Russia Energy Balance: Primary: Total Crude: Natural Gas Liquids: Direct Use data was reported at 0.000 Barrel th in Jan 2025. This stayed constant from the previous number of 0.000 Barrel th for Dec 2024. Russia Energy Balance: Primary: Total Crude: Natural Gas Liquids: Direct Use data is updated monthly, averaging 0.000 Barrel th from Jan 2009 (Median) to Jan 2025, with 193 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 0.000 Barrel th in Jan 2025 and a record low of 0.000 Barrel th in Jan 2025. Russia Energy Balance: Primary: Total Crude: Natural Gas Liquids: Direct Use data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Joint Organisations Data Initiative. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Russian Federation – Table RU.JODI.WDB: Energy Balance: Oil. Liquid or liquefied hydrocarbons recovered from gas separation plants and gas processing facilities; Refers to crude oil, NGL and Other which are used directly, without being processed in oil refineries, for example: crude oil burned for electricity generation

In 2024, Algeria was the main supplier of natural gas to Italy, with nearly 23.3 billion cubic meters of natural gas exported to this country. In the same year, Italy imported 5.7 billion cubic meters of natural gas from Russia. Since 2022, after the trading restrictions following the Russian invasion of Ukraine, the natural gas supply to Italy from Russia decreased sensibly. Production does not match consumption in Italy The consumption of natural gas in Italy fluctuated over time. It was over 59 billion cubic meters in 2024, while the natural gas production in Italy was only 2.8 billion cubic meters in the same year. For this reason, Italy strongly relied on gas imports from other countries.   Natural gas energy in Italy Natural gas is one of the primary energy sources in Italy. In 2024, it was the main source of the Italian energy mix, followed by oil. In 2023, the main uses of natural gas in Italy were commercial use and electricity production.

As of 2021, Russia held natural resources amounting to an estimated total value of ** trillion U.S. dollars. This figure includes the value of Russia’s many valuable natural resources, which includes coal, oil, natural gas, gold, timber, and rare earth metals, among others. Natural Resources Natural resources can be defined as resources that occur naturally and exist independently from the actions of humans. They are commonly categorized in biotic and abiotic resources, where biotic refers to living and organic materials (such as plants), and abiotic resources to refers to non-living materials (such as minerals). Furthermore, natural resources can be divided into the categories of renewable and non-renewable. Renewable resources such as wind, sunlight, and forests are not permanently depleted when we consume or utilize them. Conversely, non-renewable resources are available in finite quantities and can be permanently depleted because of this. Among the most prominently known non-renewable resources on Earth are fossil fuels such as coal, natural gas, and petroleum, usually exploited by humankind to generate energy. Natural resources and sustainability The value of natural resources is often determined by their scarcity and by their value for our modern economies. In the consumption-oriented, globalized world, industries need to balance meeting consumer demands and guaranteeing business growth while not over-exploiting and consequently depleting the natural resources of our planet. With natural resources having such high economic value and demand, in addition to the fact that many countries in the world have heavily resource-based economies, the socially, environmentally, and economically sustainable management of these resources is often an afterthought, if its considered at all. This issue is increasingly causing environmental issues, however, and more attention is now being paid by national governments and international environmental watch groups, as a result. Natural resources in the United States With a total natural resource value of ** trillion U.S. dollars, the U.S. is the second leading country worldwide based on natural resource value after Russia. Among the main contributors to the United States’ natural resource value are coal, timber, natural gas, gold, and copper. These industries have strong historic significance for the United States. The U.S. lumber industry, for example, originated during the colonial era, when importing timber from the United States saved people in the U.K. from cold winters. Nowadays, U.S. timber is mostly used for the production of pulp and paper, as well as furniture. The U.S. also has the largest proven coal reserves worldwide as of 2019. In 2020, the U.S. also accounted for *** percent of global coal production, which made the country the fifth-largest coal producer in the world.

Russia Energy Balance: Secondary: Total Oil Products: Motor and Aviation Gasoline: Receipts data was reported at 0.000 Barrel th in Jan 2025. This stayed constant from the previous number of 0.000 Barrel th for Dec 2024. Russia Energy Balance: Secondary: Total Oil Products: Motor and Aviation Gasoline: Receipts data is updated monthly, averaging 0.000 Barrel th from Jan 2009 (Median) to Jan 2025, with 193 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 0.000 Barrel th in Jan 2025 and a record low of 0.000 Barrel th in Jan 2025. Russia Energy Balance: Secondary: Total Oil Products: Motor and Aviation Gasoline: Receipts data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Joint Organisations Data Initiative. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Russian Federation – Table RU.JODI.WDB: Energy Balance: Oil. Comprises motor gasoline and aviation gasoline OLADE includes Naphtha propotion in Motor and aviation gasoline prior to use of extended JODI Oil questionnaire format.; Primary product receipts (quantities of oil used directly without processing in a refinery) + recycled products receipts for Other oil products include direct use of crude oil and NGL

Russia Energy Balance: Secondary: Total Oil Products: Kerosenes: Jet Fuel: Receipts data was reported at 0.000 Barrel/Day th in Oct 2024. This stayed constant from the previous number of 0.000 Barrel/Day th for Sep 2024. Russia Energy Balance: Secondary: Total Oil Products: Kerosenes: Jet Fuel: Receipts data is updated monthly, averaging 0.000 Barrel/Day th from Jan 2009 (Median) to Oct 2024, with 190 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 0.000 Barrel/Day th in Oct 2024 and a record low of 0.000 Barrel/Day th in Oct 2024. Russia Energy Balance: Secondary: Total Oil Products: Kerosenes: Jet Fuel: Receipts data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Joint Organisations Data Initiative. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Russian Federation – Table RU.JODI.WDB: Energy Balance: Oil. Aviation fuel used for aviation turbine power units. This amount is a subset of the amount reported under Kerosenes; Primary product receipts (quantities of oil used directly without processing in a refinery) + recycled products receipts for Other oil products include direct use of crude oil and NGL

Russia Energy Balance: Secondary: Total Oil Products: Naphtha: Receipts data was reported at 0.000 Metric Ton th in Oct 2024. This stayed constant from the previous number of 0.000 Metric Ton th for Sep 2024. Russia Energy Balance: Secondary: Total Oil Products: Naphtha: Receipts data is updated monthly, averaging 0.000 Metric Ton th from Jan 2009 (Median) to Oct 2024, with 190 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 0.000 Metric Ton th in Oct 2024 and a record low of 0.000 Metric Ton th in Oct 2024. Russia Energy Balance: Secondary: Total Oil Products: Naphtha: Receipts data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Joint Organisations Data Initiative. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Russian Federation – Table RU.JODI.WDB: Energy Balance: Oil. Comprises naphtha used as feedstocks for producing high octane gasoline and also as feedstock for the chemical/petrochemical industries; Primary product receipts (quantities of oil used directly without processing in a refinery) + recycled products receipts for Other oil products include direct use of crude oil and NGL

（停止更新）能源平衡：主要：Total Crude：其他：直接使用在01-01-2025达0.000千公吨，相较于12-01-2024的0.000千公吨保持不变。（停止更新）能源平衡：主要：Total Crude：其他：直接使用数据按月更新，01-01-2009至01-01-2025期间平均值为0.000千公吨，共193份观测结果。该数据的历史最高值出现于01-01-2025，达0.000千公吨，而历史最低值则出现于01-01-2025，为0.000千公吨。CEIC提供的（停止更新）能源平衡：主要：Total Crude：其他：直接使用数据处于定期更新的状态，数据来源于Joint Organisations Data Initiative，数据归类于全球数据库的俄罗斯联邦 – Table RU.JODI.WDB: Energy Balance: Oil。

能源平衡：主要：Total Crude：原油：炼油厂输入在01-01-2025达0.000千千升，相较于12-01-2024的0.000千千升保持不变。能源平衡：主要：Total Crude：原油：炼油厂输入数据按月更新，01-01-2002至01-01-2025期间平均值为25,114.000千千升，共277份观测结果。该数据的历史最高值出现于08-01-2019，达30,292.000千千升，而历史最低值则出现于01-01-2025，为0.000千千升。CEIC提供的能源平衡：主要：Total Crude：原油：炼油厂输入数据处于定期更新的状态，数据来源于Joint Organisations Data Initiative，数据归类于全球数据库的俄罗斯联邦 – Table RU.JODI.WDB: Energy Balance: Oil。