The inflation rate for the Retail Price Index (RPI) in the United Kingdom was 4.3 percent in October 2025, down from 4.5 percent in the previous month. From 2021 onwards, prices in the UK rose rapidly, with the RPI inflation rate peaking at 14.2 percent in October 2022. Although inflation fell in subsequent months, it wasn't until July 2023 that inflation fell below double digits, and as of late 2024, the RPI rate was still above three percent. The CPI and CPIH While the retail price index is still a popular method of calculating inflation, the consumer price index (CPI) is the current main measurement of inflation in the UK. There is also an additional price index, which includes some extra housing costs, known as the Consumer Price Index including homer occupiers' costs (CPIH) index, which is seen by the UK's Office of National Statistics as the official inflation rate. As of December 2024, the CPI inflation rate stood at 2.5 percent, while the CPIH rate was 3.5 percent. Core inflation down in 2024 Another way of measuring inflation is to strip out the volatility of energy and food prices and look at the underlying core inflation rate. As of December 2024, this was 3.2 percent, slightly higher than the overall CPI rate, but more aligned with the overall figure than it was in 2022 and 2023. When inflation peaked at 11.2 percent in October 2022, for example, core inflation stood at just 6.5 percent. After energy prices in 2023 fell relative to 2022, the overall inflation rate in the UK declined quite rapidly, with core inflation overtaking the overall rate in July 2023. During the most recent period of high inflation, core inflation peaked at 7.1 percent in May 2023, and while taking longer to fall than the overall figure, has generally been declining since then.

The Retail Price Index (RPI) is one of the main measures of inflation used to calculate the change in the price of goods and services within the British economy. In the third quarter of 2025 the index value was 403.2, indicating that the price for a fixed basket of goods has increased by more than 300 percent since 1987. The RPI inflation rate in September 2025 was 4.5 percent, up from 3.6 percent at the start of the year. Inflation and UK living standards For UK consumers, high inflation is one of the main drivers of the ongoing cost of living crisis. With wages struggling to keep up with the pace of inflation for a long period between 2021 and 2023, UK households saw their living standards fall significantly. In 2022/23, real household disposable income in the UK is estimated to have fallen by 2.1 percent, which was the biggest fall in living standards since 1956. While there have been some signals that the crisis eased somewhat in 2024, such as falling energy and food inflation, an increasing share of UK households have reported increasing living costs since Summer 2024. Additional inflation indicators Aside from the Retail Price Index, the UK also produces other inflation indices such as the Consumer Price Index (CPI) and the Consumer Price Index including owner occupiers' housing costs (CPIH). While these particular indices measure consumer price increases slightly differently, they both provide an overall picture of rising prices. More specific inflation rates, such as by sector, are also produced, while other indices omit certain items, such as core inflation, which excludes food and energy inflation, to provide a more stable measure of inflation.

Measures of monthly UK inflation data including CPIH, CPI and RPI. These tables complement the consumer price inflation time series dataset.

Retail Price Index in the United Kingdom decreased to 4.30 percent in October from 4.50 percent in September of 2025. This dataset provides - United Kingdom Retail Price Index YoY- actual values, historical data, forecast, chart, statistics, economic calendar and news.

Inflation is an important measure of any country’s economy, and the Retail Price Index (RPI) is one of the most widely used indicators in the United Kingdom, with the rate expected to have reached an annual average of 4.3 percent in 2025, compared with 3.6 percent in 2024. This followed 2022, when RPI inflation reached a rate of 11.6 percent, by far the highest annual rate during this provided time period. CPI vs RPI Although the Retail Price Index is a commonly utilized inflation indicator, the UK also uses a newer method of calculating inflation, the Consumer Price Index. The CPI, along with the CPIH (Consumer Price Index including owner occupiers' housing costs) are usually preferred by the UK government, but the RPI is still used in certain instances. Increases in rail fares for example, are calculated using the RPI, while increases in pension payments are calculated using CPI, when this is used as the uprating factor. The use of one inflation measure over the other can therefore have a significant impact on people’s lives in the UK. High inflation eases in 2024 Like the Retail Price Index, the Consumer Price Index inflation rate also reached a recent peak in October 2022. In that month, prices were rising by 11.1 percent and did not fall below double figures until April 2023. This fall was largely due to slower price increases in key sectors such as energy, which drove a significant amount of the 2022 wave of inflation. Inflation nevertheless remains elevated, fueled not only by high food inflation, but also by underlying core inflation. As of February 2025, the overall CPI inflation rate was 2.8 percent, although an uptick in inflation is expected later in the year, with a rate of 3.7 percent forecast for the third quarter of the year.

France Retail Price Index (RPI) data was reported at 126.890 2015=100 in Oct 2025. This records a decrease from the previous number of 126.970 2015=100 for Sep 2025. France Retail Price Index (RPI) data is updated monthly, averaging 99.950 2015=100 from Jan 2005 (Median) to Oct 2025, with 242 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 127.130 2015=100 in Aug 2025 and a record low of 88.000 2015=100 in Jan 2005. France Retail Price Index (RPI) data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by National Institute of Statistics and Economic Studies. The data is categorized under Global Database’s France – Table FR.I: Retail Price Index: 2015=100. Due to the global Covid-19 pandemic, the price collection in stores other than hypermarkets and supermarkets was adjourned from mid-March 2020 to mid-June 2020, thus impacting the data quality and forcing the source to skip the data release for April, May and June 2020.

United Kingdom UK: Retail Price Index: All Items data was reported at 117.665 2010=100 in 2016. This records an increase from the previous number of 115.663 2010=100 for 2015. United Kingdom UK: Retail Price Index: All Items data is updated yearly, averaging 36.329 2010=100 from Dec 1948 (Median) to 2016, with 69 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 117.665 2010=100 in 2016 and a record low of 3.801 2010=100 in 1948. United Kingdom UK: Retail Price Index: All Items data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by International Monetary Fund. The data is categorized under Global Database’s United Kingdom – Table UK.IMF.IFS: Consumer and Producer Price Index: Annual.

Austria Retail Price Index data was reported at 6,685.400 Mar1938=100 in Mar 2025. This records an increase from the previous number of 6,674.900 Mar1938=100 for Feb 2025. Austria Retail Price Index data is updated monthly, averaging 2,638.200 Mar1938=100 from Jul 1948 (Median) to Mar 2025, with 921 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 6,685.400 Mar1938=100 in Mar 2025 and a record low of 303.000 Mar1938=100 in Sep 1948. Austria Retail Price Index data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Statistics Austria. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Austria – Table AT.I024: Retail Price Index: Mar1938=100.

Consumer Price Index CPI in the United States increased to 324.80 points in September from 323.98 points in August of 2025. This dataset provides the latest reported value for - United States Consumer Price Index (CPI) - plus previous releases, historical high and low, short-term forecast and long-term prediction, economic calendar, survey consensus and news.

Comprehensive database of time series covering measures of inflation data for the UK including CPIH, CPI and RPI.

China Retail Price Index: Urban data was reported at 102.700 Prev Year=100 in 2022. This records an increase from the previous number of 101.700 Prev Year=100 for 2021. China Retail Price Index: Urban data is updated yearly, averaging 101.550 Prev Year=100 from Dec 1951 (Median) to 2022, with 72 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 121.300 Prev Year=100 in 1988 and a record low of 94.100 Prev Year=100 in 1963. China Retail Price Index: Urban data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by National Bureau of Statistics. The data is categorized under Global Database’s China – Table CN.IB: Retail Price Index: Urban: Annual.

Consumer Price Index CPI in Malta increased to 123.17 points in October from 122.31 points in September of 2025. This dataset provides - Malta Consumer Price Index (CPI) - actual values, historical data, forecast, chart, statistics, economic calendar and news.

Overview with Chart & Report: Retail Price Index y/y shows the change in the price of goods and services to reflect household spending in the given month compared to the same month of the previous year. In contrast to CPI, which

China Retail Price Index: Food data was reported at 102.100 Prev Year=100 in 2018. This records an increase from the previous number of 99.353 Prev Year=100 for 2017. China Retail Price Index: Food data is updated yearly, averaging 102.600 Prev Year=100 from Dec 1951 (Median) to 2018, with 68 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 135.200 Prev Year=100 in 1994 and a record low of 90.600 Prev Year=100 in 1963. China Retail Price Index: Food data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by National Bureau of Statistics. The data is categorized under China Premium Database’s Inflation – Table CN.IB: Retail Price Index: Annual.

China Retail Price Index: Cosmetic data was reported at 102.100 Prev Year=100 in 2022. This records an increase from the previous number of 98.700 Prev Year=100 for 2021. China Retail Price Index: Cosmetic data is updated yearly, averaging 100.764 Prev Year=100 from Dec 1994 (Median) to 2022, with 29 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 116.400 Prev Year=100 in 1994 and a record low of 98.400 Prev Year=100 in 2002. China Retail Price Index: Cosmetic data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by National Bureau of Statistics. The data is categorized under China Premium Database’s Inflation – Table CN.IB: Retail Price Index: Annual.

Germany Retail Price Index (RPI): 2000=100: Include Motor Vehicles & Fuel data was reported at 108.700 2000=100 in Mar 2009. This records an increase from the previous number of 108.500 2000=100 for Feb 2009. Germany Retail Price Index (RPI): 2000=100: Include Motor Vehicles & Fuel data is updated monthly, averaging 102.300 2000=100 from Jan 1999 (Median) to Mar 2009, with 123 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 109.200 2000=100 in Oct 2008 and a record low of 99.600 2000=100 in Aug 2000. Germany Retail Price Index (RPI): 2000=100: Include Motor Vehicles & Fuel data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Statistisches Bundesamt. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Germany – Table DE.I056: Retail Price Index: 2000=100. Rebased from 2000=100 to 2005=100 Replacement series ID: 215126202

China Retail Price Index: Urban: Food: Milk and Its Product data was reported at 101.000 Prev Year=100 in 2022. This records a decrease from the previous number of 102.100 Prev Year=100 for 2021. China Retail Price Index: Urban: Food: Milk and Its Product data is updated yearly, averaging 101.300 Prev Year=100 from Dec 1994 (Median) to 2022, with 29 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 134.300 Prev Year=100 in 1994 and a record low of 98.845 Prev Year=100 in 2015. China Retail Price Index: Urban: Food: Milk and Its Product data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by National Bureau of Statistics. The data is categorized under China Premium Database’s Inflation – Table CN.IB: Retail Price Index: Urban: Annual.

United Kingdom Retail Price Index: Food and Catering data was reported at 249.000 13Jan1987=100 in Oct 2018. This records a decrease from the previous number of 249.300 13Jan1987=100 for Sep 2018. United Kingdom Retail Price Index: Food and Catering data is updated monthly, averaging 165.200 13Jan1987=100 from Jan 1987 (Median) to Oct 2018, with 382 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 249.300 13Jan1987=100 in Sep 2018 and a record low of 100.000 13Jan1987=100 in Jan 1987. United Kingdom Retail Price Index: Food and Catering data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Office for National Statistics. The data is categorized under Global Database’s United Kingdom – Table UK.I011: Retail Price Index.

United Kingdom Retail Price Index: Weights: All Items data was reported at 1,000.000 Per 1000 in 2018. This stayed constant from the previous number of 1,000.000 Per 1000 for 2017. United Kingdom Retail Price Index: Weights: All Items data is updated yearly, averaging 1,000.000 Per 1000 from Dec 1947 (Median) to 2018, with 72 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 1,000.000 Per 1000 in 2018 and a record low of 1,000.000 Per 1000 in 2018. United Kingdom Retail Price Index: Weights: All Items data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Office for National Statistics. The data is categorized under Global Database’s United Kingdom – Table UK.I012: Retail Price Index: Weights.

China Retail Price Index: Rural: Food: Cake, Biscuit and Bread data was reported at 101.180 Prev Year=100 in 2015. This records a decrease from the previous number of 101.698 Prev Year=100 for 2014. China Retail Price Index: Rural: Food: Cake, Biscuit and Bread data is updated yearly, averaging 101.849 Prev Year=100 from Dec 1994 (Median) to 2015, with 22 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 123.700 Prev Year=100 in 1994 and a record low of 99.200 Prev Year=100 in 2000. China Retail Price Index: Rural: Food: Cake, Biscuit and Bread data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by National Bureau of Statistics. The data is categorized under China Premium Database’s Inflation – Table CN.IB: Retail Price Index: Rural: Annual.