Inflation is generally defined as the continued increase in the average prices of goods and services in a given region. Following the extremely high global inflation experienced in the 1980s and 1990s, global inflation has been relatively stable since the turn of the millennium, usually hovering between three and five percent per year. There was a sharp increase in 2008 due to the global financial crisis now known as the Great Recession, but inflation was fairly stable throughout the 2010s, before the current inflation crisis began in 2021. Recent years Despite the economic impact of the coronavirus pandemic, the global inflation rate fell to 3.26 percent in the pandemic's first year, before rising to 4.66 percent in 2021. This increase came as the impact of supply chain delays began to take more of an effect on consumer prices, before the Russia-Ukraine war exacerbated this further. A series of compounding issues such as rising energy and food prices, fiscal instability in the wake of the pandemic, and consumer insecurity have created a new global recession, and global inflation in 2024 is estimated to have reached 5.76 percent. This is the highest annual increase in inflation since 1996. Venezuela Venezuela is the country with the highest individual inflation rate in the world, forecast at around 200 percent in 2022. While this is figure is over 100 times larger than the global average in most years, it actually marks a decrease in Venezuela's inflation rate, which had peaked at over 65,000 percent in 2018. Between 2016 and 2021, Venezuela experienced hyperinflation due to the government's excessive spending and printing of money in an attempt to curve its already-high inflation rate, and the wave of migrants that left the country resulted in one of the largest refugee crises in recent years. In addition to its economic problems, political instability and foreign sanctions pose further long-term problems for Venezuela. While hyperinflation may be coming to an end, it remains to be seen how much of an impact this will have on the economy, how living standards will change, and how many refugees may return in the coming years.

Gold fell to 3,336.24 USD/t.oz on July 17, 2025, down 0.32% from the previous day. Over the past month, Gold's price has fallen 0.96%, but it is still 36.66% higher than a year ago, according to trading on a contract for difference (CFD) that tracks the benchmark market for this commodity. Gold - values, historical data, forecasts and news - updated on July of 2025.

In economics, the inflation rate is a measure of the change in price of a basket of goods. The most common measure being the consumer price index. It is the percentage rate of change in price level over time, and also indicates the rate of decrease in the purchasing power of money. The annual rate of inflation for 2023, was 4.1 percent higher in the United States when compared to the previous year. More information on inflation and the consumer price index can be found on our dedicated topic page. Additionally, the monthly rate of inflation in the United States can be accessed here. Inflation and purchasing power Inflation is a key economic indicator, and gives economists and consumers alike a look at changes in prices in the wider economy. For example, if an average pair of socks costs 100 dollars one year and 105 dollars the following year, the inflation rate is five percent. This means the amount of goods an individual can purchase with a unit of currency has decreased. This concept is often referred to as purchasing power. The data presents the average rate of inflation in a year, whereas the monthly measure of inflation measures the change in prices compared with prices one year ago. For example, monthly inflation in the U.S. reached a peak in June 2022 at 9.1 percent. This means that prices were 9.1 percent higher than they were in June of 2021. The purchasing power is the extent to which a person has available funds to make purchases. The Big Mac Index has been published by The Economist since 1986 and exemplifies purchasing power on a global scale, allowing us to see note the differences between different countries currencies. Switzerland for example, has the most expensive Big Mac in the world, costing consumers 6.71 U.S. dollars as of July 2022, whereas a Big Mac cost 5.15 dollars in the United States, and 4.77 dollars in the Euro area. One of the most important tools in influencing the rate of inflation is interest rates. The Federal Reserve of the United States has the capacity to make changes to the federal interest rate . Changes to the rate of inflation are thought to be an imbalance between supply and demand. After COVID-19 related lockdowns came to an end there was a sudden increase in demand for goods and services with consumers having more funds than usual thanks to reduced spending during lockdown and government funded economic support. Additionally, supply-chain related bottlenecks also due to lockdowns around the world and the Russian invasion of Ukraine meant that there was a decrease in the supply of goods and services. By increasing the interest rate, the Federal Reserve aims to reduce spending, and thus bring demand back into balance with supply.

The consumer price index in Czechia fluctuated in the observed period. The prices increased during the economic crisis of 2008 but reached their peak in 2022, with inflation rising to ** percent in September 2022 compared to the previous year. In April 2025, the inflation amounted to *** percent, a decrease compared to the previous month.

Gasoline rose to 2.17 USD/Gal on July 17, 2025, up 0.63% from the previous day. Over the past month, Gasoline's price has fallen 5.89%, and is down 13.51% compared to the same time last year, according to trading on a contract for difference (CFD) that tracks the benchmark market for this commodity. Gasoline - values, historical data, forecasts and news - updated on July of 2025.

Graph and download economic data for Average Sales Price of Houses Sold for the United States (ASPUS) from Q1 1963 to Q1 2025 about sales, housing, and USA.

In 2022, house price growth in the UK slowed, after a period of decade-long increase. Nevertheless, in March 2025, prices reached a new peak, with the average home costing ******* British pounds. This figure refers to all property types, including detached, semi-detached, terraced houses, and flats and maisonettes. Compared to other European countries, the UK had some of the highest house prices. How have UK house prices increased over the last 10 years? Property prices have risen dramatically over the past decade. According to the UK house price index, the average house price has grown by over ** percent since 2015. This price development has led to the gap between the cost of buying and renting a property to close. In 2023, buying a three-bedroom house in the UK was no longer more affordable than renting one. Consequently, Brits have become more likely to rent longer and push off making a house purchase until they have saved up enough for a down payment and achieved the financial stability required to make the step. What caused the recent fluctuations in house prices? House prices are affected by multiple factors, such as mortgage rates, supply, and demand on the market. For nearly a decade, the UK experienced uninterrupted house price growth as a result of strong demand and a chronic undersupply. Homebuyers who purchased a property at the peak of the housing boom in July 2022 paid ** percent more compared to what they would have paid a year before. Additionally, 2022 saw the most dramatic increase in mortgage rates in recent history. Between December 2021 and December 2022, the **-year fixed mortgage rate doubled, adding further strain to prospective homebuyers. As a result, the market cooled, leading to a correction in pricing.

Interactive chart of historical daily corn prices back to 1959. The price shown is in U.S. Dollars per bushel.

House prices in Spain have risen year-on-year since 2014. The house price index measures the development of house prices, with 2015 chosen as a base year when the index value was 100. Between 2021 and 2023, the house price index in Spain rose by eight percent for new housing and 3.2 percent for existing housing. Overall, newly built housing has appreciated more than existing homes.

House prices in Hungary continued their rapid growth in early 2020, after registering double digit year-on-year figures in 2019. This growth was fuelled by several things, such as improving economic conditions and employment, growing wages, and low interest rates. In Q1 2020, the price of a house in the Central European country increased by around ***** percent year-on-year when adjusted for inflation, but this was a slowdown compared to previous quarters.

Key information about House Prices Growth

• Croatia house prices grew 1.8% YoY in Dec 2023, following an increase of 4.1% YoY in the previous half a year.
• YoY growth data is updated half a yearly, available from Jun 1996 to Dec 2023, with an average growth rate of 3.5%.
• House price data reached an all-time high of 25.8% in Dec 2007 and a record low of -12.6% in Jun 2010.

CEIC calculates Houses Price Growth from semiannual Average Price of New Dwellings per Square Meter. Croatian Bureau of Statistics provides Average Price of New Dwellings per Square Meter in EUR. Houses Price Growth prior to H1 2023 is calculated from Average Price of New Dwellings per Square Meter in local currency.

We study the impact of targeted price controls on supermarket products in Argentina between 2007 and 2015. Using web-scraping methods, we collected daily prices for controlled and non-controlled goods and examined the differential effects of the policy on inflation, product availability, entry and exit, and price dispersion. We first show that price controls have only a small and temporary effect on inflation that reverses itself as soon as the controls are lifted. Second, contrary to common beliefs, we find that controlled goods are consistently available for sale. Third, firms compensate for price controls by introducing new product varieties at higher prices, thereby increasing price dispersion within narrow categories. Overall, our results show that targeted price controls are just as ineffective as more traditional forms of price controls in reducing aggregate inflation.

Residential Property Prices in Slovakia increased 13.20 percent in March of 2025 over the same month in the previous year. This dataset includes a chart with historical data for Slovakia Residential Property Prices.

The Consumer Price Index of the United Kingdom was 138.5 in the second quarter of 2025, indicating that consumer prices have increased by 38.5 percent when compared with the first quarter of 2015. As of June 2025, the inflation rate for the CPI was 3.6 percent, an uptick from March, when prices were rising by 2.6 percent. A long period of elevated inflation between 2021 and 2023 peaked in October 2022 and saw prices increase by over 20 percent in just three years. Uptick in inflation expected in 2025 In late 2024, the UK's main economic forecaster, the Office for Budget Responsibility, predicted that the annual inflation rate for 2025 would average out at around 2.6 percent. In March 2025, however, the OBR revised this figure upward, with annual inflation now expected to be 3.2 percent. This uptick in inflation is predicted to peak in the third quarter of the year at 3.7 percent before falling to two percent by the second quarter of 2026. Although this period of higher inflation is predicted to be far less severe than in 2022, it will no doubt put further pressure on households already struggling with their cost of living. Cost of living woes continue The share of UK households reporting that their cost of living was increasing has been steadily rising since Summer 2024. At that time, less than half of UK households reported rising costs, down from 91 percent two years earlier. As of March 2025, however, 59 percent of households said their costs were rising, the highest figure since 2023. Of these households, 93 percent reported that their food shop was increasing, with three quarters of them reporting higher energy costs. With higher inflation predicted in 2025, the pressure on UK households will likely continue, although a crisis on the scale of 2021-2023 will hopefully be avoided.

Indonesia Consumer Prices Paid Index by Farmers: Fisherman data was reported at 143.860 2007=100 in Nov 2013. This records an increase from the previous number of 143.700 2007=100 for Oct 2013. Indonesia Consumer Prices Paid Index by Farmers: Fisherman data is updated monthly, averaging 126.580 2007=100 from Jan 2008 (Median) to Nov 2013, with 71 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 143.860 2007=100 in Nov 2013 and a record low of 104.260 2007=100 in Jan 2008. Indonesia Consumer Prices Paid Index by Farmers: Fisherman data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Central Bureau of Statistics. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Indonesia – Table ID.IE002: Consumer Price Paid Index by Fisherman: 2007=100.

The latest closing stock price for Microsoft as of June 18, 2025 is 480.24. An investor who bought $1,000 worth of Microsoft stock at the IPO in 1986 would have $8,056,718 today, roughly 8,057 times their original investment - a 25.94% compound annual growth rate over 39 years. The all-time high Microsoft stock closing price was 480.24 on June 18, 2025. The Microsoft 52-week high stock price is 481.00, which is 0.2% above the current share price. The Microsoft 52-week low stock price is 344.79, which is 28.2% below the current share price. The average Microsoft stock price for the last 52 weeks is 422.77. For more information on how our historical price data is adjusted see the Stock Price Adjustment Guide.

Key information about House Prices Growth

• Colombia house prices grew 9.1% YoY in Dec 2024, following an increase of 10.4% YoY in the previous quarter.
• YoY growth data is updated quarterly, available from Mar 1998 to Dec 2024, with an average growth rate of 8.3%.
• House price data reached an all-time high of 19.2% in Sep 2007 and a record low of -4.0% in Sep 2000.

Indonesia Consumer Price Index (CPI): Central Kalimantan: Sampit data was reported at 147.440 2007=100 in Dec 2013. This records an increase from the previous number of 145.930 2007=100 for Nov 2013. Indonesia Consumer Price Index (CPI): Central Kalimantan: Sampit data is updated monthly, averaging 120.940 2007=100 from Jan 2007 (Median) to Dec 2013, with 84 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 148.800 2007=100 in Aug 2013 and a record low of 98.680 2007=100 in Feb 2007. Indonesia Consumer Price Index (CPI): Central Kalimantan: Sampit data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Central Bureau of Statistics. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Indonesia – Table ID.IA062: Consumer Price Index: by Cities: Kalimantan: Sampit. Rebased from 2007=100 to 2012=100 Replacement Series: 352861997 Penggantian tahun dasar dari 2007=100 ke 2012=100. Series pengganti: 352861997.

Key information about House Prices Growth

• India house prices grew 2.6% YoY in Sep 2024, following an increase of 6.2% YoY in the previous quarter.
• YoY growth data is updated quarterly, available from Mar 2011 to Sep 2024, with an average growth rate of 5.1%.
• House price data reached an all-time high of 30.6% in Mar 2011 and a record low of -11.4% in Sep 2020.

CEIC calculates House Prices Growth from quarterly House Price Index. National Housing Bank provides House Price Index with base 2017-2018=100. House Prices Growth covers Mumbai only. House Prices Growth prior to Q2 2014 is calculated from House Price Index with base 2007=100.

In the United States, the annual price of health insurance declined by 33.6 percent in the last 12 months which ended in August 2023 after rising by 24.3 percent in the previous year. Over the provided time interval, health insurance prices increased at an average inflation rate of approximately five percent. This statistic shows the annual inflation rate of health insurance prices in the U.S. from 2007 to 2023.