This statistic illustrates the average monthly data usage in rural and urban areas of Wales in 2019, in gigabytes. In 2019, the average monthly data usage in both urban and rural areas of Wales was approximately 338 gigabytes.

The data here is for the underlying indicators that feed into the Welsh Index of Multiple Deprivation (WIMD). WIMD is the Welsh Government’s official measure of relative deprivation for small areas in Wales. It is designed to identify small areas where there are the highest concentrations of several different types of deprivation. The full index is only updated every 4 to 5 years but many of the indicators are updated in the interim period and some are updated annually. All indicators are available down to Lower Super Output Area level. This is a geography that is built from census data – it aims to outline small areas with a population between 1,000 and 3,000 people.

This statistic illustrates the average upload speed in rural and urban areas of Wales in 2019, in megabit per second (Mbit/s). In 2019, the average upload speed in both rural and urban areas of Wales was eight Mbit/s.

This statistic illustrates the average download sync speeds in megabit per second (Mbit/s) in rural and urban areas in Wales in 2019. In 2019, the average download sync speed in urban areas of Wales was 54 Mbit/s.

This file provides a rural-urban view of 2001 Output Areas (OA) in England and Wales. The ZIP file contains the Rural Urban Classification in XLSX and CSV format and includes a user guide. The files were originally from the NeSS website. Click on the Download button in the top right corner to download the file.The classification of rural and urban areas is the outcome of a project co-sponsored by:Office for National Statistics (ONS);Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs (Defra);Office of the Deputy Prime Minister (now Communities and Local Government);Countryside Agency (CA); andNational Assembly for Wales (NAW).The classification was developed in 2004 by a consortium co-ordinated by Prof. John Shepherd from Birkbeck College. The technical work was lead by Peter Bibby of University of Sheffield and the project also involved the University of Glamorgan and Geowise. The rural and urban classification of Output Areas (this dataset), Super Output Areas and Wards has been provided to enable datasets to be analysed according to the classification. This provides a powerful tool for the development and monitoring of rural and urban policies.Please Note: Output Areas do not have all the same codes as the SOA and Ward level Datasets. For SOAs and Wards the classifications for ‘Villages, Hamlets and Isolated Dwellings’ have been combined.The classification enables each of the 175,434 Output Areas in England and Wales to be classified on the basis of context i.e. whether the surrounding area of a given Output Area is sparsely populated or less sparsely populated. Secondly, the classification enables Output Areas to be distinguished on a morphological basis - as predominantly urban or predominantly town and fringe, predominantly village or predominantly dispersed (which includes Hamlets and Isolated Dwellings). The key for these are shown below. The town and fringe, village, hamlet and isolated dwellings classifications are taken as being rural.2005 Rural and Urban morphology indicator:1 - denotes predominantly urban >10k2 - denotes predominantly town and fringe3 - denotes predominantly village4 - denotes predominantly dispersed (hamlet and isolated dwellings)2005 Rural and Urban context indicator:0 denotes less sparsely populated areas1 denotes sparsely populated areas

This collection includes qualitative and quantitative datasets from the Grey and Pleasant Land project, funded under the RCUK's New Dynamics of Ageing programme interdisciplinary research initiative. These data were collected to address the principal project research questions: (1) how and in what ways are older people connected to civic society in rural settings in England and Wales? (2)what is the impact of this connectivity on older people’s quality of life in rural areas? and (3) how is later life experienced across diverse rural contexts and within subgroups of older people? This archived collection comprises data from older people aged 60 and over in six project study sites (from 3 rural place types each [accessible, less accessible, remote and inaccessible] in southwest England and Wales). These include a face-to-face survey of 922 respondents and a supplementary telephone survey with a sub-sample of 419 (Workpackage 1); 68 oral histories focused on leisure over the lifecourse collected in one study site only (North Cornwall) (Workpackage 2); 54 qualitative interviews with older respondents focused on transport and mobility (Workpackage 3); 29 qualitative interviews with older respondents focused on welfare and well-being in rural areas (Workpackage 5); 5 qualitative interviews with policy actors on older people in the study locations in southwest England and Wales (Workpackage 5); threads from the research team's online discussion forum focused on interdisciplinary approaches to investigating rural ageing (Workpackage 7).

The impact of population ageing in rural areas is relatively under-researched in the UK. The aim of this interdisciplinary research programme is to investigate the circumstances, experiences and quality of life impact of older people's inclusion ('connectivity') in rural civic society. The research employs a mixed methods framework of quantitative and qualitative methods and perspectives from the arts and humanities, transport studies, the social and geographic sciences and informatics to characterise key aspects of older people's connectivities (ie, cultural, spatial, social, economic and technological) in rural community life and the role which these links play in facilitating civic engagement. The research is being carried out in six case study areas in South West England and Wales and addresses the following principal questions: (1) How and in what ways are older people connected to civic society in these rural settings? (2) What is the impact of this connectivity on older people's quality of life in rural areas? (3) How is later life experienced across diverse rural contexts and within subgroups of older people? (4) How can novel interdisciplinary approaches be used to capture and disseminate evidence about older people's participation in and contributions to rural civic society, ie, as a source of rural community capital?

The Rural-Urban Classification is a Government Statistical Service product developed by the Office for National Statistics; the Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs; and the Welsh Assembly Government.Source: Office for National Statistics licensed under the Open Government Licence v.3.0.Contains OS data © Crown copyright 2025Links below to FAQ, Methodology and User GuideFAQ https://geoportal.statistics.gov.uk/documents/f359d48424664a1584dca319f3dac97f/aboutMethodology https://geoportal.statistics.gov.uk/documents/833a35f2a1ec49d98466b679ae0a0646/aboutUser Guide https://geoportal.statistics.gov.uk/documents/c8e8e6db38e04cb8937569d74bce277a/about

The data here shows indicator data (that underlies the Welsh Index of Multiple Deprivation or WIMD), broken down by age. WIMD is the Welsh Government’s official measure of relative deprivation for small areas in Wales. It is designed to identify small areas where there are the highest concentrations of several different types of deprivation. The full index is only updated every 4 to 5 years but some of the indicators are updated in the interim period. Most indicators are available down to Lower Super Output Area level. This is a geography that is built from census data – it aims to outline small areas with a population between 1,000 and 3,000 people.

This file provides a rural-urban view of 2011 Output Areas (OA) in England and Wales. The 2011 rural-urban classification (RUC) of OAs was released in August 2013. The product was sponsored by a cross-Government working group comprising Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs, Department for Communities and Local Government, Office for National Statistics and the Welsh Government. OAs are treated as ‘urban’ if they were allocated to a 2011 built-up area with a population of 10,000 or more. The urban domain is then further sub-divided into three broad morphological types based on the predominant settlement component. As with the previous version of the classification, the remaining ‘rural’ OAs are grouped into three broad morphological types based on the predominant settlement component. The classification also categorises OAs based on context – i.e. whether the wider surrounding area of a given OA is sparsely populated or less sparsely populated.

The Rural-Urban Classification is a Government Statistical Service product developed by the Office for National Statistics; the Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs; and the Welsh Assembly Government.Source: Office for National Statistics licensed under the Open Government Licence v.3.0.Contains OS data © Crown copyright 2025Links below to FAQ, Methodology and User GuideFAQ https://geoportal.statistics.gov.uk/documents/f359d48424664a1584dca319f3dac97f/aboutMethodology https://geoportal.statistics.gov.uk/documents/833a35f2a1ec49d98466b679ae0a0646/aboutUser Guide https://geoportal.statistics.gov.uk/documents/c8e8e6db38e04cb8937569d74bce277a/about

Rural Payments Wales is a safety net for farmers as a supplement to their main farm business income.

This file provides a rural-urban view of 2001 Lower Layer Super Output Areas (LSOA) in England and Wales. The ZIP file contains the Rural Urban Classification in XLSX and CSV format and includes a user guide. The files were originally from the NeSS website. Click on the Download button to download the ZIP file.The classification of rural and urban areas is the outcome of a project co-sponsored by:Office for National Statistics (ONS);Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs (Defra);Office of the Deputy Prime Minister (now Communities and Local Government);Countryside Agency (CA); andNational Assembly for Wales (NAW).The classification was developed in 2004 by a consortium co-ordinated by Prof. John Shepherd from Birkbeck College. The technical work was lead by Peter Bibby of University of Sheffield and the project also involved the University of Glamorgan and Geowise. The rural and urban classification of Output Areas, Super Output Areas (this dataset) and Wards has been provided to enable datasets to be analysed according to the classification. This provides a powerful tool for the development and monitoring of rural and urban policies.Please Note: Super Output Areas do not have all the same codes as the OA level Dataset. For SOAs and Wards the classifications for ‘Villages, Hamlets and Isolated Dwellings’ have been combined.Similar procedures to those used to classify Output Areas apply to the classification for the 34,378 Lower Layer Super Output Areas in the dataset. However the morphological classification differs in the number of categories as very few LSOAs can be classified as predominantly dispersed settlements. LSOAs are categorised into just three domains: urban 10k, town and fringe and villages, hamlets and isolated dwellings, using the key below:2005 Rural and Urban morphology indicator1 - denotes predominantly urban >10k2 - denotes predominantly town and fringe3 - denotes other rural (including village, hamlet and isolated dwellings)2005 Rural and Urban context indicator0 - denotes less sparsely populated areas1 - denotes sparsely populated areas

This file provides a rural-urban view of 2011 electoral wards / divisions. The 2011 rural-urban classification of electoral wards / divisions was released in August 2013. This product was sponsored by a cross-Government working group comprising Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs, Department of the Communities and Local Government, Office for National Statistics and the Welsh Government. The classification at electoral wards / divisions level is built from the RUC at OA level (the most detailed version of the classification). Assignments of electoral wards / divisions to urban or rural categories are made by reference to the category to which the majority of their constituent OA are assigned. In the RUC at OA level, output areas are treated as ‘urban’ if they were allocated to a 2011 built-up area with a population of 10,000 or more. The urban domain is then further sub-divided into three broad morphological types based on the predominant settlement component. As with the previous version of the classification, the remaining ‘rural’ output areas are grouped into three broad morphological types based on the predominant settlement component. At the electoral wards / divisions scale settlement form is less homogeneous than at OA level and so there are just two rural settlement types. The classification also categorises output areas based on context – i.e. whether the wider surrounding area of a given output area is sparsely populated or less sparsely populated (File Size 429KB).

CPRD Aurum linked Rural-Urban classification data differentiate between rural and urban areas at the small area level. It may be important to distinguish between rural and urban areas when investigating differences in social and economic characteristics of small areas. Populations can vary in their composition between urban and rural areas, as can access to services, employment and educational opportunities, and quality of life. The measures available for patient (England only) and practice postcode are: 2011 England and Wales Rural-Urban classification; 2015 Northern Ireland Rural-Urban classification; 2016 Scottish Rural-Urban classification.

The Rural-Urban Classification is a Government Statistical Service product developed by the Office for National Statistics; the Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs; and the Welsh Assembly Government.Source: Office for National Statistics licensed under the Open Government Licence v.3.0.Contains OS data © Crown copyright 2025Links below to FAQ, Methodology and User GuideFAQ https://geoportal.statistics.gov.uk/documents/f359d48424664a1584dca319f3dac97f/aboutMethodology https://geoportal.statistics.gov.uk/documents/833a35f2a1ec49d98466b679ae0a0646/aboutUser Guide https://geoportal.statistics.gov.uk/documents/c8e8e6db38e04cb8937569d74bce277a/about

This file provides a rural-urban view of 2021 Output Areas (OA) in England and Wales. OAs are the base level of geography for the 2021 RUC, and the category assigned to each OA informs the classification for all higher-level geographies (LSOA, MSOA and LAD). The 2021 RUC is a statistical classification to provide a consistent and standardised method for classifying geographies as rural or urban. This is based on address density, physical settlement form, population size, and Relative Access to Major towns and cities (populations of over 75,000 people). The classification is produced by the Office for National Statistics (ONS) with advice from the Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs (Defra), the Welsh Government and colleagues from the Government Geography Profession (GGP).

OAs are defined as ‘Urban’ if they have a high density of residential addresses, or if they intersect with Amalgamated Built Up Areas (ABUAs) with a resident population of 10,000 or more. ABUAs are Built Up Areas (BUAs) within 200m of one another and with a direct road connection, representing larger conurbations. OAs that intersect with ABUAs with populations less than 10,000 or that have lower densities of addresses, are assigned to the two ‘Rural’ Categories (‘Larger Rural’ and ‘Smaller Rural’).

The 2011 rural-urban classification (RUC) of lower layer super output areas in England and Wales is based on the 2011 RUC of output areas published in August 2013, and allows users to create a rural/urban view of LSOA level products. This product was sponsored by a cross-Government working group comprising Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs, Department of the Communities and Local Government, Office for National Statistics and the Welsh Government. The classification at LSOA level is built from the RUC at OA level (the most detailed version of the classification). Assignments of LSOA to urban or rural categories are made by reference to the category to which the majority of their constituent OA are assigned (File Size 1.8MB).REST URL of Feature Access Service – https://services1.arcgis.com/ESMARspQHYMw9BZ9/arcgis/rest/services/Rural Urban Classification (2011) of Lower Layer Super Output Areas in England and Wales_new/FeatureServer

The project focused on the mobility patterns of the 50-64 year old age group and the existence of a “retirement transition” affecting the residential preferences and decision-making of in-migrants to remote rural areas of Northern Ireland, Wales and Scotland. It also sought to evaluate the consequences of such migration for individual migrants, rural destination communities and a demographically ageing society The research included an appraisal of literature, analysis of secondary data (e.g. 2001 Census), and collection and analysis of primary data (household surveys, householder and service provider interviews) in three case study areas: Glens of Antrim, Radnor and the Isle of Bute. The cross-sectional household survey was conducted to identify the migration behaviour of the resident population and to link these migration histories to social and economic characteristics. The data set is compiled in an SPSS file with 340 variables for a combined 650 cases. 31 oral history interviews were conducted in total with members of resident households with varying migration histories and socio-demographic characteristics (29 deposited). 12 in-depth face-to-face interviews were also conducted with representatives of local service providers and national policy makers.

This project seeks evidence of a retirement transition affecting the mobility patterns of the 50-64 year old age group within the UK’s Celtic fringe. The retirement transition concept refers to the behavioural changes affecting pre-retirement age groups, and assumes that the expectation of retirement acts as a catalyst for change, including a change of residence. Such migration is commonly associated with peripheral and scenically attractive areas. Accordingly, the project focuses on rural areas of Scotland, Wales and N. Ireland.

It has two main aims – to examine the retirement transition concept and to evaluate its consequences for an ageing society, individual migrants and rural destination communities.

The methodology involves four main stages. First, an analysis of Census datasets to explore the migration patterns of the 50-64 age cohort. Second, a household survey and migrant interviews to examine the characteristics, origins, decision-making processes, and consequences associated with pre-retirement and other migration flows. Third, a postal survey of non-movers. Fourth, interviews with selected local service providers and local and national policy-makers to consider the implications of retirement transition migration on an ageing society and for the social and economic well-being of rural communities.

The 2011 rural-urban classification (RUC) of lower layer super output areas in England and Wales is based on the 2011 RUC of output areas published in August 2013, and allows users to create a rural/urban view of LSOA level products. This product was sponsored by a cross-Government working group comprising Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs, Department of the Communities and Local Government, Office for National Statistics and the Welsh Government. The classification at LSOA level is built from the RUC at OA level (the most detailed version of the classification). Assignments of LSOA to urban or rural categories are made by reference to the category to which the majority of their constituent OA are assigned (File Size 1.8MB).

The 2011 rural-urban classification (RUC) of middle layer super output areas (MSOA) in England and Wales is based on the 2011 RUC of output areas published in August 2013, and allows users to create a rural/urban view of MSOA level products. This product was sponsored by a cross-Government working group comprising Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs, Department of the Communities and Local Government, Office for National Statistics and the Welsh Government. The classification at LSOA level is built from the RUC at OA level (the most detailed version of the classification). Assignments of MSOA to urban or rural categories are made by reference to the category to which the majority of their constituent OA are assigned. In the RUC at OA level, output areas are treated as ‘urban’ if they were allocated to a 2011 built-up area with a population of 10,000 or more. The urban domain is then further sub-divided into three broad morphological types based on the predominant settlement component. As with the previous version of the classification, the remaining ‘rural’ output areas are grouped into three broad morphological types based on the predominant settlement component. At the MSOA scale settlement form is less homogenous than at OA level and so there are just two rural settlement types. The classification also categorises output areas based on context – i.e. whether the wider surrounding area of a given output area is sparsely populated or less sparsely populated (File Size 368KB).