The timeline shows radio advertising spending in the United States from 2010 to 2016, as well as a forecast until 2021, broken down by type. The source projected satellite radio advertising would increase from 65 million U.S. dollars in 2010 to 192 million U.S. dollars in 2021.

In the fourth quarter of 2024, Sirius XM had 33.23 million subscribers, slightly down from 33.88 million in the corresponding quarter of the previous year. Until now, subscriptions have peaked with 34.91 million in the final quarter of 2019. In February 2019, the company completed its long-discussed acquisition of Pandora Radio. Sirius and Pandora: a brief history Before Sirius XM purchased Pandora Radio, the two were competitors for years. However, Pandora began to struggle to compete with other highly successful music services such as Spotify as consumer preferences evolved and other larger companies like iHeartMedia began to infiltrate the market. Pandora’s plight is aptly illustrated not only by its income data (or rather, data on its losses), but also by its comparatively small slice of the global subscriber base who don’t just use streaming services, but pay for them. Despite millions of users, Pandora fans simply weren’t spending their money on the service. In 2024, the number of Pandora’s worldwide paying subscribers was forecasted to reach 7.65 million, whereas Spotify had 263 million premium subscribers globally as of the fourth quarter of the same year.Back in 2017, Sirius invested 480 million U.S. dollars in Pandora for stakes of almost 20 percent in the company. This gave Pandora less control but the cash injection it desperately needed, and predictions of a full-blown acquisition began to circulate. When the inevitable finally did come to fruition, the move cost Sirius XM 3.5 billion U.S. dollars.

This statistic contains data on the annual income/loss of Sirius XM Canada in fiscal years 2011 to 2016. In the fiscal year 2013 (running from September 2012 to August 2013), the Canadian satellite radio company had a net income of 12.2 million Canadian dollars up from a net loss of 4.2 million Canadian dollars in 2012.

The global radio market, valued at $53.24 billion in 2025, is projected to experience steady growth with a Compound Annual Growth Rate (CAGR) of 3% from 2025 to 2033. This growth is driven by several factors. The increasing penetration of smartphones and mobile internet access fuels the rise of online and mobile radio, offering listeners convenient and on-demand access to a vast array of programming. Simultaneously, traditional broadcast radio continues to hold a significant market share, particularly in regions with less advanced internet infrastructure, benefiting from established audiences and evolving programming formats to attract younger demographics. Furthermore, the integration of digital technologies into radio broadcasting enhances listener engagement through interactive features, personalized content delivery, and targeted advertising opportunities. However, the market faces challenges, including competition from other audio entertainment platforms like podcasts and streaming services, and the need for radio broadcasters to adapt their business models to generate revenue in a rapidly evolving digital landscape. Revenue streams like advertising, public license fees, and subscriptions will play a crucial role in shaping the market's future. The competitive landscape is characterized by both established media conglomerates and smaller, specialized broadcasters, each employing diverse competitive strategies to capture market share and build brand loyalty. Geographic distribution of the market reveals regional variations in growth patterns. North America and Europe are expected to maintain significant market share due to high internet penetration and established media industries. However, the Asia-Pacific region exhibits considerable potential for growth driven by increasing mobile adoption and expanding internet accessibility, with China and Japan as key markets. South America and the Middle East and Africa are also expected to contribute to market expansion, though at a potentially slower rate due to varied levels of technological advancements and infrastructure development. The evolving landscape requires radio broadcasters to embrace innovation, leveraging digital technologies to enhance their services, broaden their reach, and adapt to the changing preferences of listeners. This strategic agility will be paramount in determining success within the dynamic radio market.

In 2023, the U.S. radio company Sirius XM Holdings announced a net income of 1.2 billion U.S. dollars. This means a slight increase from the net income reported in the previous year.

1. Information about when and where animals die is important to understand population regulation. In migratory animals, mortality might occur not only during the stationary periods (e.g. breeding and wintering) but also during the migration seasons. However, the relative importance of population limiting factors during different periods of the year remains poorly understood, and previous studies mainly relied on indirect evidence. 2. Here we provide direct evidence about when and where migrants die by identifying cases of confirmed and probable deaths in three species of long-distance migratory raptors tracked by satellite telemetry. 3. We show that mortality rate was about six times higher during migration seasons than during stationary periods. However, total mortality was surprisingly similar between periods, which can be explained by the fact that risky migration periods are shorter than safer stationary periods. Nevertheless, more than half of the annual mortality occurred during migration. We also found spatiotemporal patterns in mortality: spring mortality occurred mainly in Africa in association with the crossing of the Sahara desert, while most mortality during autumn took place in Europe. 4. Our results strongly suggest that events during the migration seasons have an important impact on the population dynamics of long-distance migrants. We speculate that mortality during spring migration may account for short-term annual variation in survival and population sizes, while mortality during autumn migration may be more important for long-term population regulation (through density dependent effects).

Sirius XM Holdings' revenue hit 6.8 billion U.S. dollars in 2023, which is a slight decrease from the 6.9 billion U.S. dollars in the previous year. Pandora, which the company acquired in early 2019, reported record ad revenue of 2.1 billion in 2021.

Media usage of the population. The main focus of this survey part is on the detailed recording of electronic media, while information on the print media and daily newspapers were surveyed more briefly. Topics: demographic characteristics of respondent; possession of drivers license; respondent himself drives a car; car radio with automatic radio traffic service report; number of cars available for private trips; number of private cars with car radio available to household; possession of a telephone; possession of durable household goods; number, type and features of the most frequently and second most frequently used television sets; cable connection and opportunity of satellite reception; cable connection for radio; number of radio devices on cable and frequency of listening to radio programs via cable as well as via satellite reception; station keys on most-used radio device; change of program setting on most-used radio; procedure in program search on most-used radio; possession of entertainment electronics equipment in household; purchase plan for household goods in the next few months; having a yard and location of the yard; animal possession in household; number of residences in building; year of construction of building; length of residence; residential status; frequency of conducting selected leisure activities; music genre preferences; shopping habits for groceries and beverages; amount of contact with newspapers and radio. Detailed determination of contact with advertising media and means of advertising: probabilities of using commercial television as well as commercial radio, classified according to stations and times; frequency of reading supplements, magazines and city picture magazines. Probabilities of using and advertising media contact with selected magazines; frequency of watching television and listening to the radio per time period in a normal week; secondary activities while watching television and listening to the radio, differing according to television station as well as time; judgement on the reception quality of the individual television stations and opportunities of reception at home; frequency of going to the movies. Also encoded was: sampling points; sequential number of election precinct; survey institute; wave identification; municipality code; municipal district; IVW area unit; municipality coordinates; municipal district coordinates; administrative district; multiple size of municipality classes; ZIP (postal) code; various so-called demotypes for men, women and households; weekday of interview; survey month; time at start of interview; length of interview; number of days of trips to the household without reaching the target person as well as with reaching the target person; number of days of trips to complete the interview; survey date. Interviewer rating: interest of respondent in survey topic; readiness for interview; spontaneity in giving income or estimate of respondent, interviewer or coder. Mediennutzung der Bevölkerung. Der Schwerpunkt dieses Erhebungsteils liegt bei der detaillierten Erfassung der elektronischen Medien, während die Angaben zu den Printmedien und den Tageszeitungen eher summarisch erfragt wurden. Themen: Demographische Merkmale des Befragten; Führerscheinbesitz; Befragter ist selbst Fahrer von PKW; Autoradio mit automatischer Verkehrsfunkmeldung; Anzahl der für Privatfahrten zur Verfügung stehenden PKW; Anzahl der dem Haushalt zur Verfügung stehenden Privat-PKW mit Autoradio; Telefonbesitz; Besitz langlebiger Haushaltsgüter; Anzahl, Art und Ausstattungmerksmale des am häufigsten und am zweithäufigsten benutzten Fernsehgerätes; Kabelanschluß und Satellitenempfangsmöglichkeit; Kabelanschluß für das Radio; Anzahl der Radiogeräte am Kabel und Häufigkeit des Hörens von Radioprogrammen über Kabel sowie über Satellitenempfang; Stationstasten am meistgenutzten Radiogerät; Wechsel der Programmeinstellung am meistgenutzten Radiogerät; Vorgehen bei der Programmsuche am meistgenutzten Radiogerät; Besitz von Geräten der Unterhaltungselektronik im Haushalt; Kaufplan für Haushaltsgüter in den nächsten Monaten; Gartenbesitz und Lage des Gartens; Tierbesitz im Haushalt; Anzahl der Wohnungen im Haus; Baujahr des Hauses; Wohndauer; Wohnstatus; Häufigkeit der Ausübung ausgewählter Freizeitaktivitäten; Musikgenrepräferenzen; Einkaufsgewohnheiten bei Lebensmitteln und Getränken; Kontaktmenge mit Zeitungen und Hörfunk. Detaillierte Ermittlung von Werbeträgerkontakt und Werbemittelkontakt: Nutzungswahrscheinlichkeiten von Werbefernsehen sowie Werbefunk, nach Sender und Uhrzeiten aufgeschlüsselt; Lesehäufigkeit von Supplements, Zeitschriften und Stadtillustrierten. Nutzungswahrscheinlichkeiten und Werbeträgerkontakt bei ausgewählten Zeitschriften; Sehhäufigkeit und Hörhäufigkeit pro Zeitabschnitt in einer normalen Woche; sekundäre Tätigkeiten beim Fernsehen und beim Rundfunkhören, unterschieden nach Fernsehsender sowie Uhrzeit; Beurteilung der Empfangsqualität der einzelnen Fernsehprogramme und Empfangsmöglichkeit zu Hause; Häufigkeit von Kinobesuchen. Zusätzlich verkodet wurden: Sampling-Points; laufende Nummer des Wahlbezirks; Erhebungsinstitut; Wellenkennzeichnung; Gemeindekennziffer; Stadtbezirk; IVW-Gebietseinheit; Gemeindekoordinaten; Stadtbezirkskoordinaten; Regierungsbezirk; mehrere Gemeindegrößenklassen; Postleitzahl; verschiedene sogenannte Demotypen für Männer, Frauen und Haushalte; Wochentag des Interviews; Befragungsmonat; Uhrzeit bei Beginn des Interviews; Interviewdauer; Anzahl der Besuchstage im Haushalt ohne Erreichen der Zielperson sowie mit Erreichen der Zielperson; Anzahl der Besuchstage, um das Interview zu erreichen; Befragungsdatum. Interviewerrating: Interesse des Befragten am Befragungsthema; Bereitwilligkeit zum Interview; Spontanität bei der Angabe des Einkommens bzw. Schätzung des Befragten, des Interviewers oder des Koders.

As of March 2018, around 28 percent of Pandora Radio users were adults between the ages of 25 and 34, with this age range accounting for the largest fraction of the service’s overall userbase. Conversely, the 18 to 24-year-old age bracket is the service’s weakest market segment by a significant margin.

Pandora Radio

Pandora Radio is an internet radio service which recommends songs to listeners based on a track or artist of their choice. The company, which was recently purchased by Sirius XM Satellite Radio, had over 75 million active users as of 2019. Although the basic service is free, the platform also offers a paid subscription package which provides a range of benefits over the free service and has a subscriber base of over 6.5 million users.

Music streaming

Apple Music, Spotify, and Pandora Radio are the three most popular music streaming services in the United States, each of which boast tens of millions of active users each month. Music streaming has quickly become the one of the biggest revenue generators in the music industry, with the various streaming services accumulating over 7 billion U.S. dollars in revenue during 2018 alone.

The survey begins with a detailed reporting on television programs and broadcasts following. The purpose is to analyse factors that affect style of media consumption. Next, follow general questions that are conceptualised around a theory of life style, about leisure time activities. Questions address different aspects of attendance to the media: sources of information, regularity of media attendance, most favourite broadcasts and programs. Interviewees also select their favourite media presenter, mark TV and radio programmes, answer questions on media equipment of their household (i.e. video, cable TV, and satellite TV), say whether they attend foreign broadcasts, pick up their most favourite sport, express their view on commercials, and assess political orientation of national TV. Next, there are questions that concern newspaper and magazines. Questionnaire also probes individual life style (i.e. reading habits, sporting activities, kind of music they listen most), his/her social class, and respondents' attitudes toward work. Questions on nationalism, relations between sexes, narcotism, abortion, and private property follow next. Before standard demographic block, there is section that deals with politics, assessment of political situation, satisfaction with authority, party preferences, and attitudes toward extreme general view of public issues. Some interviewees had carefully monitored their attendance to broadcasts on national TV, and evaluated them, using a special form.
The survey begins with a detailed reporting on television programs and broadcasts following. The purpose is to analyse factors that affect style of media consumption. Next, follow general questions that are conceptualised around a theory of life style, about leisure time activities. Questions address different aspects of attendance to the media: sources of information, regularity of media attendance, most favourite broadcasts and programs. Interviewees also select their favourite media presenter, mark TV and radio programmes, answer questions on media equipment of their household (i.e. video, cable TV, and satellite TV), say whether they attend foreign broadcasts, pick up their most favourite sport, express their view on commercials, and assess political orientation of national TV. Next, there are questions that concern newspaper and magazines. Questionnaire also probes individual life style (i.e. reading habits, sporting activities, kind of music they listen most), his/her social class, and respondents' attitudes toward work. Questions on nationalism, relations between sexes, narcotism, abortion, and private property follow next. Before standard demographic block, there is section that deals with politics, assessment of political situation, satisfaction with authority, party preferences, and attitudes toward extreme general view of public issues. Some interviewees had carefully monitored their attendance to broadcasts on national TV, and evaluated them, using a special form.
The survey begins with a detailed reporting on television programs and broadcasts following. The purpose is to analyse factors that affect style of media consumption. Next, follow general questions that are conceptualised around a theory of life style, about leisure time activities. Questions address different aspects of attendance to the media: sources of information, regularity of media attendance, most favourite broadcasts and programs. Interviewees also select their favourite media presenter, mark TV and radio programmes, answer questions on media equipment of their household (i.e. video, cable TV, and satellite TV), say whether they attend foreign broadcasts, pick up their most favourite sport, express their view on commercials, and assess political orientation of national TV. Next, there are questions that concern newspaper and magazines. Questionnaire also probes individual life style (i.e. reading habits, sporting activities, kind of music they listen most), his/her social class, and respondents' attitudes toward work. Questions on nationalism, relations between sexes, narcotism, abortion, and private property follow next. Before standard demographic block, there is section that deals with politics, assessment of political situation, satisfaction with authority, party preferences, and attitudes toward extreme general view of public issues. Some interviewees had carefully monitored their attendance to broadcasts on national TV, and evaluated them, using a special form.

In 2024, radio advertising revenue in the United States and Canada will amount to an estimated 15.9 billion U.S. dollars. The source projected that the value would grow by around 2.5 percent in four years, reaching 16.3 billion dollars by 2028. The values include online radio and exclude satellite radio advertising. U.S. radio stations' ad revenues According to another source, U.S. over-the-air and online radio stations' ad revenues will amount to an estimated 13.8 billion dollars in 2024, down from 14 billion dollars in the previous year. Still, the segment's results remained below pre-pandemic heights. Meanwhile, U.S. local radio's digital ad revenues were set to reach an all-time high in 2023: 2.1 billion dollars. Half a decade earlier, in 2018, the value amounted to less than 40 percent of that. U.S. top radio ad categories Three industries dominated the investments in radio spots in the U.S. in 2022. Retail's ad expenditure on the medium stood just below 400 million dollars. The miscellaneous services and amusements and the government, politics, and organizations segments spent about 365 million and 339 million dollars on radio ads, respectively. The profile of the audiences those brands pursue is also well-known. As of mid-2023, most radio listeners in the U.S. were aged between 35 and 64 years.

Selected socio-demographic data of health care workers in the focus group discussion (n = 8).

In the third quarter of 2024, Pandora generated a total revenue of 544 million U.S. dollars, which is a slight decrease compared to the 550 million U.S. dollars recorded in the same period of the previous year. Pandora was acquired by SiriusXM Holdings in early 2019.

American music streaming and radio service Pandora saw a decrease in total ad-supported listener hours from 14.8 billion in 2018 to 9.94 billion in 2024. The audio streaming service, which was bought by Sirius Xm in 2019, has an exclusive audience in the United States, and competes with companies such as Spotify, who reach a global market.

As of the second quarter of 2023, ten percent of U.S. consumers' time with audio content was spent listening to podcasts, and 36 percent of time was spent with radio. Less popular activities among audio listeners in the U.S. were consuming audio content via SiriusXM or TV music channels, with just seven and two percent of time spent with such content being spent listening to audio via these sources respectively.

By 2025, Spotify will have 100.6 million users, over twenty million more than the 78.5 million recorded in 2020. However, a gradual decline in Pandora's user base is anticipated to continue over the coming years, with the company losing two to three million active listeners per year.

Spotify and Pandora – more information Pandora

In 2018, Pandora was most popular among users aged 25 to 34 and users aged 55 or above, whereas adults in the 18 to 24-year-old age bracket was by far the company's weakest market segment. Pandora's user base may be flatlining compared to Spotify's, but Pandora’s revenue jumped from four million U.S. dollars to almost 1.5 billion in a decade, showing incredible and consistent growth during that time. Pandora generates most of its revenue from advertising, although has grown increasingly reliant on revenue from subscription services. Pandora was acquired by Sirius XM in February 2019 for 3.5 billion U.S. dollars.

Spotify In 2018, Spotify reported 5.2 billion euros in revenue, following a history of significant growth. Spotify was operating at a loss for years, but reported its first quarterly operating profit at the beginning of 2019. the company has placed a stronger focus on podcasts and will continue to do so according to industry experts and company reports, and is one of the most popular podcast providers in the United States.

In June 2024, iHeart Audience Network had 67.3 million audience members in the United States. A ranking of the unique monthly audience of the most popular podcast publishers showed that National Public Radio came sixth with just under 18 million. Wondery outperformed NPR in that respect, reaching a monthly audience of 21.72 million. Podcast streaming market While publishers play an important role in the creation of podcasts, streaming services providing a platform for podcast consumption also benefit from the rising popularity of the format. In 2020, the preferred podcasts providers were Spotify, followed by Apple Podcast, Pandora and iHeartRadio, exceeding the popularity of Sirius XM, Stitcher and Wondery. Considering the revenue generated by streaming services through podcast streaming in 2019, Spotify is the clear market leader with a revenue of 7.5 billion U.S. dollars, followed by Stitcher and Wondery. Streaming services have realized the potential of podcasts, which is why they have started to invest in podcast creating and podcast streaming companies. In 2020, Spotify acquired The Ringer while competitor Sirius XM, after having purchased Pandora, obtained the successful podcast streaming service Stitcher. So far, these acquisitions seem to have proven successful, since Spotify is estimated to overtake Apple Podcast in terms of monthly podcast listeners in 2021. Popular podcast content In terms of content, the most popular genres within the podcast market in the U.S. are comedy followed by news and true crime. The podcasts with the highest revenue worldwide in 2019 were The Joe Rogan Experience, a Spotify-exclusive podcast hosted by the American comedian of the same name in which he talks to a wide array of guests, and My Favorite Murder, a bi-weekly true crime comedy podcast hosted by the American comedians Karen Kilgariff and Georgia Hardstark in which they discuss true crime cases. While podcasts were already on the rise over the last few years, there has been an upsurge in podcast consumption during the last year due to the coronavirus pandemic, which meant a higher demand in audio, or entertainment in general, content.

In the most recent reported fiscal year, Spotify generated approximately 13.82 billion euros in premium revenue and 1.85 billion euros in ad-supported revenue. Both figures were the highest reported to date, with premium revenue having grown by more than ten billion euros since 2017. Contributing to Spotify’s success was its strong global subscriber base – as of the third quarter of 2024, the music streaming platform had 252 million premium subscribers worldwide. Spotify has gained significant popularity across multiple markets, particularly in the United States, where over 26 percent of 18 to 34-year-olds reported using the service in 2018. Spotify’s competition Spotify’s closest competitor is Apple Music. That said, Apple’s worldwide subscribers are almost half that of Spotify’s, despite both services being popular for different reasons. Theoretically, Pandora Radio could have presented Spotify with a fair amount of competition, but this was not to be. Pandora’s radio station format failed to match Spotify’s playlist set-up in terms of popularity, and Pandora struggled to convert its users into paid subscribers, something which Spotify has always been good at. Pandora Radio received heavy investment from Sirius XM in 2017 and was officially acquired by the company in early 2019, so it will be interesting to see what happens in the future as Sirius gets to work on Pandora’s audience and attempts to generate cash from its arguably wide (but unpaid) user base. For now though, it seems that Spotify’s position remains safe.