As of January 1, 2025, more than 146 million people were estimated to be residing on the Russian territory, down approximately 30,000 from the previous year. From the second half of the 20th century, the population steadily grew until 1995. Furthermore, the population size saw an increase from 2009, getting closer to the 1995 figures. In which regions do most Russians live? With some parts of Russia known for their harsh climate, most people choose regions which offer more comfortable conditions. The largest share of the Russian population, or 40 million, reside in the Central Federal District. Moscow, the capital, is particularly populated, counting nearly 13 million residents. Russia’s population projections Despite having the largest country area worldwide, Russia’s population was predicted to follow a negative trend under both low and medium expectation forecasts. Under the low expectation forecast, the country’s population was expected to drop from 146 million in 2022 to 134 million in 2036. The medium expectation scenario projected a milder drop to 143 million in 2036. The issues of low birth rates and high death rates in Russia are aggravated by the increasing desire to emigrate among young people. In 2023, more than 20 percent of the residents aged 18 to 24 years expressed their willingness to leave Russia.

The total population in Russia was estimated at 146.2 million people in 2024, according to the latest census figures and projections from Trading Economics. This dataset provides - Russia Population - actual values, historical data, forecast, chart, statistics, economic calendar and news.

In 2024, the total population of Russia was around 146.1 million people. Only a fraction of them live in the major Russian cities. With almost 12.5 million inhabitants, Moscow is the largest of them. In the upcoming years until 2030, the population was forecast to decline.Russia's economy Russia is one of the major economies in the world and is one of the wealthiest nations. Following the 1998 Russian financial crisis, Russia introduced several structural reforms that allowed for a fast economic recovery. Following these reforms, Russia experienced significant economic growth from the early 2000s and improved living standards in general for the country. A reason for the momentous economical boost was the rise in commodity prices as well as a boom in the total amount of consumer credit. Additionally, Russia is highly dependent on the mining and production of natural resources, primarily in the energy department, in order to promote economic growth in the country. Due to large energy reserves throughout the country, Russia has developed a stable economy capable of sustaining itself for many years into the future. The majority of Russian oil and energy reserves are located in the Western Siberian areas. These natural gas liquids, along with oil reserves that consist of crude oil, shale oil and oil sands are constantly used for the production of consumable oil, which is an annually growing industry in Russia. Oil products are one of Russia’s primary exports and the country is able to profit entirely off of sales due to high prices as well as high demand for such goods.

The Central Federal District was the most-populated in Russia with around 40.3 million residents as of January 1, 2025. The Volga Federal District followed, with a population of roughly 28.4 million. The lowest population was recorded in the Far Eastern Federal District at less than 7.9 million inhabitants. In total, over 146.1 million people were estimated to be living in Russia as of the beginning of 2025. The country ranked ninth worldwide by population size.

Russia population growth rate for 2023 was -0.29%, a 0.07% increase from 2022.

<ul style='margin-top:20px;'>

<li>Russia population growth rate for 2022 was <strong>-0.35%</strong>, a <strong>0.01% decline</strong> from 2021.</li>
<li>Russia population growth rate for 2021 was <strong>-0.34%</strong>, a <strong>0.2% decline</strong> from 2020.</li>
<li>Russia population growth rate for 2020 was <strong>-0.14%</strong>, a <strong>0.18% decline</strong> from 2019.</li>
</ul>Annual population growth rate for year t is the exponential rate of growth of midyear population from year t-1 to t, expressed as a percentage . Population is based on the de facto definition of population, which counts all residents regardless of legal status or citizenship.

Population, total in Russia was reported at 143533851 in 2024, according to the World Bank collection of development indicators, compiled from officially recognized sources. Russia - Population, total - actual values, historical data, forecasts and projections were sourced from the World Bank on July of 2025.

Urban population in Russia was reported at 108345662 in 2023, according to the World Bank collection of development indicators, compiled from officially recognized sources. Russia - Urban population - actual values, historical data, forecasts and projections were sourced from the World Bank on June of 2025.

Population ages 25-29, male (% of male population) in Russia was reported at 5.5034 % in 2024, according to the World Bank collection of development indicators, compiled from officially recognized sources. Russia - Population ages 25-29, male (% of male population) - actual values, historical data, forecasts and projections were sourced from the World Bank on July of 2025.

About this dataset

Context

The dataset tabulates the data for the Russia, OH population pyramid, which represents the Russia population distribution across age and gender, using estimates from the U.S. Census Bureau American Community Survey (ACS) 2019-2023 5-Year Estimates. It lists the male and female population for each age group, along with the total population for those age groups. Higher numbers at the bottom of the table suggest population growth, whereas higher numbers at the top indicate declining birth rates. Furthermore, the dataset can be utilized to understand the youth dependency ratio, old-age dependency ratio, total dependency ratio, and potential support ratio.

Key observations

• Youth dependency ratio, which is the number of children aged 0-14 per 100 persons aged 15-64, for Russia, OH, is 41.0.
• Old-age dependency ratio, which is the number of persons aged 65 or over per 100 persons aged 15-64, for Russia, OH, is 40.0.
• Total dependency ratio for Russia, OH is 81.0.
• Potential support ratio, which is the number of youth (working age population) per elderly, for Russia, OH is 2.5.

Content

When available, the data consists of estimates from the U.S. Census Bureau American Community Survey (ACS) 2019-2023 5-Year Estimates.

Age groups:

• Under 5 years
• 5 to 9 years
• 10 to 14 years
• 15 to 19 years
• 20 to 24 years
• 25 to 29 years
• 30 to 34 years
• 35 to 39 years
• 40 to 44 years
• 45 to 49 years
• 50 to 54 years
• 55 to 59 years
• 60 to 64 years
• 65 to 69 years
• 70 to 74 years
• 75 to 79 years
• 80 to 84 years
• 85 years and over

Variables / Data Columns

• Age Group: This column displays the age group for the Russia population analysis. Total expected values are 18 and are define above in the age groups section.
• Population (Male): The male population in the Russia for the selected age group is shown in the following column.
• Population (Female): The female population in the Russia for the selected age group is shown in the following column.
• Total Population: The total population of the Russia for the selected age group is shown in the following column.

Good to know

Margin of Error

Data in the dataset are based on the estimates and are subject to sampling variability and thus a margin of error. Neilsberg Research recommends using caution when presening these estimates in your research.

Custom data

If you do need custom data for any of your research project, report or presentation, you can contact our research staff at research@neilsberg.com for a feasibility of a custom tabulation on a fee-for-service basis.

Inspiration

Neilsberg Research Team curates, analyze and publishes demographics and economic data from a variety of public and proprietary sources, each of which often includes multiple surveys and programs. The large majority of Neilsberg Research aggregated datasets and insights is made available for free download at https://www.neilsberg.com/research/.

Recommended for further research

This dataset is a part of the main dataset for Russia Population by Age. You can refer the same here

Both low and medium expectation set-ups forecast the population in Russia to follow a negative trend and decline between 2021 and 2036. Only under the high expectation scenario, the Russian population was predicted to increase, exceeding 150 million individuals at the beginning of 2036.

Chart and table of population level and growth rate for the Yakutsk, Russia metro area from 1950 to 2025.

Population, female in Russia was reported at 76925937 Persons in 2024, according to the World Bank collection of development indicators, compiled from officially recognized sources. Russia - Population, female - actual values, historical data, forecasts and projections were sourced from the World Bank on July of 2025.

As of January 1, 2025, ***** million inhabitants lived in Russian cities, opposed to **** million people living in the countryside. The rural population of Russia saw a gradual decrease over the observed time period.

About this dataset

Context

The dataset tabulates the population of Russia by gender across 18 age groups. It lists the male and female population in each age group along with the gender ratio for Russia. The dataset can be utilized to understand the population distribution of Russia by gender and age. For example, using this dataset, we can identify the largest age group for both Men and Women in Russia. Additionally, it can be used to see how the gender ratio changes from birth to senior most age group and male to female ratio across each age group for Russia.

Key observations

Largest age group (population): Male # 0-4 years (72) | Female # 30-34 years (35). Source: U.S. Census Bureau American Community Survey (ACS) 2019-2023 5-Year Estimates.

Content

When available, the data consists of estimates from the U.S. Census Bureau American Community Survey (ACS) 2019-2023 5-Year Estimates.

Age groups:

• Under 5 years
• 5 to 9 years
• 10 to 14 years
• 15 to 19 years
• 20 to 24 years
• 25 to 29 years
• 30 to 34 years
• 35 to 39 years
• 40 to 44 years
• 45 to 49 years
• 50 to 54 years
• 55 to 59 years
• 60 to 64 years
• 65 to 69 years
• 70 to 74 years
• 75 to 79 years
• 80 to 84 years
• 85 years and over

Scope of gender :

Please note that American Community Survey asks a question about the respondents current sex, but not about gender, sexual orientation, or sex at birth. The question is intended to capture data for biological sex, not gender. Respondents are supposed to respond with the answer as either of Male or Female. Our research and this dataset mirrors the data reported as Male and Female for gender distribution analysis.

Variables / Data Columns

• Age Group: This column displays the age group for the Russia population analysis. Total expected values are 18 and are define above in the age groups section.
• Population (Male): The male population in the Russia is shown in the following column.
• Population (Female): The female population in the Russia is shown in the following column.
• Gender Ratio: Also known as the sex ratio, this column displays the number of males per 100 females in Russia for each age group.

Good to know

Margin of Error

Data in the dataset are based on the estimates and are subject to sampling variability and thus a margin of error. Neilsberg Research recommends using caution when presening these estimates in your research.

Custom data

If you do need custom data for any of your research project, report or presentation, you can contact our research staff at research@neilsberg.com for a feasibility of a custom tabulation on a fee-for-service basis.

Inspiration

Neilsberg Research Team curates, analyze and publishes demographics and economic data from a variety of public and proprietary sources, each of which often includes multiple surveys and programs. The large majority of Neilsberg Research aggregated datasets and insights is made available for free download at https://www.neilsberg.com/research/.

Recommended for further research

This dataset is a part of the main dataset for Russia Population by Gender. You can refer the same here

Chart and table of population level and growth rate for the Novosibirsk, Russia metro area from 1950 to 2025.

Comprehensive socio-economic dataset for Russia including population demographics, economic indicators, geographic data, and social statistics. This dataset covers key metrics such as GDP, population density, area, capital city, and regional classifications.

Chart and table of population level and growth rate for the Tomsk, Russia metro area from 1950 to 2025.

Population ages 15-64, total in Russia was reported at 94078090 Persons in 2024, according to the World Bank collection of development indicators, compiled from officially recognized sources. Russia - Population ages 15-64, total - actual values, historical data, forecasts and projections were sourced from the World Bank on July of 2025.

Chart and table of population level and growth rate for the Perm, Russia metro area from 1950 to 2025.

As of January 1, 2025, there were ***** pensioners per 1,000 population in Russia. The rate saw an increase from the previous year. Between January 1, 2016, and January 1, 2019, the rate rose gradually. In total, there were nearly **** million pensioners in the country.