The inflation rate for the Retail Price Index (RPI) in the United Kingdom was 4.4 percent in June 2025, up from 4.3 percent in the previous month. From 2021 onwards, prices in the UK rose rapidly, with the RPI inflation rate peaking at 14.2 percent in October 2022. Although inflation fell in subsequent months, it wasn't until July 2023 that inflation fell below double digits, and as of late 2024, the RPI rate was still above three percent. The CPI and CPIH While the retail price index is still a popular method of calculating inflation, the consumer price index (CPI) is the current main measurement of inflation in the UK. There is also an additional price index, which includes some extra housing costs, known as the Consumer Price Index including homer occupiers' costs (CPIH) index, which is seen by the UK's Office of National Statistics as the official inflation rate. As of December 2024, the CPI inflation rate stood at 2.5 percent, while the CPIH rate was 3.5 percent. Core inflation down in 2024 Another way of measuring inflation is to strip out the volatility of energy and food prices and look at the underlying core inflation rate. As of December 2024, this was 3.2 percent, slightly higher than the overall CPI rate, but more aligned with the overall figure than it was in 2022 and 2023. When inflation peaked at 11.2 percent in October 2022, for example, core inflation stood at just 6.5 percent. After energy prices in 2023 fell relative to 2022, the overall inflation rate in the UK declined quite rapidly, with core inflation overtaking the overall rate in July 2023. During the most recent period of high inflation, core inflation peaked at 7.1 percent in May 2023, and while taking longer to fall than the overall figure, has generally been declining since then.

France Retail Price Index (RPI) data was reported at 125.370 2015=100 in Mar 2025. This records an increase from the previous number of 125.210 2015=100 for Feb 2025. France Retail Price Index (RPI) data is updated monthly, averaging 100.100 2015=100 from Jan 2005 (Median) to Mar 2025, with 235 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 125.700 2015=100 in Aug 2023 and a record low of 88.000 2015=100 in Jan 2005. France Retail Price Index (RPI) data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by National Institute of Statistics and Economic Studies. The data is categorized under Global Database’s France – Table FR.I041: Retail Price Index: 2015=100. Due to the global Covid-19 pandemic, the price collection in stores other than hypermarkets and supermarkets was adjourned from mid-March 2020 to mid-June 2020, thus impacting the data quality and forcing the source to skip the data release for April, May and June 2020.

Inflation is an important measure of any country’s economy, and the Retail Price Index (RPI) is one of the most widely used indicators in the United Kingdom, with the rate expected to be 4.1 percent in 2025, compared with 3.6 percent in 2024. This followed 2022, when RPI inflation reached a rate of 11.6 percent, by far the highest annual rate during this provided time period. CPI vs RPI Although the Retail Price Index is a commonly utilized inflation indicator, the UK also uses a newer method of calculating inflation, the Consumer Price Index. The CPI, along with the CPIH (Consumer Price Index including owner occupiers' housing costs) are usually preferred by the UK government, but the RPI is still used in certain instances. Increases in rail fares for example, are calculated using the RPI, while increases in pension payments are calculated using CPI, when this is used as the uprating factor. The use of one inflation measure over the other can therefore have a significant impact on people’s lives in the UK. High inflation falls to more typical levels by 2024 Like the Retail Price Index, the Consumer Price Index inflation rate also reached a recent peak in October 2022. In that month, prices were rising by 11.1 percent and did not fall below double figures until April 2023. This fall was largely due to slower price increases in key sectors such as energy, which drove a significant amount of the 2022 wave of inflation. Inflation nevertheless remains elevated, fueled not only by high food inflation, but also by underlying core inflation. As of February 2025, the overall CPI inflation rate was 2.8 percent, although an uptick in inflation is expected later in the year, with a rate of 3.7 percent forecast for the third quarter of the year.

The Retail Price Index (RPI) is one of the main measures of inflation used to calculate the change in the price of goods and services within the British economy. In the second quarter of 2025 the index value was 403.2, indicating that the price for a fixed basket of goods had increased by almost more than 300 percent since 1987. The RPI inflation rate for June 2025 was 4.4 percent, up from 3.2 percent in March 2025 Inflation and UK living standards For UK consumers, high inflation is one of the main drivers of the ongoing cost of living crisis. With wages struggling to keep up with the pace of inflation for a long period between 2021 and 2023, UK households saw their living standards fall significantly. In 2022/23, real household disposable income in the UK is estimated to have fallen by 2.1 percent, which was the biggest fall in living standards since 1956. While there have been some signals that the crisis eased somewhat in 2024, such as falling energy and food inflation, an increasing share of UK households have reported increasing living costs since Summer 2024. Additional inflation indicators Aside from the Retail Price Index, the UK also produces other inflation indices such as the Consumer Price Index (CPI) and the Consumer Price Index including owner occupiers' housing costs (CPIH). While these particular indices measure consumer price increases slightly differently, they both provide an overall picture of rising prices. More specific inflation rates, such as by sector, are also produced, while other indices omit certain items, such as core inflation, which excludes food and energy inflation, to provide a more stable measure of inflation.

Germany RPI: Incl VAT: SS: FB: Fish, Crustaceans & Molluscs data was reported at 130.300 2020=100 in Mar 2025. This stayed constant from the previous number of 130.300 2020=100 for Feb 2025. Germany RPI: Incl VAT: SS: FB: Fish, Crustaceans & Molluscs data is updated monthly, averaging 72.100 2020=100 from Jan 1991 (Median) to Mar 2025, with 411 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 132.400 2020=100 in Jun 2023 and a record low of 45.300 2020=100 in Mar 1991. Germany RPI: Incl VAT: SS: FB: Fish, Crustaceans & Molluscs data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Statistisches Bundesamt. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Germany – Table DE.I048: Retail Price Index: Incl VAT: 2020=100.

Germany RPI: Incl VAT: SS: CR: Games & Toys data was reported at 106.200 2020=100 in Mar 2025. This records an increase from the previous number of 105.600 2020=100 for Feb 2025. Germany RPI: Incl VAT: SS: CR: Games & Toys data is updated monthly, averaging 94.700 2020=100 from Jan 1991 (Median) to Mar 2025, with 411 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 108.900 2020=100 in Jun 2023 and a record low of 86.500 2020=100 in Jan 1991. Germany RPI: Incl VAT: SS: CR: Games & Toys data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Statistisches Bundesamt. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Germany – Table DE.I048: Retail Price Index: Incl VAT: 2020=100.

Integrated Ocean Drilling Program (IODP) Expedition 303 to the North Atlantic provided 16 records of the Matuyama-Brunhes polarity transition (MBT), based on u-channel and discrete samples, from holes drilled at three sites (Sites U1304, U1305 and U1306) that have mean Brunhes sedimentation rates of 16-18 cm/kyr. The MBT occurs during the transition from marine isotope stage (MIS) 19c to MIS 18e, with mid-point at ~773 ka, and a transition duration of ~8 kyr. Combining the new MBT records, including one new record for the top Jaramillo, with previously published North Atlantic MBT records (ODP Sites 983, 984 and 1063) yields a total of more than 20 high-sedimentation-rate polarity transition records. The MBT yields a repetitive pattern of transitional field states as virtual geomagnetic poles (VGPs) move from high southern latitudes to loop over the Pacific, group in NE Asia, and transit into the mid-latitude South Atlantic before reaching high latitudes in the Northern Hemisphere. The VGPs for the top Jaramillo transition feature a loop over the Pacific, then a NE Asia group before transit over the Indian Ocean to high southerly latitudes. The North Atlantic MBT records described here contrast with longitudinally-constrained VGP paths for the MBT, indicating that relatively low sedimentation rate (~4 cm/kyr) records of the MBT are heavily smoothed by the remanence acquisition process and do not adequately represent the MBT field. The VGPs at the MBT and top Jaramillo, as measured in the North Atlantic, have similarities with excursion (Iceland Basin) VGP paths, and were apparently guided by maxima in downward vertical flux similar to those seen in the modern non-dipole (ND) field, implying longevity in ND features through time.

Germany RPI: Excl VAT: SS: FB: Bread, Cakes, Flour & Sugar Confectionery data was reported at 137.700 2020=100 in Mar 2025. This records an increase from the previous number of 137.000 2020=100 for Feb 2025. Germany RPI: Excl VAT: SS: FB: Bread, Cakes, Flour & Sugar Confectionery data is updated monthly, averaging 93.600 2020=100 from Jan 2005 (Median) to Mar 2025, with 243 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 137.700 2020=100 in Mar 2025 and a record low of 74.700 2020=100 in May 2005. Germany RPI: Excl VAT: SS: FB: Bread, Cakes, Flour & Sugar Confectionery data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Statistisches Bundesamt. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Germany – Table DE.I052: Retail Price Index: Excl VAT: 2020=100.

Germany RPI: Incl VAT: SS: CR: NS: Stationery, School & Office Supplies data was reported at 114.100 2020=100 in Mar 2025. This records an increase from the previous number of 114.000 2020=100 for Feb 2025. Germany RPI: Incl VAT: SS: CR: NS: Stationery, School & Office Supplies data is updated monthly, averaging 81.400 2020=100 from Jan 1991 (Median) to Mar 2025, with 411 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 119.100 2020=100 in Dec 2024 and a record low of 66.700 2020=100 in Jan 1991. Germany RPI: Incl VAT: SS: CR: NS: Stationery, School & Office Supplies data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Statistisches Bundesamt. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Germany – Table DE.I048: Retail Price Index: Incl VAT: 2020=100.

Germany RPI: Excl VAT: NS: Food, Beverages & Tobacco data was reported at 130.500 2020=100 in Mar 2025. This records an increase from the previous number of 129.800 2020=100 for Feb 2025. Germany RPI: Excl VAT: NS: Food, Beverages & Tobacco data is updated monthly, averaging 92.000 2020=100 from Jan 2005 (Median) to Mar 2025, with 243 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 130.500 2020=100 in Mar 2025 and a record low of 76.000 2020=100 in Oct 2005. Germany RPI: Excl VAT: NS: Food, Beverages & Tobacco data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Statistisches Bundesamt. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Germany – Table DE.I052: Retail Price Index: Excl VAT: 2020=100.

Germany RPI: Excl VAT: NS: Others: Excl Food data was reported at 114.500 2020=100 in Mar 2025. This records an increase from the previous number of 114.100 2020=100 for Feb 2025. Germany RPI: Excl VAT: NS: Others: Excl Food data is updated monthly, averaging 99.300 2020=100 from Jan 2005 (Median) to Mar 2025, with 243 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 115.100 2020=100 in Dec 2024 and a record low of 97.100 2020=100 in Aug 2011. Germany RPI: Excl VAT: NS: Others: Excl Food data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Statistisches Bundesamt. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Germany – Table DE.I052: Retail Price Index: Excl VAT: 2020=100.

Publicação dos atos, despachos e decisões relativos a marcas, da Edição nº 2565 da Revista da Propriedade Industrial - RPI de 03/03/2020

Measures of monthly UK inflation data including CPIH, CPI and RPI. These tables complement the consumer price inflation time series dataset.

Germany RPI: Excl VAT: SS: Household Equipment (HE) data was reported at 116.800 2020=100 in Mar 2025. This records an increase from the previous number of 116.600 2020=100 for Feb 2025. Germany RPI: Excl VAT: SS: Household Equipment (HE) data is updated monthly, averaging 95.700 2020=100 from Jan 2005 (Median) to Mar 2025, with 243 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 117.500 2020=100 in Apr 2024 and a record low of 87.400 2020=100 in Jan 2007. Germany RPI: Excl VAT: SS: Household Equipment (HE) data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Statistisches Bundesamt. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Germany – Table DE.I052: Retail Price Index: Excl VAT: 2020=100.

Inflation Rate in Spain increased to 2.70 percent in July from 2.30 percent in June of 2025. This dataset provides the latest reported value for - Spain Inflation Rate - plus previous releases, historical high and low, short-term forecast and long-term prediction, economic calendar, survey consensus and news.

Publicação dos atos, despachos e decisões relativos a programas de computador, da Edição nº 2563 da Revista da Propriedade Industrial - RPI de 18/02/2020

Inflation Rate in Netherlands decreased to 2.90 percent in July from 3.10 percent in June of 2025. This dataset provides - Netherlands Inflation Rate - actual values, historical data, forecast, chart, statistics, economic calendar and news.

Construction Output Price Indices (OPIs) from January 2014 to December 2024, UK. Summary.

Germany RPI: Excl VAT: NS: Other data was reported at 154.900 2020=100 in Mar 2025. This records a decrease from the previous number of 159.000 2020=100 for Feb 2025. Germany RPI: Excl VAT: NS: Other data is updated monthly, averaging 111.600 2020=100 from Jan 2005 (Median) to Mar 2025, with 243 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 203.800 2020=100 in Oct 2022 and a record low of 81.700 2020=100 in Jan 2005. Germany RPI: Excl VAT: NS: Other data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Statistisches Bundesamt. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Germany – Table DE.I052: Retail Price Index: Excl VAT: 2020=100.

Germany RPI: Excl VAT: SS: Other Goods: Watches & Jewellery data was reported at 116.300 2020=100 in Mar 2025. This records a decrease from the previous number of 117.300 2020=100 for Feb 2025. Germany RPI: Excl VAT: SS: Other Goods: Watches & Jewellery data is updated monthly, averaging 90.800 2020=100 from Jan 2005 (Median) to Mar 2025, with 243 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 117.300 2020=100 in Feb 2025 and a record low of 64.300 2020=100 in Apr 2005. Germany RPI: Excl VAT: SS: Other Goods: Watches & Jewellery data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Statistisches Bundesamt. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Germany – Table DE.I052: Retail Price Index: Excl VAT: 2020=100.