and Light: Oil and Other Fuels data is updated monthly, averaging 159.000 13Jan1987=100 from Jan 1987 (Median) to Jun 2018, with 378 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 526.500 13Jan1987=100 in Feb 2013 and a record low of 83.600 13Jan1987=100 in Sep 1988. United Kingdom Retail Price Index: Fuel and Light: Oil and Other Fuels data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Office for National Statistics. The data is categorized under Global Database’s UK – Table UK.I011: Retail Price Index.

United Kingdom Retail Price Index: Food: Vegetables data was reported at 173.100 13Jan1987=100 in Jun 2018. This records a decrease from the previous number of 173.800 13Jan1987=100 for May 2018. United Kingdom Retail Price Index: Food: Vegetables data is updated monthly, averaging 127.800 13Jan1987=100 from Jan 1987 (Median) to Jun 2018, with 378 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 198.000 13Jan1987=100 in Apr 2013 and a record low of 96.300 13Jan1987=100 in Jul 1987. United Kingdom Retail Price Index: Food: Vegetables data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Office for National Statistics. The data is categorized under Global Database’s UK – Table UK.I011: Retail Price Index.

United Kingdom Retail Price Index: Food: Bread data was reported at 220.100 13Jan1987=100 in Oct 2018. This records a decrease from the previous number of 220.200 13Jan1987=100 for Sep 2018. United Kingdom Retail Price Index: Food: Bread data is updated monthly, averaging 143.650 13Jan1987=100 from Jan 1987 (Median) to Oct 2018, with 382 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 235.800 13Jan1987=100 in Jul 2013 and a record low of 99.800 13Jan1987=100 in Mar 1987. United Kingdom Retail Price Index: Food: Bread data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Office for National Statistics. The data is categorized under Global Database’s United Kingdom – Table UK.I011: Retail Price Index.

United Kingdom Retail Price Index: Food: Pork data was reported at 222.900 13Jan1987=100 in Sep 2018. This records an increase from the previous number of 217.700 13Jan1987=100 for Aug 2018. United Kingdom Retail Price Index: Food: Pork data is updated monthly, averaging 152.900 13Jan1987=100 from Jan 1987 (Median) to Sep 2018, with 381 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 245.600 13Jan1987=100 in Jan 2013 and a record low of 97.700 13Jan1987=100 in Feb 1987. United Kingdom Retail Price Index: Food: Pork data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Office for National Statistics. The data is categorized under Global Database’s UK – Table UK.I011: Retail Price Index.

Data relating to the price of houses sold in the Glasgow Area from the years 1991 - 2013.Some elements of the dataset are derived from information produced by Registers of ScotlandCLASS Administrative Classification onlySTNO Street NumberSTnu Street NumberFLATPOSN Flat PositionSTNAME Street NamePOSTCODE Post CodeMONTH OF SALE Month of SaleYEAR OF SALE (CALENDAR) YEAR OF SALE (CALENDAR)YEAR OF SALE (BUSINESS) YEAR OF SALE (BUSINESS)MONTH AND YEAR MONTH AND YEARQUARTER_(CALENDAR) QUARTER_(CALENDAR)ACTUAL PRICE AT POINT OF SALE Actual Price RPI Retail Price Index - Published every month and available for the last 20 yearsDEFLATOR Figure used to to determine change in house prices over time - calculated fromthe Retail Price Index and other dataPRICE CONSTANT AT July 2013 Actual Price multiplied by the Deflator. This is the price if RPI is applied to original sale price - How much would the property be valued at now. ORIGINOFBUY Council area or Country where the buyer comes fromOMIT OR USE Oroginal data also included retail and commercial data. - Not reproduced hereNEWBUILD OR RESALE Is it a newbuild house or a resaleLHF Local Housing Forum Area

Index Time Series for SPDR® MSCI World Consumer Staples UCITS ETF. The frequency of the observation is daily. Moving average series are also typically included. NA

United Kingdom Retail Price Index: Alcoholic Drink: Beer: Off Sales data was reported at 167.200 13Jan1987=100 in Oct 2018. This records a decrease from the previous number of 172.300 13Jan1987=100 for Sep 2018. United Kingdom Retail Price Index: Alcoholic Drink: Beer: Off Sales data is updated monthly, averaging 153.950 13Jan1987=100 from Jan 1987 (Median) to Oct 2018, with 382 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 175.100 13Jan1987=100 in Feb 2013 and a record low of 100.000 13Jan1987=100 in Jan 1987. United Kingdom Retail Price Index: Alcoholic Drink: Beer: Off Sales data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Office for National Statistics. The data is categorized under Global Database’s United Kingdom – Table UK.I011: Retail Price Index.

United Kingdom Retail Price Index: Food: Potatoes data was reported at 228.400 13Jan1987=100 in Oct 2018. This records an increase from the previous number of 225.900 13Jan1987=100 for Sep 2018. United Kingdom Retail Price Index: Food: Potatoes data is updated monthly, averaging 156.550 13Jan1987=100 from Jan 1987 (Median) to Oct 2018, with 382 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 255.900 13Jan1987=100 in Jul 2013 and a record low of 90.200 13Jan1987=100 in Jul 1988. United Kingdom Retail Price Index: Food: Potatoes data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Office for National Statistics. The data is categorized under Global Database’s United Kingdom – Table UK.I011: Retail Price Index.

United Kingdom Retail Price Index: 2005=100: Fuel: Fuel & Light data was reported at 207.927 2005=100 in Sep 2013. This records an increase from the previous number of 207.426 2005=100 for Jun 2013. United Kingdom Retail Price Index: 2005=100: Fuel: Fuel & Light data is updated quarterly, averaging 77.096 2005=100 from Mar 1970 (Median) to Sep 2013, with 175 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 207.927 2005=100 in Sep 2013 and a record low of 9.360 2005=100 in Sep 1970. United Kingdom Retail Price Index: 2005=100: Fuel: Fuel & Light data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Department for Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy. The data is categorized under Global Database’s United Kingdom – Table UK.RB018: Fuel Overview.

United Kingdom UK: Producer Price Index: Output Manufacturing Product data was reported at 110.518 2010=100 in Mar 2018. This records an increase from the previous number of 110.285 2010=100 for Dec 2017. United Kingdom UK: Producer Price Index: Output Manufacturing Product data is updated quarterly, averaging 57.488 2010=100 from Mar 1957 (Median) to Mar 2018, with 245 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 115.419 2010=100 in Sep 2013 and a record low of 7.724 2010=100 in Mar 1957. United Kingdom UK: Producer Price Index: Output Manufacturing Product data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by International Monetary Fund. The data is categorized under Global Database’s United Kingdom – Table UK.IMF.IFS: Consumer and Producer Price Index: Quarterly.