Panama PA: Rural Land Area data was reported at 71,714.313 sq km in 2010. This stayed constant from the previous number of 71,714.313 sq km for 2000. Panama PA: Rural Land Area data is updated yearly, averaging 71,714.313 sq km from Dec 1990 (Median) to 2010, with 3 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 71,714.313 sq km in 2010 and a record low of 71,714.313 sq km in 2010. Panama PA: Rural Land Area data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Panama – Table PA.World Bank: Land Use, Protected Areas and National Wealth. Rural land area in square kilometers, derived from urban extent grids which distinguish urban and rural areas based on a combination of population counts (persons), settlement points, and the presence of Nighttime Lights. Areas are defined as urban where contiguous lighted cells from the Nighttime Lights or approximated urban extents based on buffered settlement points for which the total population is greater than 5,000 persons.; ; Center for International Earth Science Information Network (CIESIN)/Columbia University. 2013. Urban-Rural Population and Land Area Estimates Version 2. Palisades, NY: NASA Socioeconomic Data and Applications Center (SEDAC). http://sedac.ciesin.columbia.edu/data/set/lecz-urban-rural-population-land-area-estimates-v2.; Sum;

Panama PA: Rural Land Area Where Elevation is Below 5 Meters: % of Total Land Area data was reported at 1.573 % in 2010. This stayed constant from the previous number of 1.573 % for 2000. Panama PA: Rural Land Area Where Elevation is Below 5 Meters: % of Total Land Area data is updated yearly, averaging 1.573 % from Dec 1990 (Median) to 2010, with 3 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 1.573 % in 2010 and a record low of 1.573 % in 2010. Panama PA: Rural Land Area Where Elevation is Below 5 Meters: % of Total Land Area data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Panama – Table PA.World Bank.WDI: Land Use, Protected Areas and National Wealth. Rural land area below 5m is the percentage of total land where the rural land elevation is 5 meters or less.; ; Center for International Earth Science Information Network (CIESIN)/Columbia University. 2013. Urban-Rural Population and Land Area Estimates Version 2. Palisades, NY: NASA Socioeconomic Data and Applications Center (SEDAC). http://sedac.ciesin.columbia.edu/data/set/lecz-urban-rural-population-land-area-estimates-v2.; Weighted average;

BackgroundHealth benefits are associated with physical activity (PA) and PA levels. This study aims to explore the impact of PA levels (low, moderate, high) on health-related quality of life (HRQoL) among rural junior high school students in China, as well as the moderating role of parental co-participation in physical activities.MethodsA stratified cluster sampling method was used to select 1,440 junior high school students from rural areas in southwest China. A total of 1,181 students completed the questionnaire, with a completion rate of 82.0%, including 608 boys (51.45%). HRQoL was measured using the Chinese version of the PedsQL 4.0, and PA levels was analyzed using the IPAQ-SF. T-tests, chi-square tests, linear regression, and two-way ANOVA were used for statistical analysis.ResultsThe results showed that 81.8% of rural junior high school students participated in moderate PA and high PA, with 82.3% of boys and 81.2% of girls. In both unadjusted and adjusted models, compared to low PA, students participating in moderate PA and high PA had significantly higher HRQoL scores in all dimensions, summary scales, and total scales, with the high PA showing particularly higher scores. Parental co-participation significantly moderated the relationship between PA and HRQoL (F = 13.569, p 

Panama PA: Rural Population Living in Areas Where Elevation is Below 5 Meters: % of Total Population data was reported at 1.410 % in 2010. This records a decrease from the previous number of 1.482 % for 2000. Panama PA: Rural Population Living in Areas Where Elevation is Below 5 Meters: % of Total Population data is updated yearly, averaging 1.482 % from Dec 1990 (Median) to 2010, with 3 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 1.743 % in 1990 and a record low of 1.410 % in 2010. Panama PA: Rural Population Living in Areas Where Elevation is Below 5 Meters: % of Total Population data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Panama – Table PA.World Bank.WDI: Land Use, Protected Areas and National Wealth. Rural population below 5m is the percentage of the total population, living in areas where the elevation is 5 meters or less.; ; Center for International Earth Science Information Network (CIESIN)/Columbia University. 2013. Urban-Rural Population and Land Area Estimates Version 2. Palisades, NY: NASA Socioeconomic Data and Applications Center (SEDAC). http://sedac.ciesin.columbia.edu/data/set/lecz-urban-rural-population-land-area-estimates-v2.; Weighted average;

BackgroundAntiretroviral therapy (ART) has led to diminishing AIDS-related mortality but a concomitant increase in non-communicable diseases (NCDs) for people with HIV (PWH). Whereas physical activity (PA) has been shown to help prevent NCDs and NCD outcomes in other settings, there are few data on PA and its correlates among PWH in high-endemic settings. We aimed to compare PA by HIV serostatus in rural Uganda.MethodsWe analysed data from the UGANDAC study, an observational cohort including PWH in ambulatory HIV care in Mbarara, Uganda, and age- and gender-matched people without HIV (PWOH). Our primary outcome of interest was PA, which we assessed using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire and considered as a continuous measure of metabolic equivalents in minutes/week (MET-min/week). Our primary exposure of interest was HIV serostatus. We fit univariable and multivariable linear regression models to estimate the relationship between HIV and PA levels, with and without addition of sociodemographic and clinical correlates of PA (MET-min/week). In secondary analyses, we explored relationships restricted to rural residents, and interactions between gender and serostatus.ResultsWe enrolled 309 participants, evenly divided by serostatus and gender. The mean age of PWH was 52 [standard deviation (SD) 7.2] and 52.6 (SD 7.3) for PWOH. In general, participants engaged in high levels of PA regardless of serostatus, with 81.2% (251/309) meeting criteria for high PA. However, PWOH reported higher mean levels of PA met-minutes/week than PWH (9,128 vs 7,152, p ≤ 0.001), and a greater proportion of PWOH (88.3%; 136/154) met the criteria for high PA compared to PWH (74.2%; 115/155). In adjusted models, lower levels of PA persisted among PWH (β = −1,734, 95% CI: −2,645, −824, p ≤ 0.001). Results were similar in a sensitivity analysis limited to people living in rural areas.ConclusionIn a rural Ugandan cohort, PWOH had higher levels of PA than PWH. Interventions that encourage PA among PWH may have a role in improving NCD risk profiles among PWH in the region.

Panama PA: Urban Land Area Where Elevation is Below 5 Meters data was reported at 80.486 sq km in 2010. This stayed constant from the previous number of 80.486 sq km for 2000. Panama PA: Urban Land Area Where Elevation is Below 5 Meters data is updated yearly, averaging 80.486 sq km from Dec 1990 (Median) to 2010, with 3 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 80.486 sq km in 2010 and a record low of 80.486 sq km in 2010. Panama PA: Urban Land Area Where Elevation is Below 5 Meters data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Panama – Table PA.World Bank: Land Use, Protected Areas and National Wealth. Urban land area below 5m is the total urban land area in square kilometers where the elevation is 5 meters or less.; ; Center for International Earth Science Information Network (CIESIN)/Columbia University. 2013. Urban-Rural Population and Land Area Estimates Version 2. Palisades, NY: NASA Socioeconomic Data and Applications Center (SEDAC). http://sedac.ciesin.columbia.edu/data/set/lecz-urban-rural-population-land-area-estimates-v2.; Sum;

Panama PA: Population Living in Areas Where Elevation is Below 5 Meters: % of Total Population data was reported at 3.010 % in 2010. This records a decrease from the previous number of 3.028 % for 2000. Panama PA: Population Living in Areas Where Elevation is Below 5 Meters: % of Total Population data is updated yearly, averaging 3.016 % from Dec 1990 (Median) to 2010, with 3 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 3.028 % in 2000 and a record low of 3.010 % in 2010. Panama PA: Population Living in Areas Where Elevation is Below 5 Meters: % of Total Population data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Panama – Table PA.World Bank: Land Use, Protected Areas and National Wealth. Population below 5m is the percentage of the total population living in areas where the elevation is 5 meters or less.; ; Center for International Earth Science Information Network (CIESIN)/Columbia University. 2013. Urban-Rural Population and Land Area Estimates Version 2. Palisades, NY: NASA Socioeconomic Data and Applications Center (SEDAC). http://sedac.ciesin.columbia.edu/data/set/lecz-urban-rural-population-land-area-estimates-v2.; Weighted Average;

Association of poor PA with the employees’ characteristics.

Panama PA: Urban Land Area data was reported at 2,892.144 sq km in 2010. This stayed constant from the previous number of 2,892.144 sq km for 2000. Panama PA: Urban Land Area data is updated yearly, averaging 2,892.144 sq km from Dec 1990 (Median) to 2010, with 3 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 2,892.144 sq km in 2010 and a record low of 2,892.144 sq km in 2010. Panama PA: Urban Land Area data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Panama – Table PA.World Bank.WDI: Land Use, Protected Areas and National Wealth. Urban land area in square kilometers, based on a combination of population counts (persons), settlement points, and the presence of Nighttime Lights. Areas are defined as urban where contiguous lighted cells from the Nighttime Lights or approximated urban extents based on buffered settlement points for which the total population is greater than 5,000 persons.; ; Center for International Earth Science Information Network (CIESIN)/Columbia University. 2013. Urban-Rural Population and Land Area Estimates Version 2. Palisades, NY: NASA Socioeconomic Data and Applications Center (SEDAC). http://sedac.ciesin.columbia.edu/data/set/lecz-urban-rural-population-land-area-estimates-v2.; Sum;

Panama PA: Urban Population Living in Areas Where Elevation is Below 5 meters: % of Total Population data was reported at 1.600 % in 2010. This records an increase from the previous number of 1.546 % for 2000. Panama PA: Urban Population Living in Areas Where Elevation is Below 5 meters: % of Total Population data is updated yearly, averaging 1.546 % from Dec 1990 (Median) to 2010, with 3 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 1.600 % in 2010 and a record low of 1.273 % in 1990. Panama PA: Urban Population Living in Areas Where Elevation is Below 5 meters: % of Total Population data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Panama – Table PA.World Bank: Land Use, Protected Areas and National Wealth. Urban population below 5m is the percentage of the total population, living in areas where the elevation is 5 meters or less.; ; Center for International Earth Science Information Network (CIESIN)/Columbia University. 2013. Urban-Rural Population and Land Area Estimates Version 2. Palisades, NY: NASA Socioeconomic Data and Applications Center (SEDAC). http://sedac.ciesin.columbia.edu/data/set/lecz-urban-rural-population-land-area-estimates-v2.; Weighted Average;

Panama PA: Urban Land Area Where Elevation is Below 5 Meters: % of Total Land Area data was reported at 0.108 % in 2010. This stayed constant from the previous number of 0.108 % for 2000. Panama PA: Urban Land Area Where Elevation is Below 5 Meters: % of Total Land Area data is updated yearly, averaging 0.108 % from Dec 1990 (Median) to 2010, with 3 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 0.108 % in 2010 and a record low of 0.108 % in 2010. Panama PA: Urban Land Area Where Elevation is Below 5 Meters: % of Total Land Area data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Panama – Table PA.World Bank: Land Use, Protected Areas and National Wealth. Urban land area below 5m is the percentage of total land where the urban land elevation is 5 meters or less.; ; Center for International Earth Science Information Network (CIESIN)/Columbia University. 2013. Urban-Rural Population and Land Area Estimates Version 2. Palisades, NY: NASA Socioeconomic Data and Applications Center (SEDAC). http://sedac.ciesin.columbia.edu/data/set/lecz-urban-rural-population-land-area-estimates-v2.; Weighted Average;