In 2024/25, approximately 5,462 of the 13,231 people seen to be sleeping rough in London were from the UK, the most-common nationality that year. The second-most common nationality was Romanian, at 828 people.

In 2024/25, ****** men were reported to be sleeping rough in London with a further ***** women, and ** non-binary people. Since 2010/11 there has been an increase in the number of people reported to be sleeping rough in London, increasing from almost ***** in 2010/11 to more than ****** by 2022/23. Throughout this time period, the majority of people seen to be sleeping rough in London have been men. Characteristics of homeless people in London Of the rough sleepers seen in London in 2023/24, the most common age group were those aged between 36 and 45, at *****. In terms of nationality, most rough sleepers were from the United Kingdom at ***** people, with Romanian being the second-highest nationality, at *** people. The London Borough which had the highest number of people sleeping rough was Westminster, at ***** people, while the borough of Sutton had the fewest rough sleepers, at **. Tragic implications of homelessness In 2021, *** homeless people in London lost their lives, which was the highest number of homeless deaths per region in England and Wales. In terms of the homeless death rate, the worst region was also London, at **** deaths per million people in 2021. North West England had the second-highest deaths per million people, at **. Between 2013 and 2019, the number of homeless deaths in England and Wales increased from 392 to ***, before falling to *** in 2020 and *** in 2021.

In 2024/25, 13,231 people who were seen to be sleeping rough in London compared with 11,993 in the previous reporting year, and the most reported during this time period. The number of people reported to be sleeping rough has steadily increased throughout this time period, with the dip in 2020/21, and 2022/23, likely related to the COVID-19 pandemic. Demographics of London's homeless As of the most recent reporting year, over 2,000 of London's rough sleepers were in the borough of Westminster, the most of any London borough. In terms of gender, the majority of rough sleepers are male, with more than 10,000 men seen to be sleeping rough, compared with 2,149 women, and 18 non-binary people. The most common age group was among those aged between 36 and 45 years old, at more than 3,900, compared with 1,411 25 and under, 3,580 aged between 26 and 34, 2,860 aged 45 and 55, and around 1,578 over 55s. Homelessness in the U.S. Homelessness is also an important social issue in several other countries. In the United States, for example, there were estimated to be approximately 653,104 people experiencing homelessness in 2023. This was a noticeable increase on the previous year, and the highest number between 2007 and 2023. When looking at U.S. states, New York had the highest homelessness rate, at 52 individuals per 10,000 population, followed by Vermont at 51.

Information

These published reports present information from the multi-agency database Combined Homelessness and Information Network (CHAIN), about people seen rough sleeping by outreach teams in London. CHAIN, which is commissioned and funded by the Greater London Authority (GLA) and managed by Homeless Link, represents one of the UK’s most detailed and comprehensive sources of information about rough sleeping.

Services that record information on CHAIN include outreach teams, assessment centres, accommodation projects, day centres and other specialist projects. The system allows users to share information about work done with people sleeping rough and about their needs, ensuring that they receive the most appropriate support and that efforts are not duplicated.

In these reports, people are counted as having been seen rough sleeping if they have been encountered by a commissioned outreach worker bedded down on the street, or in other open spaces or locations not designed for habitation, such as doorways, stairwells, parks or derelict buildings. The report does not include people from “hidden homeless” groups such as those “sofa surfing” or living in squats, unless they have also been seen bedded down in one of the settings outlined above.

Separate reports are produced for London as a whole and for individual boroughs, and these are published each quarter. There are also annual reports that contain aggregated information for each full year.

Interactive Visualisation Tool

Quarterly Data Tool

Annual Data Tool

A suite of online interactive charts and maps based on CHAIN data is available by clicking the above links. The data available via these tools mirrors that presented in the published PDF documents, with the addition of filters and other enhancements to allow users to interrogate the data. The Quarterly Data Tool shows data from the last eight quarters, and the Annual Data Tool shows data from the last five years.

Organisations Using CHAIN

A list of the organisations which have signed the CHAIN Data Protection Agreement and are able to access the live CHAIN system is also available to download.

PDF Reports & Data tables

As of January 2024, published CHAIN PDF reports are accompanied by an OpenDocument Spreadsheet file providing the underlying data in an accessible aggregated tabular format. The file includes data at local authority level, and for London overall, including comparative data for previous periods. There is also an accompanying explanatory notes document, which provides important contextual information about the data.

Please click the links below to download a zip file containing the PDF reports and OpenDocument Spreadsheet for the corresponding timeframe.

Publication Schedule

Reports are published 1 month after the end of each quarter and one quarter after the end of each year. The linked document below provides details of forthcoming publications

Quarterly and Annual Report Schedule 2025/26

2024/25

• Greater London Bulletin
• Greater London full report
• Borough Annual Reports
• Annual Data Tables
• <a href="https://data.london.gov.uk/download/e1b60712-b128-4412-b7bd-d1117519033b/886cd377-0d09-4ec6-a9c9-81a8504d1ed4/2024-25%20Quartlery%20Reports.zip" targ

In 2024/25, ******people who were seen to be sleeping rough in London were white, the most common age group in that year. In this same year, ******people seen to be homeless were Black, and a further ******were Asian.

Street counts and at district level estimates of rough sleeping

Information These published reports present information from the multi-agency database Combined Homelessness and Information Network (CHAIN), about people seen rough sleeping by outreach teams in London. CHAIN, which is commissioned and funded by the Greater London Authority (GLA) and managed by Homeless Link, represents one of the UK’s most detailed and comprehensive sources of information about rough sleeping. Services that record information on CHAIN include outreach teams, assessment centres, accommodation projects, day centres and other specialist projects. The system allows users to share information about work done with people sleeping rough and about their needs, ensuring that they receive the most appropriate support and that efforts are not duplicated. In these reports, people are counted as having been seen rough sleeping if they have been encountered by a commissioned outreach worker bedded down on the street, or in other open spaces or locations not designed for habitation, such as doorways, stairwells, parks or derelict buildings. The report does not include people from “hidden homeless” groups such as those “sofa surfing” or living in squats, unless they have also been seen bedded down in one of the settings outlined above. Separate reports are produced for London as a whole and for individual boroughs, and these are published each quarter. There are also annual reports that contain aggregated information for each full year. Interactive Visualisation Tool Quarterly Data Tool Annual Data Tool A suite of online interactive charts and maps based on CHAIN data is available by clicking the above links. The data available via these tools mirrors that presented in the published PDF documents, with the addition of filters and other enhancements to allow users to interrogate the data. The Quarterly Data Tool shows data from the last eight quarters, and the Annual Data Tool shows data from the last five years. Organisations Using CHAIN A list of the organisations which have signed the CHAIN Data Protection Agreement and are able to access the live CHAIN system is also available to download. PDF Reports & Data tables As of January 2024, published CHAIN PDF reports are accompanied by an OpenDocument Spreadsheet file providing the underlying data in an accessible aggregated tabular format. The file includes data at local authority level, and for London overall, including comparative data for previous periods. There is also an accompanying explanatory notes document, which provides important contextual information about the data. Please click the links below to download a zip file containing the PDF reports and OpenDocument Spreadsheet for the corresponding timeframe. Publication Schedule Reports are published 1 month after the end of each quarter and one quarter after the end of each year. The linked document below provides details of forthcoming publications Quarterly and Annual Report Schedule 2024/25 2024/25 Q3 2024/25 Greater London 2024/25 Q3 Borough Reports 2024/25 Q3 Quarterly Data Tables 2024/25 Q3 Q2 2024/25 Greater London 2024/25 Q2 Borough Reports 2024/25 Q2 Quarterly Data Tables 2024/25 Q2 Q1 2024/25 Greater London 2024/25 Q1 Borough Reports 2024/25 Q1 Quarterly Data Tables 2024/25 Q1 2023/24 Greater London Bulletin Greater London full report Borough Annual Reports Annual Data Tables Quarterly Reports and Data Tables (for Q3 and Q4 only) 2022/23 Greater London bulletin Greater London full report Borough Annual Reports Quarterly Reports 2021/22 Greater London bulletin Greater London full report Borough Annual Reports Quarterly Reports 2020/21 Greater London bulletin Greater London full report Borough Annual Reports Quarterly Reports 2019/20 Greater London bulletin Greater London full report Borough Annual Reports Quarterly Reports 2018/19 Greater London bulletin Greater London full report Borough Annual Reports Quarterly Reports 2017/18 Greater London bulletin Greater London full report Borough Annual Reports Quarterly Reports 2016/17 Greater London bulletin Greater London full report Borough Annual Reports Quarterly Reports 2015/16 Greater London bulletin Greater London full report Borough Annual Reports Quarterly Reports 2014/15 Greater London bulletin Greater London full report Borough Annual Reports Quarterly Reports Pre-2014/15 For earlier reports please see the end of this page. This dataset is one of the Greater London Authority's measures of Economic Fairness. Click here to find out more.

In 2023/24, 3,645 people who were seen to be sleeping rough in London were aged between 36 and 45 years old, the most common age group in that year. In this same year, 1,126 people seen to be homeless were aged between 18 and 24, and a further 1,380 were aged over 55. By far, the least common age group for rough sleeping were those aged under 18, with just 13 rough sleepers in this reporting year. Demographics of London's homeless Overall, there were 10,053 people reported to be sleeping rough in London in 2022/23. Although this was fewer than in 2020/21, when the number of people sleeping rough reached 11,018, it was still much higher than in 2010/11, when this figure was 3,975 people. As of the most recent reporting year, 2,050 of London's rough sleepers were in the borough of Westminster, the most of any London borough. In terms of gender, the majority of rough sleepers in 2022/23 were male, with 8,172 men seen to be sleeping rough, compared with 1,642 women, and eleven non-binary people. Homelessness in the U.S. Homelessness is also an important social issue in several other countries. In the United States, for example, there were estimated to be approximately 582,562 people experiencing homelessness in 2022. This was a slight increase on the previous year, but a decrease when compared to 2007, when around 672,258 people were homeless. When looking at U.S. states, California had the highest homelessness rate, at 43.7 individuals per 10,000 population, followed by Vermont at 43.1

Rough sleeping statistics England. Values are individual counts unless stated otherwise. Please note that the spatial layer the source data have been joined to is Local Authority Districts (December 2016) Ultra Generalised Clipped Boundaries in England. This layer has been used to improve online load time and may be used for country level visualisations. Please DO NOT use this layer for area or length calculations.Source: MHCLG Update Frequency: Annually Last Update: 16 Feb 2018 Next Update: Dec 2018

In 2024, there were reported to be ***** men sleeping rough on a single night in England, and *** women, with a further *** people whose gender was not known. Between 2017 and 2024, the majority of rough sleepers reported in England have been men.

Legacy unique identifier: P01088

Homelessness figures for Calderdale Council from April 2018 as submitted to the government in the quarterly H-CLIC (Homelessness case level information collection) return, covering: * assessments; * main duty; * prevention; * relief; * rough sleeping; and * temporary accommodation. The full H-CLIC data for England can be found at Statutory homelessness live tables. To learn more about the H-CLIC return see Changes to statutory homelessness statistics. In April 2018, the H-CLIC return replaced the P1E form. Data up to March 2018 can be found at Homelessness up to March 2018.

This statistic shows the support needs of reported rough sleepers people in London, United Kingdom (UK), in 2018/19. ** percent of homeless people were assessed to not have any alcohol, drug or mental health support needs, while ** percent were assessed to have all three.

Rough sleeping, total count Source agency: Communities and Local Government Designation: Experimental Official Statistics Language: English Alternative title: Rough Sleeping England

Information

These published reports present information from the multi-agency database Combined Homelessness and Information Network (CHAIN), about people seen rough sleeping by outreach teams in London. CHAIN, which is commissioned and funded by the Greater London Authority (GLA) and managed by Homeless Link, represents one of the UK’s most detailed and comprehensive sources of information about rough sleeping.

Services that record information on CHAIN include outreach teams, assessment centres, accommodation projects, day centres and other specialist projects. The system allows users to share information about work done with people sleeping rough and about their needs, ensuring that they receive the most appropriate support and that efforts are not duplicated.

In these reports, people are counted as having been seen rough sleeping if they have been encountered by a commissioned outreach worker bedded down on the street, or in other open spaces or locations not designed for habitation, such as doorways, stairwells, parks or derelict buildings. The report does not include people from “hidden homeless” groups such as those “sofa surfing” or living in squats, unless they have also been seen bedded down in one of the settings outlined above.

Separate reports are produced for London as a whole and for individual boroughs, and these are published each quarter. There are also annual reports that contain aggregated information for each full year.

Interactive Visualisation Tool

Quarterly Data Tool

Annual Data Tool

A suite of online interactive charts and maps based on CHAIN data is available by clicking the above links. The data available via these tools mirrors that presented in the published PDF documents, with the addition of filters and other enhancements to allow users to interrogate the data. The Quarterly Data Tool shows data from the last eight quarters, and the Annual Data Tool shows data from the last five years.

Organisations Using CHAIN

A list of the  organisations which have signed the CHAIN Data Protection Agreement  and are able to access the live CHAIN system is also available to download.

PDF Reports & Data tables

As of January 2024, published CHAIN PDF reports are accompanied by an OpenDocument Spreadsheet file providing the underlying data in an accessible aggregated tabular format. The file includes data at local authority level, and for London overall, including comparative data for previous periods. There is also an accompanying  explanatory notes  document, which provides important contextual information about the data.

Please click the links below to download a zip file containing the PDF reports and OpenDocument Spreadsheet for the corresponding timeframe.

Publication Schedule

Reports are published 1 month after the end of each quarter and one quarter after the end of each year. The linked document below provides details of forthcoming publications

Quarterly and Annual Report Schedule 2025/26

2024/25

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