In 2024, the ratio of national debt to gross domestic product (GDP) of Russia amounted to about 20.30 percent. Between 1997 and 2024, the figure dropped by approximately 31.22 percentage points, though the decline followed an uneven course rather than a steady trajectory. The forecast shows the ratio will steadily grow by around 6.91 percentage points from 2024 to 2030.The general government gross debt consists of all liabilities that require payment or payments of interest and/or principal by the debtor to the creditor at a date or dates in the future. Here it is depicted in relation to the country's GDP, which refers to the total value of goods and services produced during a year.

Russia recorded a Government Debt to GDP of 16.40 percent of the country's Gross Domestic Product in 2024. This dataset provides - Russia Government Debt To GDP - actual values, historical data, forecast, chart, statistics, economic calendar and news.

Key information about Russia External Debt: % of GDP

• Russia External Debt accounted for 13.4 % of the country's Nominal GDP in 2024, compared with the ratio of 15.3 % in the previous year.
• Russia External Debt: % of Nominal GDP data is updated yearly, available from Dec 1993 to Dec 2024.
• The data reached an all-time high of 90.9 % in Dec 1999 and a record low of 13.4 % in Dec 2024.

CEIC calculates External Debt as % of Nominal GDP from annual External Debt and annual Nominal GDP. The Bank of Russia provides External Debt in USD based on BPM6. Federal State Statistics Service provides Nominal GDP in local currency based on SNA 2008. The Bank of Russia average market exchange rate is used for currency conversions. External Debt as % of Nominal GDP prior to 2002 is calculated from External Debt based on BPM5. External Debt as % of Nominal GDP prior to 1995 is calculated from Nominal GDP based on SNA 1993.


Related information about Russia External Debt: % of GDP

• In the latest reports of Russia, Current Account recorded a deficit of 1.3 USD bn in Dec 2024.
• Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) fell by 1.2 USD bn in Sep 2024.
• Russia Direct Investment Abroad fell by 1.8 USD bn in Sep 2024.
• Its Foreign Portfolio Investment fell by 3.4 USD bn in Sep 2024.
• The country's External Debt reached 290,393.0 in Dec 2024.
• The country's Nominal GDP was reported at 494.7 USD bn in Mar 2023.

Key information about Russia National Government Debt

• Russia National Government Debt reached 291.7 USD bn in Jan 2025, compared with 285.6 USD bn in the previous month.
• Russia National Government Debt data is updated monthly, available from May 2009 to Jan 2025.
• The data reached an all-time high of 384.2 USD bn in Jun 2022 and a record low of 86.1 USD bn in May 2009.

CEIC calculates monthly Government Debt as the sum of Public External Debt and Domestic Debt and converts it into USD. The Ministry of Finance of the Russian Federation provides Public External Debt in USD and Domestic Debt in local currency. The Bank of Russia period end market exchange rate is used for currency conversions.


Related information about Russia National Government Debt

• In the latest reports, Russia Consolidated Fiscal Balance recorded a deficit equal to 0.6 % of its Nominal GDP in Jun 2024.
• The country's Government debt accounted for 14.6 % of its Nominal GDP in Mar 2024.
• Russia Nominal GDP reached 494.7 USD bn in Mar 2023.

Households Debt in Russia decreased to 20.70 percent of GDP in the first quarter of 2025 from 22.30 percent of GDP in the fourth quarter of 2024. This dataset provides - Russia Households Debt To Gdp- actual values, historical data, forecast, chart, statistics, economic calendar and news.

Russia's external debt was measured at around ****** billion U.S. dollars at the end of 2024, which was less than in the previous year. Over the observed period, the debt peaked in 2013, when residents of Russia owed nearly *** billion U.S. dollars to foreign creditors. External debt is estimated to increase in 2025, reaching ***** billion U.S. dollars.

Household debt to GDP, in percent in Russia, March, 2025 The most recent value is 20.7 percent as of March 2025, a decline compared to the previous value of 21.3 percent. Historically, the average for Russia from March 1999 to March 2025 is 11.81 percent. The minimum of 0.4 percent was recorded in March 2000, while the maximum of 22.2 percent was reached in September 2024. | TheGlobalEconomy.com

Key information about Russia Household Debt

• Russia Household Debt reached 395.3 USD bn in Jan 2025, compared with the reported number of 382.7 USD bn in the previous month
• Russia Household Debt: USD mn data is updated monthly, available from Dec 2000 to Jan 2025
• The data reached an all-time high of 525.1 USD bn in Jun 2022 and a record low of 1.7 USD bn in Dec 2000

CEIC converts monthly Household Debt into USD. The Bank of Russia provides Household Debt in local currency based on MFSM 2016. The Bank of Russia period end market exchange rate is used for currency conversions. Loans are used due to the lack of Flow of Funds statistics. Household Debt prior to December 2014 is based on MFSM 2000.


Further information about Russia Household Debt

• In the latest reports, Russia Household Debt accounted for 20.4 % of the country's Nominal GDP in Mar 2024
• Money Supply M2 in Russia increased 1,189.6 USD bn YoY in Jan 2025
• Russia Foreign Exchange Reserves was measured at 386.4 USD bn in Jan 2025
• The Foreign Exchange Reserves equaled 14.9 Months of Import in Oct 2024
• Russia Domestic Credit reached 1,404.0 USD bn in Dec 2024, representing an increased of 19.6 % YoY

Central government debt, total (% of GDP) in Russia was reported at 18.5 % in 2023, according to the World Bank collection of development indicators, compiled from officially recognized sources. Russia - Central government debt, total (% of GDP) - actual values, historical data, forecasts and projections were sourced from the World Bank on October of 2025.

Key information about Russia Consolidated Fiscal Balance: % of GDP

• Russia Consolidated Fiscal Balance recorded a deficit equal to 0.4 % of its Nominal GDP in Sep 2024, compared with a deficit equal to 0.5 % in the previous quarter
• Russia Consolidated Fiscal Balance to GDP data is updated quarterly, available from Dec 1993 to Sep 2024, with an average ratio of -0.5 %
• The data reached an all-time high of 10.0 % in Sep 2006 and a record low of -9.5 % in Dec 1994

CEIC calculates quarterly Consolidated Fiscal Balance as % of Nominal GDP from quarterly Consolidated Fiscal Balance and quarterly Nominal GDP. Federal Treasury provides year-to-date Consolidated Fiscal Balance in local currency. Federal State Statistics Service provides Nominal GDP in local currency based on SNA 2008. Nominal GDP prior to Q4 2011 is based on SNA 1993.


Further information about Russia Consolidated Fiscal Balance: % of GDP

• In the latest reports, Russia National Government Debt reached 291.7 USD bn in Jan 2025
• Russia Nominal GDP reached 494.7 USD bn in Mar 2023

The national debt of Russia stood at about ************** U.S. dollars in 2024. Between 1997 and 2024, the national debt rose by approximately ************** U.S. dollars, though the increase followed an uneven trajectory rather than a consistent upward trend. The national debt will steadily rise by around ************** U.S. dollars over the period from 2024 to 2030, reflecting a clear upward trend.

This dataset provides values for GOVERNMENT DEBT TO GDP reported in several countries. The data includes current values, previous releases, historical highs and record lows, release frequency, reported unit and currency.

Key information about Russia External Debt

• Russia External Debt reached 290.4 USD bn in Dec 2024, compared with 309.1 USD bn in the previous quarter.
• Russia External Debt: USD mn data is updated quarterly, available from Dec 2000 to Dec 2024.
• The data reached an all-time high of 732.8 USD bn in Jun 2014 and a record low of 146.3 USD bn in Dec 2001.

CEIC extends history for quarterly External Debt. The Bank of Russia provides External Debt in USD based on BPM6. External Debt prior to Q4 2002 is based on BPM5.


Related information about Russia External Debt

• In the latest reports of Russia, Current Account recorded a deficit of 1.3 USD bn in Dec 2024.
• Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) fell by 1.2 USD bn in Sep 2024.
• Russia Direct Investment Abroad fell by 1.8 USD bn in Sep 2024.
• Its Foreign Portfolio Investment fell by 3.4 USD bn in Sep 2024.
• The country's Nominal GDP was reported at 494.7 USD bn in Mar 2023.

The statistic shows the 20 countries with the lowest national debt in 2024 in relation to the gross domestic product (GDP). The data refer to the debts of the entire state, including the central government, the provinces, municipalities, local authorities and social insurance. In 2024, Russia's estimated level of national debt reached about 20.3 percent of the GDP, ranking 16th of the countries with the lowest national debt. National debt and GDP The debt-to-GDP ratio is an indicator of a country’s ability to produce and sell goods in order to pay back any present debts, however these countries should not retain newer debts in the process. Many economists believe that if a country is able to produce more without impairing its own economical growth, it can be considered more stable, particularly for the future. However, the listed countries, with the exception of Russia and Saudi Arabia, are not necessarily economic first-world powers. Additionally, economically powerful countries such as the United States and France maintain one of the highest debt-to-GDP ratios, signifying that occurring debt does not necessarily damage the state of the economy and is sometimes necessary in order to help develop it. Saudi Arabia has maintained one of the lowest debt-to-GDP ratios due to its high export rates, which primarily consist of petroleum and petroleum goods. Given the significance of oil in today’s world, Saudi Arabia produces enough oil and earns enough revenue to maintain a high GDP and additionally refrain from incurring debt.

International debt issues to GDP (%) in Russia was reported at 13 % in 2020, according to the World Bank collection of development indicators, compiled from officially recognized sources. Russia - International debt issues to GDP - actual values, historical data, forecasts and projections were sourced from the World Bank on October of 2025.

Government Debt in Russia increased to 20586.54 RUB Billion in April from 20564.50 RUB Billion in March of 2024. This dataset provides - Russia Government Debt- actual values, historical data, forecast, chart, statistics, economic calendar and news.

Key information about Russia Domestic Credit Growth

• Russia Domestic Credit increased 19.1 % YoY in Jan 2025, compared with an increase of 19.7 % YoY in the previous month
• Russia Domestic Credit Growth YoY data is updated monthly
• It averaged 21.6 %, available from Dec 2001 to Jan 2025
• The data reached an all-time high of 49.7 % in May 2007 and a record low of -9.3 % in Apr 2005

CEIC calculates Domestic Credit Growth from monthly Domestic Credit. The Bank of Russia provides Domestic Credit in local currency based on MFSM 2016. Domestic Credit Growth prior to December 2015 is based on MFSM 2000.


Further information about Russia Domestic Credit Growth

• In the latest reports, Russia Domestic Credit reached 1,442.5 USD bn in Jan 2025
• Money Supply M2 in Russia increased to 1,189.6 USD bn YoY in Jan 2025
• Russia Foreign Exchange Reserves was measured at 386.4 USD bn in Jan 2025
• The Foreign Exchange Reserves equaled 14.9 Months of Import in Oct 2024
• The country's Non Performing Loans Ratio stood at 16.8 % in Nov 2020, compared with the ratio of 17.0 % in the previous month
• Household Debt of Russia reached 20.4 % in Mar 2024, accounting for 20.4 % of the country's Nominal GDP

Key information about Russia Domestic Credit

• Russia Domestic Credit reached 1,442.5 USD bn in Jan 2025, compared with a reported figure of 1,405.1 USD bn in the previous month
• Russia Domestic Credit data is updated monthly
• It is available from Dec 2000 to Jan 2025 and averaged 692.7 USD bn
• The data reached an all-time high of 1,583.7 USD bn in Jun 2022 and a record low of 62.4 USD bn in Jan 2001

CEIC converts monthly Domestic Credit into USD. The Bank of Russia provides Domestic Credit in local currency based on MFSM 2016. The Bank of Russia period end market exchange rate is used for currency conversions. Domestic Credit prior to December 2014 is based on MFSM 2000.


Further information about Russia Domestic Credit

• In the latest reports, Russia Domestic Credit represented an increased of 19.1 % YoY in Jan 2025
• Money Supply M2 in Russia increased to 1,189.6 USD bn YoY in Jan 2025
• Russia Foreign Exchange Reserves was measured at 386.4 USD bn in Jan 2025
• The Foreign Exchange Reserves equaled 14.9 Months of Import in Oct 2024
• The country's Non Performing Loans Ratio stood at 16.8 % in Nov 2020, compared with the ratio of 17.0 % in the previous month
• Household Debt of Russia reached 20.4 % in Mar 2024, accounting for 20.4 % of the country's Nominal GDP

Key information about Russia Foreign Exchange Reserves: Months of Import

• Russia Foreign Exchange Reserves equaled 14.0 Months of Import in Dec 2024, compared with the ratio of 15.3 in the previous month
• Russia Foreign Exchange Reserves: Months of Import data is updated monthly, available from Jan 1998 to Dec 2024
• The data reached an all-time high of 42.7 in Jan 2009 and a record low of 2.2 in Aug 1998

CEIC calculates Foreign Exchange Reserves as Months of Import from monthly Foreign Exchange Reserves and monthly Imports. The Bank of Russia provides Foreign Exchange Reserves in USD. Federal Customs Service provides Imports in USD.


Further information about Russia Foreign Exchange Reserves: Months of Import

• In the latest reports, Russia Foreign Exchange Reserves was measured at 386.4 USD bn in Jan 2025
• Its Money Supply M2 increased 19.2 % YoY in Jan 2025
• Russia Domestic Credit reached 1,442.5 USD bn in Jan 2025, representing an increased of 19.1 % YoY
• The country's Non Performing Loans Ratio stood at 16.8 % in Nov 2020, compared with the ratio of 17.0 % in the previous month
• Household Debt of Russia reached 395.3 USD bn in Jan 2025, accounting for 20.4 % of the country's Nominal GDP

Key information about Russia Reserve Requirement Ratio

• Reserve Requirement Ratio: Local Currency Liabilities to Individuals: Russia was set as 4.5 % in Feb 2025
• Russia Reserve Requirement Ratio data updated monthly, available from Jul 2004 to Feb 2025
• The data is reported by CEIC Data
• In the latest reports, Russia Money Supply M2 increased to 1,189.6 USD bn YoY in Jan 2025
• Foreign Exchange Reserves in Russia was measured at 386.4 USD bn in Jan 2025.
• The Foreign Exchange Reserves equaled 14.9 Months of Import in Oct 2024
• Russia Domestic Credit reached 1,442.5 USD bn in Jan 2025, representing an increase of 19.1 % YoY
• The country's Non Performing Loans Ratio stood at 16.8 % in Nov 2020, compared with the ratio of 17.0 % in the previous month
• Household Debt of Russia reached 20.4 % in Mar 2024, accounting for 20.4 % of the country's Nominal GDP

CEIC calculates monthly Reserve Requirement Ratio from daily Reserve Requirement Ratio based on the last business day of the month. The Bank of Russia provides Reserve Requirement Ratio.