As of April 10, 2025, tech giants Apple, Microsoft, Nvidia, Alphabet (Google), and Amazon dominated the S&P 500 index and were among only eight companies with a market capitalization exceeding *** ******** U.S. dollars in the U.S.

This dataset contains the top 20 companies of the S&P 500 by market capitalization for each year from 1989 to 2023.

The data includes: - Year: Reference year - Rank: Company rank by market capitalization - Company: Company name - Ticker: Yahoo Finance ticker symbol - MarketCap_BillionsUSD: Market capitalization in billions of USD

The data was extracted from Finhacker and enriched with tickers.

This dataset is useful for: - Historical financial analysis - Visualization of market capitalization trends - Long-term investment research

View monthly updates and historical trends for S&P 500 Market Cap. from United States. Source: Standard and Poor's. Track economic data with YCharts analy…

List of companies in the S&P 500 (Standard and Poor’s 500).

The S&P 500 is a free-float, capitalization-weighted index of the top 500 publicly listed stocks in the US (top 500 by market cap). The dataset includes a list of all the stocks contained therein and associated key financials such as price, market capitalization, earnings, price/earnings ratio, price to book etc.

With a market capitalization of 3.12 trillion U.S. dollars as of May 2024, Microsoft was the world’s largest company that year. Rounding out the top five were some of the world’s most recognizable brands: Apple, NVIDIA, Google’s parent company Alphabet, and Amazon. Saudi Aramco led the ranking of the world's most profitable companies in 2023, with a pre-tax income of nearly 250 billion U.S. dollars. How are market value and market capitalization determined? Market value and market capitalization are two terms frequently used – and confused - when discussing the profitability and viability of companies. Strictly speaking, market capitalization (or market cap) is the worth of a company based on the total value of all their shares; an important metric when determining the comparative value of companies for trading opportunities. Accordingly, many stock exchanges such as the New York or London Stock Exchange release market capitalization data on their listed companies. On the other hand, market value technically refers to what a company is worth in a much broader context. It is determined by multiple factors, including profitability, corporate debt, and the market environment as a whole. In this sense it aims to estimate the overall value of a company, with share price only being one element. Market value is therefore useful for determining whether a company’s shares are over- or undervalued, and in arriving at a price if the company is to be sold. Such valuations are generally made on a case-by-case basis though, and not regularly reported. For this reason, market capitalization is often reported as market value. What are the top companies in the world? The answer to this question depends on the metric used. Although the largest company by market capitalization, Microsoft's global revenue did not manage to crack the top 20 companies. Rather, American multinational retailer Walmart was ranked as the largest company in the world by revenue. Walmart also had the highest number of employees in the world.

View data of the S&P 500, an index of the stocks of 500 leading companies in the US economy, which provides a gauge of the U.S. equity market.

Context

This is a comprehensive dataset including numerous financial metrics that many professionals and investing gurus often use to value companies. This data is a look at the companies that comprise the S&P 500 (Standard & Poor's 500). The S&P 500 is a capitalization-weighted index of the top 500 publicly traded companies in the United States (top 500 meaning the companies with the largest market cap). The S&P 500 index is a useful index to study because it generally reflects the health of the overall U.S. stock market. The dataset was last updated in July 2020.

Content

There are 14 rows included in this dataset: ``` - 4 character variables: - Symbol: Ticker symbol used to uniquely identify each company on a particular stock market - Name: Legal name of the company - Sector: An area of the economy where businesses share a related product or service - SEC Filings: Helpful documents relating to a company

- 10 numeric variables:
  - Price: Price per share of the company
  - Price to Earnings (PE): The ratio of a company’s share price to its earnings per share
  - Dividend Yield: The ratio of the annual dividends per share divided by the price per share
  - Earnings Per Share (EPS): A company’s profit divided by the number of shares of its stock
  - 52 week high and low: The annual high and low of a company’s share price
  - Market Cap: The market value of a company’s shares (calculated as share price x number of shares)
  - EBITDA: A company’s earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation, and amortization; often used as a proxy for its profitability
  - Price to Sales (PS): A company’s market cap divided by its total sales or revenue over the past year
  - Price to Book (PB): A company’s price per share divided by its book value

### Acknowledgements

I found this data on the website datahub at https://datahub.io/core/s-and-p-500-companies-financials/r/1.html. All references and citations should be given to them.


### Inspiration

What useful information can you gleam from this dataset? Are these fundamentals enough to predict a high-quality company? How can you determine high from low quality? What would you liked to have seen in this dataset?

The Standard and Poors (S&P) 500 stock market index, maintained by S&P Dow Jones Indices, comprises 505 common stocks issued by 500 large-cap companies and traded on American stock exchanges, and covers about 80 percent of the American equity market by capitalization. The index is weighted by free-float market capitalization, so more valuable companies account for relatively more of the index.

The Standard & Poor’s (S&P) 500 Index is an index of 500 leading publicly traded companies in the United States. In 2021, the index value closed at ******** points, which was the second highest value on record despite the economic effects of the global coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic. In 2023, the index values closed at ********, the highest value ever recorded. What is the S&P 500? The S&P 500 was established in 1860 and expanded to its present form of 500 stocks in 1957. It tracks the price of stocks on the major stock exchanges in the United States, distilling their performance down to a single number that investors can use as a snapshot of the economy’s performance at a given moment. This snapshot can be explored further. For example, the index can be examined by industry sector, which gives a more detailed illustration of the economy. Other measures Being a stock market index, the S&P 500 only measures equities performance. In addition to other stock market indices, analysts will look to other indicators such as GDP growth, unemployment rates, and projected inflation. Similarly, since these indicators say something about the economic future, stock market investors will use these indicators to speculate on the stocks in the S&P 500.

This dataset provides a fascinating look into the ever-changing landscape of the S&P 500 by tracking the top 30 companies by market capitalization from 2010 to 2024. Explore which giants consistently held their ground, which rising stars broke into the ranks, and which former leaders faded from the top.

With columns for 'Year', 'Ticker', 'Weight', '1Y_P' (1-year historical return), '1Y_F' (1-year forward return), 'Industry', and 'Sector', this dataset is a goldmine for analyzing:

Market Concentration: How has the weight of the top companies changed over time? Sector Shifts: Which sectors have dominated the top ranks, and how has this evolved? Performance of Leaders: How did the top companies perform in the year they were included and the year after? Turnover Analysis: Identify which companies were added and removed from the top 30 each year and investigate potential reasons. Whether you're a seasoned quantitative analyst, a student of market trends, or simply curious about the companies shaping the US economy, this dataset offers a unique perspective on market dynamics and the forces driving the S&P 500.

Potential Use Cases:

Time Series Analysis of Market Cap Concentration. Studying sector rotation and dominance. Backtesting strategies based on top-performing companies. Analyzing the characteristics of companies entering or leaving the top 30. Educational purposes for understanding market structure. Dive in and uncover the stories behind the numbers in the S&P 500's top tier!

View monthly updates and historical trends for S&P 500. from United States. Source: Standard and Poor's. Track economic data with YCharts analytics.

This dataset provides comprehensive financial information for companies listed in the S&P 500 index. The dataset encompasses a range of fundamental financial metrics and attributes, making it a valuable resource for financial analysis, investment research, and market insights.

Features:

Symbol: The unique stock symbol or ticker identifier for each S&P 500 company.

Name: The official name or full corporate title of each company.

Sector: The sector to which the company belongs, categorizing it into specific industry groups within the S&P 500.

Price: The current trading price of the company's stock.

Price/Earnings: The price-to-earnings (P/E) ratio, a key valuation metric, indicating the relationship between the stock's price and its earnings per share.

Dividend Yield: The dividend yield, representing the ratio of the annual dividend payment to the stock's current price.

Earnings/Share: The earnings per share (EPS), a measure of a company's profitability, calculated as earnings divided by the number of outstanding shares.

52 Week Low: The lowest price at which the stock has traded over the past 52 weeks.

52 Week High: The highest price at which the stock has traded over the past 52 weeks.

Market Cap: The total market capitalization of the company, representing the product of the stock's current price and the total number of outstanding shares.

EBITDA: Earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation, and amortization, a measure of a company's operating performance.

Price/Sales: The price-to-sales ratio, which compares the stock's price to the company's revenue per share.

Price/Book: The price-to-book (P/B) ratio, comparing the stock's price to its book value per share, an indicator of the stock's relative value.

SEC Filings: Information regarding the company's filings with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC), providing transparency and compliance data.

Graph and download economic data for Stock Market Capitalization to GDP for United States (DDDM01USA156NWDB) from 1975 to 2020 about market cap, stock market, capital, GDP, and USA.

Context

The S&P 500,[2] or simply the S&P,[4] is a stock market index that measures the stock performance of 500 large companies listed on stock exchanges in the United States. It is one of the most commonly followed equity indices.[5] The average annual total return and compound annual growth rate of the index, including dividends, since inception in 1926 has been approximately 9.8%, or 6% after inflation; however, there were several years where the index declined over 30%.[6][7] The index has posted annual increases 70% of the time.[5] However, the index has only made new highs on 5% of trading days, meaning that on 95% of trading days, the index has closed below its all-time high.[8]

For a list of the components of the index, see List of S&P 500 companies. The components that have increased their dividends in 25 consecutive years are known as the S&P 500 Dividend Aristocrats.[9]:25

The S&P 500 index is a capitalization-weighted index and the 10 largest companies in the index account for 26% of the market capitalization of the index. The 10 largest companies in the index, in order of weighting, are Apple Inc., Microsoft, Amazon.com, Alphabet Inc., Facebook, Johnson & Johnson, Berkshire Hathaway, Visa Inc., Procter & Gamble and JPMorgan Chase, respectively.[2]

Funds that track the index have been recommended as investments by Warren Buffett, Burton Malkiel, and John C. Bogle for investors with long time horizons.[10]

Although the index includes only companies listed in the United States, companies in the index derive on average only 71% of their revenue in the United States.[11]

The index is one of the factors in computation of the Conference Board Leading Economic Index, used to forecast the direction of the economy.[12]

The index is associated with many ticker symbols, including: ^GSPC,[13] INX,[14] and $SPX, depending on market or website.[15] The index value is updated every 15 seconds, or 1,559 times per trading day, with price updates disseminated by Reuters.[16]

The S&P 500 is maintained by S&P Dow Jones Indices, a joint venture majority-owned by S&P Global and its components are selected by a committee.[17][18]

Content

What's inside is more than just rows and columns. Make it easy for others to get started by describing how you acquired the data and what time period it represents, too.

Acknowledgements

We wouldn't be here without the help of others. If you owe any attributions or thanks, include them here along with any citations of past research.

Inspiration

Your data will be in front of the world's largest data science community. What questions do you want to see answered?

View monthly updates and historical trends for S&P 500 Monthly Return. from United States. Source: Standard and Poor's. Track economic data with YCharts a…

Enterprise value to earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization (EV/EBITDA) is a key measurement ratio used as a metric of valuing whether a company is under or overvalued as compared to a historical industry average. The S&P 500 (Standard & Poor’s) is an index of the 500 largest U.S. publicly traded companies by market capitalization. In 2023, the consumer staples sector displayed the highest EV/EBITDA multiple with *****.

In 2018, the intangible value of all companies on the S&P 500 Index was ***** trillion U.S. dollars. During the same year, the value of tangible assets of the same companies was only **** trillion U.S. dollars.

Prices for United States Stock Market Index (US500) including live quotes, historical charts and news. United States Stock Market Index (US500) was last updated by Trading Economics this December 1 of 2025.

📊 About Dataset This dataset provides a comprehensive historical record of the S&P 500's constituent companies and their respective weights, spanning from September 30, 2000, to 2024.

The data is sourced from the annual reports of the SPDR S&P 500 ETF (SPY), the largest and oldest exchange-traded fund that tracks the S&P 500. Because the SPY ETF's investment strategy is to hold all 500 stocks in the index in direct proportion to their index weighting, its holdings report is a precise, real-world snapshot of the S&P 500's composition at that time.

This dataset offers a clean, point-in-time view of the market's structure, allowing for analysis that avoids "survivorship bias" (i.e., analyzing only the companies that are currently in the index). It is a valuable resource for quantitative analysts, financial researchers, and data scientists looking to study the evolution of the U.S. large-cap market.

Each file represents an annual snapshot, typically from the end of the fiscal year (September 30th), and contains a list of all companies held by the ETF and their percentage weight in the portfolio.

💡 Potential Use Cases This historical data is ideal for a wide range of financial analysis, quantitative modeling, and academic research.

Market & Sector Trend Analysis:

Visualize the evolution of the U.S. economy by tracking the rise and fall of sector weights over time. For example, you can map the decline of Industrials and Energy and the dramatic rise of the Information Technology sector since 2000.

Analyze the changing landscape of top-tier companies, observing how giants from 2000 (like GE, Exxon, and Cisco) were replaced by today's tech leaders (like Apple, Microsoft, and Nvidia).

Quantitative Strategy Backtesting:

Build and test investment strategies against a historically accurate benchmark. For example, you could test a "sector rotation" strategy based on economic indicators and see how it would have performed.

Simulate portfolio performance without survivorship bias, leading to more realistic and robust backtest results.

Market Concentration Analysis:

Track the concentration of the index in its top 10 holdings.

Analyze how today's market concentration compares to historical periods like the 2000 dot-com bubble, which can be an indicator of market risk.

Academic & Economic Research:

Study the relationship between sector performance and the business cycle. For instance, do certain sectors (like Consumer Staples) consistently outperform during recessions?

Analyze factor investing (e.g., Value, Growth, Momentum) by applying factor definitions to the index constituents at each point in time.

Portfolio Management & Benchmarking:

Use the historical data as a benchmark to evaluate the performance of an active investment portfolio.

Analyze a portfolio's "active share" and "tracking error" against the S&P 500's actual composition from any given year.

As of November 14, 2021, all S&P 500 sector indices had recovered to levels above those of January 2020, prior to full economic effects of the global coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic taking hold. However, different sectors recovered at different rates to sit at widely different levels above their pre-pandemic levels. This suggests that the effect of the coronavirus on financial markets in the United States is directly affected by how the virus has impacted various parts of the underlying economy. Which industry performed the best during the coronavirus pandemic? Companies operating in the information technology (IT) sector have been the clear winners from the pandemic, with the IT S&P 500 sector index sitting at almost ** percent above early 2020 levels as of November 2021. This is perhaps not surprising given this industry includes some of the companies who benefitted the most from the pandemic such as ************** and *******. The reason for these companies’ success is clear – as shops were shuttered and social gatherings heavily restricted due to the pandemic, online services such shopping and video streaming were in high demand. The success of the IT sector is also reflected in the performance of global share markets during the coronavirus pandemic, with tech-heavy NASDAQ being the best performing major market worldwide. Which industry performed the worst during the pandemic? Conversely, energy companies fared the worst during the pandemic, with the S&P 500 sector index value sitting below its early 2020 value as late as July 2021. Since then it has somewhat recovered, and was around ** percent above January 2020 levels as of October 2021. This reflects the fact that many oil companies were among the share prices suffering the largest declines over 2020. A primary driver for this was falling demand for fuel in line with the reduction in tourism and commuting caused by lockdowns all over the world. However, as increasing COVID-19 vaccination rates throughout 2021 led to lockdowns being lifted and global tourism reopening, demand has again risen - reflected by the recent increase in the S&P 500 energy index.