The number of people with Russian citizenship living in European countries as of January 1, 2023, was by far the highest in Germany. The country's population includes around 260,000 Russian citizens. That was more than double the number of Russian citizens living in Spain. To compare, over 35,400 Russian nationals resided in Czechia.

The largest number of Russians living abroad was recorded in Europe, measuring at nearly 6.2 million people in 2020. Furthermore, over four million Russians resided in Asian countries. Northern America was a residence of nearly 482 thousand people who were born in Russia.

Over 1.2 million refugees from Ukraine due to the Russian invasion fled to Germany as of January 2025. Furthermore, the second-highest number was recorded in Russia as of the end of 2024. In total, around 6.3 million Ukrainian refugees were registered across Europe and 6.8 million worldwide as of January 2025. Most of them fled the country by crossing the border with Poland. Ukrainian refugees in Germany As of January 2025, over 1.2 million refugees from Ukraine were recorded in Germany. The first increases in the number of Ukrainian refugees were registered in March and April 2022. At the end of January 2023, over one million refugees were officially counted by the authorities. Germany had the highest monthly financial allowance for Ukrainians who fled the war compared to other European countries as of June 2022. Temporary protection for Ukrainian refugees in the EU European Union (EU) members implemented the Temporary Protection Directive (TPD), which guaranteed access to accommodation, welfare, and healthcare to refugees from Ukraine. People fleeing the war had a right to a residence permit in the EU, enter the labor market, and enroll children in educational institutions. The protection is granted until March 4, 2026, but it can be extended in the future depending on the situation in the country.

In 2023, over 46,000 new immigrants arrived in Israel from over 50 countries. Among all incoming immigrants that year, over 70 percent previously resided in Russia, six percent in former USSR countries, and five percent arrived from Ukraine. Jewish diaspora immigration to Israel increased recently due to the influx of Russian and Ukrainian citizens fleeing their countries following Russia's invasion of Ukraine.