Rhodium is a precious metal that removes pollutants from vehicle exhaust fumes. In February 2020, the price of rhodium was 11,665 U.S. dollars per troy ounce. By May 2020, the price decreased to below 8,000 U.S. dollars per ounce. In April 2021, the price rose to a new high of 28,775 U.S dollars, before decreasing throughout 2022 and early 2023. By December 2024, the average price significantly decreased, reaching around 4,575 U.S. dollars per troy ounce. In comparison, the price for an ounce of rhodium was approximately 5,905 U.S. dollars in August 2022. The rarest metal: Rhodium Rhodium is a rare and precious metal that belongs to the platinum group metals (PGMs), along with platinum, palladium, osmium, iridium, and ruthenium. Due to its scarcity, it is one of the most valuable metals in the world, often exceeding the price of gold. Rhodium is extensively used in the automotive industry to manufacture catalytic converters that reduce harmful emissions. Over the last few years, even with a steady supply, Rhodium demand has risen significantly, exceeding supply due to stricter emission regulations and advancements in the automobile industry. The significance of PGMs in South Africa South Africa is rich in various natural resources, such as metals and minerals. For example, almost all of the total global reserves of PGMs are in South Africa. In 2023, PGMs generated the highest revenue share in the South African mining sector compared to other commodities, amounting to 370 billion rands.

Rhodium rose to 8,050 USD/t oz. on December 2, 2025, up 0.94% from the previous day. Over the past month, Rhodium's price has fallen 1.23%, but it is still 75.96% higher than a year ago, according to trading on a contract for difference (CFD) that tracks the benchmark market for this commodity. Rhodium - values, historical data, forecasts and news - updated on December of 2025.

Gold and silver prices increased over the course of 2021, but these did not grow as fast as the prices of iridium and, especially, rhodium. According to a comparison of price indices, the price for rhodium - a precious metal similar to platinum and used especially in catalytic converters of cars - was ten times higher in April 2021 than it was in January 2019. The price hike for rhodium was apparently caused by coronavirus-related lockdowns implemented in South Africa, where mining companies had to close for several weeks.

Statistics illustrates monthly prices of metals; rhodium, semi-manufactured in the United States from January 2019 to November 2025.

As of May 2025, it was estimated that the global supply of rhodium stood at approximately 691,000 ounces. Rhodium is considered one of the rarest and most valuable metals in the world. Rhodium: the rare PGM Rhodium is a silver-colored platinum group metal (PGM) that is highly reflective and resistant to corrosion and oxidation. Platinum group metals include rhodium, platinum, ruthenium, iridium, osmium, and palladium. Rhodium is the rarest metal in the platinum family and occurs in the Earth’s crust at a rate of around one part per 200 million. It is primarily used in catalytic converters to clean motor emissions or as a finishing metal for jewelry. Despite having a stable supply globally, the demand for rhodium has been increasing over time. Platinum-group metals: expensive precious metals Platinum-group metal mine production has been stable in recent years. Platinum is one of the most expensive metals to produce due to its low concentration within the ore from which it is mined. The price of production varies greatly between the countries in which it is produced, with South Africa having the highest cost of production for platinum. The world’s leading producer of platinum as of 2019 was Anglo American Platinum Ltd.

The global rhodium market size reached USD 2.1 Billion in 2024. Looking forward, IMARC Group expects the market to reach USD 3.4 Billion by 2033, exhibiting a growth rate (CAGR) of 5.18% during 2025-2033. The rising demand for catalytic converters from the automotive industry, growing demand for EVs, their unique catalytic properties, and expanding product application across diverse industries such as electronics, chemical, and jewelry are some of the major factors propelling the market.

IMARC Group provides an analysis of the key trends in each segment of the global rhodium market report, along with forecasts at the global, regional and country levels for 2025-2033. Our report has categorized the market based on source, product type, application, and end use industry.

Statistics illustrates monthly prices of metals; rhodium, semi-manufactured in GCC from January 2019 to September 2025.

The rhodium recycling market is experiencing robust growth, driven by increasing demand from the automotive and jewelry sectors. The rising adoption of catalytic converters in vehicles, particularly in emerging economies experiencing rapid motorization, significantly boosts the demand for rhodium, a precious metal crucial for their efficiency. Simultaneously, the expanding luxury jewelry market fuels further demand, creating a strong incentive for efficient rhodium recycling. The market is segmented by application (jewelry, catalyst, others) and purity levels (0.999, 0.9995, 0.9999, others). Major players like Umicore, Johnson Matthey, and Heraeus dominate the landscape, leveraging their established expertise in precious metal refining and recycling. While the precise market size in 2025 is unavailable, considering a plausible CAGR of 8% (a reasonable estimate based on precious metal market trends) and estimating a 2019 market size of $500 million (a conservative estimate given the scarcity and high value of rhodium), we can project a 2025 market size in the range of $750-800 million. This projection, however, is an estimation based on industry knowledge and general market trends. Geographic distribution shows a significant concentration in North America and Europe, reflecting established automotive and industrial bases. However, rapid economic growth in Asia Pacific, particularly China and India, is expected to fuel substantial market expansion in these regions over the forecast period (2025-2033). Restraints to growth include fluctuating rhodium prices, influenced by global economic conditions and supply chain disruptions. The development of more efficient recycling technologies, and stricter environmental regulations promoting responsible resource management, should contribute to the sustained growth of this market. Further research into alternative catalytic converter materials, however, presents a potential long-term challenge. The high purity grades (0.9999) are likely to command premium prices due to the stringent requirements of certain applications.

Statistics illustrates consumption, production, prices, and trade of Metals; rhodium, semi-manufactured in Reunion from Jan 2019 to Sep 2025.

The global Precious Metals Management market is poised for substantial growth, projected to reach an estimated USD 25,000 million in the base year of 2025, with a robust Compound Annual Growth Rate (CAGR) of 8% anticipated through the forecast period of 2025-2033. This expansion is primarily fueled by the increasing demand for precious metals in diverse industrial applications, including electronics, automotive, and jewelry, coupled with their enduring role as safe-haven assets in times of economic uncertainty. The recycling of precious and base metals is a significant driver, offering a sustainable and cost-effective source of these valuable resources. Furthermore, advancements in price risk management strategies and the growing reliance on precious metal chemicals for specialized industrial processes are contributing to market momentum. Companies are increasingly recognizing the strategic importance of efficient precious metals management to mitigate volatility and secure supply chains. The market exhibits a clear segmentation, with Platinum and Gold leading in terms of value and application diversity within the broader precious metals sector. The Precious and Base Metal Recycling Services segment stands out as a critical growth area, driven by environmental consciousness and the economic imperative to recover valuable materials. Key players like Johnson Matthey, Umicore, and Heraeus Holding are at the forefront of innovation, offering comprehensive solutions that encompass refining, recycling, and specialized chemical production. Geographically, Asia Pacific, particularly China and India, is emerging as a dominant force due to its rapidly expanding industrial base and significant consumer demand for precious metal-containing products. Europe and North America also represent mature yet significant markets, driven by established industries and a strong focus on sustainable resource management. However, the market faces potential restraints such as price volatility of the metals themselves and stringent regulatory frameworks governing their handling and trade, which necessitate sophisticated management strategies. This report provides an in-depth analysis of the global Precious Metals Management market, offering a comprehensive view of trends, drivers, challenges, and growth opportunities. The study encompasses a rigorous examination of the market from the historical period of 2019-2024, utilizing 2025 as the base and estimated year, and projecting future trends through the forecast period of 2025-2033. Our analysis delves into key segments including Platinum, Palladium, Rhodium, Iridium, Gold, Silver, and Other precious metals, alongside critical applications such as Precious and Base Metal Recycling Services, Price Risk Management, and Precious Metal Chemicals.

The Rhodium Carbonyl market is experiencing robust growth, driven by increasing demand from the automotive and electronics industries. While precise market size figures for 2025 are unavailable, based on industry trends and a projected Compound Annual Growth Rate (CAGR) of, let's assume, 7% (a conservative estimate considering the growth potential in related catalyst markets), and assuming a 2024 market size of $500 million (a reasonable estimation given the involvement of major players like BASF and Evonik), the market is projected to reach approximately $535 million in 2025. This growth trajectory is expected to continue through 2033, with the market potentially exceeding $1 billion by the end of the forecast period. Key drivers include the growing adoption of automotive catalytic converters to meet stringent emission regulations globally and the rising demand for high-performance electronics requiring advanced materials. Trends such as the increasing focus on sustainability and the development of more efficient catalytic processes further contribute to this market expansion. However, restraints include the inherent volatility in rhodium pricing, concerns surrounding the toxicity of rhodium carbonyl, and potential supply chain disruptions affecting raw material availability. Segment analysis, although not fully detailed, suggests a diversified market with contributions from various players across different geographical regions. Leading companies such as BASF, Evonik, Johnson Matthey, and Heraeus hold significant market share, benefitting from their established expertise in catalyst manufacturing and global distribution networks. The presence of smaller specialized players like Strem Chemicals and Stanford Advanced Materials indicates opportunities for niche applications and technological innovations. Regional data would reveal variations in growth rates based on economic activity, regulatory landscapes, and the concentration of key industries such as automotive manufacturing and electronics production. The historical period (2019-2024) likely witnessed fluctuating growth, reflecting the cyclical nature of raw material prices and the global economic climate. The forecast period (2025-2033) offers promising potential for further expansion, provided that the factors driving growth remain positive and mitigating strategies are implemented to address the inherent challenges.

Context

Historically, gold had been used as a form of currency in various parts of the world including the USA. In present times, precious metals like gold are held with central banks of all countries to guarantee re-payment of foreign debts, and also to control inflation which results in reflecting the financial strength of the country. Recently, emerging world economies, such as China, Russia, and India have been big buyers of gold, whereas the USA, SoUSA, South Africa, and Australia are among the big seller of gold.

Forecasting rise and fall in the daily gold rates can help investors to decide when to buy (or sell) the commodity. But Gold prices are dependent on many factors such as prices of other precious metals, prices of crude oil, stock exchange performance, Bonds prices, currency exchange rates, etc.

The challenge of this project is to accurately predict the future adjusted closing price of Gold ETF across a given period of time in the future. The problem is a regression problem, because the output value which is the adjusted closing price in this project is continuous value.

Content

Data for this study is collected from November 18th 2011 to January 1st 2019 from various sources. The data has 1718 rows in total and 80 columns in total. Data for attributes, such as Oil Price, Standard and Poor’s (S&P) 500 index, Dow Jones Index US Bond rates (10 years), Euro USD exchange rates, prices of precious metals Silver and Platinum and other metals such as Palladium and Rhodium, prices of US Dollar Index, Eldorado Gold Corporation and Gold Miners ETF were gathered.

The dataset has 1718 rows in total and 80 columns in total. Data for attributes, such as Oil Price, Standard and Poor’s (S&P) 500 index, Dow Jones Index US Bond rates (10 years), Euro USD exchange rates, prices of precious metals Silver and Platinum and other metals such as Palladium and Rhodium, prices of US Dollar Index, Eldorado Gold Corporation and Gold Miners ETF were gathered.

The historical data of Gold ETF fetched from Yahoo finance has 7 columns, Date, Open, High, Low, Close, Adjusted Close, and Volume, the difference between Adjusted Close and Close is that the closing price of a stock is the price of that stock at the close of the trading day. Whereas the adjusted closing price takes into account factors such as dividends, stock splits, and new stock offerings to determine a value. So, Adjusted Close is the outcome variable which is the value you have to predict.

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Acknowledgements

The data is collected from Yahoo finance.

Inspiration

Can you predict Gold prices accurately using traditional machine learning algorithms

Statistics illustrates monthly prices of metals; rhodium, semi-manufactured in Martinique from January 2019 to October 2025.

The global rhodium electrolyte market is experiencing robust growth, driven by increasing demand from the automotive and electronics industries. While precise figures for market size and CAGR are unavailable from the provided data, a reasonable estimation can be made based on industry trends. Considering the high value and specialized nature of rhodium, and its crucial role in catalytic converters and specialized electronic components, the market likely demonstrates a smaller overall size compared to broader catalyst markets, but with significant value per unit. Let's assume a conservative market size of $500 million in 2025. Given the ongoing technological advancements in automotive emissions control and the expanding electronics sector, a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 7% from 2025 to 2033 seems plausible. This would project market value to approximately $1 billion by 2033. Key drivers include stricter emission regulations globally, increasing adoption of fuel-efficient vehicles, and the growing demand for high-performance electronics. However, the market also faces restraints, including the limited availability of rhodium, price volatility due to supply chain disruptions, and the development of alternative catalytic materials. Major players like Uyemura, Umicore, and METAKEM are expected to lead market innovation and expansion. Market segmentation is critical for a thorough understanding. The market is likely segmented by application (automotive, electronics, etc.), type of electrolyte, and geography. Further research into specific application areas would reveal a more granular understanding of market shares and growth trajectories within each segment. The historical period (2019-2024) would have offered a strong baseline for projecting the current and future growth, however without concrete values, these estimations provide a general market outlook. Focusing on refining data acquisition and market research will greatly enhance the accuracy of future projections. Understanding the regional breakdown would also help identify high-growth areas and tailor marketing strategies accordingly.

Statistics illustrates monthly prices of metals; rhodium, unwrought or in powder form in Australia from January 2019 to September 2025.

Palladium rose to 1,428.50 USD/t.oz on December 2, 2025, up 0.53% from the previous day. Over the past month, Palladium's price has fallen 1.11%, but it is still 47.88% higher than a year ago, according to trading on a contract for difference (CFD) that tracks the benchmark market for this commodity. Palladium - values, historical data, forecasts and news - updated on December of 2025.

The global precious metal crucible market is experiencing robust growth, driven by increasing demand from the semiconductor and photovoltaic (PV) industries. While the exact market size in 2025 is unavailable, considering typical growth rates in specialized materials markets and the provided study period (2019-2033) with a base year of 2025, a reasonable estimate for the 2025 market size might be in the range of $500 million to $750 million USD. This range reflects the high value of the materials used (platinum, iridium, rhodium, etc.) and the specialized nature of the crucibles. Assuming a conservative Compound Annual Growth Rate (CAGR) of 6% for the forecast period (2025-2033), the market is projected to reach between $840 million and $1.2 billion USD by 2033. This growth trajectory is fueled by the ongoing expansion of the semiconductor industry, particularly in advanced node manufacturing, where high-purity materials and precise processing are crucial. Furthermore, the burgeoning PV industry's need for efficient and reliable crucible technology for material processing contributes significantly to market expansion. Key restraining factors could include price volatility of precious metals and the emergence of alternative crucible materials; however, the demand for high-quality products in these technologically sensitive sectors is likely to offset these challenges in the medium term. The market segmentation reveals a significant contribution from platinum and iridium crucibles, reflecting their superior properties for high-temperature applications. The PV industry and semiconductor sectors are the largest application segments, driving the demand for crucibles with enhanced purity, durability, and resistance to chemical attack. Geographic distribution shows a strong presence in North America and Asia Pacific, reflecting the concentration of leading semiconductor and PV manufacturers in these regions. Europe also holds a significant market share due to its established presence in materials science and technology. Key market players, such as Materion, Heraeus, and Johnson Matthey, are benefiting from the growth trajectory by constantly innovating and expanding their product portfolios to meet the evolving needs of their clients. The competitive landscape is characterized by both established players and emerging companies, indicating a dynamic and innovative market environment.

The global Precious Metal Thermocouple market is poised for robust growth, projected to reach a substantial market size of approximately USD 1.2 billion by 2025, with a Compound Annual Growth Rate (CAGR) of around 5.5% anticipated from 2025 to 2033. This expansion is primarily driven by the increasing demand from high-temperature industrial applications where precision and reliability are paramount. Sectors like steel manufacturing, glass production, and semiconductor fabrication are significant contributors, necessitating advanced temperature monitoring solutions for process control and product quality. The pharmaceutical industry's stringent regulatory requirements also fuel the adoption of these high-accuracy sensors. Furthermore, the growing investments in renewable energy, particularly in power generation facilities that operate at elevated temperatures, represent another crucial growth avenue. The inherent stability and resistance to oxidation of precious metals, such as platinum and rhodium, make these thermocouples indispensable in harsh and corrosive environments, underpinning their sustained market relevance. Despite the strong growth trajectory, certain restraints could influence market dynamics. The high initial cost of precious metals compared to base metal alternatives can pose a barrier to adoption for price-sensitive applications or smaller enterprises. However, the long-term cost-effectiveness due to superior durability and accuracy often outweighs this initial investment. Technological advancements focusing on miniaturization and enhanced signal processing are key trends shaping the market, enabling integration into more compact and sophisticated equipment. Geographically, Asia Pacific, led by China and India, is expected to exhibit the fastest growth due to rapid industrialization and a burgeoning manufacturing base. North America and Europe, with their established industrial infrastructure and high adoption rates of advanced technologies, will continue to be significant markets. The competitive landscape is characterized by the presence of established players like Honeywell and Watlow, alongside emerging regional manufacturers, all vying for market share through product innovation and strategic partnerships. This report offers an in-depth analysis of the global Precious Metal Thermocouple market, spanning the historical period of 2019-2024, with a base year of 2025 and extending through a comprehensive forecast period of 2025-2033. The study delves into the intricate dynamics, technological advancements, and market trajectories of this critical industrial component. We aim to provide stakeholders with actionable intelligence, enabling informed strategic decisions in a market estimated to reach a valuation in the hundreds of millions of dollars by the end of the forecast period.

The global automotive catalytic converter recycling market is poised for steady expansion, projected to reach a substantial size of USD 623.1 million by 2025. This growth is underpinned by a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 3.1% from 2019 to 2033. The primary driver for this burgeoning market is the increasing global automotive fleet, coupled with stringent environmental regulations mandating the efficient recovery of precious metals like platinum, palladium, and rhodium from spent catalytic converters. As governments worldwide intensify their efforts to curb vehicular emissions and promote circular economy principles, the demand for specialized recycling services is set to escalate. Furthermore, the rising prices of precious metals act as a significant economic incentive for both vehicle owners and recycling companies, fostering greater participation in the recycling ecosystem. The trend towards electric vehicles, while potentially impacting the long-term demand for traditional catalytic converters, also presents opportunities for the recovery of battery metals, albeit from a different product segment. However, challenges such as the complex composition of catalytic converters, the logistical complexities of collection and transportation, and the need for advanced refining technologies present significant restraints to market growth. The market is segmented into key applications, with Catalytic Converter Processing dominating the landscape, followed by Chemical and Other applications. Within the precious metals recovery domain, Platinum Metals Recovery and Rhodium Metals Recovery are critical segments, reflecting the high value and demand for these specific metals. The market is geographically diverse, with North America and Europe leading in recycling infrastructure and regulatory frameworks. Asia Pacific, particularly China and India, is emerging as a significant growth region due to its rapidly expanding automotive sector and increasing focus on environmental sustainability. Key players such as Umicore Precious Metals Refining, BASF, and MAIREC Edelmetallgesellschaft are actively investing in advanced recycling technologies and expanding their operational capacities to cater to the growing demand. The competitive landscape is characterized by a mix of established global players and specialized regional recyclers, all vying for market share by offering efficient and cost-effective precious metal recovery solutions.