Russia's main stock market index, the MOEX, fell to 2681 points on December 2, 2025, losing 0.20% from the previous session. Over the past month, the index has climbed 4.30% and is up 5.58% compared to the same time last year, according to trading on a contract for difference (CFD) that tracks this benchmark index from Russia. Russia Stock Market Index MOEX CFD - values, historical data, forecasts and news - updated on December of 2025.

As of October 2025, Google represented ***** percent of the global online search engine referrals on desktop devices. Despite being much ahead of its competitors, this represents a modest increase from the previous months. Meanwhile, its longtime competitor Bing accounted for ***** percent, as tools like Yahoo and Yandex held shares of over **** percent and **** percent respectively. Google and the global search market Ever since the introduction of Google Search in 1997, the company has dominated the search engine market, while the shares of all other tools has been rather lopsided. The majority of Google revenues are generated through advertising. Its parent corporation, Alphabet, was one of the biggest internet companies worldwide as of 2024, with a market capitalization of **** trillion U.S. dollars. The company has also expanded its services to mail, productivity tools, enterprise products, mobile devices, and other ventures. As a result, Google earned one of the highest tech company revenues in 2024 with roughly ****** billion U.S. dollars. Search engine usage in different countries Google is the most frequently used search engine worldwide. But in some countries, its alternatives are leading or competing with it to some extent. As of the last quarter of 2023, more than ** percent of internet users in Russia used Yandex, whereas Google users represented little over ** percent. Meanwhile, Baidu was the most used search engine in China, despite a strong decrease in the percentage of internet users in the country accessing it. In other countries, like Japan and Mexico, people tend to use Yahoo along with Google. By the end of 2024, nearly half of the respondents in Japan said that they had used Yahoo in the past four weeks. In the same year, over ** percent of users in Mexico said they used Yahoo.

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Pork Meat Market Size 2025-2029

The pork meat market size is valued to increase USD 238 million, at a CAGR of 8.4% from 2024 to 2029. Increasing demand for grass-fed and organic pork will drive the pork meat market.

Major Market Trends & Insights

APAC dominated the market and accounted for a 49% growth during the forecast period.
By Product - Fresh pork meat segment was valued at USD 305.80 million in 2023
By Distribution Channel - Offline segment accounted for the largest market revenue share in 2023

Market Size & Forecast

Market Opportunities: USD 87.38 million
Market Future Opportunities: USD 238.00 million
CAGR : 8.4%
APAC: Largest market in 2023

Market Summary

The market is a dynamic and ever-evolving sector that encompasses core technologies and applications, service types, and regional trends. With increasing demand for high-quality, sustainable pork products, the market continues to unfold, driven by factors such as consumer preferences for grass-fed and organic options. New pork processing technology, including automation and precision farming, is transforming the industry, enabling more efficient production and improved product quality. However, the market faces challenges from stringent regulations for processed meat manufacturing and rising production costs. According to recent reports, the organic pork segment is projected to witness significant growth, accounting for over 10% of the market share. Related markets such as the poultry and beef industries also impact the market's trajectory. As we look forward, the forecast period holds immense potential for innovation and expansion, with opportunities in emerging markets and continued advancements in technology.

What will be the Size of the Pork Meat Market during the forecast period?

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How is the Pork Meat Market Segmented and what are the key trends of market segmentation?

The pork meat industry research report provides comprehensive data (region-wise segment analysis), with forecasts and estimates in 'USD million' for the period 2025-2029, as well as historical data from 2019-2023 for the following segments. ProductFresh pork meatProcessed pork meatDistribution ChannelOfflineOnlineEnd-userHouseholdFood service industryFood processing industryGeographyNorth AmericaUSEuropeGermanyRussiaUKAPACAustraliaChinaIndiaJapanSouth KoreaSouth AmericaBrazilRest of World (ROW)

By Product Insights

The fresh pork meat segment is estimated to witness significant growth during the forecast period.

The market is experiencing significant growth, with China, India, and other Asian countries driving demand. Currently, fresh pork meat holds a substantial market share, particularly in open and wet markets in major regions like APAC. However, consumer preferences are evolving, leading to a shift towards supermarkets and hypermarkets due to improved hygiene, labeling, and convenience. Value-added products, such as value-added bacon and ham, are gaining popularity, contributing to market expansion. Meat tenderness measurement and shelf life extension techniques are crucial for maintaining product quality and increasing consumer acceptance. Wastewater treatment and environmental impact assessments are essential for sustainable farming practices and meeting food safety regulations. Disease prevention strategies, oxidative stability assessment, pH value determination, and genetic selection criteria are critical for maintaining pig health and ensuring high-quality meat. Slaughterhouse hygiene protocols, lipid oxidation prevention, meat cutting techniques, and yield improvement strategies are essential for efficient production and cost optimization. Sustainable farming practices, food safety regulations, consumer acceptance testing, byproduct utilization, sensory evaluation methods, muscle fiber composition, flavor compound identification, color stability analysis, microbial contamination control, breeding programs, cold chain management, traceability systems, water holding capacity, animal feed formulation, fatty acid profile, meat processing efficiency, pig farming technology, antibiotic usage reduction, protein degradation studies, production cost optimization, packing material selection, and pork quality grading are all integral aspects of the market. Future industry growth is anticipated to be robust, with export and import quantities of fresh pork meat products continuing to increase worldwide. The market's continuous evolution is characterized by ongoing research and development in areas such as meat processing efficiency, pig farming technology, and food safety regulations.

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The Fresh pork meat segment was valued at USD 305.80 million in 2019 and showed a gradual increase during the forecast period.

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Regional Analysis

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Steel Market Size 2025-2029

The steel market size is valued to increase USD 307.4 billion, at a CAGR of 4.5% from 2024 to 2029. Urbanization and infrastructure development will drive the steel market.

Major Market Trends & Insights

APAC dominated the market and accounted for a 67% growth during the forecast period.
By Type - Flat steel segment was valued at USD 797.80 billion in 2023
By Application - Structural steel segment accounted for the largest market revenue share in 2023

Market Size & Forecast

Market Opportunities: USD 28.76 billion
Market Future Opportunities: USD 307.40 billion
CAGR from 2024 to 2029 : 4.5%

Market Summary

The market is a significant player in the industrial sector, with a current size of over 1,300 million metric tons in annual production. This market's expansion is primarily driven by urbanization and infrastructure development, as steel is a crucial component in constructing buildings, bridges, and transportation systems. Additionally, there is a growing trend toward sustainable steel production, as companies seek to reduce their carbon footprint and meet increasing environmental regulations. However, the market faces challenges from trade barriers and protectionist policies, which can disrupt global supply chains and impact pricing. These issues can lead to volatility in the market and create uncertainty for businesses.
Despite these challenges, the steel industry continues to evolve, with innovations in production methods and materials driving efficiency and cost savings. As the world's population grows and urbanizes, the demand for steel is expected to remain strong, making it an essential commodity for businesses across various industries.

What will be the Size of the Steel Market during the forecast period?

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How is the Steel Market Segmented ?

The steel industry research report provides comprehensive data (region-wise segment analysis), with forecasts and estimates in 'USD billion' for the period 2025-2029, as well as historical data from 2019-2023 for the following segments.

Type

  Flat steel
  Long steel


Application

  Structural steel
  Automotive steel
  Electrical steel
  Packaging steel


End-user

  Construction
  Transportation
  Machinery
  Metal goods
  Others


Method

  Basic oxygen furnace
  Electric arc furnace
  Open hearth furnace


Geography

  North America

    US
    Mexico


  Europe

    Germany
    Italy
    Russia


  Middle East and Africa

    Turkey


  APAC

    China
    India
    Japan
    South Korea


  Rest of World (ROW)

By Type Insights

The flat steel segment is estimated to witness significant growth during the forecast period.

In the ever-evolving market, flat steel, a significant sector, is characterized by its versatility and robustness. This category includes hot-rolled coils (HRC), cold-rolled coils (CRC), galvanized steel, tinplate, and steel plates, each designed to meet specific industrial demands. Hot-rolled steel sheets offer high yield strength and tensile strength, while cold-rolled steel sheets provide improved surface finish and formability. Galvanized steel coatings ensure corrosion resistance, making them ideal for harsh environments. The steel industry continues to innovate, with advancements in heat treatment processes, steel weldability, and microalloyed steel grades. Ductile iron properties and stainless steel grades cater to high-strength applications, while steel forming processes enhance production efficiency.

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The Flat steel segment was valued at USD 797.80 billion in 2019 and showed a gradual increase during the forecast period.

Steel quality control is ensured through non-destructive testing and microstructure analysis. The steel industry's focus on research and development has led to the emergence of high-strength low-alloy steel, which boasts impressive strength-to-weight ratios. A notable example of flat steel's impact is its extensive use in the automotive sector, where it contributes to the manufacturing of body panels and structural components. In fact, the automotive industry accounts for approximately 16% of global steel consumption. As the market continues to evolve, the demand for advanced materials and processing technologies will persist, driving innovation and growth within this essential industry.

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Regional Analysis

APAC is estimated to contribute 67% to the growth of the global market during the forecast period. Technavio's analysts have elaborately explained the regional trends and drivers that shape the market during the forecast period.

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The market in the Asia-Pacific (APAC) region is experiencing significant growth, fueled by industrial expansion, infrastructure devel

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Tower Internals Market Size 2024-2028

The tower internals market size is forecast to increase by USD 1.13 billion, at a CAGR of 12.1% between 2023 and 2028.

The market is driven by the expanding capacity of crude oil refineries, necessitating the demand for advanced and efficient tower internals to optimize distillation processes. Mergers and acquisitions represent a primary growth strategy for key players in the market, enabling them to expand their product portfolios and geographical reach. However, designing highly complex distillation systems poses significant challenges. These intricate systems require meticulous engineering and rigorous testing to ensure optimal performance and compliance with stringent safety regulations. Additionally, the need for sustainable and energy-efficient solutions continues to gain importance, necessitating continuous innovation in tower internals technology.
Companies seeking to capitalize on market opportunities must focus on developing cost-effective, high-performance, and environmentally friendly solutions while addressing the intricacies of designing complex distillation systems. Navigating these challenges requires a deep understanding of market trends and technological advancements, as well as a strategic approach to product development and market positioning.

What will be the Size of the Tower Internals Market during the forecast period?

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The market continues to evolve, driven by the need for improved efficiency, productivity, and sustainability across various sectors. One key area of focus is the optimization of liquid distribution systems, which involves analyzing turndown ratio and implementing packing optimization techniques to enhance vapor-liquid contacting. Tray efficiency calculations and column internals simulation play a crucial role in this process, enabling the optimization of tray spacing and valve tray performance. Liquid redistribution and packing height determination are also essential aspects of tower internals design, ensuring optimal vapor-liquid equilibrium and reducing axial mixing. Downcomer design optimization and column diameter sizing are critical components of column internals, helping to minimize liquid holdup and improve separation efficiency.

Moreover, process intensification strategies, such as heat transfer enhancement and the use of corrosion resistance materials, are gaining popularity in the market. For instance, a leading chemical company reported a 15% increase in production capacity by implementing structured packing materials in their distillation column. Industry growth in the market is expected to reach double digits in the coming years, driven by the increasing demand for energy-efficient and sustainable separation technologies. The ongoing research and development in areas such as hydrodynamics modeling, CFD modeling techniques, and material selection guidelines continue to shape the market dynamics.

How is this Tower Internals Industry segmented?

The tower internals industry research report provides comprehensive data (region-wise segment analysis), with forecasts and estimates in 'USD million' for the period 2024-2028, as well as historical data from 2018-2022 for the following segments.

Product

  Liquid distributor
  Liquid collector
  Support and locating grids
  Others


Application

  Fine chemical
  Petrochemical
  Petroleum
  Others


Geography

  North America

    US


  Europe

    Germany
    Russia


  APAC

    China
    Japan


  Rest of World (ROW)

By Product Insights

The liquid distributor segment is estimated to witness significant growth during the forecast period.

Tower internals, particularly liquid distributors, play a crucial role in optimizing the performance of packed columns in the process industry. These internals ensure equal liquid distribution across the entire bed surface, enabling effective mass transfer between phases. The efficiency of liquid distribution systems significantly impacts the overall performance of closed columns, with precise distribution leading to improved separation efficiency, reduced sensitivity to fouling, and decreased gas-side pressure drop. Optimizing tray spacing and utilizing advanced packing materials, such as structured packing or random packing, further enhances the efficiency of vapor-liquid contacting. Column internals simulation and CFD modeling techniques enable engineers to optimize column design, including column diameter sizing and downcomer design.

Material selection guidelines based on corrosion resistance and heat transfer enhancement are essential for long-term column operation. For instance, implementing weeping and entrainment mitigation strategies can reduce liquid holdup and improve column floodi

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Topical Corticosteroids Market Size 2024-2028

The topical corticosteroids market size is forecast to increase by USD 1.36 billion, at a CAGR of 4.74% between 2023 and 2028.

The market is characterized by significant growth drivers and trends, as well as notable challenges. One of the primary growth drivers is the continuous advancements in drug delivery systems, enabling more effective and efficient application of topical corticosteroids. These innovations include transdermal patches, gels, and creams that ensure optimal corticosteroid absorption and minimal side effects. This development enhances patient compliance and improves treatment outcomes, creating new opportunities for market expansion. Another trend shaping the market is the increasing adoption of generic drugs, which offer cost advantages and broaden access to a larger patient population. This trend is particularly prominent in developing markets, where affordability is a significant concern. However, the availability of alternative treatments, such as biologics and other anti-inflammatory agents, poses a challenge to market growth.
These alternatives offer unique benefits, such as fewer side effects and targeted action, which may encourage some patients and healthcare providers to opt for them over topical corticosteroids. Companies in the market must navigate these challenges by focusing on innovation, cost competitiveness, and effective marketing strategies to maintain their market position and capitalize on the opportunities presented by the evolving market landscape.

What will be the Size of the Topical Corticosteroids Market during the forecast period?

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Topical corticosteroids continue to dominate the therapeutic landscape in dermatology, with their applications extending across various sectors, including seborrheic dermatitis, contact dermatitis, atopic dermatitis, perioral dermatitis, and psoriasis. The market dynamics of topical corticosteroids remain in a state of continuous evolution, shaped by ongoing research and development, regulatory affairs, and clinical trials. Steroid responsiveness and patient compliance are critical factors influencing market trends. The development of innovative dosage forms, such as foam, gel, and spray, aims to enhance patient adherence and improve skin penetration. Intellectual property rights and pricing strategies also play a significant role in shaping market competition.

However, the use of topical corticosteroids is not without challenges. Adverse effects, such as skin irritation, non-steroidal alternatives, and allergic reactions, necessitate ongoing research to mitigate risks and expand treatment options. Drug interactions and acneiform eruptions are other concerns that require careful consideration in treatment regimens. Clinical trials are ongoing to explore the potential of combination therapy with calcineurin inhibitors and corticosteroids for improving treatment outcomes while minimizing side effects. Skin barrier function and patient education are essential components of effective treatment strategies, ensuring optimal patient outcomes and reducing the risk of adverse effects. Regulatory affairs continue to shape market dynamics, with stringent storage conditions and shelf life requirements ensuring product safety and efficacy.

The evolving regulatory landscape necessitates ongoing quality control measures and robust distribution channels to maintain market competitiveness. In conclusion, the market remains a dynamic and complex landscape, shaped by ongoing research, regulatory affairs, and evolving patient needs. The ongoing exploration of new dosage forms, treatment regimens, and non-steroidal alternatives, as well as the challenges of adverse effects and drug interactions, underscore the importance of continued innovation and collaboration in the field.

How is this Topical Corticosteroids Industry segmented?

The topical corticosteroids industry research report provides comprehensive data (region-wise segment analysis), with forecasts and estimates in 'USD million' for the period 2024-2028, as well as historical data from 2018-2022 for the following segments.

End-user

  Hospitals
  Dermatology clinics
  Pharmacies
  Others


Type

  Prescription
  OTC


Potency

  Low Potency
  Medium Potency
  High Potency
  Super High Potency


Formulation

  Creams
  Ointments
  Gels
  Lotions
  Foams
  Solutions
  Sprays


Application

  Eczema/Dermatitis
  Psoriasis
  Allergic Reactions
  Inflammatory Skin Conditions
  Other Skin Disorders


Geography

  North America

    US
    Canada


  Europe

    France
    Germany
    Italy
    UK


  Middle East and Africa

    Egypt
    KSA
    Oman
    UAE


  APAC

    China
    India
    Japan


  South Americ