In 2023, the highest regional Gross Domestic Product in Italy was registered in the northern region of Lombardy, roughly 490 billion euros, followed by Lazio, about 239 billion euros, and Veneto, 137 billion euros. The lowest GDP was recorded in Aosta Valley, in the north, and in Molise, in the south of Italy. A deep economic gap Among the top-10 Italian regions with the highest GDP, five are located in the north of the country: Lombardy, Veneto, Emilia Romagna, Piedmont, and Liguria. Campania, the most populous region in the south, ranked only seventh nationally. These results highlight the deep economic disparities between the north and the south of Italy. The GDP of the northwestern regions reached 709 billion euros in 2023, while the south recorded less than half of the northern regions’ figures. Thus, Lombardy, Piedmont, Liguria, and Aosta Valley constitute Italy's economic driving force. In particular, Lombardy is the region with the highest salaries nationwide, 33,635 euros gross per year, 4,300 euros more than in Campania. Actions by policymakers aimed at closing the economic and wage gap are essential for the full development of southern Italian regions. The demographic divide Despite weaker economic indicators compared to the north, southern regions record better demographic figures. Italy’s population is progressively aging and the number of residents has declined recently. The median age of Italians is expected to reach 52.9 years by 2050. However, the south of the country contributes to mitigating the demographic decline. In fact, birth rates are the highest in the southern regions, in Sicily, and in Sardinia, with 6.6 childbirths per 1,000 inhabitants, well above the 6.2 births per 1,000 residents recorded in the northwest. Additionally, the southern population is on average two years younger than the those living in the northern regions.

Italy GDP per Capita: IS: Sardinia data was reported at 20,300.872 EUR in 2017. This records an increase from the previous number of 19,943.654 EUR for 2016. Italy GDP per Capita: IS: Sardinia data is updated yearly, averaging 19,338.379 EUR from Dec 1995 (Median) to 2017, with 23 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 20,470.013 EUR in 2008 and a record low of 12,156.157 EUR in 1995. Italy GDP per Capita: IS: Sardinia data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by National Institute of Statistics. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Italy – Table IT.A036: ESA 2010: GDP per Capita: By Region.

In 2023, the north-west and Lombardy confirmed to be Italy's economic driving force, as the Gross Domestic Product reached 709 billion euros, followed by the north-east and the center, where the GDP amounted to 492 billion and 452 billion euros, respectively. The lowest figures were registered in the southern part of the country, where the GDP represented less than half of the northern regions' value. In particular, Sicily and Sardinia's GDP constituted roughly just seven percent of the national product.

Italy GDP: IS: Sardinia (SD) data was reported at 33,228.200 EUR mn in 2016. This records a decrease from the previous number of 33,342.500 EUR mn for 2015. Italy GDP: IS: Sardinia (SD) data is updated yearly, averaging 31,173.992 EUR mn from Dec 1995 (Median) to 2016, with 22 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 33,800.086 EUR mn in 2008 and a record low of 20,066.168 EUR mn in 1995. Italy GDP: IS: Sardinia (SD) data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by National Institute of Statistics. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Italy – Table IT.A039: ESA 2010: GDP By Income: By Region.

In 2019, the Gross Domestic Product (GDP) in Italy grew by *** percent in terms of volume. The Italian region with the highest annual growth was the Province of Bozen, in the North, with an increase by *** percent. Sardinia followed in the ranking with *** percent. On the contrary, the Central Italian region of Marche and Abruzzo, in the South, recorded the largest decrease. In 2019, the GDP in these regions dropped by *** percent compared to the previous year.

人均国内生产总值：IS：撒丁岛在12-01-2017达20,300.872欧元，相较于12-01-2016的19,943.654欧元有所增长。人均国内生产总值：IS：撒丁岛数据按年更新，12-01-1995至12-01-2017期间平均值为19,338.379欧元，共23份观测结果。该数据的历史最高值出现于12-01-2008，达20,470.013欧元，而历史最低值则出现于12-01-1995，为12,156.157欧元。CEIC提供的人均国内生产总值：IS：撒丁岛数据处于定期更新的状态，数据来源于Istituto Nazionale di Statistica，数据归类于Global Database的意大利 – 表 IT.A036：2010年欧洲账户体系（ESA 2010）：人均国内生产总值：按地区。

The Italian region with the highest number of enterprises is Lombardy, in the north. In 2022, this region counted about 946,000 companies, while Campania, in the south, followed with over 611,000 firms. Milan, the capital city of Lombardy, is the most important financial and industrial center of Italy. The geography of business Despite the big role of Lombardy and Lazio as business centers, a broader picture of the distribution of companies nationwide shows an interesting scenario. According to data on the number of companies broken down by macro-region, most enterprises in Italy are in the South and on the main Islands, Sardinia and Sicily. An explanation behind these numbers might be the high prevalence, together with large companies, of many small businesses and individual entrepreneurship in the Southern regions and on the Islands. Economic upturn for the South Similarly, the growth rate of enterprises in the Southern regions and provinces is showing a promising economic upturn for these regions, which have always been observed economically as the tail-end of the country. In 2020, the province of Caserta, in the Southern region of Campania, ranked first while, Nuoro, in Sardinia, and Lecce, in Apulia, followed. Eventually, the number of enterprises in Naples, in Campania as well, grew by the same growth rate as Milan over the last year.

After entering Italy, the coronavirus (COVID-19) spread fast. The strict lockdown implemented by the government during the Spring 2020 helped to slow down the outbreak. However, the country had to face four new harsh waves of contagion. As of January 1, 2025, the total number of cases reported by the authorities reached over 26.9 million. The north of the country was mostly hit, and the region with the highest number of cases was Lombardy, which registered almost 4.4 million of them. The north-eastern region of Veneto and the southern region of Campania followed in the list. When adjusting these figures for the population size of each region, however, the picture changed, with the region of Veneto being the area where the virus had the highest relative incidence. Coronavirus in Italy Italy has been among the countries most impacted by the coronavirus outbreak. Moreover, the number of deaths due to coronavirus recorded in Italy is significantly high, making it one of the countries with the highest fatality rates worldwide, especially in the first stages of the pandemic. In particular, a very high mortality rate was recorded among patients aged 80 years or older. Impact on the economy The lockdown imposed during the Spring 2020, and other measures taken in the following months to contain the pandemic, forced many businesses to shut their doors and caused industrial production to slow down significantly. As a result, consumption fell, with the sectors most severely hit being hospitality and tourism, air transport, and automotive. Several predictions about the evolution of the global economy were published at the beginning of the pandemic, based on different scenarios about the development of the pandemic. According to the official results, it appeared that the coronavirus outbreak had caused Italy’s GDP to shrink by approximately nine percent in 2020.