The UK inflation rate was 3.6 percent in June 2025, up from 3.4 percent in the previous month, and the fastest rate of inflation since January 2024. Between September 2022 and March 2023, the UK experienced seven months of double-digit inflation, which peaked at 11.1 percent in October 2022. Due to this long period of high inflation, UK consumer prices have increased by over 20 percent in the last three years. As of the most recent month, prices were rising fastest in the communications sector, at 6.1 percent, but were falling in both the furniture and transport sectors, at -0.3 percent and -0.6 percent, respectively.
The Cost of Living Crisis High inflation is one of the main factors behind the ongoing Cost of Living Crisis in the UK, which, despite subsiding somewhat in 2024, is still impacting households going into 2025. In December 2024, for example, 56 percent of UK households reported their cost of living was increasing compared with the previous month, up from 45 percent in July, but far lower than at the height of the crisis in 2022. After global energy prices spiraled that year, the UK's energy price cap increased substantially. The cap, which limits what suppliers can charge consumers, reached 3,549 British pounds per year in October 2022, compared with 1,277 pounds a year earlier. Along with soaring food costs, high-energy bills have hit UK households hard, especially lower income ones that spend more of their earnings on housing costs. As a result of these factors, UK households experienced their biggest fall in living standards in decades in 2022/23. Global inflation crisis causes rapid surge in prices The UK's high inflation, and cost of living crisis in 2022 had its origins in the COVID-19 pandemic. Following the initial waves of the virus, global supply chains struggled to meet the renewed demand for goods and services. Food and energy prices, which were already high, increased further in 2022. Russia's invasion of Ukraine in February 2022 brought an end to the era of cheap gas flowing to European markets from Russia. The war also disrupted global food markets, as both Russia and Ukraine are major exporters of cereal crops. As a result of these factors, inflation surged across Europe and in other parts of the world, but typically declined in 2023, and approached more usual levels by 2024.

In January 2025, prices had increased by three percent compared to January 2024 according to the 12-month percentage change in the consumer price index — the monthly inflation rate for goods and services in the United States. The data represents U.S. city averages. In economics, the inflation rate is a measure of the change in price level over time. The rate of decrease in the purchasing power of money is approximately equal. A projection of the annual U.S. inflation rate can be accessed here and the actual annual inflation rate since 1990 can be accessed here. InflationOne of the most important economic indicators is the development of the Consumer Price Index in a country. The change in this price level of goods and services is defined as the rate of inflation. The inflationary situation in the United States had been relatively severe in 2022 due to global events relating to COVID-19, supply chain restrains, and the Russian invasion of Ukraine. More information on U.S. inflation may be found on our dedicated topic page. The annual inflation rate in the United States has increased from 3.2 percent in 2011 to 8.3 percent in 2022. This means that the purchasing power of the U.S. dollar has weakened in recent years. The purchasing power is the extent to which a person has available funds to make purchases. According to the data published by the International Monetary Fund, the U.S. Consumer Price Index (CPI) was about 258.84 in 2020 and is forecasted to grow up to 325.6 by 2027, compared to the base period from 1982 to 1984. The monthly percentage change in the Consumer Price Index (CPI) for urban consumers in the United States was 0.1 percent in March 2023 compared to the previous month. In 2022, countries all around the world are experienced high levels of inflation. Although Brazil already had an inflation rate of 8.3 percent in 2021, compared to the previous year, while the inflation rate in China stood at 0.85 percent.

Core consumer prices in the United States increased 2.90 percent in June of 2025 over the same month in the previous year. This dataset provides - United States Core Inflation Rate - actual values, historical data, forecast, chart, statistics, economic calendar and news.

The inflation rate in the United States declined significantly between June 2022 and May 2025, despite rising inflationary pressures towards the end of 2024. The peak inflation rate was recorded in June 2022, at *** percent. In August 2023, the Federal Reserve's interest rate hit its highest level during the observed period, at **** percent, and remained unchanged until September 2024, when the Federal Reserve implemented its first rate cut since September 2021. By January 2025, the rate dropped to **** percent, signalling a shift in monetary policy. What is the Federal Reserve interest rate? The Federal Reserve interest rate, or the federal funds rate, is the rate at which banks and credit unions lend to and borrow from each other. It is one of the Federal Reserve's key tools for maintaining strong employment rates, stable prices, and reasonable interest rates. The rate is determined by the Federal Reserve and adjusted eight times a year, though it can be changed through emergency meetings during times of crisis. The Fed doesn't directly control the interest rate but sets a target rate. It then uses open market operations to influence rates toward this target. Ways of measuring inflation Inflation is typically measured using several methods, with the most common being the Consumer Price Index (CPI). The CPI tracks the price of a fixed basket of goods and services over time, providing a measure of the price changes consumers face. At the end of 2023, the CPI in the United States was ****** percent, up from ****** a year earlier. A more business-focused measure is the producer price index (PPI), which represents the costs of firms.

Inflation Rate in the United States increased to 2.70 percent in June from 2.40 percent in May of 2025. This dataset provides - United States Inflation Rate - actual values, historical data, forecast, chart, statistics, economic calendar and news.

Measures of monthly UK inflation data including CPIH, CPI and RPI. These tables complement the consumer price inflation time series dataset.

Inflation Rate in India decreased to 2.10 percent in June from 2.82 percent in May of 2025. This dataset provides - India Inflation Rate - actual values, historical data, forecast, chart, statistics, economic calendar and news.

In March 2025, the inflation rate for food prices in the United Kingdom was measured at three percent. A period of continuous deflation between March 2015 and January 2017 preceded a return to a sustained rise in the cost of food from February 2017 onwards. While food prices were deflating between September 2020 and July 2021, they started increasing rapidly from August 2021 to March 2023. The inflation rate started to decline from April 2023. Inflation rate and consumer price indexInflation is commonly measured via the consumer price index, which illustrates changes to prices paid by consumers for a representative basket of goods and services. An annualized percentage change in the price index constitutes a measure of inflation. In order to maintain an inflation rate at a stable level, to enable the general public and businesses to plan their spending, the Government set a two percent inflation target for the Bank of England. The discounter boom The increase in food prices in the United Kingdom has shifted shopping behaviours amongst consumers. Value is now key and shoppers are changing their retailer loyalties. Aldi, the German discount supermarket retailer, overtook Morrisons as Great Britain's fourth largest supermarket in September of 2022. Aldi's market share reached double digits for the first time in April 2023. It is yet to be seen if Lidl, Aldi's discounter competitor, can also continue to rise up in the ranks and eventually take over Morrisons as the fifth leading food retailer.

In December 2024, energy prices increased by approximately 0.7 percent in the European Union, when compared with a year earlier, according to the harmonized index of consumer prices index. This represents a change compared to the dramatic deflation of energy prices experienced between September 2023 and April 2024. During December 2024, the inflation rate for food prices was three percent, while in non-energy industrial goods, costs were estimated to have gone up by 0.7 percent. For services, prices in December 2024 have increased by 4.2 percent compared to the previous year.

Inflation Rate in the United Kingdom increased to 3.60 percent in June from 3.40 percent in May of 2025. This dataset provides - United Kingdom Inflation Rate - actual values, historical data, forecast, chart, statistics, economic calendar and news.

Canada BOS: Input Price Inflation: Increase data was reported at 32.000 % in Mar 2025. This records an increase from the previous number of 13.000 % for Dec 2024. Canada BOS: Input Price Inflation: Increase data is updated quarterly, averaging 26.000 % from Sep 1998 (Median) to Mar 2025, with 107 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 55.000 % in Mar 2011 and a record low of 9.000 % in Sep 2023. Canada BOS: Input Price Inflation: Increase data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Bank of Canada. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Canada – Table CA.S003: Business Outlook Survey. Business Outlook Survey Questionnaire: Input Price Inflation - Over the next 12 months, are prices of products/services purchased expected to increase at a greater, lesser, or the same rate as over the past year? [COVID-19-IMPACT]

Inflation Nowcasting Monthly Month-Over-Month is a part of the Inflation Nowcasting indicator of the Federal Reserve Bank of Cleveland.

In January 2025, the unadjusted consumer price index (CPI) of all items for urban consumers in the United States amounted to about 317.67. The data represents U.S. city averages. The base period was 1982-84=100. The CPI is defined by the United States Bureau of Labor Statistics as “a measure of the average change over time in the prices paid by urban consumers for a market basket of consumer goods and services”. The annual consumer price index for urban consumers in the U.S. can be accessed here. Consumer Price Index The Consumer Price Index (CPI) began in 1919 under the Bureau of Labor Statistics and is published every month. The CPI for all urban consumers includes urban households in Metropolitan Statistical Areas and regions with over 2,500 inhabitants, as well as non-farm consumers living in rural regions. This index was established in 1978 and includes about 80 percent of the U.S. population. The monthly CPI of urban consumers in the United States increased from 292.3 in May 2022 to 304.13 in 2023. Inflation tends not to impact everyone equally for a variety of reasons, including geography - CPI often differs between regions, with a high of 287.49 in the Western region as of 2021. There are also disparities in inflation between income quartiles, in which inflation is generally felt more heavily by lower income households. The annual CPI in the United States has increased steadily over the past two decades, from 140.3 in 1992 to 292.56 in 2022. A forecast of the CPI expects this positive trend to continue, reaching 325.6 by 2027. As of March 2023, the CPI of the nation’s education had increased by 3.5 percent. Further, in the same month costs of recreation, rent, housing, medical care, and food and beverages, gasoline, and transportation increased. Comparatively, the CPI in Hong Kong reached 103.3 in 2022.

Inflation Rate In the Euro Area increased to 2 percent in June from 1.90 percent in May of 2025. This dataset provides the latest reported value for - Euro Area Inflation Rate - plus previous releases, historical high and low, short-term forecast and long-term prediction, economic calendar, survey consensus and news.

On behalf of the Press and Information Office of the Federal Government, the opinion research institute forsa conducted a short survey in September 2023 on the attitudes of the German population towards the increase in citizen´s benefit, their consumer behavior and their financial situation (ability to save, debts, additional payments for electricity and heating costs, salary increases, inflation compensation premium). In the survey period 11.09.2023 to 13.09.2023, a total of 1506 German-speaking people aged 14 and over were surveyed in telephone interviews (CATI). Respondents were selected using a multi-stage random sample as part of the forsa multi-topic survey (Politik-BUS), including landline and mobile phone numbers (dual-frame sample). Assessment of the increase in citizen´s benefit; consumer behavior and shopping behavior restricted; areas in everyday life with financial restrictions (energy consumption (heating and electricity), clothing and shoes, eating out, food, vacations, fuel (petrol, diesel), none of the above); financial situation: ability to save: household income set aside in the last month (grouped); if no income could be set aside: debts incurred or savings drawn on to cover household costs; already received an electricity or heating bill this year; reimbursements or additional payments for electricity and heating costs; dependent employees were also asked: job security; inflation adjustment bonus from employer in the last 12 months; salary increase from employer in the last 12 months. Demography: sex; age (grouped), education; income level (net equivalent income) low, medium, high; location size; party preference in the next federal election; voting behavior in the last federal election; household size. Additionally coded were: region West/East; weighting factor. Im Auftrag des Presse- und Informationsamts der Bundesregierung hat das Meinungsforschungsinstitut forsa im September 2023 eine Kurzumfrage durchgeführt, die sich mit den Einstellungen der deutschen Bevölkerung zur Bürgergelderhöhung, ihrem Konsumverhalten sowie ihrer finanziellen Lage (Möglichkeit zum Sparen, Schulden, Nachzahlungen bei Strom- und Heizkosten, Gehaltserhöhungen, Inflationsausgleichsprämie) beschäftigt. Im Erhebungszeitraum 11.09.2023 bis 13.09.2023 wurden insgesamt 1506 deutschsprachige Personen ab 14 Jahren in telefonischen Interviews (CATI) befragt. Die Auswahl der Befragten erfolgte durch eine mehrstufige Zufallsstichprobe im Rahmen der forsa-Mehrthemenumfrage (Politik-BUS) unter Einschluss von Festnetz- und Mobilfunknummern (Dual-Frame-Stichprobe). Beurteilung der Erhöhung des Bürgergeldes; Konsumverhalten und Einkaufsverhalten eingeschränkt; Bereiche im Alltag mit finanzieller Einschränkung (Energieverbrauch (Heizung und Strom), Kleidung und Schuhe, Essengehen, Lebensmittel, Urlaub, Kraftstoff (Benzin, Diesel), nichts davon); finanzielle Lage: Möglichkeit zum Sparen: zurückgelegte Haushaltseinkünfte im letzten Monat (gruppiert); falls keine Einkünfte zurückgelegt werden konnten: Schulden gemacht oder auf Ersparnisse zurückgegriffen um Haushaltskosten zu decken; in diesem Jahr bereits eine Strom- bzw. Heizkostenabrechnung erhalten; Kostenerstattungen oder Nachzahlungen bei Strom- und Heizkosten; abhängig Beschäftigte wurden zusätzlich gefragt: Sicherheit des Arbeitsplatzes; Inflationsausgleichsprämie vom Arbeitgeber in den letzten 12 Monaten; Gehaltserhöhung vom Arbeitgeber in den letzten 12 Monaten. Demographie: Geschlecht; Alter (gruppiert), Bildung; Einkommenslage (Nettoäquivalenzeinkommen) niedrig, mittel, hoch; Ortsgröße; Parteipräferenz bei der nächsten Bundestagswahl; Wahlverhalten bei der letzten Bundestagswahl; Haushaltsgröße. Zusätzlich verkodet wurde: Region West/Ost; Gewichtungsfaktor.

The Consumer Price Index of the United Kingdom was 138.5 in the second quarter of 2025, indicating that consumer prices have increased by 38.5 percent when compared with the first quarter of 2015. As of June 2025, the inflation rate for the CPI was 3.6 percent, an uptick from March, when prices were rising by 2.6 percent. A long period of elevated inflation between 2021 and 2023 peaked in October 2022 and saw prices increase by over 20 percent in just three years. Uptick in inflation expected in 2025 In late 2024, the UK's main economic forecaster, the Office for Budget Responsibility, predicted that the annual inflation rate for 2025 would average out at around 2.6 percent. In March 2025, however, the OBR revised this figure upward, with annual inflation now expected to be 3.2 percent. This uptick in inflation is predicted to peak in the third quarter of the year at 3.7 percent before falling to two percent by the second quarter of 2026. Although this period of higher inflation is predicted to be far less severe than in 2022, it will no doubt put further pressure on households already struggling with their cost of living. Cost of living woes continue The share of UK households reporting that their cost of living was increasing has been steadily rising since Summer 2024. At that time, less than half of UK households reported rising costs, down from 91 percent two years earlier. As of March 2025, however, 59 percent of households said their costs were rising, the highest figure since 2023. Of these households, 93 percent reported that their food shop was increasing, with three quarters of them reporting higher energy costs. With higher inflation predicted in 2025, the pressure on UK households will likely continue, although a crisis on the scale of 2021-2023 will hopefully be avoided.

The Federal Reserve Bank of Cleveland provides daily “nowcasts” of inflation for two popular price indexes, the price index for personal consumption expenditures (PCE) and the Consumer Price Index (CPI). These nowcasts give a sense of where inflation is today. Released each business day.

Cost of food in India decreased 1.06 percent in June of 2025 over the same month in the previous year. This dataset provides - India Food Inflation - actual values, historical data, forecast, chart, statistics, economic calendar and news.

In May 2025, the UK inflation rate was 3.6 percent, with prices rising fastest in the housing, water, electricity, gas, and other fuels sector, which had an inflation rate of 7.8 percent. In this month, prices were rising in all sectors, with prices rising at the slowest pace in the clothing and footwear sector. UK inflation falls in 2024 After reaching a peak of 11.1 percent in October 2022, the CPI inflation rate in the UK gradually declined over several months, falling to a low of 1.7 percent by August 2024. An uptick in inflation has occurred since that month, however, and by the end of the year, inflation was at 2.5 percent above the Bank of England's target rate of two percent. Going into 2025, recent forecasts suggest that over the course of the year, inflation will average out at 2.6 percent, with the two percent target not met on an annual basis until at least 2029. Roots of the inflation crisis This long period of high inflation that the UK and much of the world experienced had its roots in the post-pandemic economic recovery of 2021. During that year, as consumer demand returned, global supply chains struggled to return to full capacity, resulting in prices rising. With inflation already elevated going into 2022, Russia's invasion of Ukraine added even more inflationary pressures to the global economy. European markets which were heavily reliant on Russian oil and gas gradually phased out hydrocarbons from their economies. Food prices were also heavily impacted due to Ukraine's difficulty in exporting its agricultural products.

On behalf of the Press and Information Office of the Federal Government, the opinion research institute forsa conducted a short survey in September 2023 on the attitudes of the German population towards the increase in citizen´s benefit, their consumer behavior and their financial situation (ability to save, debts, additional payments for electricity and heating costs, salary increases, inflation compensation premium). In the survey period 11.09.2023 to 13.09.2023, a total of 1506 German-speaking people aged 14 and over were surveyed in telephone interviews (CATI). Respondents were selected using a multi-stage random sample as part of the forsa multi-topic survey (Politik-BUS), including landline and mobile phone numbers (dual-frame sample).
Assessment of the increase in citizen´s benefit; consumer behavior and shopping behavior restricted; areas in everyday life with financial restrictions (energy consumption (heating and electricity), clothing and shoes, eating out, food, vacations, fuel (petrol, diesel), none of the above); financial situation: ability to save: household income set aside in the last month (grouped); if no income could be set aside: debts incurred or savings drawn on to cover household costs; already received an electricity or heating bill this year; reimbursements or additional payments for electricity and heating costs; dependent employees were also asked: job security; inflation adjustment bonus from employer in the last 12 months; salary increase from employer in the last 12 months.

Demography: sex; age (grouped), education; income level (net equivalent income) low, medium, high; location size; party preference in the next federal election; voting behavior in the last federal election; household size.

Additionally coded were: region West/East; weighting factor.