Key information about Saudi Arabia Foreign Exchange Reserves: % of GDP

• Saudi Arabia Foreign Exchange Reserves: % of GDP was reported at 34.661 % in Jun 2025
• This records an increase from the previous number of 34.421 % for Mar 2025
• Saudi Arabia Foreign Exchange Reserves: % of GDP data is updated quarterly, averaging 91.065 % from Dec 2003 to Jun 2025, with 87 observations
• The data reached an all-time high of 92.457 % in Dec 2009 and a record low of 27.515 % in Dec 2003
• Saudi Arabia Foreign Exchange Reserves: % of GDP data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by CEIC Data
• The data is categorized under World Trend Plus’s Global Economic Monitor – Table: Foreign Exchange Reserves: % of Nominal GDP: Quarterly

CEIC calculates quarterly Foreign Exchange Reserves as % of Nominal GDP from monthly Foreign Exchange Reserves and quarterly Nominal GDP. Foreign Exchange Reserves is calculated as the sum of Foreign Currency and Deposits Abroad and Investment in Foreign Securities. Saudi Central Bank provides Foreign Exchange Reserves in local currency. General Authority for Statistics provides Nominal GDP in local currency.

Key information about Saudi Arabia Foreign Exchange Reserves

• Saudi Arabia Foreign Exchange Reserves was measured at 417.1 USD bn in Oct 2025, compared with 425.0 USD bn in the previous month
• Saudi Arabia Foreign Exchange Reserves: USD mn data is updated monthly, available from Jan 2001 to Oct 2025
• The data reached an all-time high of 731.2 USD bn in Aug 2014 and a record low of 37.4 USD bn in Sep 2002

CEIC calculates monthly Foreign Exchange Reserves as the sum of Foreign Currency Reserves and Deposits Abroad, and Investment in Foreign Securities and converts it into USD. Saudi Central Bank provides Foreign Exchange Reserves in local currency. Saudi Central Bank period end market exchange rate is used for currency conversions.


Further information about Saudi Arabia Foreign Exchange Reserves

• In the latest reports, Saudi Arabia Foreign Exchange Reserves equaled 21.3 Months of Import in Dec 2024.
• Its Money Supply M2 increased 751.1 USD bn YoY in Oct 2025.
• The country's Non Performing Loans Ratio stood at 1.2 % in Jun 2025, compared with the ratio of 1.2 % in the previous quarter.
• Household Debt of Saudi Arabia reached 10.7 % in Jun 2025, accounting for 10.7 % of the country's Nominal GDP.

Foreign Exchange Reserves in Saudi Arabia decreased to 1659152 SAR Million in October from 1689431 SAR Million in September of 2025. This dataset provides - Saudi Arabia Foreign Exchange Reserves - actual values, historical data, forecast, chart, statistics, economic calendar and news.

Graph and download economic data for Financial System Deposits to GDP for Saudi Arabia (DDDI08SAA156NWDB) from 1968 to 2017 about Saudi Arabia, deposits, financial, and GDP.

According to projections for 2025, the fiscal breakeven oil price for Saudi Arabia was **** U.S. dollars per barrel. The projections for Saudi Arabia's external breakeven oil price for the same period were at ** U.S. dollars per barrel. Saudi oil industry   Saudi Arabia’s oil industry entails ** percent of the world’s proven petroleum reserves. Their oil reserves were expected to exceed ** billion metric tons by 2020. Its oil sector accounted for about half of the country’s GDP in 2018, and about ** percent of their export income, as their oil reserves are the second largest in the world and they are the world’s leading petroleum exporter. Saudi Arabia has an advantage over other oil-producing countries as the extraction process is cheaper and easier relative to other regions. The petroleum is handled and mostly controlled by Saudi Aramco which is a public company and the most profitable country in the world as of 2019. The highest value petrochemicals project in the country in 2020 was the Amiral Complex: Ethylene & Propylene Plant. Saudi economy Saudi Arabia is the world’s leader in petroleum exportation. They also had the fifth-largest natural gas reserve in 2019. However, their significant reliance on these natural resources compelled the government to launch its Saudi Vision 2030, which aims on expanding their resources. As a result, in the first quarter of 2019, Saudi Arabia's budget has accomplished its first surplus since 2014 of more than ** billion U.S. dollars due to the increase of both the oil and non-oil revenues. Public debt witnessed a significant increase in 2020 following the COVID-19 pandemic but was expected to slowly decrease in the following years. Non-oil revenues accounted for about ** percent of the country’s revenue in 2019 . The largest non-oil contributor to the country’s GDP was government services.

Key information about Saudi Arabia Household Debt: % of GDP

• Saudi Arabia household debt accounted for 10.7 % of the country's Nominal GDP in Jun 2025, compared with the ratio of 10.9 % in the previous quarter.
• Saudi Arabia household debt to GDP ratio is updated quarterly, available from Dec 2003 to Jun 2025.
• The data reached an all-time high of 13.4 % in Mar 2021 and a record low of 8.5 % in Sep 2008.

CEIC calculates quarterly Household Debt as % of Nominal GDP from quarterly Household Debt and quarterly Nominal GDP. Saudi Central Bank provides Household Debt in local currency. General Authority for Statistics provides Nominal GDP in local currency. Loans are used due to the lack of Flow of Funds statistics. Household Debt covers Consumer and Credit Card bank loans only.


Related information about Saudi Arabia Household Debt: % of GDP

• In the latest reports, Saudi Arabia Household Debt reached 136.0 USD bn in Sep 2025.
• Money Supply M2 in Saudi Arabia increased 7.4 % YoY in Oct 2025.
• Saudi Arabia Foreign Exchange Reserves was measured at 417.1 USD bn in Oct 2025.
• The Foreign Exchange Reserves equaled 21.3 Months of Import in Dec 2024.
• The country's Non Performing Loans Ratio stood at 1.2 % in Jun 2025, compared with the ratio of 1.2 % in the previous quarter.

saudi arabia - Ratio of GNP to GDP for Saudi Arabia was 13.20% in January of 2023, according to the United States Federal Reserve. Historically, saudi arabia - Ratio of GNP to GDP for Saudi Arabia reached a record high of 23.50 in January of 2012 and a record low of 8.60 in January of 2002. Trading Economics provides the current actual value, an historical data chart and related indicators for saudi arabia - Ratio of GNP to GDP for Saudi Arabia - last updated from the United States Federal Reserve on November of 2025.

Graph and download economic data for Gross Portfolio Debt Liabilities to GDP for Saudi Arabia (DDDM10SAA156NWDB) from 2012 to 2020 about Saudi Arabia, liabilities, debt, gross, and GDP.

This statistic shows the trade balance of goods of Saudi Arabia from 2014 to 2024. In 2024, Saudi Arabia's trade balance surplus amounted to approximately ***** billion years. Saudi Arabia's economic state Saudi Arabia’s positive trade balance dropped during the economic crisis, recovered thereafter, but has faltered somewhat in the past couple of years. This is likely due to a loss in export income associated with falling crude oil prices in the region. This has affected the economy and is expected to increase the country’s national debt. As a major oil producer and exporter, on the one hand Saudi Arabia needs to maintain international relations related to the export of its most precious resource, and on the other hand it needs to preserve stability in the region. For the most part, the country has been able to do so. Due to large oil reserves throughout the region, Saudi Arabia’s most important export partners include China, the United States, Japan, South Korea, India and Singapore. As one of the main oil producers worldwide and ranked among the countries with the largest GDP, Saudi Arabia remains one of the key players in the Muslim and Arab world. It is also home to the birthplace of the Muslim Prophet Mohammed, giving the country a special significance. However, as tension rise with Iran, an uneasy relationship based in religion, politics and history, preserving stability in the region and international relations may become a challenge.

According to projections for 2025, the total export volume of oil from all Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) countries was **** million barrels per day. The leading oil exporting country of the region was Saudi Arabia, with a projected volume of over *** million barrels per day for 2025. GCC and oil Oil plays a central role across the Middle East, contributing significantly to the GDPs of GCC countries. Around half of Saudi Arabia’s GDP in 2023 was attributed to oil and gas production. Additionally, the kingdom is also the largest crude oil exporter worldwide, accounting for more than ** percent of the global export value in 2023. However, the GCC countries have actively pursued economic diversification to reduce their reliance on fossil fuels. GCC plans to go green Countries in the region have set ambitious goals and devised plans for more resilient and sustainable economies. For instance, Saudi Arabia aims to reach a 50 percent non-oil gross domestic product (GDP) by 2030, a share that was around 16 percent in 2023. Similarly, the UAE and Oman have set a 30 percent target for their renewable energy share by 2030. While reaching these targets will be challenging due to their multifaceted nature, GCC countries have begun capitalizing on new diversification opportunities like digitization and AI. The potential annual economic impact of generative AI in GCC was estimated to be between 21 and 35 billion U.S. dollars.

saudi arabia - Real GDP at Constant National Prices for Saudi Arabia was 110.93333 Mil. of 2011 U.S. $ in July of 2023, according to the United States Federal Reserve. Historically, saudi arabia - Real GDP at Constant National Prices for Saudi Arabia reached a record high of 113.36667 in July of 2021 and a record low of 53.60000 in January of 2008. Trading Economics provides the current actual value, an historical data chart and related indicators for saudi arabia - Real GDP at Constant National Prices for Saudi Arabia - last updated from the United States Federal Reserve on October of 2025.

Saudi Arabia SA: Military Expenditure: % of GDP data was reported at 10.289 % in 2017. This records an increase from the previous number of 9.906 % for 2016. Saudi Arabia SA: Military Expenditure: % of GDP data is updated yearly, averaging 10.645 % from Dec 1963 (Median) to 2017, with 51 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 19.004 % in 1984 and a record low of 5.903 % in 1963. Saudi Arabia SA: Military Expenditure: % of GDP data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Saudi Arabia – Table SA.World Bank.WDI: Defense and Official Development Assistance. Military expenditures data from SIPRI are derived from the NATO definition, which includes all current and capital expenditures on the armed forces, including peacekeeping forces; defense ministries and other government agencies engaged in defense projects; paramilitary forces, if these are judged to be trained and equipped for military operations; and military space activities. Such expenditures include military and civil personnel, including retirement pensions of military personnel and social services for personnel; operation and maintenance; procurement; military research and development; and military aid (in the military expenditures of the donor country). Excluded are civil defense and current expenditures for previous military activities, such as for veterans' benefits, demobilization, conversion, and destruction of weapons. This definition cannot be applied for all countries, however, since that would require much more detailed information than is available about what is included in military budgets and off-budget military expenditure items. (For example, military budgets might or might not cover civil defense, reserves and auxiliary forces, police and paramilitary forces, dual-purpose forces such as military and civilian police, military grants in kind, pensions for military personnel, and social security contributions paid by one part of government to another.); ; Stockholm International Peace Research Institute (SIPRI), Yearbook: Armaments, Disarmament and International Security.; Weighted average; Data for some countries are based on partial or uncertain data or rough estimates.

The timeline shows the gross domestic product of Saudi Arabia from 1987 to 2024, with projections up until 2030. In 2024, Saudi Arabia's gross domestic product (GDP) amounted to approximately ******** billion U.S. dollars.

This dataset provides values for GOLD RESERVES reported in several countries. The data includes current values, previous releases, historical highs and record lows, release frequency, reported unit and currency.

Saudi Arabia SA: Net Acquisition of Financial Assets as % of GDP data was reported at -3.550 % in 2017. This records an increase from the previous number of -5.654 % for 2016. Saudi Arabia SA: Net Acquisition of Financial Assets as % of GDP data is updated yearly, averaging -4.602 % from Dec 2016 (Median) to 2017, with 2 observations. The data reached an all-time high of -3.550 % in 2017 and a record low of -5.654 % in 2016. Saudi Arabia SA: Net Acquisition of Financial Assets as % of GDP data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Saudi Arabia – Table SA.World Bank.WDI: Government Revenue, Expenditure and Finance. Net acquisition of government financial assets includes domestic and foreign financial claims, SDRs, and gold bullion held by monetary authorities as a reserve asset. The net acquisition of financial assets should be offset by the net incurrence of liabilities.; ; International Monetary Fund, Government Finance Statistics Yearbook and data files.; Weighted average;

Saudi-Arabiens Devisenreserven:% des BIP belief sich im 2025-06 auf 34.661 %. Dies stellt einen Anstieg im Vergleich zu den vorherigen Zahlen von 34.421 % für 2025-03 dar. Saudi-Arabiens Devisenreserven:% des BIP werden vierteljährlich aktualisiert, mit einem Durchschnitt von 91.065 % von 2003-12 bis 2025-06, mit 87 Beobachtungen. Die Daten erreichten ein Allzeithoch in Höhe von 92.457 % im 2009-12 und ein Rekordtief in Höhe von 27.515 % im 2003-12. Saudi-Arabiens Devisenreserven:% des BIP Daten behalten den Aktiv-Status in CEIC und werden von CEIC Data gemeldet. Die Daten werden unter World Trend Pluss Global Economic Monitor – Table: Foreign Exchange Reserves: % of Nominal GDP: Quarterly kategorisiert.

Cadangan Devisa:% dari PDB Arab Saudi dilaporkan sebesar 38.053 % pada 2024-12. Rekor ini turun dibanding sebelumnya yaitu 39.870 % untuk 2024-09. Data Cadangan Devisa:% dari PDB Arab Saudi diperbarui triwulanan, dengan rata-rata 65.355 % dari 2003-12 sampai 2024-12, dengan 85 observasi. Data ini mencapai angka tertinggi sebesar 94.246 % pada 2013-12 dan rekor terendah sebesar 27.515 % pada 2003-12. Data Cadangan Devisa:% dari PDB Arab Saudi tetap berstatus aktif di CEIC dan dilaporkan oleh CEIC Data. Data dikategorikan dalam Global Economic Monitor World Trend Plus – Table: Foreign Exchange Reserves: % of Nominal GDP: Quarterly.

Os dados de Reservas cambiais:% do PIB da Arábia Saudita foram registrados em 38.053 % em 2024-12. Este registro de uma queda com relação aos números anteriores de 39.870 % em 2024-09. Os dados de Reservas cambiais:% do PIB da Arábia Saudita são atualizados trimestral, com uma média de 65.355 % em 2003-12 até 2024-12, com 85 observações. Os dados alcançaram um alto recorde de 94.246 % em 2013-12 e um baixo recorde de 27.515 % em 2003-12. Os dados de Reservas cambiais:% do PIB da Arábia Saudita permanecem com status ativo na CEIC e são reportados pela fonte: CEIC Data. Os dados são classificados sob o World Trend Plus’ Global Economic Monitor – Table: Foreign Exchange Reserves: % of Nominal GDP: Quarterly.

Graph and download economic data for Credit to Government and State-Owned Enterprises to GDP for Saudi Arabia (DDEI08SAA156NWDB) from 1980 to 2017 about Saudi Arabia, enterprises, credits, government, and GDP.

The euro and U.S. dollar made up more than ***** of 10 SWIFT payments worldwide in September 2025, outperforming many other currencies. This is according to a monthly report meant to track the market share of China's yuan renminbi within the international bank transfer system SWIFT. Although China holds the largest forex reserves in the world, the yuan ranked as the *****-used currency in international payments. The figures concern customer-initiated and institutional payments and exclude trade. Discussions on the potential weakening role of the U.S. dollar especially touch world trade and forex. For example, the share of the USD in forex reserves declined visibly against the euro and Japanese yen in 2024. What sparked this de-dollarization trend, and will it continue? Trade sanctions and de-dollarization De-dollarization in 2024 is mentioned mostly alongside trade and the BRICS countries - an informal name given to Brazil, Russia, India, China, and South Africa. The combined GDP of BRICS is about ** percent of the world's economy. After the start of the Ukraine war and Russia received economic sanctions, the BRICS slowly evolved into a trading bloc. The group increasingly wanted its own currency to settle payments within the trade bloc, to avoid using the U.S. dollar. In August 2024, BRICS gathered in South Africa to discuss the creation of such a new joint currency. Additionally, ** countries - including Argentina, Algeria, Egypt, Saudi Arabia, Turkey, and Yemen - expressed interest in joining the BRICS group. CBDC, or projects into a digital payment settlement A factor of future uncertainty for the U.S. dollar is how central bank digital currencies (CBDC) develop in emerging countries. Several projects exist between individual countries that specifically target cross-border interbank payments. A cooperation between Thailand and Hong Kong, Inthanon-Lionrock, ranks as the most advanced of these projects. CBDC does not require the U.S. dollar to function. Tangible such as commodities or gold can back them. The value of transactions processed with CBDC is to grow by ******* percent between 2024 and 2030.