About

Various statistics from European Central Bank.

Downloading

Material is available via web interface at:

• http://sdw.ecb.europa.eu/

'Selected euro area statistics and national breakdowns' available at:

• http://www.ecb.eu/stats/services/escb/html/index.en.html

There are also several zipped CSV files available at:

• http://www.ecb.eu/stats/services/downloads/html/index.en.html

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This spreadsheet contains data downloaded from the European Central Bank website: https://sdw.ecb.europa.eu/intelligentsearch/

The columns of data in this spreadsheet were chosen by John Simister, for a paper submitted to 'SN Busines & Economics' journal in April 2023, written by John Simister and Dimitrios Syrrakos.

The data in this spreadsheet are made available to the public by the European Central Bank: https://www.ecb.europa.eu/services/using-our-site/disclaimer/html/index.en.html

The variables included in the dataset are real GDP (seasonally adjusted, in log-levels, https://sdw.ecb.de/quickview.do?SERIES_KEY=314.MNA.Q.Y.AT.W2.S1.S1.B.B1GQ._Z._Z._Z.EUR.LR.N), the GDP Deflator (seasonally adjusted, in log-levels, https://data.ecb.europa.eu/data/datasets/MNA/MNA.Q.Y.AT.W2.S1.S1.B.B1GQ._Z._Z._Z.IX.D.N), CPI (food and energy excluded, base year 2015, seasonally adjusted, enters in log-levels, https://www.oecd.org/en/data/indicators/inflation-cpi.html}{retrieved from OECD Data Archive), the EUR/USD exchange rate (https://data.ecb.europa.eu/data/datasets/EXR/EXR.D.USD.EUR.SP00.A), a measure of bank concentration by country (interpolated to a quarterly series from yearly values, only contemporaneous values included, https://data.ecb.europa.eu/data/datasets/SSI/SSI.A.AT.122C.H10.X.A1.Z0Z.Z) the cost of new short-term (https://data.ecb.europa.eu/data/datasets/MIR/MIR.M.U2.B.A2J.FM.R.A.2230.EUR.N) and long-term (https://data.ecb.europa.eu/data/datasets/MIR/MIR.M.U2.B.A2J.KM.R.A.2230.EUR.N) borrowing in the euro area, the monetary policy shocks as in Altavilla et al. (2019) (https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmoneco.2019.08.016), which were summed up to quarterly values, and finally the loans granted by Euro Area Monetary Financial Institutions to domestic non financial corporations (https://data.ecb.europa.eu/data/datasets/QSA/QSA.Q.N.AT.W2.S12K.S11.N.A.LE.F4.T.Z.XDC.T.S.V.N.T). To conclude, the time series on loans granted by investment funds and the aggregate size of the bonds issued by non-financial corporations that are held/issued by each country (retrieved from the Securities Holdings Statistics by Sector dataset) are confidential series and cannot be shared.

Analysis of ‘Daily Exchange Rates per Euro 1999-2021’ provided by Analyst-2 (analyst-2.ai), based on source dataset retrieved from https://www.kaggle.com/lsind18/euro-exchange-daily-rates-19992020 on 29 August 2021.

--- Dataset description provided by original source is as follows ---

21+ years of the euro € 💶

04 Jan 1999 - 26 Mar 2021

It wasn't until 1999 that the euro really began its journey, when 11 countries (Austria, Belgium, Finland, France, Germany, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, the Netherlands, Portugal and Spain) fixed their exchange rates and created a new currency with monetary policy passed to the European Central Bank. Today euro is 20+ years old.

Content

Reference rates are euro foreign exchange rates observed on major foreign exchange trading venues at a certain point in time = they are the price of one currency in terms of another currency. The rates are usually updated around 16:00 CET on every working day, except on TARGET closing days.

Dataset contains date and Euro rate corresponding to Australian dollar, Bulgarian lev, Brazilian real, Canadian dollar, Swiss franc, Chinese yuan renminbi, Cypriot pound, Czech koruna, Danish krone, Estonian kroon, UK pound sterling, Greek drachma, Hong Kong dollar, Croatian kuna, Hungarian forint, Indonesian rupiah, Israeli shekel, Indian rupee, Iceland krona, Japanese yen, Korean won, Lithuanian litas, Latvian lats, Maltese lira, Mexican peso, Malaysian ringgit, Norwegian krone, New Zealand dollar, Philippine peso, Polish zloty, Romanian leu, Russian rouble, Swedish krona, Singapore dollar, Slovenian tolar, Slovak koruna, Thai baht, Turkish lira, US dollar, South African rand.

• Some currency in the list doesn't exist anymore; it was replaced by the Euro €: Cypriot pound (2007), Estonian kroon (2011), Greek drachma (2002), Lithuanian litas (2015), Latvian lats (2014), Maltese lira (2008), Slovenian tolar (2007), Slovak koruna (2009).
• Bulgarian lev since 2002 is pegged to the Euro: 1 € = 1.9558 leva.

Acknowledgements

All data provided by European Central Bank Statistical Data WareHouse, EXR - Exchange Rates.
Dataset is versioned and stays on weekly update.

--- Original source retains full ownership of the source dataset ---

Countries participate in many multilateral organisations, for example the United Nations, World Bank or NATO. These organisations are (partially) funded via contributions from each member country. To fulfil their duties, these organisations buy services and products from companies all over the world. On https://openmultilaterals.org/ we show which countries and companies reap the benefits of these transactions.

The datasets are available as open data and are thus free for everyone to download and use. See the about page for more information on how we retrieved the data.

Fields available in all four datasets

• year: The year in which the contract/order was awarded
• vendor_country: The country where the vendor organization is located
• vendor_name: The name of the vendor organization
• amount: The amount in dollars awarded for the contract/order; NATO values were in euros so they have been converted to dollars using these exchange rates (Set 'Transformation' to 'Annual Frequency' to get the annual averages)
• description: Description of the contract/order

All datasets have other fields available as well, but they are often specific to each dataset. Regarding the World Bank data: we combined both the corporate procurement contract award and major contract awards data in the chart and table at the home page of this website. Some of the columns are unique to each dataset and are thus empty in the table. Award Date, Commodity Category, WBG Organization, Selection Number, Fund Source, VPU description, Contract Award Type are unique to the corporate procurement contract awards dataset. The field Supplier Country Code is common to both. The rest of the fields are unique to the major contract awards dataset.