The price of gas in the United Kingdom was *** British pence per therm in the fourth quarter of 2024. It is anticipated gas prices will increase to *** pence in the second quarter of 2025 before gradually falling to just under ** pence by the second quarter of 2027.
Surging energy costs and the cost of living crisis At the height of the UK's cost of living crisis in 2022, approximately ** percent of UK households were experiencing rising prices compared with the previous month. It was during 2022 that the UK's CPI inflation rate reached a peak of **** percent, in October of that year. Food and energy, in particular, were the main drivers of inflation during this period, with energy inflation reaching **** percent, and food prices increasing by **** percent at the height of the crisis. Although prices fell to more expected levels by 2024, an uptick in inflation is forecast for 2025, with prices rising by *** percent in the third quarter of the year. Global Inflation Crisis The UK was not alone in suffering rapid inflation during this time period, with several countries across the world experiencing an inflation crisis. The roots of the crisis began as the global economy gradually emerged from the COVID-19 pandemic in 2021. Blocked-up supply chains, struggled to recover as quickly as consumer demand, with food and energy prices also facing upward pressure. Russia's invasion of Ukraine in February 2022 led to Europe gradually weening itself of cheap Russian energy exports, while for several months Ukraine struggled to export crucial food supplies to the rest of the World.

This database compiles policy responses implemented across Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC) in response to the global food price crises of 2008, 2011, and 2022. It provides a structured overview of policy measures adopted by governments to mitigate the impacts of rising food prices. The dataset classifies responses by social protection area, category, and sub-category and includes key attributes such as:

• Whether the intervention was new or an adaptation of a pre-existing program.
• The status of the program as of May 2023.
• Whether the measure was targeted or universal.
• The source of the information for each policy response.

This database serves as a resource for policymakers, researchers, and development practitioners seeking to analyze past policy actions and inform future policy responses to food price shocks.

This work was conducted as part of the World Bank Working Group on Food and Fuel Prices and Inflation in Latin America and the Caribbean.

The food inflation in India fell to ***** percent year-on-year in July 2025. In 2024, the food inflation peaked in October at about ** percent. Impact of inflation Inflation is a key economic indicator of an economy, influencing purchasing power, investments, and economic growth. The rise in food prices, which comprise about **** of the consumer price index (CPI) basket, affects large sections of the Indian population. Supply chain disruptions, increased cost of production, global market dependency, weather conditions, and government policies on minimum support prices are some reasons leading to food inflation. TOP drivers of food inflation Price-sensitive vegetables viz. tomato, onion, and potato (TOP) were the leading drivers of food inflation as per the Economic Survey for the financial year 2025. Experts argue that price pressures are not mainly due to a shortfall in production but post-harvest losses, seasonal production, and regional dispersion in production.  

The global market for mobile food service, specifically focusing on hamburgers and hot dogs, is experiencing robust growth, driven by several key factors. Increased consumer demand for convenient and affordable meal options, particularly among younger demographics, fuels this expansion. The rise of food truck festivals and events further contributes to market visibility and sales. Technological advancements, such as mobile payment systems and online ordering platforms, streamline operations and enhance customer experiences. Furthermore, the adaptability of food trucks to various locations and events allows operators to optimize revenue streams. While precise market sizing for this niche is unavailable in the provided data, reasonable estimations based on broader food service trends suggest a market size of approximately $5 billion USD in 2025, growing at a conservative Compound Annual Growth Rate (CAGR) of 7% annually. This growth is tempered by factors such as rising food costs, increasing competition from established fast-food chains and other mobile food vendors, and fluctuating fuel prices affecting operational costs. Market segmentation is crucial. Analyzing sub-segments like gourmet burgers versus classic offerings, or regional variations influencing menu choices, reveals opportunities for specialized food trucks to capture market share. Successful businesses focus on high-quality ingredients, efficient operations, and strategic marketing to build brand loyalty. Despite challenges, the food truck industry shows resilience. Adaptability in menus, innovative marketing strategies, and embracing technological advancements will be key to success in this competitive and dynamic environment. Strategic partnerships, such as those with event organizers or delivery platforms, also contribute significantly to market penetration and increased brand awareness.

The average inflation rate of Czechia was forecast to reach 10.66 percent in 2023. This would mean a decrease of 4.44 percent compared to the previous year. However, inflation was forecast to decrease continuously between 2024 and 2030 by 14.3 percentage points. The average inflation rate is estimated to amount to two percent in 2030.This indicator measures inflation based on the year-on-year change in the average consumer price index. The latter expresses a country's average level of prices based on a typical basket of consumer goods and services. The values shown here refer to the year-on-year change in this index measure, expressed in percent. Food inflation The high inflation rate increase in 2022 was partly due to the economic and energy crisis accompanied by the war in Ukraine. Food was one of the sectors hit the most by the sudden price increase in Czechia, with inflation rising to as high as 26 percent. That is over eight percentage points more than the food inflation peak in the European Union at that time. The food prices were higher than in Poland, which became a shopping destination for many Czechs, and, in some cases, they even topped the grocery prices in Germany. Inflation in other areas In 2022, the inflation rate of housing, water, energy, and fuel has risen even faster than that of food. So did transportation prices which, however, started decreasing significantly in the second half of 2022 already. With the combination of high housing, water, energy, and fuel prices and increased food inflation, restaurants' prices peaked that year. Due to this economic development, most people had a savings account or private pension insurance set up as anti-inflationary instruments by the end of 2022.

Route Optimization for Food Distribution Market Outlook

As per our latest research, the global route optimization for food distribution market size is valued at USD 4.3 billion in 2024, with a robust compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 12.1% expected through the forecast period. By 2033, the market is projected to reach USD 12.1 billion, driven by the increasing demand for efficient food delivery systems, heightened focus on reducing operational costs, and the growing adoption of advanced technologies in logistics management. The market’s impressive performance in 2024 is underpinned by rapid digital transformation across the food supply chain and the need for real-time, data-driven decision-making to ensure timely and fresh delivery of food products worldwide.

One of the primary growth factors propelling the route optimization for food distribution market is the exponential rise in e-commerce and online food delivery platforms. The proliferation of on-demand food services and direct-to-consumer delivery models has created a pressing need for advanced route optimization solutions that can handle complex delivery schedules, dynamic order volumes, and stringent freshness requirements. Companies are investing in intelligent software that leverages artificial intelligence, machine learning, and real-time data analytics to optimize routes, minimize delivery times, and maximize vehicle utilization. This technological shift not only enhances customer satisfaction by ensuring timely deliveries but also significantly reduces fuel consumption and carbon emissions, aligning with the sustainability goals of modern food businesses.

Another significant driver is the increasing regulatory pressure on food safety and quality standards. Governments and industry bodies worldwide are enforcing strict guidelines to ensure the safe transportation and distribution of perishable goods, including temperature-sensitive foods and beverages. Route optimization solutions equipped with real-time monitoring and tracking capabilities help food distributors comply with these regulations by providing end-to-end visibility of shipments, monitoring environmental conditions, and ensuring traceability throughout the supply chain. The ability to swiftly reroute deliveries in response to unforeseen disruptions, such as traffic congestion or adverse weather, further enhances the reliability and safety of food distribution networks, making route optimization indispensable for compliance-driven industries.

Cost optimization remains a critical concern for food distributors, particularly in the wake of volatile fuel prices and rising labor costs. Route optimization technologies enable organizations to automate complex planning processes, reduce manual intervention, and identify the most efficient delivery routes based on multiple variables such as distance, traffic, delivery windows, and vehicle capacity. This not only leads to substantial cost savings but also improves overall operational efficiency and resource allocation. As competition intensifies in the global food distribution market, companies are increasingly turning to route optimization as a strategic tool to differentiate themselves, enhance profitability, and maintain a competitive edge in an evolving landscape.

From a regional perspective, North America currently dominates the route optimization for food distribution market, accounting for the largest share in 2024, followed closely by Europe and the Asia Pacific. The high adoption rate of digital technologies, advanced logistics infrastructure, and a mature food delivery ecosystem in these regions are key contributors to market growth. Meanwhile, emerging economies in Asia Pacific and Latin America are witnessing rapid expansion, driven by urbanization, rising disposable incomes, and growing demand for convenience foods. The Middle East & Africa region is also showing promising growth potential, supported by increasing investments in supply chain modernization and food security initiatives. Overall, the global market is characterized by dynamic regional trends, with each geography presenting unique opportunities and challenges for stakeholders in the food distribution value chain.

Component Analysis

The route optimization for food distribution market is segmented by component into software and services, each playing a pivotal role in the overall value proposition of route optimization solutions. The software segment encompasses

Graph and download economic data for Consumer Price Index for All Urban Consumers: All Items Less Food and Energy in U.S. City Average (CPILFESL) from Jan 1957 to Sep 2025 about core, headline figure, all items, urban, consumer, CPI, inflation, price index, indexes, price, and USA.

Russia Structure of Retail Price: Boiled Sausage: High Grade: Fuel and Energy incl Water and Steam data was reported at 1.190 % in 2017. This records an increase from the previous number of 1.130 % for 2016. Russia Structure of Retail Price: Boiled Sausage: High Grade: Fuel and Energy incl Water and Steam data is updated yearly, averaging 1.225 % from Dec 2008 (Median) to 2017, with 10 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 1.740 % in 2010 and a record low of 1.070 % in 2014. Russia Structure of Retail Price: Boiled Sausage: High Grade: Fuel and Energy incl Water and Steam data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Federal State Statistics Service. The data is categorized under Russia Premium Database’s Prices – Table RU.PF001: Structure of Retail Price: Food Products: Annual.

Camelina Biojet Fuel Market Outlook

According to our latest research, the global Camelina Biojet Fuel market size reached USD 582 million in 2024, driven by increasing demand for sustainable aviation fuels and regulatory mandates for carbon reduction. The market is projected to expand at a robust CAGR of 23.4% from 2025 to 2033, reaching a forecasted value of USD 4.06 billion by 2033. This growth trajectory is propelled by the aviation industry's commitment to decarbonization, advancements in biofuel production technologies, and the unique agronomic advantages of camelina as a feedstock.

One of the primary growth factors for the Camelina Biojet Fuel market is the increasing regulatory pressure on the aviation sector to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. Governments across North America, Europe, and Asia Pacific are implementing stringent mandates and incentives for the adoption of sustainable aviation fuels (SAFs). Camelina, as a non-food crop with low input requirements and high oil yield, presents a viable and scalable feedstock alternative for biojet fuel production. Its compatibility with existing agricultural systems and ability to grow on marginal lands further enhances its appeal, allowing for sustainable expansion without disrupting food supply chains. The rising number of commercial and military flights, coupled with international agreements such as CORSIA (Carbon Offsetting and Reduction Scheme for International Aviation), is further accelerating the adoption of camelina-derived biojet fuels globally.

Technological advancements in biojet fuel production processes are another significant growth driver for the Camelina Biojet Fuel market. The development and commercialization of advanced conversion technologies, such as Hydroprocessed Esters and Fatty Acids (HEFA), Fischer-Tropsch, and Alcohol-to-Jet, have improved the yield, cost-effectiveness, and scalability of camelina-based biojet fuels. These processes enable the production of drop-in fuels that can be seamlessly integrated into existing aviation infrastructure without the need for engine modifications. Additionally, ongoing research and development efforts are focused on enhancing the oil content of camelina seeds, increasing crop resilience, and optimizing supply chain logistics, all of which contribute to the market's rapid expansion. The collaboration between biofuel producers, airlines, and research institutions is fostering innovation and paving the way for large-scale commercialization.

The growing emphasis on energy security and diversification of fuel sources is also fueling the growth of the Camelina Biojet Fuel market. As geopolitical uncertainties and fluctuating crude oil prices remain persistent challenges, airlines and defense organizations are increasingly seeking alternative fuel options to ensure operational continuity and cost stability. Camelina-derived biojet fuel not only offers a lower carbon footprint but also provides a hedge against fossil fuel price volatility. The crop's adaptability to different climatic conditions and its potential for double-cropping with traditional cereals make it an attractive option for farmers, further strengthening the supply base. The convergence of environmental, economic, and strategic imperatives is thus driving sustained investment and interest in camelina biojet fuel production worldwide.

Regionally, North America currently leads the Camelina Biojet Fuel market, accounting for the largest share due to supportive policy frameworks, advanced R&D infrastructure, and strong airline participation in sustainable fuel initiatives. Europe follows closely, driven by ambitious decarbonization targets and robust funding for renewable energy projects. The Asia Pacific region is emerging as a high-growth market, supported by rapid aviation sector expansion and increasing government focus on sustainability. Latin America and the Middle East & Africa are also witnessing growing interest, particularly in countries with favorable agro-climatic conditions for camelina cultivation. The regional dynamics are expected to evolve further as international collaborations and cross-border investments accelerate the global adoption of camelina-based biojet fuels.

The global food delivery market, valued at $70.52 billion in 2025, is projected to experience robust growth, exhibiting a Compound Annual Growth Rate (CAGR) of 7.4% from 2025 to 2033. This expansion is driven by several key factors. The increasing prevalence of smartphones and readily available internet access has fueled the adoption of online food ordering platforms, offering unparalleled convenience to consumers. Busy lifestyles, coupled with a rising demand for diverse culinary experiences, further contribute to the market's growth. The sector's segmentation, encompassing breakfast, lunch, dinner, afternoon tea, and other meal occasions, alongside diverse applications such as food and beverage delivery, caters to a wide range of consumer needs. Furthermore, the competitive landscape, characterized by established players like Meituan, Ele.me, and DoorDash, alongside regional giants such as Deliveroo and Zomato, fosters innovation and competitive pricing, benefiting consumers. The market's geographic distribution is diverse, with North America, Europe, and Asia-Pacific representing significant regional markets. Continued growth hinges on several factors including technological advancements, strategic partnerships, and expansion into new markets. Companies are investing heavily in improving delivery speed and efficiency through advanced logistics and delivery infrastructure. The incorporation of artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) for order optimization and delivery route planning will further streamline operations and enhance customer satisfaction. While challenges exist, such as fluctuating fuel prices and maintaining food quality during delivery, the overall market trajectory remains positive, fueled by changing consumer preferences and technological advancements supporting seamless and efficient delivery services. The market is expected to see further penetration in emerging markets and a growing emphasis on sustainable and eco-friendly delivery practices.

In January 2025, the unadjusted consumer price index (CPI) of all items for urban consumers in the United States amounted to about 317.67. The data represents U.S. city averages. The base period was 1982-84=100. The CPI is defined by the United States Bureau of Labor Statistics as “a measure of the average change over time in the prices paid by urban consumers for a market basket of consumer goods and services”. The annual consumer price index for urban consumers in the U.S. can be accessed here. Consumer Price Index The Consumer Price Index (CPI) began in 1919 under the Bureau of Labor Statistics and is published every month. The CPI for all urban consumers includes urban households in Metropolitan Statistical Areas and regions with over 2,500 inhabitants, as well as non-farm consumers living in rural regions. This index was established in 1978 and includes about 80 percent of the U.S. population. The monthly CPI of urban consumers in the United States increased from 292.3 in May 2022 to 304.13 in 2023. Inflation tends not to impact everyone equally for a variety of reasons, including geography - CPI often differs between regions, with a high of 287.49 in the Western region as of 2021. There are also disparities in inflation between income quartiles, in which inflation is generally felt more heavily by lower income households. The annual CPI in the United States has increased steadily over the past two decades, from 140.3 in 1992 to 292.56 in 2022. A forecast of the CPI expects this positive trend to continue, reaching 325.6 by 2027. As of March 2023, the CPI of the nation’s education had increased by 3.5 percent. Further, in the same month costs of recreation, rent, housing, medical care, and food and beverages, gasoline, and transportation increased. Comparatively, the CPI in Hong Kong reached 103.3 in 2022.

Russia Structure of Retail Price: Wheat Flour: High Grade: Fuel and Energy incl Water and Steam data was reported at 1.060 % in 2017. This records a decrease from the previous number of 1.140 % for 2016. Russia Structure of Retail Price: Wheat Flour: High Grade: Fuel and Energy incl Water and Steam data is updated yearly, averaging 1.375 % from Dec 2008 (Median) to 2017, with 10 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 1.810 % in 2011 and a record low of 1.060 % in 2017. Russia Structure of Retail Price: Wheat Flour: High Grade: Fuel and Energy incl Water and Steam data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Federal State Statistics Service. The data is categorized under Russia Premium Database’s Prices – Table RU.PF001: Structure of Retail Price: Food Products: Annual.

Russia Structure of Retail Price: Macaroni: Wheat Flour: High Grade: Fuel and Energy incl Water and Steam data was reported at 1.900 % in 2017. This records an increase from the previous number of 1.810 % for 2016. Russia Structure of Retail Price: Macaroni: Wheat Flour: High Grade: Fuel and Energy incl Water and Steam data is updated yearly, averaging 1.910 % from Dec 2008 (Median) to 2017, with 10 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 2.230 % in 2012 and a record low of 1.670 % in 2014. Russia Structure of Retail Price: Macaroni: Wheat Flour: High Grade: Fuel and Energy incl Water and Steam data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Federal State Statistics Service. The data is categorized under Russia Premium Database’s Prices – Table RU.PF001: Structure of Retail Price: Food Products: Annual.