Chart and table of population level and growth rate for the Sao Paulo, Brazil metro area from 1950 to 2025.

In 2025, approximately 23 million people lived in the São Paulo metropolitan area, making it the biggest in Latin America and the Caribbean and the sixth most populated in the world. The homonymous state of São Paulo was also the most populous federal entity in the country. The second place for the region was Mexico City with 22.75 million inhabitants. Brazil's cities Brazil is home to two large metropolises, only counting the population within the city limits, São Paulo had approximately 11.45 million inhabitants, and Rio de Janeiro around 6.21 million inhabitants. It also contains a number of smaller, but well known cities such as Brasília, Salvador, Belo Horizonte and many others, which report between 2 and 3 million inhabitants each. As a result, the country's population is primarily urban, with nearly 88 percent of inhabitants living in cities. Mexico City Mexico City's metropolitan area ranks sevenths in the ranking of most populated cities in the world. Founded over the Aztec city of Tenochtitlan in 1521 after the Spanish conquest as the capital of the Viceroyalty of New Spain, the city still stands as one of the most important in Latin America. Nevertheless, the preeminent economic, political, and cultural position of Mexico City has not prevented the metropolis from suffering the problems affecting the rest of the country, namely, inequality and violence. Only in 2023, the city registered a crime incidence of 52,723 reported cases for every 100,000 inhabitants and around 24 percent of the population lived under the poverty line.

In 202, according to the estimation, the Brazilian state of São Paulo was home to nearly 46 million people, making it the most populous state in the South American country. With less than half of São Paulo's population, Minas Gerais was the second most populous state in Brazil at that time. These two states are located in the South-East region of the country. Along with Rio de Janeiro and Espírito Santo, these states constitute Brazil's most populated region.

Consumer Price Index (CPI): IPC-SP-M: São Paulo data was reported at 717.454 Dec2019=100 in Apr 2025. This records an increase from the previous number of 713.541 Dec2019=100 for Mar 2025. Consumer Price Index (CPI): IPC-SP-M: São Paulo data is updated monthly, averaging 327.275 Dec2019=100 from May 1996 (Median) to Apr 2025, with 348 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 717.454 Dec2019=100 in Apr 2025 and a record low of 147.104 Dec2019=100 in May 1996. Consumer Price Index (CPI): IPC-SP-M: São Paulo data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Getulio Vargas Foundation. The data is categorized under Brazil Premium Database’s Inflation – Table BR.FGV: Consumer Price Index: by Metropolitan Region.

Brazil BR: Sao Paulo-Guarulhos Intl Airport: Passenger Movement: Intl data was reported at 1,341,372.000 Person in Mar 2025. This records an increase from the previous number of 1,231,525.000 Person for Feb 2025. Brazil BR: Sao Paulo-Guarulhos Intl Airport: Passenger Movement: Intl data is updated monthly, averaging 1,122,505.000 Person from Jan 2013 (Median) to Mar 2025, with 147 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 1,464,534.000 Person in Jul 2024 and a record low of 39,889.000 Person in Apr 2020. Brazil BR: Sao Paulo-Guarulhos Intl Airport: Passenger Movement: Intl data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by São Paulo-Guarulhos International Airport. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Brazil – Table BR.TA019: Airport Statistics: Sao Paulo-Guarulhos International Airport. [COVID-19-IMPACT]

Brazil BR: Sao Paulo-Guarulhos Intl Airport: Passenger Movement data was reported at 3,680,984.000 Person in Mar 2025. This records an increase from the previous number of 3,351,371.000 Person for Feb 2025. Brazil BR: Sao Paulo-Guarulhos Intl Airport: Passenger Movement data is updated monthly, averaging 3,172,000.000 Person from Jan 2013 (Median) to Mar 2025, with 147 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 4,233,709.000 Person in Jan 2020 and a record low of 279,407.000 Person in Apr 2020. Brazil BR: Sao Paulo-Guarulhos Intl Airport: Passenger Movement data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by São Paulo-Guarulhos International Airport. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Brazil – Table BR.TA019: Airport Statistics: Sao Paulo-Guarulhos International Airport. [COVID-19-IMPACT]

Brazil Market Capitalization: Sao Paulo Stock Exchange: USD data was reported at 788.626 USD bn in Apr 2025. This records an increase from the previous number of 752.324 USD bn for Mar 2025. Brazil Market Capitalization: Sao Paulo Stock Exchange: USD data is updated monthly, averaging 762.035 USD bn from Jan 1995 (Median) to Apr 2025, with 364 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 1,593.579 USD bn in Apr 2011 and a record low of 109.250 USD bn in Oct 2002. Brazil Market Capitalization: Sao Paulo Stock Exchange: USD data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by B3 S.A. - Brasil, Bolsa, Balcão. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Brazil – Table BR.ZA005: B3 S.A. – Brasil, Bolsa, Balcao: Market Capitalization: USD.

Brazil Index: Sao Paulo Stock Exchange: Electric Power Index data was reported at 96,101.000 29Dec1994=1000 in Apr 2025. This records an increase from the previous number of 85,279.930 29Dec1994=1000 for Mar 2025. Brazil Index: Sao Paulo Stock Exchange: Electric Power Index data is updated monthly, averaging 24,854.495 29Dec1994=1000 from Sep 1996 (Median) to Apr 2025, with 344 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 96,101.000 29Dec1994=1000 in Apr 2025 and a record low of 1,356.640 29Dec1994=1000 in Jan 1999. Brazil Index: Sao Paulo Stock Exchange: Electric Power Index data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by B3 S.A. - Brasil, Bolsa, Balcão. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Brazil – Table BR.ZA002: B3 S.A. – Brasil, Bolsa, Balcao: Index: Monthly.

Brazil Number of Public Company: CVM: Sao Paulo Stock Exchange data was reported at 365.000 Unit in Mar 2025. This records a decrease from the previous number of 366.000 Unit for Feb 2025. Brazil Number of Public Company: CVM: Sao Paulo Stock Exchange data is updated monthly, averaging 375.000 Unit from Jan 1995 (Median) to Mar 2025, with 363 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 557.000 Unit in May 1997 and a record low of 323.000 Unit in Sep 2019. Brazil Number of Public Company: CVM: Sao Paulo Stock Exchange data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by B3 S.A. - Brasil, Bolsa, Balcão. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Brazil – Table BR.ZA014: Primary Market.

Construction Cost: State: Sao Paulo data was reported at 1,914.970 BRL/sq m in Apr 2025. This records an increase from the previous number of 1,914.580 BRL/sq m for Mar 2025. Construction Cost: State: Sao Paulo data is updated monthly, averaging 921.950 BRL/sq m from Mar 1986 (Median) to Apr 2025, with 470 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 15,096,935.700 BRL/sq m in Jul 1993 and a record low of 205.080 BRL/sq m in Jan 1989. Construction Cost: State: Sao Paulo data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Brazil – Table BR.EA004: Construction Cost: Average: by Region and State. Average costs at the level of Federation Units: Costs are estimated by the weighted average of the costs of residential projects with a normal finishing standard; For this calculation, the weight (relative importance) of each project is considered in the most populous municipality of each geographic area.

COVID-19: No. of Tests: Serious Cases: New: RT-PCR Tests: by State: Southeast: São Paulo: Ignored data was reported at 0.000 Unit in 28 Mar 2025. This stayed constant from the previous number of 0.000 Unit for 27 Mar 2025. COVID-19: No. of Tests: Serious Cases: New: RT-PCR Tests: by State: Southeast: São Paulo: Ignored data is updated daily, averaging 0.000 Unit from Aug 2002 (Median) to 28 Mar 2025, with 8247 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 0.000 Unit in 28 Mar 2025 and a record low of 0.000 Unit in 28 Mar 2025. COVID-19: No. of Tests: Serious Cases: New: RT-PCR Tests: by State: Southeast: São Paulo: Ignored data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Ministry of Health. The data is categorized under Brazil Premium Database’s Health Sector – Table BR.HLA003: Disease Outbreaks: COVID-19: Number of Tests: Serious Cases.

Number of Establishments: Business Entities: Southeast: São Paulo: Barra do Turvo data was reported at 0.000 Unit in Mar 2025. This stayed constant from the previous number of 0.000 Unit for Feb 2025. Number of Establishments: Business Entities: Southeast: São Paulo: Barra do Turvo data is updated monthly, averaging 0.000 Unit from Jun 2012 (Median) to Mar 2025, with 154 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 0.000 Unit in Mar 2025 and a record low of 0.000 Unit in Mar 2025. Number of Establishments: Business Entities: Southeast: São Paulo: Barra do Turvo data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Ministry of Health. The data is categorized under Brazil Premium Database’s Health Sector – Table BR.HLB025: Number of Establishments: by Municipality: Southeast: São Paulo. [COVID-19-IMPACT]

Number of Establishments: Public Administration: Southeast: São Paulo: Monte Azul Paulista data was reported at 0.000 Unit in Mar 2025. This stayed constant from the previous number of 0.000 Unit for Feb 2025. Number of Establishments: Public Administration: Southeast: São Paulo: Monte Azul Paulista data is updated monthly, averaging 0.000 Unit from Jun 2012 (Median) to Mar 2025, with 154 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 0.000 Unit in Mar 2025 and a record low of 0.000 Unit in Mar 2025. Number of Establishments: Public Administration: Southeast: São Paulo: Monte Azul Paulista data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Ministry of Health. The data is categorized under Brazil Premium Database’s Health Sector – Table BR.HLB025: Number of Establishments: by Municipality: Southeast: São Paulo. [COVID-19-IMPACT]

Brazil BR: Sao Paulo-Guarulhos Intl Airport: Passenger Movement: Domestic data was reported at 2,339,612.000 Person in Mar 2025. This records an increase from the previous number of 2,119,846.000 Person for Feb 2025. Brazil BR: Sao Paulo-Guarulhos Intl Airport: Passenger Movement: Domestic data is updated monthly, averaging 2,100,000.000 Person from Jan 2013 (Median) to Mar 2025, with 147 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 2,960,334.000 Person in Jan 2020 and a record low of 239,518.000 Person in Apr 2020. Brazil BR: Sao Paulo-Guarulhos Intl Airport: Passenger Movement: Domestic data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by São Paulo-Guarulhos International Airport. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Brazil – Table BR.TA019: Airport Statistics: Sao Paulo-Guarulhos International Airport. [COVID-19-IMPACT]

Number of Establishments: Nonprofit Entities: Southeast: São Paulo: Anhumas data was reported at 0.000 Unit in Mar 2025. This stayed constant from the previous number of 0.000 Unit for Feb 2025. Number of Establishments: Nonprofit Entities: Southeast: São Paulo: Anhumas data is updated monthly, averaging 0.000 Unit from Jun 2012 (Median) to Mar 2025, with 154 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 0.000 Unit in Mar 2025 and a record low of 0.000 Unit in Mar 2025. Number of Establishments: Nonprofit Entities: Southeast: São Paulo: Anhumas data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Ministry of Health. The data is categorized under Brazil Premium Database’s Health Sector – Table BR.HLB025: Number of Establishments: by Municipality: Southeast: São Paulo. [COVID-19-IMPACT]

Number of Establishments: Nonprofit Entities: Southeast: São Paulo: Peruíbe data was reported at 0.000 Unit in Mar 2025. This stayed constant from the previous number of 0.000 Unit for Feb 2025. Number of Establishments: Nonprofit Entities: Southeast: São Paulo: Peruíbe data is updated monthly, averaging 0.000 Unit from Jun 2012 (Median) to Mar 2025, with 154 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 0.000 Unit in Mar 2025 and a record low of 0.000 Unit in Mar 2025. Number of Establishments: Nonprofit Entities: Southeast: São Paulo: Peruíbe data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Ministry of Health. The data is categorized under Brazil Premium Database’s Health Sector – Table BR.HLB025: Number of Establishments: by Municipality: Southeast: São Paulo. [COVID-19-IMPACT]

Number of Establishments: Business Entities: Southeast: São Paulo: Flórida Paulista data was reported at 0.000 Unit in Mar 2025. This stayed constant from the previous number of 0.000 Unit for Feb 2025. Number of Establishments: Business Entities: Southeast: São Paulo: Flórida Paulista data is updated monthly, averaging 0.000 Unit from Jun 2012 (Median) to Mar 2025, with 154 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 0.000 Unit in Mar 2025 and a record low of 0.000 Unit in Mar 2025. Number of Establishments: Business Entities: Southeast: São Paulo: Flórida Paulista data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Ministry of Health. The data is categorized under Brazil Premium Database’s Health Sector – Table BR.HLB025: Number of Establishments: by Municipality: Southeast: São Paulo. [COVID-19-IMPACT]

Number of Establishments: Business Entities: Southeast: São Paulo: Barra Bonita data was reported at 0.000 Unit in Mar 2025. This stayed constant from the previous number of 0.000 Unit for Feb 2025. Number of Establishments: Business Entities: Southeast: São Paulo: Barra Bonita data is updated monthly, averaging 0.000 Unit from Jun 2012 (Median) to Mar 2025, with 154 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 0.000 Unit in Mar 2025 and a record low of 0.000 Unit in Mar 2025. Number of Establishments: Business Entities: Southeast: São Paulo: Barra Bonita data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Ministry of Health. The data is categorized under Brazil Premium Database’s Health Sector – Table BR.HLB025: Number of Establishments: by Municipality: Southeast: São Paulo. [COVID-19-IMPACT]

Number of Establishments: Nonprofit Entities: Southeast: São Paulo: Buri data was reported at 0.000 Unit in Mar 2025. This stayed constant from the previous number of 0.000 Unit for Feb 2025. Number of Establishments: Nonprofit Entities: Southeast: São Paulo: Buri data is updated monthly, averaging 0.000 Unit from Jun 2012 (Median) to Mar 2025, with 154 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 0.000 Unit in Mar 2025 and a record low of 0.000 Unit in Mar 2025. Number of Establishments: Nonprofit Entities: Southeast: São Paulo: Buri data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Ministry of Health. The data is categorized under Brazil Premium Database’s Health Sector – Table BR.HLB025: Number of Establishments: by Municipality: Southeast: São Paulo. [COVID-19-IMPACT]

Number of Establishments: Nonprofit Entities: Southeast: São Paulo: Marabá Paulista data was reported at 0.000 Unit in Mar 2025. This stayed constant from the previous number of 0.000 Unit for Feb 2025. Number of Establishments: Nonprofit Entities: Southeast: São Paulo: Marabá Paulista data is updated monthly, averaging 0.000 Unit from Jun 2012 (Median) to Mar 2025, with 154 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 0.000 Unit in Mar 2025 and a record low of 0.000 Unit in Mar 2025. Number of Establishments: Nonprofit Entities: Southeast: São Paulo: Marabá Paulista data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Ministry of Health. The data is categorized under Brazil Premium Database’s Health Sector – Table BR.HLB025: Number of Establishments: by Municipality: Southeast: São Paulo. [COVID-19-IMPACT]