In 2024, the highest amount of crimes recorded in the state of São Paulo was for thievery, excluding vehicle thievery, with more than half a million cases. The second most common crime was robberies, with nearly 189,000 incidences.

In 2024, six of the eight Brazilian cities with the highest homicide rates were in the Northeast. Feira da Santana led the ranking of the most violent city in Brazil, with a murder rate of ***** per 100,000 inhabitants. It was followed followed by Recife, with a homicide rate of more than ** per 100,000 inhabitants. In Latin America and the Caribbean, Feira da Santana was the **** most deadly city.

Content

This dataset contain official crime statistics from São Paulo state cities (Brazil) and were prepared based on information available on the Civil State Police statistics site: http://www.ssp.sp.gov.br/Estatistica/Pesquisa.aspx

• Period available:

  • Crime Monthly Occurrences and Policy productivity: 2001 - May, 2021 Note: in both datasets, decimal separator is a point (".") .

  • Crime rates (annual rates available): 1999 -2020 (available for some of the cities) Note: in this dataset, decimal separator is a comma (",") .

• Data and labels in brazilian portuguese.

• Information about crime type interpretation (available only in brazilian portuguese) in: http://www.ssp.sp.gov.br/Estatistica/download/manual.pdf

• Datasets prepared with Selenium (webscraping) and Pandas libraries in Python.

Author: Dalciana B. Waller https://github.com/DBWALLER

In the state of São Paulo, Brazil, the population in 2021 was composed by 63.7 percent of people who identified as white. However, this ethnic group only represented 31 percent of the civilians killed by security agents. Meanwhile, 69 percent of civilian deaths caused by the police were black people, who constituted a little more than a third of the state's population. Moreover, the share of people of black ethnicity killed by the police in the state's capital reached nearly 70 percent of the total that year.

Although Brazil remains severely affected by civil violence, the state of São Paulo has made significant inroads into fighting criminality. In the last decade, São Paulo has witnessed a 70% decline in homicide rates, a result that policy-makers attribute to a series of crime-reducing measures implemented by the state government. While recent academic studies seem to confirm this downward trend, no estimation of the total impact of state policies on homicide rates currently exists. The present article fills this gap by employing the synthetic control method to compare these measures against an artificial São Paulo. The results indicate a large drop in homicide rates in actual São Paulo when contrasted with the synthetic counterfactual, with about 20,000 lives saved during the period. The theoretical usefulness of the synthetic control method for public policy analysis, the role of the Primeiro Comando da Capital as a causal mediator, and the practical implications of the security measures taken by the São Paulo state government are also discussed.

The objective was to assess the effect of age, period, and birth cohort on the time trend in mortality from homicides in men in the states of the Northeast and Southeast regions of Brazil from 1980 to 2014. This was an ecological time trend study. PCA models were estimated using estimable functions in inference of the parameters. Mortality and population data were obtained from the Brazilian Health Informatics Department. State-by-state mortality rates from homicide were standardized by the direct method, with the world population as the standard, as proposed by the World Health Organization. The Northeast region recorded 317,711 deaths from homicides and the Southeast 544,640 deaths, corresponding, respectively, corresponding to mean standardized rates of 58.68 and 64.68 deaths per 100,000 men. The highest mean standardized mortality rates were observed in the states of Alagoas (157.74 deaths) and Pernambuco (109.58 deaths). All the states showed an increase in mortality up to the third decade of life, with a progressive reduction in the other age brackets. There was an upward trend in all the states of the Northeast and in Minas Gerais and Espírito Santo in the Southeast, while in the other states there was a downward trend. All the states showed an increase in the risk of death in the younger age brackets, except for the state of São Paulo, which showed the inverse profile. The current study’s findings may correlate with the process of discontinuity in the cohort, in which members of wide cohorts found less opportunity for access to employment, income, and education, thus increasing the risk of involvement in crime and death from homicide.

During the Brazilian Carnival season of 2020, more than 2.4 thousand were arrested throughout the state of São Paulo. Nearly one quarter of those arrests corresponded to people who had already been convicted but were fleeing from justice.

Abstract The scope of this paper is to analyze the variation of the spatial pattern of the homicide rate in Brazil between 2000 and 2015. It is an ecological study by micro-regions of homicides taken from the Mortality Information System, using Moran indexes, and critical area clusters (95% CI). The rate increased by 6% (to 29.1/100,000 inhabitants (95% CI 28.9, 29.4), and in 80% of the micro regions between 2000 and 2015. The areas with high rates (> 38.2/100,000) increased 2.7-fold. In 2000, the highest rates were concentrated in areas in Pernambuco, São Paulo, Mato Grosso and Rio de Janeiro; by 2015, it will affect most states in the North and Northeast. The coastal regions of the Northeast and borders of Pará and Maranhão in the Amazon are critical areas. The lowest rate (19.1/100,000) is in São Paulo and Santa Catarina micro regions, with less critical clusters in the Southeast and South regions. Homicides have expanded into the interior of Brazil, with displacement between regions, mainly gravitating towards the poorest, which exhibit more critical areas in several scenarios, such as state borders and the coast. Conversely, there is marked contraction of homicides in states of highly developed regions with the presence of less critical areas. Key words Homicide

Data about homicide rate and the relationship with drug market and socioeconomic factors

Supplementary material for computing a blue-crime index to Brazil. The Excel files include the Brazilian Public Security Yearbook and data used in the index.

The number of femicides, murders committed against women because of their gender, in Brazil slightly increased in 2024 in comparison to the previous year. Throughout 2024, ***** femicides were registered in Brazil, up from ***** recorded one year before. That year, the Brazilian state with the highest number of femicides was São Paulo.

BackgroundHomicide kills more people than war globally and is associated with income inequality. In Brazil, one of the most unequal countries of the world, the homicide rate is four times higher than the world average. Establishing if the Brazilian conditional cash transfer programme [Bolsa Familia Programme (BFP)], the largest in the world, is associated with a reduction in the rate of homicide is relevant for violence prevention programs. We aimed to assess the effect of BFP coverage on homicide and hospitalization rates from violence.MethodsBFP coverage and rates of homicide (overall and disaggregated by sex and age) and hospitalizations from violence from all 5,507 Brazilian municipalities between 2004 and 2012 were explored using multivariable negative binomial regression models with fixed effect for panel data. Robustness of results was explored using sensitivity analyses such as difference-in-difference models.FindingsHomicide rates and hospitalization from violence decreased as BFP coverage in the target population increased. For each percent increase in the uptake of the BFP, the homicide rate decreased by 0.3% (Rate Ratio:0.997; 95%CI:0.996–0.997) and hospitalizations from violence by 0.4% (RR: 0.996;95%CI:0.995–0.996). Rates of homicide and hospitalizations from violence were also negatively associated with the duration of BFP coverage. When, coverage of the target population was at least 70% for one-year, hospitalizations from violence decreased by 8%; two-years 14%, three-years 20%, and four years 25%.InterpretationOur results support the hypothesis that conditional cash transfer programs might have as an additional benefit the prevention of homicides and hospitalizations from violence. Social protection interventions could contribute to decrease levels of violence in low-and-middle-income-countries through reducing poverty and/or socioeconomic inequalities.

Abstract Macrosociological theories of criminal violence predict that the rate of violent crimes, especially intentional homicide, increases in response to social structures and processes that strengthen violent motivations or weaken social controls on violence. To test these hypotheses, we used several bivariate and multivariate regression models with panel data and variables constructed with demographic and mortality data, according to theoretical relevance, to verify whether the use of psychoactive substances, access to firearms, sociodemographic structures (population growth and density and proportion of young men), and the prevalence of socioeconomic exclusion increased the rate of intentional homicides in Brazilian microregions between 1996 and 2019. Most of the results significantly support the hypotheses. But the most powerful factor was the previous year’s homicide rate. This reveals an endogenous feedback tendency of violence in the short and medium terms, which can lead to the accumulation of the effects of the structural factors of intentional homicides.

abstract This work identifies and analyzes characteristics of the census sections of São Paulo’s capital, grouping them in eight different patterns. In order to separate these areas into clusters (segments) representing intragroup homogeneity, variables were selected that take into account the conditions and changes of the population, environment, crime rates, housing, mobility and urban expansion. Each of these clusters (segments) portrays a different demographic profile and urban pattern. Thus, it is proposed that clustering these similar groups (i.e., reducing intragroup variance/variation and maximizing the intergroup variance/variation) enables a better understanding of the city’s singularities and of what these singularities entail. Furthermore, an inter- and transdisciplinary perspective highlights the need to adjust the sampling, data collection and valuation strategies, as well as the identification, description, and study of São Paulo’s capital.

In 2024, Brazil's homicide rate reached **** incidents per 100,000 people. This is the lowest figure recorded in the country since 2012.

Acoustic Scene Analysis in Patrol Cars Market Outlook

According to our latest research, the Global Acoustic Scene Analysis in Patrol Cars market size was valued at $1.2 billion in 2024 and is projected to reach $3.9 billion by 2033, expanding at a robust CAGR of 14.1% during 2024–2033. The rapid integration of advanced acoustic scene analysis technologies in patrol cars is primarily driven by the urgent need for real-time situational awareness and enhanced public safety. Law enforcement agencies and security organizations globally are increasingly deploying these systems to enable faster incident detection, improve response times, and leverage data-driven insights for operational efficiency. The market is further bolstered by the proliferation of AI-powered audio analytics, which transform raw sound data into actionable intelligence, thereby revolutionizing the way patrol cars contribute to urban safety and crime prevention initiatives.

Regional Outlook

North America holds the largest share of the Acoustic Scene Analysis in Patrol Cars market, accounting for over 38% of global revenue in 2024. This dominance is underpinned by the region's mature law enforcement infrastructure, early adoption of advanced automotive technologies, and robust government funding for public safety initiatives. The United States, in particular, has seen significant investments in smart policing solutions, with agencies such as the NYPD and LAPD piloting and scaling acoustic scene analysis systems in patrol fleets. Policy mandates around officer safety and crime reduction have further accelerated the deployment of these technologies. Additionally, the presence of leading technology vendors and a highly skilled workforce support ongoing innovation and widespread adoption across municipal and state police departments.

The Asia Pacific region is the fastest-growing market, projected to expand at a remarkable CAGR of 17.8% from 2024 to 2033. This rapid growth is driven by increasing urbanization, rising crime rates in metropolitan areas, and substantial government investments in smart city and public safety projects. Countries like China, Japan, and South Korea are at the forefront, integrating acoustic analysis tools into next-generation patrol vehicles as part of broader digital policing strategies. Local governments are partnering with global and regional technology providers to deploy scalable, cloud-based acoustic surveillance systems. These efforts are supported by favorable regulatory frameworks, growing public awareness, and a burgeoning ecosystem of AI and IoT startups focused on law enforcement applications.

Emerging economies in Latin America and the Middle East & Africa are witnessing gradual adoption of acoustic scene analysis in patrol cars, albeit with unique challenges. Limited budgets, infrastructure gaps, and varying regulatory standards often hinder large-scale deployments. However, localized demand for enhanced surveillance and emergency response capabilities is on the rise, especially in urban centers grappling with high crime rates and public safety concerns. Policymakers in cities such as São Paulo, Mexico City, and Dubai are exploring pilot projects and public-private partnerships to overcome resource constraints and accelerate technology uptake. As global vendors adapt solutions to meet region-specific requirements and offer flexible financing models, adoption rates are expected to climb steadily over the forecast period.

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In 2024, São Paulo was the Brazilian state that had the highest number of car thefts and break-ins, totaling approximately 125,690. It was followed by Rio de Janeiro state with 48,270 cases reported. Over 344,000 vehicle thefts and break-ins in the South American country during 2024 were recorded.

In 2024, there were a total of 2,532 shootings registered in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. March was the month with the most shootings in each of the given years, except for 2024 - in that year, there were 254 occurrences, or about 10 percent of the year's total. The lowest number of shootings in the given period occurred in August 2023 when 153 cases were recorded. Police violence in Rio In 2022, the Supreme Court ordered the state government of Rio de Janeiro to come up with a plan to reduce police lethality, as the level of violence in police actions was deemed unacceptable, due to high numbers of casualties and human rights violations. The number of civilians killed as a result of police intervention more than quadrupled between 2013 and 2019, reaching a record number of 1,814 that year. Despite the decrease in comparison to 2019, every year from 2020 to 2022 saw more than 1,200 civilians being killed. Furthermore, it is deemed that there is structural racism in the actions of security forces. For instance, 80 percent of the deaths caused by police interventions in the state during 2023 were of people of color. Shootings and massacres in Rio Civil society and public institutions have made proposals to alleviate this situation. One of them is the ADPF 635 (Allegation of Violation of a Fundamental Precept), also known as ADPF Favelas Case, presented by the Brazilian Socialist Party, and whose preliminary approval took place in June 2020. The measure restricted unplanned police operations in the favelas during the pandemic. Despite its frequent violations, it showed evident results. Shootings fell from 7,368 in 2019 to less than 3,000 in 2024. Over one third of documented shootings in 2024 were due to police operations, while 288 were motivated by murder or attempted murder, the second most common reason. In March 2022, the government of Rio de Janeiro published a plan to reduce deaths during police operations. That year, the State of Rio de Janeiro recorded 92 fewer deaths than the previous year, and the number has fallen every year since.

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